CN118294306A - Test device integrating vibration rolling and rolling cutting combined rock breaking - Google Patents
Test device integrating vibration rolling and rolling cutting combined rock breaking Download PDFInfo
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- CN118294306A CN118294306A CN202410729425.XA CN202410729425A CN118294306A CN 118294306 A CN118294306 A CN 118294306A CN 202410729425 A CN202410729425 A CN 202410729425A CN 118294306 A CN118294306 A CN 118294306A
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 251
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 19
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a test device integrating vibration rolling and rolling cutting into a combined rock breaking, and belongs to the technical field of rock breaking equipment. The rock breaking device comprises a frame, a rock breaking assembly, a rock fixing frame and a control and sensor assembly, wherein the rock breaking assembly is connected to one side of the frame, the rock fixing frame is connected to the other side of the frame, and the control and sensor assembly is connected with the rock breaking assembly and the rock fixing frame. The second hydraulic power set moves to drive the cross hinge and the hinged plate to rotate and the telescopic sleeve to slide, so that the angle and the position of the cutter disc are adjusted; the motor drives the eccentric block in the supporting sleeve to make the cutterhead vibrate, so that the vibration rolling rock breaking of the cutterhead is realized; the cutter head rotates while vibrating, rolling and crushing the rock, so that the rock is crushed by rolling and cutting; the test device provided by the invention can realize vibration rolling and cutting combined rock breaking, overcomes the tensile strength of rock in a rock breaking mode, reduces the abrasion degree of the cutter disc, and verifies the feasibility of the vibration rolling and cutting combined rock breaking method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rock breaking equipment, in particular to a test device integrating vibration rolling and rolling cutting into a combined rock breaking.
Background
The tunneling speed of a roadway in mining is an important factor for limiting the improvement of production efficiency for a long time, the problem is more remarkable in the hard rock tunneling working condition, the problems are mainly represented by high surrounding rock strength, large cutting load, low cutting efficiency, serious pick loss and the like, the cutting part of the heading machine is a part for directly cutting rock, and the cutting efficiency and reliability of the cutting part directly determine the performance of the heading machine. Three improvement approaches mainly exist for solving the problems faced by the hard rock cutting, namely, the strength and the wear resistance of the cutting pick are improved; secondly, designing large-scale heading machine equipment, and improving the installed power; and thirdly, converting a cutting mode. In the prior art, in the aspect of improving the strength and the wear resistance of the cutting pick, hard alloy is mostly inlaid at the tip of the cutting pick, but the hard alloy is easy to fall off and lose efficacy due to quicker wear of a tooth handle in the cutting process of hard rock; in addition, due to the roadway space, the designable heading machine has limited volume and the installed power is difficult to increase. Therefore, neither the first nor the second described manner is feasible.
The scheme capable of changing the cutting mode in the prior art is a TBM hob rock breaking method and a cutting pick rock breaking method. Hob breaking and pick breaking are common mechanical breaking methods, but both methods have some drawbacks: the TBM hob rock breaking method has no vibration excitation, but breaks rock by applying larger extrusion force, the method is suitable for harder rock, the maximum cutting strength exceeds f25 (generally expressed in megapascals), the method is possibly limited by the rock type, the requirement on power of a development machine is strict due to the need of applying larger extrusion force, a high-power development machine is needed, the requirement on working space is larger, and the cutting pick is easy to wear in the rock breaking process; the cutting pick rock breaking method has no vibration excitation, cannot be applied to rocks with larger strength, is generally applied to rocks with the maximum cutting strength f7 or lower, has lower working efficiency, is easy to generate noise and vibration, has larger space requirement, and is easy to cause the abrasion of the cutting pick. The TBM hob rock breaking method and the cutting pick rock breaking method are based on the compact nuclear principle, so that the aim of overcoming the compressive strength of the rock is achieved, however, the compressive strength of the rock is strong, larger cutting force is needed, and the cutter head used by the heading machine is seriously worn.
