CN118328285A - Open well protection structure for liquid hydrogen storage tank - Google Patents
Open well protection structure for liquid hydrogen storage tank Download PDFInfo
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- CN118328285A CN118328285A CN202410372163.6A CN202410372163A CN118328285A CN 118328285 A CN118328285 A CN 118328285A CN 202410372163 A CN202410372163 A CN 202410372163A CN 118328285 A CN118328285 A CN 118328285A
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- open well
- heat insulation
- protective sleeve
- inner tank
- connecting pipe
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- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003471 anti-radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006267 polyester film Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 4
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
Landscapes
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an open well protection structure for a liquid hydrogen storage tank, which penetrates through an inner tank shell, an outer tank shell and an insulating interlayer of the liquid hydrogen storage tank, wherein the open well protection structure comprises an open well, an insulating core body, an inner tank opening and a protective sleeve; the inside of the open well is provided with a heat insulation core body, and the outside of the open well is provided with a concentric protection sleeve; and an expansion joint is arranged on the protective sleeve body. The upper end of the heat-insulating core sleeve is connected with the flange cover of the open well, and the lower end of the heat-insulating core sleeve is connected with the bottom end socket of the heat-insulating core, so that a high-vacuum powdery heat-insulating material is formed in the airtight space. And a plurality of groups of radiation-proof cold screen sheets are arranged at the bottom of the heat insulation core body. And a plurality of opening connecting pipes of the inner tank are gathered at the opening well and pass through the heat insulation core body to be led out from the flange cover at the top of the opening well. The openings are arranged in a concentrated mode, and a unified heat insulation structure and a flexible structure are adopted, so that the investment and manufacturing difficulty of the storage tank can be reduced, the reliability of the storage tank body is improved, and meanwhile, the storage tank is convenient to check and maintain.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen energy and cryogenic storage, relates to a liquid hydrogen storage tank, and in particular relates to an open well protection structure for the liquid hydrogen storage tank.
Background
The liquid hydrogen storage tank is extremely low in storage temperature, close to minus 253 ℃ and extremely easy to vaporize, and a pressure-bearing double-shell structure storage tank with an insulating interlayer is generally adopted in engineering, and the liquid hydrogen storage tank comprises a vertical type double-shell cylindrical pressure storage tank, a horizontal type double-shell cylindrical pressure storage tank, a vertical spherical tank and other structural types. The liquid hydrogen storage tank is usually provided with a feed inlet, an outlet material, instrument ports such as temperature, pressure, liquid level and the like, a safety valve port, a vacuum port, a manhole for overhauling and the like.
The opening of liquid hydrogen storage tank takes over and need to follow the inner tank and draw outside the outer jar, and when the opening design of liquid hydrogen storage tank, need to solve following problem: 1) The open connection pipe is an important heat leakage path, and reliable heat insulation protection measures are needed; 2) The temperature difference between the inner tank and the outer tank is large, and the pipe penetrating through the interlayer and the connecting weld joint are easy to break under the action of temperature difference stress. When designing, the expansion difference of the inner tank and the outer tank needs to be absorbed by the flexible structure.
The opening of the liquid hydrogen storage tank or other double-shell cryogenic storage vessel is generally configured as shown in fig. 1 and 2. Fig. 1 is a construction of an outer expansion insulating sleeve, and fig. 2 is a construction of an insulating sleeve with an inner flexible nipple. The above structure has the following problems: 1) Each opening adopts an independent heat insulation and flexible structure, and because of the large number of openings, the manufacturing and installation are complex, the cost is high, the safety management such as leakage monitoring is difficult to be carried out in a concentrated way, and the difficulty of inspection and maintenance is high; 2) Because the interlayer space of the inner tank and the outer tank is smaller, the opening connecting pipe cannot be disassembled, inspected and maintained, and the long-period stable operation cannot be ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an open well protection structure for a liquid hydrogen storage tank, which aims to solve the technical problems of high requirements on open heat insulation and flexibility of the liquid hydrogen storage tank, complex distributed manufacturing and installation and high inspection and maintenance difficulty in the prior art.
