CN118299091A - Thorium dioxide nuclear fuel foil and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Thorium dioxide nuclear fuel foil and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN118299091A CN118299091A CN202410474407.1A CN202410474407A CN118299091A CN 118299091 A CN118299091 A CN 118299091A CN 202410474407 A CN202410474407 A CN 202410474407A CN 118299091 A CN118299091 A CN 118299091A
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- thorium dioxide
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- nuclear fuel
- thorium
- dioxide nuclear
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- ZCUFMDLYAMJYST-UHFFFAOYSA-N thorium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Th]=O ZCUFMDLYAMJYST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 239000003758 nuclear fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000001513 hot isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011268 mixed slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 24
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium(0) Chemical compound [U] JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 4
- OOAWCECZEHPMBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);uranium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[U+4] OOAWCECZEHPMBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FCTBKIHDJGHPPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[U]=O FCTBKIHDJGHPPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 232Th Chemical compound [232Th] ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052776 Thorium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004992 fission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002901 radioactive waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002915 spent fuel radioactive waste Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Landscapes
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of nuclear fuel, and discloses a thorium dioxide nuclear fuel foil and a preparation method thereof. The invention mixes thorium dioxide powder with dispersant and binder, ball-milling, drying, crushing, and cold-pressing to obtain blank; and sequentially performing presintering, sintering and hot isostatic pressing on the green body to obtain the thorium dioxide nuclear fuel foil. The method comprises the steps of taking thorium dioxide powder as a molding raw material, adding a dispersing agent and a binder, mixing, performing ball milling, reducing aggregation among thorium dioxide powder particles, improving the strength and density of a molded blank in the subsequent cold press molding, enabling the surface of the blank to be complete when a foil is formed, performing subsequent presintering and sintering, removing the dispersing agent and the binder, performing hot isostatic pressing, reducing residual holes after the dispersing agent and the binder are removed, improving the density of the foil, and enabling the shape and the size of the finally prepared foil to be complete and accord with the requirements of nuclear fuel of a reactor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear fuel, in particular to a thorium dioxide nuclear fuel foil and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Uranium dioxide is the most widely used nuclear fuel at present, however, the reserves of uranium resources are not abundant, and nuclear fuels for replacing uranium resources need to be sought. Moreover, with the progress of technology, the performance of uranium dioxide nuclear fuel has become one of the main factors limiting the performance of nuclear reactors, and therefore, the development of high-performance uranium dioxide nuclear fuel and its alternatives has become a current research hotspot.
Thorium is used as potential nuclear fuel, the abundance of the thorium in the crust is higher than that of uranium, the resource is wider, and the dependence on uranium resources can be reduced. Moreover, th-232 can be converted to thermal energy by nuclear fission reactions, can be used to produce nuclear energy or as nuclear fuel, and thorium has a greater nuclear fission potential, has higher fuel efficiency and less radioactive waste generation than uranium. Therefore, how to prepare a high-performance thorium dioxide nuclear fuel to replace uranium resources is a problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a thorium dioxide nuclear fuel foil and a preparation method thereof, which solve the problems of the prior uranium dioxide nuclear fuel.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
The invention provides a preparation method of a thorium dioxide nuclear fuel foil, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing thorium dioxide powder with a dispersing agent and a binder for ball milling to obtain mixed slurry;
(2) Drying and crushing the mixed slurry, and then carrying out cold press molding to obtain a thorium dioxide foil blank;
(3) Sequentially pre-sintering the thorium dioxide foil blank to obtain a sintered foil;
(4) And carrying out hot isostatic pressing on the sintered foil to obtain the thorium dioxide nuclear fuel foil.
Preferably, in the above method for preparing a thorium dioxide nuclear fuel foil, the particle size of the thorium dioxide powder in the step (1) is 10-20 μm.
Preferably, in the above preparation method of thorium dioxide nuclear fuel foil, the rotational speed of ball milling in step (1) is 200-400 rpm; the ball milling time is 1-5 h.