In summary, since the tensile strength of the rock is far smaller than the compressive strength of the rock, a novel rock breaking technology is necessary to be provided, so as to overcome the tensile strength of the rock and reduce the abrasion degree of the cutterhead.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a test device integrating vibration rolling and cutting into a combined rock breaking way, so as to verify the feasibility of the combined rock breaking method integrating vibration rolling and cutting, which can overcome the tensile strength of the rock and reduce the abrasion degree of a cutter head. The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
The test device for rock breaking by combining vibration rolling and rolling cutting comprises a frame, a rock breaking assembly, a rock fixing frame and a control and sensor assembly, wherein the rock breaking assembly is connected to one side of the frame, the rock fixing frame is connected to the other side of the frame, and the control and sensor assembly is connected with the rock breaking assembly and the rock fixing frame; the frame is used for fixedly supporting the rock breaking assembly, the rock fixing frame and the control and sensor assembly, the rock breaking assembly is used for breaking rock, the rock fixing frame is used for fixing rock, and the control and sensor assembly is used for providing a plurality of measuring point sensors and controlling the movement of the frame and the rock breaking assembly; the rock breaking assembly comprises a cutter disc, a supporting sleeve, a cutting sleeve, a plurality of first adjusting cylinder seats, a cross hinge, a hinge sleeve, a telescopic sleeve, a plurality of second adjusting cylinder seats, a fixed sleeve, a connecting frame, a motor, an eccentric block, a plurality of second hydraulic power groups and four hinge plates, wherein the bottom of the connecting frame is connected with the control and sensor assembly, the fixed sleeve is fixed at the top of the connecting frame, one end of the telescopic sleeve is slidably connected in the fixed sleeve, the other end of the telescopic sleeve is connected with one end of the hinge sleeve, one end of two hinge plates is connected with the other end of the hinge sleeve, one end of the other two hinge plates is connected with one end of the cutting sleeve, the other ends of four hinge plates are connected with the cross hinge, the motor is arranged in the cutting sleeve, the other end of the cutting sleeve is connected with one end of the supporting sleeve, the eccentric block is arranged in the supporting sleeve, one end of the eccentric block is connected with the motor, and the other end of the supporting sleeve is connected with the cutter disc; the circumference of the second adjusting cylinder seat is fixed on the circumference of the fixed sleeve, the circumference of the first adjusting cylinder seat is fixed on the circumference of the cutting sleeve, one end of the second hydraulic power unit is connected with the second adjusting cylinder seat, and the other end of the second hydraulic power unit is connected with the first adjusting cylinder seat.
Optionally, the rock breaking assembly further comprises a limiting pin, and two ends of the limiting pin vertically penetrate through the telescopic sleeve and are connected with the fixed sleeve.
Optionally, the top and the bottom of the fixed sleeve are connected with a boss, the two bosses are respectively penetrated by a first through hole, and the limiting pin is vertically inserted in the first through holes; the top and the bottom of one end of the telescopic sleeve are provided with sliding grooves, the limiting pin penetrates through the two sliding grooves, and the limiting pin is used for limiting the movement of the telescopic sleeve in the horizontal direction; the fixed sleeve is internally provided with a hoop, the periphery of the hoop is connected with a wedge-shaped ring, the outer wall of the telescopic sleeve is sleeved in the hoop, and the hoop and the wedge-shaped ring are used for limiting the movement of the telescopic sleeve in the vertical direction.
Optionally, the rack comprises a rock base, a first sensor base, a connecting frame, two slideway plates, a second sensor base, an equipment base, a first hydraulic power set, an oil cylinder fixing plate, a first translation oil cylinder base and a second translation oil cylinder base, wherein the rock base is fixed on one side of the connecting frame, the rock base is connected with the first sensor base, the equipment base is fixed on the other side of the connecting frame, two sides of the equipment base are provided with a plurality of second through holes, the two slideway plates are respectively connected on two sides of the equipment base through the plurality of second through holes, the second sensor base is connected on the inner sides of the two slideway plates in a sliding manner, one end of the second sensor base is connected with the second translation oil cylinder base below the second translation oil cylinder base, one end of the equipment base is fixed on the oil cylinder fixing plate, the first translation oil cylinder base is connected with the oil cylinder fixing plate, the first hydraulic power set is positioned on the inner sides of the two slideway plates, one end of the first hydraulic power set is connected with the first translation oil cylinder base, and the other end of the first hydraulic power set is connected with the first translation oil cylinder base; the first sensor mount and the second sensor mount are both connected with the control and sensor assembly.
Optionally, the rock base comprises two first short I-steel and two first long I-steel, wherein one first long I-steel is connected with one side of the connecting frame, the equipment base comprises two second short I-steel and two second long I-steel, and one second long I-steel is connected with the other side of the connecting frame.