The invention provides an open well protection structure for a liquid hydrogen storage tank, which comprises an open well, a heat insulation core body, an inner tank opening and a protective sleeve, wherein the open well, the heat insulation core body, the inner tank opening and the protective sleeve are arranged on the liquid hydrogen storage tank; the open well comprises an open well cylinder body, an open well check ring, an open well flange and an open well flange cover, wherein an insulating core body is arranged inside the open well cylinder body, a concentric protective sleeve is arranged outside the open well cylinder body, and the open well check ring is arranged at the position, close to the inner wall of the outer tank shell, of the open well cylinder body and is used for supporting an insulating material in an annular gap between the open well and the protective sleeve; the heat insulation core comprises a heat insulation core sleeve, a heat insulation core bottom seal head and heat insulation materials, wherein the upper end of the heat insulation core sleeve is connected with the open well flange cover, the lower end of the heat insulation core sleeve is connected with the heat insulation core bottom seal head to form a closed space, and a vacuum port and a heat insulation material charging port are arranged at the top of the open well flange cover to ensure that the inside of the heat insulation core is in a high vacuum environment and is filled with the heat insulation materials; the inner tank opening connecting pipe is collected into the open well barrel, penetrates through the bottom end socket of the heat insulation core body and the heat insulation material, and is led out from the flange cover at the top of the open well, the inner tank opening connecting pipe, the bottom end socket of the heat insulation core body and the flange cover at the top of the open well are all in sleeve structures, and the sleeve is communicated with the inner cavity of the heat insulation core body and is filled with the heat insulation material; the protective sleeve is provided with a protective sleeve body, and an expansion joint is arranged on the protective sleeve body to absorb thermal expansion caused by temperature difference between the inner tank and the outer tank.
The liquid hydrogen storage tank is generally composed of an inner tank shell, an outer tank shell and a heat insulation interlayer; the open well barrel penetrates through the heat insulation interlayer from the top of the inner tank shell and is led out from the outer tank shell, an open well reinforcing connecting pipe is arranged at the joint of the bottom of the open well and the inner tank shell so as to strengthen an opening, and a protective sleeve reinforcing connecting pipe is arranged at the joint of the outer tank shell and the lower part of the protective sleeve barrel; the end part of the open shaft body is provided with a flange and a flange cover, and the flange cover are connected with a gasket through bolts and nuts.
The outer protective sleeve further comprises a protective sleeve reinforcing connecting pipe, a protective sleeve barrel, a cover plate and a cofferdam; the protective sleeve reinforcing connection pipe is connected with the outer tank shell and plays a role in reinforcing an opening hole, the protective sleeve body is led out from the outer tank shell, a cover plate is arranged at the top of the protective sleeve body and welded with the open shaft body, the protective sleeve body and the open shaft body are in an interlayer of a high vacuum environment, a protective sleeve heat insulation material is filled, and a cofferdam covering expansion joint is arranged at the top of the protective sleeve cover plate.
The inner tank opening connecting pipe comprises an inner tank opening connecting pipe, an inner tank connecting pipe sleeve, an anti-radiation cold screen sheet, an inner tank connecting pipe flange and an inner pipeline, wherein the inner tank opening connecting pipe at the bottom of the heat insulation core body is provided with a plurality of annular anti-radiation cold screen sheets, the anti-radiation cold screen sheets are all arranged in an opening shaft body, the inner tank opening connecting pipe is arranged outside the inner tank shell body, and the inner tank opening connecting pipe is connected with the inner pipeline through the flange.
The upper end of the heat-insulating core body cylinder body is welded with the open well flange cover in a sealing way, the lower end of the heat-insulating core body cylinder body is connected with the heat-insulating core body seal head in a welding way, and the distance between the heat-insulating core body bottom seal head and the inner tank shell is about half of the annular space distance between the inner tank shell and the outer tank shell.
