CN111509251B - Bipolar plate for hydrogen fuel cell and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Bipolar plate for hydrogen fuel cell and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111509251B CN111509251B CN202010353412.9A CN202010353412A CN111509251B CN 111509251 B CN111509251 B CN 111509251B CN 202010353412 A CN202010353412 A CN 202010353412A CN 111509251 B CN111509251 B CN 111509251B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0213—Gas-impermeable carbon-containing materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bipolar plate for a hydrogen fuel cell and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of fuel cells. The preparation method comprises the following steps: pulping, (2) casting film forming and drying, (3) vacuum film rolling densification and roll pressing groove, (4) cutting, shaping and punching; (5) sintering and densifying again. The invention applies the tape casting film forming technology to the preparation of the bipolar plate of the hydrogen fuel cell for the first time, the preparation method can replace the lagging mechanical processing forming or compression molding mode, the ultra-thin bipolar plate can be produced in batches, and the prepared bipolar plate has excellent compactness, corrosion resistance, toughness, electrical conductivity and strength performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of fuel cells, and particularly relates to a bipolar plate for a hydrogen fuel cell and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The bipolar plates commonly used in hydrogen fuel cells mainly comprise graphite carbon plates, metal bipolar plates and composite bipolar plates, and graphite bipolar plates are currently the main stream of domestic application. Most graphite bipolar plates are machined or compression molded, and foreign manufacturers directly adopt die casting molding or expanded graphite extrusion molding, so that the machining mode is single.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a preparation method of a bipolar plate for a hydrogen fuel cell. The method is a novel casting film-forming bipolar plate manufacturing method, can replace a lagging machining forming mode or a compression molding mode, and can be used for mass production of bipolar plates with ultrathin thickness of 0.1 mm-1 mm.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a bipolar plate for a hydrogen fuel cell comprises the following steps:
(1) Pulping: adding graphite powder and a certain proportion of dispersing agent into a solvent (water-based or organic solvent), opening particle agglomeration through ball milling or ultrasonic oscillation, ensuring that the solvent wets the graphite powder, adding a certain proportion of binder and plasticizer, performing secondary ball milling, adding a foam removing agent, and performing vacuum foam removal to obtain stable and uniform slurry;
(2) Casting to form a film and drying: the slurry is conveyed into a casting machine container, three parameters of the slurry liquid level height, the knife edge height of a casting scraper and the tape feeding speed of the casting machine are reasonably set, the thickness of a required film can be obtained, and a film which is stable in standing translates through a steel belt and is dried through a plurality of drying temperature areas;
(3) Vacuum film densification (vacuum degree between 0.1pa and 1000 pa), roll pressing groove: the method comprises the steps of guiding a film with certain strength into double rollers of a film rolling machine, setting the film rolling machine into a vacuum state, arranging a plurality of groups of rollers with different intervals on the film rolling machine, gradually reducing the intervals to increase density for shaping, and forming a final group of rollers which are formed grooved wheels according to the hydrogen diffusion requirement of a bipolar plate, wherein the forming rollers are formed into gas flow fields such as hydrogen, oxygen, water and the like through rolling;
(4) Cutting, shaping and punching: designing a cold pressing film according to the design size requirement, stamping and forming a bipolar plate, deburring after stamping, chamfering and polishing edges and corners, and punching;
(5) Sintering and densifying again: under the protection of inert gas, the graphite bipolar plate is subjected to high-temperature treatment, and solid particles are bonded by liquid phase substances such as asphalt, so that the secondary densification effect is realized.
The invention can adopt 100-500 mesh artificial graphite as raw material, and the following components are added according to the mass percentage of graphite powder: 10-25% of dispersing agent, wherein the dispersing agent is one or more of dimethyl formamide, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium polyacrylate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and sodium dodecyl sulfonate; 10-25% of a solvent, wherein the solvent is ethanol; 10-20% of a binder, wherein the binder is vinyl resin or bisphenol; 5-20% of plasticizer, wherein the plasticizer is dibutyl phthalate or polyethylene glycol; 0.1-1.5% of foam removing agent, wherein the foam removing agent is polyether foam removing agent, glycol or n-butanol; the secondary ball milling time is 2-20 hours.
The invention can also adopt 100-500 mesh artificial graphite powder with the surface coated with asphalt with the mass percent of 5-10 percent and 100-150 ℃ as raw materials, and the following components are added according to the mass percent of the graphite powder coated with asphalt: 15-30% of dispersing agent, wherein the dispersing agent is one or more of dimethyl formamide, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium polyacrylate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and sodium dodecyl sulfonate; 10-25% of a solvent, wherein the solvent is ethanol; 5-10% of a binder, wherein the binder is vinyl resin or bisphenol; 5-20% of plasticizer, wherein the plasticizer is dibutyl phthalate or polyethylene glycol; 0.1-1.5% of foam removing agent, wherein the foam removing agent is polyether foam removing agent, glycol or n-butanol; the secondary ball milling time is 2-20 hours.