Optionally, the rock fixing frame comprises a rock frame, four side pre-tightening plates, a rock sample and a plurality of wrenches, the rock frame is composed of a plurality of trusses with different lengths, the rock sample is placed in the rock frame, a plurality of nuts are fixed on the top surface, the front side surface, the rear side surface and one side, which is far away from the rock breaking assembly, of the rock frame, threads are arranged at one end of the periphery of the wrenches, one end of the wrenches is connected with the nuts in a threaded manner, one side pre-tightening plate is fixed on one end of the wrenches, which is far away from the rock breaking assembly, of the rock frame, and one side pre-tightening plate is fixed on one end of the wrenches, which is far away from the rock breaking assembly, of the rock frame; the bottom of the rock frame is connected with the control and sensor assembly.
Optionally, the cutter head includes cutter and base, the one end butt of cutter the rock specimen, the other end of cutter rotationally connects the one end of base, the other end of base with the other end of supporting sleeve is connected.
Optionally, the control and sensor assembly includes a first six-axis sensor, a second six-axis sensor and a controller, the first sensor base is provided with a third through hole, the bottom of the first six-axis sensor is installed in the third through hole, the second sensor base is provided with a fourth through hole, the bottom of the second six-axis sensor is installed in the fourth through hole, the first six-axis sensor is used for collecting the force and the direction received by the rock fixing frame in the rock breaking process, the second six-axis sensor is used for collecting the force and the direction received by the rock breaking assembly in the rock breaking process, and the controller is connected to the frame and is electrically connected with the motor, the first hydraulic power set and the second hydraulic power set and used for controlling the motor, the first hydraulic power set and the second hydraulic power set; the top of the first six-axis sensor is connected with the bottom of the rock frame, and the top of the second six-axis sensor is connected with the bottom of the connecting rack.
Optionally, the rock breaking assembly further comprises two rolling bearings, and two ends of the eccentric block are respectively fixed in the supporting sleeve through the two rolling bearings.
Optionally, the first hydraulic power unit is a first hydraulic cylinder, a piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder is connected with the first translation cylinder base, and a cylinder body of the first hydraulic cylinder is connected with the second translation cylinder base; the second hydraulic power sets are all second hydraulic cylinders, piston rods of the second hydraulic cylinders are all connected with the first adjusting cylinder bases, and cylinder bodies of the second hydraulic cylinders are all connected with the second adjusting cylinder bases.
All the above optional technical solutions can be arbitrarily combined, and the detailed description of the structures after one-to-one combination is omitted.
By means of the scheme, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
One ends of the second hydraulic power groups are connected to the periphery of the fixed sleeve, and the other ends of the second hydraulic power groups are connected to the periphery of the cutting sleeve; simultaneously, the cutting sleeve is driven to change the angle under the action of the hinging sleeve, the cross hinges and the four hinged plates, so that the angle of the cutter disc is adjusted; the eccentric block is arranged in the supporting sleeve, and the motor drives the eccentric block to rotate, so that the cutterhead vibrates, and further vibration rolling rock breaking movement of the cutterhead is realized; the cutter head is driven to rotate while vibrating, rolling and crushing the rock, so that the rock is crushed by rolling and cutting; the test device provided by the invention can realize the vibration rolling and rolling-cutting combined rock breaking of the cutter head, overcomes the tensile strength of the rock in a rock breaking mode, reduces the abrasion degree of the cutter head, and verifies the feasibility of the vibration rolling and rolling-cutting combined rock breaking method.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the present invention, and is intended to provide a better understanding of the present invention, as it is embodied in the following description, with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the connection of the cutting sleeve, cross hinge and hinge sleeve of the present invention at a first view angle;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the connection of the cutting sleeve, cross hinge and hinge sleeve in a second view angle according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a cross hinge according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of FIG. 4 at A;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a frame in the present invention;
fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a cutterhead in accordance with the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. a frame; 101. a rock base; 102. a first sensor mount; 103. a connecting frame; 104. a slideway plate; 105. a second sensor mount; 106. an equipment base; 107. a first hydraulic power pack; 108. an oil cylinder fixing plate; 109. a first translation cylinder base; 110. a second translational cylinder mount; 2. a rock breaking assembly; 201. a cutterhead; 2011. a cutter; 2012. a base; 202. a support sleeve; 203. cutting the sleeve; 204. a first adjusting cylinder seat; 205. a cross hinge; 2051. a fixed block; 2052. a rotating disc; 206. a hinged sleeve; 207. a telescoping sleeve; 208. a second adjusting cylinder seat; 209. a fixed sleeve; 210. a limiting pin; 211. the connecting frame; 212. a motor; 213. an eccentric block; 214. a rolling bearing; 215. a second hydraulic power pack; 216. a hoop; 217. a wedge ring; 218. a hinged plate; 3. a rock fixing frame; 301. a rock frame; 302. a side pre-tightening plate; 303. a rock sample; 304. a wrench; 4. a control and sensor assembly; 401. a first six-axis sensor; 402. and a second six-axis sensor.