Preferably, in the above preparation method of thorium dioxide nuclear fuel foil, the dispersant in the step (1) is ethanol and/or ammonium polyacrylate; the binder is one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl butyral and phenolic resin.
Preferably, in the above preparation method of thorium dioxide nuclear fuel foil, the pressure of cold press molding in the step (2) is 100-150 MPa; the cold press molding time is 10-30 s.
Preferably, in the above preparation method of the thorium dioxide nuclear fuel foil, the pre-sintering temperature in the step (3) is 550-650 ℃; the presintering time is 1-2 h; the sintering process is to heat the material for 0.5 to 1.5 hours at 1300 to 1400 ℃ and then heat the material for 1 to 2 hours at 1600 to 1650 ℃.
Preferably, in the above method for preparing a thorium dioxide nuclear fuel foil, the pressure of the hot isostatic pressing in the step (4) is 50-70 MPa; the temperature of the hot isostatic pressing is 800-900 ℃; the time of the hot isostatic pressing is 1-10 min.
Preferably, in the above preparation method of a thorium dioxide nuclear fuel foil, the thickness of the thorium dioxide nuclear fuel foil in the step (4) is 1-2 mm; the diameter of the thorium dioxide nuclear fuel foil is 15-30 mm.
The invention also provides a thorium dioxide nuclear fuel foil prepared by the preparation method of the thorium dioxide nuclear fuel foil.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
According to the invention, thorium dioxide powder is used as a molding raw material, a dispersing agent and a binder are added for mixing, ball milling is performed, aggregation among thorium dioxide powder particles is reduced, the strength and density of a molded blank can be improved in subsequent cold press molding, the surface of the blank is complete when a foil is formed, subsequent presintering and sintering are performed, the dispersing agent and the binder are removed, finally hot isostatic pressing is performed, residual holes after the dispersing agent and the binder are removed are reduced, the density of the foil is improved, and the shape and the size of the finally prepared foil are complete and meet the requirements of nuclear fuel of a reactor.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a preparation method of a thorium dioxide nuclear fuel foil, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing thorium dioxide powder with a dispersing agent and a binder for ball milling to obtain mixed slurry;
(2) Drying and crushing the mixed slurry, and then carrying out cold press molding to obtain a thorium dioxide foil blank;
(3) Sequentially pre-sintering the thorium dioxide foil blank to obtain a sintered foil;
(4) And carrying out hot isostatic pressing on the sintered foil to obtain the thorium dioxide nuclear fuel foil.
In the present invention, the particle diameter of the thorium dioxide powder in the step (1) is preferably 10 to 20. Mu.m, more preferably 10 to 17. Mu.m, still more preferably 10 to 15. Mu.m.
In the present invention, the rotation speed of the ball mill in the step (1) is preferably 200 to 400rpm, more preferably 220 to 380rpm, and still more preferably 250rpm; the time for the ball milling is preferably 1 to 5 hours, more preferably 2 to 5 hours, and still more preferably 4 hours.
In the present invention, the ball-milled body of step (1) is preferably zirconia balls; the mass ratio of the thorium dioxide powder to the zirconia balls is preferably 1-2: 3 to 5, more preferably 1:3 to 4, more preferably 1:3.
In the present invention, the dispersant in step (1) is preferably ethanol and/or ammonium polyacrylate, and more preferably ethanol.
In the present invention, the binder in the step (1) is preferably one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl butyral, and a phenolic resin, more preferably polyvinyl alcohol and/or polyvinyl butyral, and still more preferably polyvinyl butyral.
In the present invention, the mass of the dispersant in the step (1) is preferably 0.1 to 1%, more preferably 0.2 to 0.7%, and still more preferably 0.4% of the mass of the thorium dioxide powder.
In the present invention, the mass of the binder in the step (1) is preferably 0.1 to 1%, more preferably 0.1 to 0.5%, and still more preferably 0.2% of the mass of the thorium dioxide powder.