Further, the drying temperature in the step (2) is 200-500 ℃, the sintering temperature in the step (5) is 900-1300 ℃, and the sintering time is 0.5-3 hours.
The invention can also adopt 100-500 mesh artificial graphite powder with the surface coated with 2-5 mass percent of metal nickel as a raw material, and the following components are added according to the mass percent of the graphite powder coated with the metal nickel: 15-30% of dispersing agent, wherein the dispersing agent is one or more of dimethyl formamide, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium polyacrylate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and sodium dodecyl sulfonate; 10-25% of a solvent, wherein the solvent is ethanol; 5-10% of a binder, wherein the binder is vinyl resin or bisphenol; 5-20% of plasticizer, wherein the plasticizer is dibutyl phthalate or polyethylene glycol; 0.1-1.5% of foam removing agent, wherein the foam removing agent is polyether foam removing agent, glycol or n-butanol; the secondary ball milling time is 2-20 hours.
Further, the drying temperature in the step (2) is 200-500 ℃, the sintering temperature in the step (5) is 900-1300 ℃, and the sintering time is 0.5-3 hours.
The invention also provides a bipolar plate of a hydrogen fuel cell prepared by the method.
The graphite bipolar plate for the hydrogen fuel cell, which has the thickness of 0.1-1mm, high compactness, high strength, good toughness, good conductivity and corrosion resistance, can be obtained by the method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention applies the tape casting film forming technology to the preparation of the bipolar plate of the hydrogen fuel cell for the first time, the preparation method can replace a lagging machining forming mode or a compression molding mode, and the ultra-thin bipolar plate can be produced in batches, and the prepared electrode plate has excellent compactness, corrosion resistance, toughness, conductivity and strength.
Detailed Description
Example 1
In the embodiment, 100-500 meshes of artificial graphite is used as a raw material to prepare the graphite bipolar plate for the hydrogen fuel cell, and the steps are as follows:
(1) Pulping: adding dimethyl methylthioamine serving as a dispersing agent into 10-25% of graphite powder in percentage by mass, adding ethanol serving as a solvent into 10-25% of the graphite powder, adding dibutyl phthalate serving as a plasticizer into 5-20% of the graphite powder, opening particle agglomeration through ball milling or ultrasonic oscillation, ensuring that the solvent wets the graphite powder, adding vinyl resin (P104-02) serving as a binder into the graphite powder in percentage by mass of 10-20%, performing secondary ball milling for 2-20 hours, and adding ethylene glycol serving as a defoaming agent into 0.3% of the graphite powder to perform vacuum defoaming to obtain stable and uniform slurry;
(2) Casting to form a film and drying: the slurry is conveyed into a casting machine container, three parameters of the slurry liquid level height, the knife edge height of a casting scraper and the tape feeding speed of the casting machine are reasonably set, the thickness of a required film can be obtained, the film which stands stably translates through a steel belt, and is dried through a plurality of drying temperature areas, wherein the drying temperature is 200 ℃;
(3) Vacuum film rolling densification and rolling groove preparation: the method comprises the steps of guiding a film with certain strength into double rollers of a film rolling machine, setting the film rolling machine into a vacuum state, arranging a plurality of groups of rollers with different intervals on the film rolling machine, gradually reducing the intervals to increase density for shaping, and forming a final group of rollers which are formed grooved wheels according to the hydrogen diffusion requirement of a bipolar plate, wherein the forming rollers are formed into gas flow fields such as hydrogen, oxygen, water and the like through rolling;
(4) Cutting and shaping: designing a cold pressing film according to the design size requirement, stamping and forming a bipolar plate, deburring after stamping, and chamfering and polishing the edges;
(5) Sintering and densifying again: under the protection of inert gas, the graphite bipolar plate is sintered at a high temperature of 900 ℃ for 2 hours, and solid particles are bonded by utilizing liquid phase substances, so that the secondary densification effect is realized.
The performance parameters of the graphite bipolar plate for hydrogen fuel cell prepared by the above method are shown in table 1, and the thickness thereof is 0.3mm.
TABLE 1
As is clear from the above table, the bipolar plate prepared in this example is excellent in compactness, strength, conductivity, corrosion resistance, etc.