The inner tank shell, the open well reinforcing connecting pipe, the open well cylinder body, the open well flange cover, the vacuum port, the heat insulation material charging port, the heat insulation core sleeve, the heat insulation core seal head, the inner tank opening connecting pipe, the inner tank connecting pipe sleeve, the radiation cooling screen sheet, the inner tank connecting pipe flange and the inner pipeline are all made of austenitic stainless steel metal materials resistant to low temperature of minus 253 ℃.
The outer tank shell, the protective sleeve reinforcing connecting pipe, the protective sleeve barrel, the expansion joint, the protective sleeve cover plate and the protective sleeve cofferdam are all made of carbon steel metal materials.
The heat insulation material of the heat insulation core body is in a powder shape, aerogel or surface silver plating vacuum glass microspheres can be adopted, and the heat insulation interlayer of the tank body can adopt surface silver plating vacuum glass microspheres or a multilayer heat insulation structure; the heat insulating material of the protective sleeve of the interlayer between the open well and the protective sleeve can be multi-layer heat insulating materials, and the multi-layer heat insulating materials can be aluminum foil and glass fiber cloth which are wound at intervals in multiple layers, or materials such as multi-layer aluminum spraying polyester films and the like are adopted for winding.
The radiation-proof cold screen can be a stainless steel sheet with the thickness of 3-6 mm, the outer surface of the radiation-proof cold screen is coated with a metal film with high reflectivity such as aluminum, the distance between the radiation-proof cold screen and the inner tank shell is 30-50 mm, the quantity of the radiation-proof cold screen is determined according to the distance between the outer wall of the bottom end enclosure of the heat insulation core body and the outer wall of the inner tank shell, and the outer diameter of the radiation-proof screen is 3-5 mm smaller than the inner diameter of an open shaft.
The inner diameter of the open well cylinder is determined according to the volume of the liquid hydrogen storage tank and the number of openings, and the inner diameter of the open well cylinder is generally 500-900 mm. The gap between the inner wall of the open well cylinder and the outer wall of the protective sleeve cylinder is 100-200 mm. The gap between the inner wall of the open well cylinder and the outer wall of the heat insulation core sleeve is 3-5 mm.
The invention has application in cryogenic vessels for storing liquid oxygen, liquid nitrogen and the like including, but not limited to, vertical, horizontal or spherical liquid hydrogen storage tanks.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) The storage tank openings are arranged in a concentrated mode, a unified heat insulation structure and a flexible structure are adopted, and the opening connecting pipes of the inner tank are not required to be welded with the shell of the inner tank, so that investment and manufacturing difficulty and failure risk of the storage tank can be reduced, reliability of the storage tank body is improved, and meanwhile inspection and maintenance are facilitated. The method has the advantages that the measures such as leakage detection and fire protection can be uniformly arranged outside the open well, centralized monitoring and safety management are facilitated, and accident risks are reduced.
2) The outside of the open well is provided with a protective sleeve with an expansion joint. In the operation process of the storage tank, the temperature difference between the open well cylinder body and the protective sleeve cylinder body is large, the open well cylinder body can shrink inwards, and the expansion joint can absorb the expansion difference of the open well cylinder body and the protective sleeve cylinder body, so that the stress of the open well cylinder body and the protective sleeve cylinder body and the shell connected with the open well cylinder body and the protective sleeve cylinder body is effectively reduced. The expansion joint is provided with the protection cofferdam, so that the erosion of external rainwater and dust to the expansion joint can be avoided, and meanwhile, the expansion joint is arranged outside the storage tank, thereby being convenient for maintenance. Because the expansion joint is arranged on the external open well cylinder body, the expansion joint is not contacted with a low-temperature medium and has higher temperature, carbon steel materials can be adopted, and the cost of the storage tank can be effectively reduced.
3) The heat insulation core is a high-vacuum powdery heat insulation material filling structure such as aerogel or surface silver-plated vacuum glass microspheres, so that effective heat insulation is carried out on the connection pipe bundles penetrating through the heat insulation core, and the cold energy loss caused by connection pipes is reduced. The heat insulation core body is provided with an independent vacuum port and a charging port, so that the reliability of the heat insulation structure can be ensured.