Detailed Description
The following describes in further detail the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples are illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the test device for combined vibration rolling and rolling cutting rock breaking provided by the invention comprises a frame 1, a rock breaking assembly 2, a rock fixing frame 3 and a control and sensor assembly 4, wherein the rock breaking assembly 2 is connected to one side of the frame 1, the rock fixing frame 3 is connected to the other side of the frame 1, and the control and sensor assembly 4 is connected with both the rock breaking assembly 2 and the rock fixing frame 3; the frame 1 is used for fixedly supporting the rock breaking assembly 2, the rock fixing frame 3 and the control and sensor assembly 4, the rock breaking assembly 2 is used for breaking rock, the rock fixing frame 3 is used for fixing rock, and the control and sensor assembly 4 is used for providing a multi-measuring-point sensor and controlling the movement of the frame 1 and the rock breaking assembly 2; the rock breaking assembly 2 comprises a cutter 201, a supporting sleeve 202, a cutting sleeve 203, a plurality of first adjusting cylinder seats 204, a cross hinge 205, a hinged sleeve 206, a telescopic sleeve 207, a plurality of second adjusting cylinder seats 208, a fixed sleeve 209, a connecting frame 211, a motor 212, an eccentric block 213, a plurality of second hydraulic power sets 215 and four hinged plates 218, wherein the bottom of the connecting frame 211 is connected with the control and sensor assembly 4, the fixed sleeve 209 is fixed at the top of the connecting frame 211, one end of the telescopic sleeve 207 is slidably connected in the fixed sleeve 209, the other end of the telescopic sleeve 207 is connected with one end of the hinged sleeve 206, one end of two hinged plates 218 is connected with the other end of the hinged sleeve 206, one end of the other two hinged plates 218 is connected with one end of the cutting sleeve 203, the other ends of the four hinged plates 218 are all connected with the cross hinge 205, a motor 212 is arranged in the cutting sleeve 203, the other end of the cutting sleeve 203 is connected with one end of the supporting sleeve 202, the other end of the supporting sleeve 203 is connected with the other end of the eccentric block 213, and the eccentric block 213 is connected with one end of the supporting sleeve 202; the second adjusting cylinder bases 208 are circumferentially fixed on the outer circumference of the fixing sleeve 209, the first adjusting cylinder bases 204 are circumferentially fixed on the outer circumference of the cutting sleeve 203, one ends of the second hydraulic power groups 215 are respectively connected with the second adjusting cylinder bases 208, and the other ends of the second hydraulic power groups 215 are respectively connected with the first adjusting cylinder bases 204.
Specifically, the number of the second hydraulic power unit 215, the first adjusting cylinder base 204 and the second adjusting cylinder base 208 in the present invention is four.
In a specific embodiment, the connecting frame 211 is connected to the control and sensor assembly 4 through bolts, the connecting frame 211 is Y-shaped, and the fixing sleeve 209 is connected between the upper half parts of the connecting frame 211 through bolts; one end of two hinge plates 218 is welded to the other end of the hinge sleeve 206, and one end of the other two hinge plates 218 is welded to one end of the cutting sleeve 203; one end of the eccentric block 213 is connected with the motor 212 by a coupler; the four second adjustment cylinder bases 208 are welded on the periphery of the fixed sleeve 209, the four first adjustment cylinder bases 204 are welded on the periphery of the cutting sleeve 203, one ends of the four second hydraulic power groups 215 are connected to the four second adjustment cylinder bases 208 through bolts, and the other ends of the four second hydraulic power groups 215 are connected to the four first adjustment cylinder bases 204 through bolts; the other end of the telescopic sleeve 207 is welded with a first flange, one end of the hinge sleeve 206 is welded with a second flange, and the first flange is connected with the second flange through bolts; the other end of the cutting sleeve 203 is welded with a third flange, the outer wall of the supporting sleeve 202 close to the other end is welded with a fourth flange, and the third flange is connected with the fourth flange through bolts; the other end of the supporting sleeve 202 is provided with a plurality of threaded holes, one end of the cutterhead 201 is welded with a fifth flange, and the fifth flange is connected with the other end of the supporting sleeve 202 through screws.