Example 2
In the embodiment, the graphite bipolar plate for the hydrogen fuel cell is prepared by taking asphalt coated 100-500 meshes of artificial graphite powder with the mass percent of 5-10% and the temperature of 120 ℃ as raw materials, and comprises the following steps:
(1) Pulping: adding 15-30% of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) serving as a dispersing agent, 10-25% of ethanol serving as a solvent, 5-20% of polyethylene glycol serving as a plasticizer (with a polymerization degree of 8-100), opening particle agglomeration through ball milling or ultrasonic oscillation, ensuring that the solvent wets graphite powder, 5-10% of bisphenol serving as a binder, performing secondary ball milling for 2-20 hours, and 0.2% of n-butanol serving as a defoaming agent for vacuum defoaming to obtain stable and uniform slurry;
(2) Casting to form a film and drying: the slurry is conveyed into a casting machine container, three parameters of the slurry liquid level height, the knife edge height of a casting scraper and the tape feeding speed of the casting machine are reasonably set, the thickness of a required film can be obtained, the film which stands stably translates through a steel belt, and is dried through a plurality of drying temperature areas, wherein the drying temperature is 500 ℃;
(3) Vacuum film rolling densification and rolling groove preparation: the method comprises the steps of guiding a film with certain strength into double rollers of a film rolling machine, setting the film rolling machine into a vacuum state, arranging a plurality of groups of rollers with different intervals on the film rolling machine, gradually reducing the intervals to increase density for shaping, and forming a final group of rollers which are formed grooved wheels according to the hydrogen diffusion requirement of a bipolar plate, wherein the forming rollers are formed into gas flow fields such as hydrogen, oxygen, water and the like through rolling;
(4) Cutting and shaping: and (3) designing a cold pressing film according to the design size requirement, stamping and forming the bipolar plate, deburring after stamping, and chamfering and polishing the edge angle.
(5) Sintering and densifying again: under the protection of inert gas, the graphite bipolar plate is sintered for 3 hours at 1100 ℃, and solid particles are bonded by liquid phase substances, so that the secondary densification effect is realized.
The graphite bipolar plate for the hydrogen fuel cell, which has the thickness of 0.1-1mm, high compactness, high strength, good toughness, good conductivity and corrosion resistance, can be obtained by the method.
Example 3
The embodiment adopts the artificial graphite powder with the mass percent of 2-5 percent and the coating of 100-500 meshes as the raw material to prepare the graphite bipolar plate for the hydrogen fuel cell, and the steps are as follows:
(1) Pulping: adding 15-30% of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate serving as a dispersing agent, 10-25% of ethanol serving as a solvent, 5-20% of dibutyl phthalate serving as a plasticizer, opening particle agglomeration through ball milling or ultrasonic vibration, ensuring that the solvent wets graphite powder, 5-10% of bisphenol serving as a binding agent, 0.1-1.5% of ethylene glycol serving as a defoaming agent, performing vacuum defoaming, and ball milling for 2-20 hours to obtain stable and uniform slurry;
(2) Casting to form a film and drying: the slurry is conveyed into a casting machine container, three parameters of the slurry liquid level height, the knife edge height of a casting scraper and the tape feeding speed of the casting machine are reasonably set, the thickness of a required film can be obtained, the film which stands stably translates through a steel belt, and is dried through a plurality of drying temperature areas, wherein the drying temperature is 300 ℃.
(3) Vacuum film rolling densification and rolling groove preparation: the method comprises the steps of guiding a film with certain strength into double rollers of a film rolling machine, setting the film rolling machine into a vacuum state, arranging a plurality of groups of rollers with different intervals on the film rolling machine, gradually reducing the intervals to increase density for shaping, and forming a final group of rollers which are formed grooved wheels according to the hydrogen diffusion requirement of a bipolar plate, wherein the forming rollers are formed into gas flow fields such as hydrogen, oxygen, water and the like through rolling;
(4) Cutting and shaping: designing a cold pressing film according to the design size requirement, stamping and forming a bipolar plate, deburring after stamping, and chamfering and polishing the edges;
(5) Sintering and densifying again: under the protection of inert gas, the graphite bipolar plate is sintered for 0.5 hour at 1300 ℃, and solid particles are bonded by utilizing liquid phase substances, so that the effect of re-densification is achieved.
The graphite bipolar plate for the hydrogen fuel cell, which has the thickness of 0.1-1mm, high compactness, high strength, good toughness, good conductivity and corrosion resistance, can be obtained by the method.