4) In order to avoid the contact of the liquid hydrogen medium in the inner tank shell with the liquid hydrogen medium, the cold energy loss of the heat insulation core is reduced, the sealing reliability of the heat insulation core is ensured, and the bottom of the heat insulation core is at a certain distance from the inner surface of the inner tank. The inner tank opening connecting pipe at the bottom of the heat insulation core body is provided with a plurality of annular anti-radiation cold screen sheets coated with a metal film with higher reflectivity. The multi-layer radiation-proof cold screen can effectively reduce radiation cold energy loss between the bottom of the heat insulation core body and the liquid hydrogen medium.
5) The annular space between the open well cylinder body and the outer protective sleeve is communicated with the annular space of the inner tank and the outer tank, and the open well cylinder body is a high-vacuum environment and wraps the heat insulation structure of the multi-layer heat insulation material. The dual functions of the heat insulation material of the protective sleeve outside the open shaft body and the heat insulation core inside the open shaft body can effectively reduce the outward cold energy loss along the open shaft body.
6) The open well protection structure is a detachable structure, and the heat insulation core body and the connected accessories can be pulled out from the open well, so that the open well protection structure is convenient to inspect and maintain and can be used as an inspection manhole.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a heat insulating sleeve with an outer expansion joint;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an insulating sleeve with an internal flexible nipple;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an open well protection structure for a liquid hydrogen storage tank according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a radiation protective cold screen of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-liquid hydrogen storage tank, 2-open well, 3-heat insulating core, 4-inner tank opening, 5-protective jacket, 101-inner tank shell, 102-outer tank shell, 103-heat insulating interlayer, 201-open well reinforcing connection pipe, 202-open well cylinder, 203-open well retainer ring, 204-open well flange, 205-open well flange cover, 206-vacuum port, 207-heat insulating material charging port, 301-heat insulating core sleeve, 302-heat insulating core bottom head, 303-powder heat insulating material, 401-inner tank opening connection pipe, 402-inner tank connection pipe sleeve, 403-radiation-proof cold screen, 404-inner tank connection flange, 405-inner pipeline, 501-protective jacket reinforcing connection pipe, 502-protective jacket cylinder, 503-expansion joint, 504-protective jacket cover plate, 505-protective jacket cofferdam, 506-protective jacket heat insulating material.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the open well protection structure for the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 comprises the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1, an open well 2, an insulating core body 3, an inner tank opening 4 and a protection sleeve 5, wherein the insulating core body 3 and the protection sleeve 5 are respectively arranged inside and outside the open well 2, and the inner tank opening 4 penetrates through the insulating core body 3 and the open well 2.
The liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 includes an inner tank case 101, an outer tank case 102, and a heat insulating interlayer 103.
The open well comprises an open well reinforcing connecting pipe 201, an open well cylinder 202, an open well retainer ring 203, an open well flange 204, an open well flange cover 205, a vacuum port 206 and a heat insulation material charging port 205, wherein the open well cylinder 202 penetrates through the heat insulation interlayer 103 from the top of the inner tank shell 101 and is led out from the outer tank shell 102, the open well reinforcing connecting pipe 201 which is connected with the inner tank shell is arranged around the bottom of the open well cylinder 202, the open well reinforcing connecting pipe plays a role in reinforcing, the end part of the open well cylinder 202 is provided with the flange 204 and the flange cover 205, and the flange 204 is connected with the flange cover 205 through bolts and nuts. A baffle ring 203 is arranged at the bottom of the open well barrel 202 near the outer tank shell 102 and is used for supporting the heat insulation material 505 in the annular gap between the open well 2 and the protective sleeve 3. The top of the open well flange cover 205 is provided with a vacuum port 206 and a heat insulating material charging port 207.