As shown in fig. 7, the cross hinge 205 includes a fixed block 2051 and four rotary disks 2052, the four rotary disks 2052 are rotatably connected to the front side, rear side, top and bottom surfaces of the fixed block 2051, respectively, one end of the cutting sleeve 203 is connected to the two rotary disks 2052 located at the front side and rear side of the fixed block 2051 through two hinge plates 218, and the other end of the hinge sleeve 206 is connected to the two rotary disks 2052 located at the top and bottom surfaces of the fixed block 2051 through two hinge plates 218; when the plurality of second hydraulic power packs 215 perform telescopic motions, the cutter sleeve 203 may be respectively moved up and down and left and right along the four rotary disks 2052 of the cross hinge 205, thereby changing the angle of the cutter head 201.
It should be noted that, in order to prevent the cross hinge 205 from affecting the hinge sleeve 206 and the cutting sleeve 203 during movement, the position of the cross hinge 205 needs to be hollowed out, and the cross hinge 205 is used for adjusting the direction of the cutter 201 and has a damping effect.
One end of the plurality of second hydraulic power groups 215 is connected to the periphery of the fixed sleeve 209, and the other end of the plurality of second hydraulic power groups 215 is connected to the periphery of the cutting sleeve 203, so that when the plurality of second hydraulic power groups 215 move together, the telescopic sleeve 207 is driven to horizontally move in the fixed sleeve 209, and the position of the cutter 201 in the horizontal direction is adjusted; simultaneously, the cutting sleeve 203 is driven to change the angle under the action of the hinge sleeve 206, the cross hinge 205 and the four hinge plates 218, so that the angle of the cutter 201 is adjusted; by installing the eccentric block 213 in the supporting sleeve 202, the motor 212 drives the eccentric block 213 to rotate, so that the cutter 201 vibrates, and further the vibration rolling rock breaking movement of the cutter 201 is realized; the cutter 201 is driven to rotate while vibrating, rolling and crushing the rock, so that the rock is crushed by rolling and cutting; the test device provided by the invention can realize the combined vibration rolling and cutting rock breaking of the cutter 201, the rock breaking method overcomes the tensile strength of rock in a rock breaking mode, reduces the abrasion degree of the cutter 201, and verifies the feasibility of the combined vibration rolling and cutting rock breaking method.
Optionally, the rock breaking assembly further comprises a limiting pin 210, and two ends of the limiting pin 210 vertically penetrate through the telescopic sleeve 207 and are connected with the fixing sleeve 209.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 8, the top and the bottom of the fixing sleeve 209 are connected with a boss, the two bosses penetrate through a first through hole, and the limiting pin 210 is vertically inserted into the first through hole; the top and the bottom of one end of the telescopic sleeve 207 are provided with sliding grooves, the limiting pin 210 penetrates through the two sliding grooves, and the limiting pin 210 is used for limiting the movement of the telescopic sleeve 207 in the horizontal direction; a hoop 216 is installed in the fixed sleeve 209, a wedge-shaped ring 217 is connected to the periphery of the hoop 216, the outer wall of the telescopic sleeve 207 is sleeved in the hoop 216, and the hoop 216 and the wedge-shaped ring 217 are used for limiting the movement of the telescopic sleeve 207 in the vertical direction.
In a specific embodiment, threads are arranged in the first through hole, and the limiting pin 210 is in threaded connection in the first through hole; since the stopper pin 210 penetrates through the two sliding grooves at the top and bottom of the telescopic sleeve 207, the stopper pin 210 restricts the range of the horizontal sliding of the telescopic sleeve 207 when the telescopic sleeve 207 horizontally slides in the fixed sleeve 209.