In the present invention, the drying temperature in the step (2) is preferably 100 to 140 ℃, more preferably 110 to 130 ℃, and even more preferably 120 ℃; the drying time is preferably 6 to 12 hours, more preferably 8 to 12 hours, and even more preferably 10 hours.
In the present invention, the pressure of the cold press molding in the step (2) is preferably 100 to 150MPa, more preferably 110 to 140MPa, and still more preferably 130MPa; the time for cold press molding is preferably 10 to 30 seconds, more preferably 15 to 27 seconds, and still more preferably 23 seconds.
In the present invention, the cold press formed lubricant of step (2) is preferably a carbon tetrachloride solution of zinc stearate; the mass percentage of the carbon tetrachloride solution of zinc stearate is preferably 10 to 50%, more preferably 20 to 40%, and even more preferably 30%.
In the present invention, the temperature of the pre-sintering in the step (3) is preferably 550 to 650 ℃, more preferably 570 to 620 ℃, and even more preferably 600 ℃; the pre-sintering time is preferably 1 to 2 hours, more preferably 1 hour; the temperature rising rate of the pre-sintering is preferably 10 to 20 ℃/min, more preferably 12 to 17 ℃/min, and even more preferably 15 ℃/min.
In the invention, the sintering process in the step (3) is preferably carried out for 0.5-1.5 hours at 1300-1400 ℃, then for 1-2 hours at 1600-1650 ℃, further preferably for 0.5 hours at 1330-1400 ℃, then for 2 hours at 1600-1620 ℃, further preferably for 0.5 hours at 1340 ℃, and then for 2 hours at 1600 ℃; the temperature rise rate of the sintering is preferably 1 to 10 ℃/min, more preferably 3 to 8 ℃/min, and even more preferably 5 ℃/min.
In the present invention, the pre-sintering in step (3) is preferably performed under a protective atmosphere; the protective atmosphere is preferably argon.
In the present invention, the pressure of the hot isostatic pressing in step (4) is preferably 50 to 70MPa, more preferably 55 to 70MPa, still more preferably 65MPa; the temperature of the hot isostatic pressing is preferably 800-900 ℃, more preferably 830-870 ℃, and still more preferably 850 ℃; the time for the hot isostatic pressing is preferably 1 to 10min, more preferably 4 to 7min, and still more preferably 6min.
In the present invention, the thickness of the thorium dioxide nuclear fuel foil in step (4) is preferably 1 to 2mm, more preferably 1.2 to 1.8mm, and still more preferably 1.6mm; the diameter of the thorium dioxide nuclear fuel foil is preferably 15 to 30mm, more preferably 18 to 27mm, and even more preferably 25mm.
The invention also provides a thorium dioxide nuclear fuel foil prepared by the preparation method of the thorium dioxide nuclear fuel foil.
The following description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clear and complete, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a thorium dioxide nuclear fuel foil, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing thorium dioxide powder with the particle size of 10-20 mu m with ethanol and polyvinyl butyral, wherein the mass of the ethanol is 0.2% of that of the thorium dioxide powder, the mass of the polyvinyl butyral is 0.5% of that of the thorium dioxide powder, and the zirconia balls are used as grinding bodies according to the mass ratio of the thorium dioxide powder to the zirconia balls of 1: ball milling for 3 hours at the rotating speed of 350rpm to obtain mixed slurry;
(2) Drying the mixed slurry at 100 ℃ for 10 hours, crushing, performing cold press molding, and taking a carbon tetrachloride solution of zinc stearate with the mass percent of 25% as a lubricant, wherein the pressure is 130MPa, and the time is 26s to obtain a thorium dioxide foil blank;
(3) Under argon atmosphere, heating the thorium dioxide foil blank to 600 ℃ at a heating rate of 15 ℃/min for presintering for 1.5 hours, heating to 1340 ℃ at a heating rate of 5 ℃/min for sintering for 0.5 hours, and heating to 1600 ℃ at a heating rate of 5 ℃/min for sintering for 2 hours to obtain a sintered foil;
(4) And carrying out hot isostatic pressing on the sintered foil for 6min at the temperature of 850 ℃ and the pressure of 65MPa to obtain the thorium dioxide nuclear fuel foil.