Inside the open well 2, a heat insulating core 3 is provided, and the heat insulating core 3 is composed of a heat insulating core sleeve 301, a heat insulating core bottom head 302, and a powdery heat insulating material 303. The upper end of the heat-insulating core cylinder 301 is welded with the open well flange cover 205 in a sealing way, the lower end of the heat-insulating core cylinder is welded with the heat-insulating core seal head 302 to form a closed space, and the inside of the heat-insulating core 3 is in a high vacuum environment and is filled with powdery heat-insulating materials 303.
The inner tank opening 4 passes through the heat insulation core 3 and the open well 2 and comprises an inner tank opening connecting pipe 401, an inner tank connecting pipe sleeve 402, a radiation-proof cold screen 403, an inner tank connecting pipe flange 404 and an inner pipeline 405; the inner tank open nipple 401 is collected inside the open well barrel 202, passes through the heat insulating core bottom head 302 and the powdery heat insulating material 303, and is led out from the open well top flange cover 205. The inner tank opening connecting pipe 401 with adiabatic core bottom head 302 and open well top flange cover 205 department all adopts sleeve pipe 402 structure, sleeve pipe 402 and adiabatic core 3 inner chamber intercommunication are high vacuum environment, fill powdered insulating material 303, the inner tank opening connecting pipe 401 of adiabatic core 3 bottom is equipped with the annular radiation protection cold shield 403 of polylith, radiation protection cold shield 404 all sets up in the inside of open well barrel 202 and the outside of inner tank casing 101, inner tank opening connecting pipe 401 adopts flange 405 to be connected with inner line 404.
The insulation core bottom head 302 is spaced from the inner tank housing 101 by about half the annular space between the inner tank housing 101 and the outer tank housing 102.
An outer protective sleeve 5 is concentrically arranged at the outer side of the open well 2, and the outer protective sleeve 5 consists of a protective sleeve reinforcing connecting pipe 501, a protective sleeve barrel 502, an expansion joint 503, a cover plate 504 and a cofferdam 505; the protective sleeve reinforcing connecting pipe 501 is connected with the outer tank shell 102 and plays a role of hole reinforcement, the protective sleeve barrel 502 is led out from the outer tank shell 102, an expansion joint 503 is arranged on the barrel, a protective sleeve cover plate 504 is arranged at the top, a cofferdam 505 is arranged at the top of the protective sleeve cover plate 504 and covers the expansion joint 503, and the cover plate 504 is welded with the open well barrel 202.
The interlayer between the protective sleeve cylinder 502 and the open well cylinder 202 is a high vacuum environment, and is filled with protective sleeve heat insulation materials 506, and the inner tank shell 101, the open well reinforcing connection pipe 201, the open well cylinder 202, the open well flange 203, the open well flange cover 204, the vacuum port 205, the heat insulation material charging port 206, the heat insulation core sleeve 301, the heat insulation core seal head 302, the inner tank opening connection pipe 401, the inner tank connection pipe sleeve 402, the radiation cooling screen 403, the inner tank connection pipe flange 404 and the inner pipeline 405 are all austenitic stainless steel metal materials resistant to low temperature of minus 253 ℃; the outer tank shell 102, the protective sleeve reinforcing connection pipe 501, the protective sleeve barrel 502, the expansion joint 503, the protective sleeve cover plate 504 and the protective sleeve cofferdam 505 are all made of carbon steel metal materials.
The powdery heat insulating material 303 of the heat insulating core 3 can adopt aerogel or vacuum glass microspheres with silver plated on the surface; the tank insulating interlayer 103 can adopt glass microspheres or a multi-layer insulating structure. The heat insulating material 505 of the protective sleeve sandwiched between the open well 2 and the protective sleeve 3 may be a multi-layer heat insulating material, which may be a multi-layer winding of aluminum foil and glass fiber cloth, or a multi-layer winding of aluminum-spraying polyester film.