Optionally, the rack 1 includes a rock base 101, a first sensor base 102, a connecting frame 103, two slide plates 104, a second sensor base 105, an equipment base 106, a first hydraulic power set 107, an oil cylinder fixing plate 108, a first translation oil cylinder base 109 and a second translation oil cylinder base 110, where the rock base 101 is fixed on one side of the connecting frame 103, the rock base 101 is connected with the first sensor base 102, the equipment base 106 is fixed on the other side of the connecting frame 103, two sides of the equipment base 106 are provided with a plurality of second through holes, two slide plates 104 are respectively connected on two sides of the equipment base 106 through a plurality of second through holes, the second sensor base 105 is slidably connected on the inner sides of the two slide plates 104, one end of the second sensor base 105 is connected with the second translation oil cylinder base 110, one end of the equipment base 106 is fixed with the oil cylinder fixing plate 108, the first translation oil cylinder base 109 is connected with the oil cylinder fixing plate 108, the first power set 104 is located on the inner side of the two slide plates 107, and the other end of the second power set 107 is connected with the second hydraulic power set 107; the first sensor mount 102 and the second sensor mount 105 are both connected to the control and sensor assembly 4.
In a specific embodiment, both sides of the connecting frame 103 are welded and fixed on the rock base 101 and the equipment base 106; the first sensor mount 102 is welded to the rock mount 101; both chute boards 104 are connected to the device base 106 by bolts and second through holes; the second translation cylinder mount 110 is welded below one end of the second sensor mount 105; the oil cylinder fixing plate 108 is welded at one end of the equipment base 106; the first translation cylinder base 109 is connected to the cylinder fixing plate 108 by bolts; the first hydraulic power unit 107 is welded below the second sensor base 105, and two ends of the first hydraulic power unit 107 are respectively connected to the first translation cylinder base 109 and the second translation cylinder base 110 through bolts.
The two slide plates 104 have a positioning and guiding function for the second sensor base 105; the first hydraulic power unit 107 can drive the second sensor base 105 to move back and forth, so as to drive the rock breaking assembly 2 to move back and forth.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 9, the rock base 101 is composed of two first short i-beams and two first long i-beams, wherein one of the first long i-beams is connected to one side of the connecting frame 103, and the equipment base 106 is composed of two second short i-beams and two second long i-beams, wherein one of the second long i-beams is connected to the other side of the connecting frame 103. The I-steel has the advantages of high hardness, good bending resistance, difficult bending, better bearing capacity, simpler manufacturing and lower cost.
Optionally, the rock fixing frame 3 includes a rock frame 301, four side pre-tightening plates 302, a rock sample 303 and a plurality of wrenches 304, the rock frame 301 is composed of a plurality of trusses with different lengths, the rock sample 303 is placed in the rock frame 301, a plurality of nuts are fixed on the top surface, the front side surface, the back side surface and the side facing away from the rock breaking assembly 2 of the rock frame 301, one end of each of the wrenches 304 is provided with threads, one end of each of the wrenches 304 is in threaded connection with the plurality of nuts, one end of each of the wrenches 304 on the top of the rock frame 301 is fixed with one of the side pre-tightening plates 302, one end of each of the wrenches 304 on the back side surface of the rock frame 301 is fixed with one of the side pre-tightening plates 302, one end of each of the wrenches 304 on the side facing away from the rock breaking assembly 2 of the rock frame 301 is fixed with one of the side pre-tightening plates 302 for fixing the rock sample 303; the bottom of the rock frame 301 is connected to the control and sensor assembly 4.
In a specific embodiment, the plurality of wrenches 304 are welded to the four side pre-tightening plates 302, and when the rock sample 303 is placed in the rock frame 301, the four side pre-tightening plates 302 are tightened against the top surface, the front side surface, the rear side surface and the side surface facing away from the rock breaking assembly 2 of the rock sample 303 by rotating the plurality of wrenches 304, thereby clamping the rock sample 303.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 10, the cutterhead 201 includes a cutter 2011 and a base 2012, one end of the cutter 2011 abuts against the rock sample 303, the other end of the cutter 2011 is rotatably connected to one end of the base 2012, and the other end of the base 2012 is connected to the other end of the supporting sleeve 202.
In the embodiment, one end of the cutter 2011 is subjected to external force such as friction force on the surface of the rock sample 303 while vibrating, rolling and breaking the rock on the surface of the rock sample 303, and the cutter 2011 can rotate along the base 2012, so that the rock is rolled, cut and broken by the cutter 201 on the rock sample 303. The cutter 2011 is rotated by external force, so that the cutter 2011 can be ensured to be uniformly worn in the rock breaking process, and the service life of the cutter 2011 is prolonged.