The thickness of the thorium dioxide nuclear fuel foil is 1.6mm, the diameter is 25mm, the density is 8.62g/cm 3, the foil shape is complete, and the surface is flat.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a thorium dioxide nuclear fuel foil, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing thorium dioxide powder with the particle size of 10-20 mu m with ammonium polyacrylate and polyvinyl alcohol, wherein the mass of ammonium polyacrylate is 0.3% of the mass of the thorium dioxide powder, the mass of polyvinyl alcohol is 0.1% of the mass of the thorium dioxide powder, zirconium oxide balls are used as grinding bodies, and the mass ratio of the thorium dioxide powder to the zirconium oxide balls is 1: ball milling for 4 hours at the rotating speed of 250rpm to obtain mixed slurry;
(2) Drying the mixed slurry at 120 ℃ for 8 hours, crushing, performing cold press molding, and taking a carbon tetrachloride solution of zinc stearate with the mass percent of 30% as a lubricant, wherein the pressure is 110MPa, and the time is 30s to obtain a thorium dioxide foil blank;
(3) Under argon atmosphere, heating the thorium dioxide foil blank to 550 ℃ at a heating rate of 12 ℃/min for presintering for 2 hours, heating to 1330 ℃ at a heating rate of 8 ℃/min for sintering for 1 hour, and heating to 1620 ℃ at a heating rate of 5 ℃/min for sintering for 1 hour to obtain a sintered foil;
(4) And carrying out hot isostatic pressing on the sintered foil for 4min at the temperature of 800 ℃ and the pressure of 55MPa to obtain the thorium dioxide nuclear fuel foil.
The thickness of the thorium dioxide nuclear fuel foil is 1.8mm, the diameter is 22mm, the density is 7.58g/cm 3, the foil shape is complete, and the surface is flat.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a thorium dioxide nuclear fuel foil, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing thorium dioxide powder with the particle size of 10-20 mu m with ammonium polyacrylate and phenolic resin, wherein the mass of ammonium polyacrylate is 0.1% of the mass of the thorium dioxide powder, the mass of the phenolic resin is 0.1% of the mass of the thorium dioxide powder, zirconia balls are used as grinding bodies, and the mass ratio of the thorium dioxide powder to the zirconia balls is 2: ball milling for 4 hours at the rotating speed of 300rpm to obtain mixed slurry;
(2) Drying the mixed slurry at 120 ℃ for 10 hours, crushing, performing cold press molding, and taking a carbon tetrachloride solution of zinc stearate with the mass percent of 30% as a lubricant, wherein the pressure is 140MPa, and the time is 15s to obtain a thorium dioxide foil blank;
(3) Under argon atmosphere, heating the thorium dioxide foil blank to 600 ℃ at a heating rate of 15 ℃/min for presintering for 1h, heating to 1300 ℃ at a heating rate of 4 ℃/min for sintering for 1h, and heating to 1610 ℃ at a heating rate of 4 ℃/min for sintering for 1h to obtain a sintered foil;
(4) And carrying out hot isostatic pressing on the sintered foil for 7min at the temperature of 830 ℃ and the pressure of 55MPa to obtain the thorium dioxide nuclear fuel foil.