The radiation-proof cold screen 403 may be a stainless steel sheet with a thickness of 3-6 mm, and the outer surface is coated with a metal film with high reflectivity, such as aluminum. The radiation-proof screens 403 are spaced by 30-50 mm, and the number of the radiation-proof screens is determined according to the distance between the outer wall of the bottom seal head 302 of the heat insulation core body and the outer wall of the inner tank shell 101. The radiation shield 403 has an outer diameter slightly less than the inner diameter of the open well barrel 201 by 3 to 5mm.
The inner diameter of the open well barrel 202 is determined according to the volume of the liquid hydrogen storage tank and the number of openings, the inner diameter of the open well barrel 202 is generally 500-900 mm, the gap between the inner wall of the open well barrel 202 and the outer wall of the protective sleeve barrel 502 is 100-200 mm, and the gap between the inner wall of the open well barrel 202 and the outer wall of the heat insulation core sleeve 301 is 3-5 mm.
The above description is only exemplary of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any way, and any person skilled in the art shall make modifications or adaptations using the above description without departing from the scope of the invention as set forth in the following claims. Any equivalent changes to the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the present invention fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An open well protection architecture for a liquid hydrogen storage tank, characterized in that: the open well protection structure comprises an open well, a heat insulation core body, an inner tank opening and a protection sleeve which are arranged on a liquid hydrogen storage tank; the open well comprises an open well cylinder body, an open well check ring, an open well flange and an open well flange cover, wherein a heat insulation core body is arranged inside the open well cylinder body, a concentric protective sleeve is arranged outside the open well cylinder body, and the open well check ring is arranged at the position, close to the inner wall of the outer tank shell, of the open well cylinder body; the heat insulation core comprises a heat insulation core sleeve, a heat insulation core bottom seal head and heat insulation materials, wherein the upper end of the heat insulation core sleeve is connected with the open well flange cover, the lower end of the heat insulation core sleeve is connected with the heat insulation core bottom seal head to form a closed space, and a vacuum port and a heat insulation material charging port are arranged at the top of the open well flange cover to ensure that the inside of the heat insulation core is in a high vacuum environment and is filled with the heat insulation materials; the inner tank opening connecting pipe is collected into the open well barrel, penetrates through the bottom end socket of the heat insulation core body and the heat insulation material, and is led out from the flange cover at the top of the open well, the inner tank opening connecting pipe, the bottom end socket of the heat insulation core body and the flange cover at the top of the open well are all in sleeve structures, and the sleeve is communicated with the inner cavity of the heat insulation core body and is filled with the heat insulation material; the protective sleeve is provided with a protective sleeve body, and an expansion joint is arranged on the protective sleeve body to absorb thermal expansion caused by temperature difference between the inner tank and the outer tank.
2. The open well protection structure for a liquid hydrogen tank according to claim 1, wherein: the liquid hydrogen storage tank is generally composed of an inner tank shell, an outer tank shell and a heat insulation interlayer; the open well barrel penetrates through the heat insulation interlayer from the top of the inner tank shell and is led out from the outer tank shell, an open well reinforcing connecting pipe is arranged at the joint of the bottom of the open well and the inner tank shell so as to strengthen an opening, and a protective sleeve reinforcing connecting pipe is arranged at the joint of the outer tank shell and the lower part of the protective sleeve barrel; the end part of the open shaft body is provided with a flange and a flange cover, and the flange cover are connected with a gasket through bolts and nuts.
3. The open well protection structure for a liquid hydrogen tank according to claim 1, wherein: the outer protective sleeve further comprises a protective sleeve reinforcing connecting pipe, a protective sleeve barrel, a cover plate and a cofferdam; the protective sleeve reinforcing connection pipe is connected with the outer tank shell and plays a role in reinforcing an opening hole, the protective sleeve body is led out from the outer tank shell, a cover plate is arranged at the top of the protective sleeve body and welded with the open shaft body, the protective sleeve body and the open shaft body are in an interlayer of a high vacuum environment, a protective sleeve heat insulation material is filled, and a cofferdam covering expansion joint is arranged at the top of the protective sleeve cover plate.