Optionally, the control and sensor assembly 4 includes a first six-axis sensor 401, a second six-axis sensor 402 and a controller, the first sensor base 102 is provided with a third through hole, the bottom of the first six-axis sensor 401 is installed in the third through hole, the second sensor base 105 is provided with a fourth through hole, the bottom of the second six-axis sensor 402 is installed in the fourth through hole, the first six-axis sensor 401 is used for collecting the force and the direction of the rock fixing frame 3 during the rock breaking process, the second six-axis sensor 402 is used for collecting the force and the direction of the rock breaking assembly 2 during the rock breaking process, and the controller is connected to the frame 1 and is electrically connected with the motor 212, the first hydraulic power set 107 and the second hydraulic power set 215, and is used for controlling the motor 212, the first hydraulic power set 107 and the second hydraulic power set 215; the top of the first six-axis sensor 401 is connected with the bottom of the rock frame 301, and the top of the second six-axis sensor 402 is connected with the bottom of the connection frame 211.
Specifically, the controller in the present invention may be a controller commonly found in the prior art, such as a PLC.
In a specific embodiment, the bottom of the first six-axis sensor 401 and the bottom of the second six-axis sensor 402 are respectively connected to the first sensor base 102 and the second sensor base 105 by bolts; the top of the first six-axis sensor 401 and the top of the second six-axis sensor 402 are connected to the bottom of the rock frame 301 and the bottom of the connection frame 211 by bolts, respectively.
Optionally, the rock breaking assembly 2 further includes two rolling bearings 214, and two ends of the eccentric block 213 are fixed in the support sleeve 202 through the two rolling bearings 214, respectively.
Optionally, the first hydraulic power unit 107 is a first hydraulic cylinder, a piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder is connected with the first translation cylinder base 109, and a cylinder body of the first hydraulic cylinder is connected with the second translation cylinder base 110; the second hydraulic power units 215 are all second hydraulic cylinders, piston rods of the second hydraulic cylinders are all connected with the first adjusting cylinder bases 204, and cylinder bodies of the second hydraulic cylinders are all connected with the second adjusting cylinder bases 208.
Specifically, the number of the first hydraulic cylinders and the number of the second hydraulic cylinders in the invention are four.
In the specific embodiment, the controller controls the first hydraulic cylinder to start, the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder performs telescopic movement, and as the cylinder body of the first hydraulic cylinder is fixed below the second sensor base 105, when the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder stretches out, the second sensor base 105 is driven to move backwards, so that the rock breaking assembly 2 is driven to move backwards; when the piston rod of the first hydraulic oil cylinder is retracted, the second sensor base 105 is driven to move forwards, so that the rock breaking assembly 2 is driven to move forwards; because the cylinder body of the second hydraulic cylinder is connected to the second adjusting cylinder seat 208 of the fixed sleeve 209, the piston rods of the second hydraulic cylinder are connected to the first adjusting cylinder seat 204 of the cutting sleeve 203, and when the controller controls the four second hydraulic cylinders to start, the piston rods of the four second hydraulic cylinders simultaneously perform telescopic movement, so that the cutting sleeve 203, the fixed block 2051, the rotating disk 2052, the hinge plate 218 and the telescopic sleeve 207 can be driven to move.
In a specific implementation, when the piston rods of two second hydraulic cylinders located at the top of the fixed sleeve 209 of the four second hydraulic cylinders extend simultaneously, and the piston rods of two second hydraulic cylinders located at the bottom of the fixed sleeve 209 retract simultaneously, one end of the cutting sleeve 203 is driven to rotate downwards along two rotating discs 2052 on the front side and the rear side of the fixed block 2051, so as to drive the cutterhead 201 to move downwards.
When the piston rods of two second hydraulic cylinders positioned at the top of the fixed sleeve 209 in the four second hydraulic cylinders are simultaneously retracted, and the piston rods of two second hydraulic cylinders positioned at the bottom of the fixed sleeve 209 are simultaneously extended, one end of the cutting sleeve 203 is driven to rotate upwards along the two rotating discs 2052 on the front side surface and the rear side surface of the fixed block 2051, so that the cutter 201 is driven to move upwards.