The thickness of the thorium dioxide nuclear fuel foil is 1.5mm, the diameter is 25mm, the density is 8.07g/cm 3, the foil shape is complete, and the surface is flat.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a thorium dioxide nuclear fuel foil, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing thorium dioxide powder with the particle size of 10-20 mu m with ethanol and polyvinyl alcohol, wherein the mass of the ethanol is 0.5% of that of the thorium dioxide powder, the mass of the polyvinyl alcohol is 0.7% of that of the thorium dioxide powder, zirconium oxide balls are used as grinding bodies, and the mass ratio of the thorium dioxide powder to the zirconium oxide balls is 1: ball milling for 5 hours at 400rpm to obtain mixed slurry;
(2) Drying the mixed slurry at 140 ℃ for 12 hours, crushing, performing cold press molding, and taking a carbon tetrachloride solution of zinc stearate with the mass percent of 30% as a lubricant, wherein the pressure is 150MPa, and the time is 10s to obtain a thorium dioxide foil blank;
(3) Under argon atmosphere, heating the thorium dioxide foil blank to 650 ℃ at a heating rate of 18 ℃/min for presintering for 1h, heating to 1400 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min for sintering for 0.5h, and heating to 1650 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min for sintering for 2h to obtain a sintered foil;
(4) And carrying out hot isostatic pressing on the sintered foil for 5min at the temperature of 900 ℃ and the pressure of 50MPa to obtain the thorium dioxide nuclear fuel foil.
The thickness of the thorium dioxide nuclear fuel foil is 1.3mm, the diameter is 25mm, the density is 7.64g/cm 3, the foil shape is complete, and the surface is flat.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example provides a process for the preparation of a thorium dioxide nuclear fuel foil, see in particular example 1, with the difference that the hot isostatic pressing of step (4) is not carried out, the thickness of the obtained thorium dioxide nuclear fuel foil is 1.9mm, the diameter is 25mm, the density is 5.72g/cm 3, and the foil edges warp.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The preparation method of the thorium dioxide nuclear fuel foil is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Mixing thorium dioxide powder with a dispersing agent and a binder for ball milling to obtain mixed slurry;
(2) Drying and crushing the mixed slurry, and then carrying out cold press molding to obtain a thorium dioxide foil blank;
(3) Sequentially pre-sintering the thorium dioxide foil blank to obtain a sintered foil;
(4) And carrying out hot isostatic pressing on the sintered foil to obtain the thorium dioxide nuclear fuel foil.
2. The method for preparing a thorium dioxide nuclear fuel foil according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the thorium dioxide powder in step (1) is 10-20 μm.
3. The method for preparing thorium dioxide nuclear fuel foil according to claim 2, wherein the rotational speed of the ball mill in step (1) is 200-400 rpm; the ball milling time is 1-5 h.
4. A process for the preparation of thorium dioxide nuclear fuel foil according to claim 3, characterised in that the dispersant of step (1) is ethanol and/or ammonium polyacrylate; the binder is one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl butyral and phenolic resin.
5. The method for producing a thorium dioxide nuclear fuel foil according to claim 2, wherein the cold press molding pressure in step (2) is 100-150 MPa; the cold press molding time is 10-30 s.
6. The method for preparing a thorium dioxide nuclear fuel foil according to claim 5, wherein the pre-sintering temperature in step (3) is 550-650 ℃; the presintering time is 1-2 h; the sintering process is to heat the material for 0.5 to 1.5 hours at 1300 to 1400 ℃ and then heat the material for 1 to 2 hours at 1600 to 1650 ℃.
7. The method for producing a thorium dioxide nuclear fuel foil according to claim 6, wherein the hot isostatic pressure in step (4) is 50-70 MPa; the temperature of the hot isostatic pressing is 800-900 ℃; the time of the hot isostatic pressing is 1-10 min.
8. The method for preparing a thorium dioxide nuclear fuel foil according to claim 1 or 7, wherein the thickness of the thorium dioxide nuclear fuel foil in step (4) is 1-2 mm; the diameter of the thorium dioxide nuclear fuel foil is 15-30 mm.
9. A thorium dioxide nuclear fuel foil produced by the process for producing a thorium dioxide nuclear fuel foil as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.
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