4. The open well protection structure for a liquid hydrogen tank according to claim 1, wherein: the inner tank opening connecting pipe comprises an inner tank opening connecting pipe, an inner tank connecting pipe sleeve, an anti-radiation cold screen sheet, an inner tank connecting pipe flange and an inner pipeline, wherein the inner tank opening connecting pipe at the bottom of the heat insulation core body is provided with a plurality of annular anti-radiation cold screen sheets, the anti-radiation cold screen sheets are all arranged in an opening shaft body, the inner tank opening connecting pipe is arranged outside the inner tank shell body, and the inner tank opening connecting pipe is connected with the inner pipeline through the flange.
5. The open well protection structure for a liquid hydrogen tank according to claim 1, wherein: the upper end of the heat-insulating core body cylinder body is welded with the open well flange cover in a sealing way, the lower end of the heat-insulating core body cylinder body is connected with the heat-insulating core body seal head in a welding way, and the distance between the heat-insulating core body bottom seal head and the inner tank shell is about half of the annular space distance between the inner tank shell and the outer tank shell.
6. The open well protection structure for a liquid hydrogen tank according to claim 1, wherein: the inner tank shell, the open well reinforcing connecting pipe, the open well cylinder body, the open well flange cover, the vacuum port, the heat insulation material charging port, the heat insulation core sleeve, the heat insulation core seal head, the inner tank opening connecting pipe, the inner tank connecting pipe sleeve, the radiation cooling screen sheet, the inner tank connecting pipe flange and the inner pipeline are all made of austenitic stainless steel metal materials resistant to low temperature of minus 253 ℃.
7. The open well protection structure for a liquid hydrogen tank according to claim 1, wherein: the outer tank shell, the protective sleeve reinforcing connecting pipe, the protective sleeve barrel, the expansion joint, the protective sleeve cover plate and the protective sleeve cofferdam are all made of carbon steel metal materials.
8. The open well protection structure for a liquid hydrogen tank according to claim 1, wherein: the heat insulation material of the heat insulation core body is in a powder shape, aerogel or surface silver plating vacuum glass microspheres can be adopted, and the heat insulation interlayer of the tank body can adopt surface silver plating vacuum glass microspheres or a multilayer heat insulation structure; the heat insulating material of the protective sleeve of the interlayer between the open well and the protective sleeve can be multi-layer heat insulating materials, and the multi-layer heat insulating materials can be aluminum foil and glass fiber cloth which are wound at intervals in multiple layers, or materials such as multi-layer aluminum spraying polyester films and the like are adopted for winding.
9. The open well protection structure for a liquid hydrogen tank according to claim 1, wherein: the radiation-proof cold screen sheet is a stainless steel sheet with the thickness of 3-6 mm, the outer surface of the radiation-proof cold screen sheet is coated with a metal film with high reflectivity, the radiation-proof screen interval is 30-50 mm, the quantity of the radiation-proof cold screen sheet is determined by the interval between the outer wall of the bottom end enclosure of the heat-insulating core body and the outer wall of the inner tank shell, and the outer diameter of the radiation-proof screen is 3-5 mm smaller than the inner diameter of an open shaft.
10. The open well protection structure for a liquid hydrogen tank according to claim 1, wherein: the inner diameter of the open well cylinder body is determined according to the volume of the liquid hydrogen storage tank and the number of openings, and the inner diameter of the open well cylinder body is generally 500-900 mm; the gap between the inner wall of the open well cylinder and the outer wall of the protective sleeve cylinder is 100-200 mm; the gap between the inner wall of the open well cylinder body and the outer wall of the heat insulation core sleeve is 3-5 mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410372163.6A CN118328285A (en) | 2024-03-29 | 2024-03-29 | Open well protection structure for liquid hydrogen storage tank |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410372163.6A CN118328285A (en) | 2024-03-29 | 2024-03-29 | Open well protection structure for liquid hydrogen storage tank |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN118328285A true CN118328285A (en) | 2024-07-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410372163.6A Pending CN118328285A (en) | 2024-03-29 | 2024-03-29 | Open well protection structure for liquid hydrogen storage tank |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN118328285A (en) |
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