The above embodiments are only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the design spirit of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for preparing a bipolar plate for a hydrogen fuel cell, comprising the steps of:
(1) Pulping: adding graphite powder and a certain proportion of dispersing agent into a solvent to uniformly mix the graphite powder and the dispersing agent, adding a certain proportion of binder and plasticizer, performing secondary ball milling, and adding a defoaming agent to perform vacuum defoaming to obtain stable and uniform slurry;
(2) Casting to form a film and drying;
(3) Vacuum film rolling densification and rolling groove preparation: the method comprises the steps of guiding a film with certain strength into double rollers of a film rolling machine, setting the film rolling machine into a vacuum state, arranging a plurality of groups of rollers with different intervals on the film rolling machine, gradually reducing the intervals to increase the density for shaping, and setting the final group of rollers into a formed grooved wheel;
(4) Cutting, shaping and punching;
(5) Sintering and densifying again;
the graphite powder takes 100-500 meshes of graphite as a raw material;
the graphite powder is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 10-25% of dispersing agent, wherein the dispersing agent is one or more of dimethyl formamide, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium polyacrylate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and sodium dodecyl sulfonate; 10-25% of a solvent, wherein the solvent is ethanol; 10-20% of a binder, wherein the binder is vinyl resin or bisphenol; 5-20% of plasticizer, wherein the plasticizer is dibutyl phthalate or polyethylene glycol; 0.1-1.5% of foam removing agent, wherein the foam removing agent is polyether foam removing agent, glycol or n-butanol; the secondary ball milling time is 2-20 hours;
the graphite powder is coated with 5-10 mass percent of asphalt with the temperature of 100-150 ℃ and then added into a solvent together with a dispersing agent; or the graphite powder is graphite powder coated with 2-5% of metal nickel on the surface, and the graphite powder and the dispersing agent are added into the solvent together.
2. The method for preparing a bipolar plate for a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the following components are added according to the mass percentage of graphite powder after asphalt coating: 15-30% of dispersing agent, wherein the dispersing agent is one or more of dimethyl formamide, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium polyacrylate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and sodium dodecyl sulfonate; 10-25% of a solvent, wherein the solvent is ethanol; 5-10% of a binder, wherein the binder is vinyl resin or bisphenol; 5-20% of plasticizer, wherein the plasticizer is dibutyl phthalate or polyethylene glycol; 0.1-1.5% of foam removing agent, wherein the foam removing agent is polyether foam removing agent, glycol or n-butanol; the secondary ball milling time is 2-20 hours.
3. The method for preparing a bipolar plate for a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the following components are added according to the mass percentage of graphite powder coated with metallic nickel: 15-30% of dispersing agent, wherein the dispersing agent is one or more of dimethyl formamide, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium polyacrylate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and sodium dodecyl sulfonate; 10-25% of a solvent, wherein the solvent is ethanol; 5-10% of a binder, wherein the binder is vinyl resin or bisphenol; 5-20% of plasticizer, wherein the plasticizer is dibutyl phthalate or polyethylene glycol; 0.1-1.5% of foam removing agent, wherein the foam removing agent is polyether foam removing agent, glycol or n-butanol; the secondary ball milling time is 2-20 hours.
4. The method for producing a bipolar plate for a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the baking temperature in the step (2) is 200 ℃ to 500 ℃, the sintering temperature in the step (5) is 900 ℃ to 1300 ℃, and the sintering time is 0.5 to 3 hours.
5. The method for producing a bipolar plate for a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 3, wherein the baking temperature in the step (2) is 200 ℃ to 500 ℃, the sintering temperature in the step (5) is 900 ℃ to 1300 ℃, and the sintering time is 0.5 to 3 hours.
6. A bipolar plate for a hydrogen fuel cell, wherein the bipolar plate for a hydrogen fuel cell is prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 5.
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| DE102022200621A1 (en) | 2022-01-20 | 2023-07-20 | Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Process for manufacturing a contact plate |
| CN114784308A (en) * | 2022-04-14 | 2022-07-22 | 广东氢发新材料科技有限公司 | Preparation method of proton exchange membrane fuel cell bipolar plate |
| CN115000442A (en) * | 2022-06-08 | 2022-09-02 | 深圳市氢瑞燃料电池科技有限公司 | Fuel cell bipolar plate and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1472833A (en) * | 2003-05-22 | 2004-02-04 | 上海交通大学 | High-per formance carbon material preparing method by water-base curtain coating technology |
| CN102074714A (en) * | 2010-12-17 | 2011-05-25 | 湖南大学 | Method for preparing fuel cell bipolar plate by using transition metal-graphite interlayer complex as filler |
| CN104355303A (en) * | 2014-10-22 | 2015-02-18 | 合肥杰事杰新材料股份有限公司 | Carbon film with high conductivity and heat conduction and forming process therefor |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1472833A (en) * | 2003-05-22 | 2004-02-04 | 上海交通大学 | High-per formance carbon material preparing method by water-base curtain coating technology |
| CN102074714A (en) * | 2010-12-17 | 2011-05-25 | 湖南大学 | Method for preparing fuel cell bipolar plate by using transition metal-graphite interlayer complex as filler |
| CN104355303A (en) * | 2014-10-22 | 2015-02-18 | 合肥杰事杰新材料股份有限公司 | Carbon film with high conductivity and heat conduction and forming process therefor |
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