When the piston rods of two second hydraulic cylinders located at the top and bottom of one side surface of the fixed sleeve 209 extend simultaneously, and the piston rods of two second hydraulic cylinders located at the top and bottom of the other side surface of the fixed sleeve 209 retract simultaneously, one end of the cutting sleeve 203 and the fixed block 2051 rotate along the two rotating discs 2052 on the top and bottom surfaces of the fixed block 2051 to the front side surface, so as to drive the cutterhead 201 to move to the left side of the surface of the abutted rock sample 303.
When the piston rods of two second hydraulic cylinders located at the top and bottom of one side surface of the fixed sleeve 209 are simultaneously retracted, and the piston rods of two second hydraulic cylinders located at the top and bottom of the other side surface of the fixed sleeve 209 are simultaneously extended, one end of the cutting sleeve 203 and the fixed block 2051 rotate to the rear side surface along two rotating discs 2052 on the top and bottom surfaces of the fixed block 2051, so as to drive the cutterhead 201 to move to the right side of the surface of the abutted rock sample 303.
When the piston rods of the four second hydraulic cylinders extend simultaneously, the telescopic sleeves 207 in the fixed sleeves 209 extend outwards, so that the cutting sleeve 203 is driven to move towards the direction approaching the rock sample 303, and the cutter 201 is driven to approach the rock sample 303.
When the piston rods of the four second hydraulic cylinders are retracted simultaneously, the telescopic sleeve 207 in the fixed sleeve 209 is retracted inwards, so that the cutting sleeve 203 is driven to move in a direction away from the rock sample 303, and the cutter 201 is driven to move away from the rock sample 303.
The specific implementation mode of the invention is as follows: when a combined vibration rolling and rolling cutting rock breaking test is carried out, a rock sample 303 is placed in a rock frame 301, a spanner 304 is rotated to clamp the rock sample 303, a controller controls a motor 212, a first hydraulic power set 107 and a second hydraulic power set 215 to start, piston rods of the second hydraulic power set 215 perform telescopic movement to control movement among a cutting sleeve 203, a cross hinge 205 and four hinged plates 218, so that the angle of a cutter disc 201 is adjusted, and the piston rods of the second hydraulic power set 215 stretch and retract and simultaneously drive the telescopic sleeve 207 to horizontally move in a fixed sleeve 209, so that the cutter disc 201 is driven to be close to the rock sample 303 or far away from the rock sample 303, and the horizontal position of the cutter disc 201 is adjusted; starting the expansion and contraction of the piston rod of the first hydraulic power unit 107 to drive the rock breaking assembly 2 to move back and forth, so as to adjust the position of the cutter 201 close to the rock sample 303; starting a motor 212 to drive an eccentric block 213 in the supporting sleeve 202 to rotate and induce vibration, so that the cutter 201 vibrates; the vibration rolling motion is carried out on the surface of the rock sample 303 through the vibration of the cutter head 201, and meanwhile, the cutter head 201 is driven to rotate to roll and break rock; in the test process, data of the first six-axis sensor 401 and the second six-axis sensor 402 are acquired by using a data acquisition card and are uploaded to a PC end, the mechanical properties of rock breaking are obtained through analysis, and the rock sample 303 can be effectively broken through the test device, so that the feasibility of the combined rock breaking method integrating vibration rolling and rolling cutting is verified.
The working principle of the vibration rolling rock breaking in the invention is as follows: the eccentric mass 213 is powered by the motor 212 such that the eccentric mass 213 induces vibrations in the support sleeve 202, which vibrations are transmitted through the cutterhead 201 into the rock sample 303; the vibration causes stress accumulation in the rock sample 303, and when the vibration acts on the rock sample 303, particles inside the rock sample 303 are relatively displaced, so that elastic potential energy is accumulated; as vibration continues to be applied, the stress within the rock sample 303 increases, and when the stress reaches the fracture limit of the rock sample 303, the internal structure of the rock sample 303 begins to collapse; when the stress builds up sufficiently, the rock sample 303 begins to fracture, during which cracks within the rock sample 303 propagate and propagate rapidly along the weakest path, overcoming the tensile strength of the rock sample 303; the rock sample 303 is broken, and the energy generated by vibration causes the broken fragments of the rock sample 303 to be separated, so that the fragments can be discharged from the rock breaking position through an external mechanical device, and the rock breaking work of the rock sample 303 is completed by vibration rolling.
According to the invention, the rock is crushed by utilizing the vibration rolling and rolling cutting motions of the cutter 201, the characteristic of low tensile strength of the rock is fully utilized, the cutting load is reduced, and the rock crushing efficiency of hard rock is effectively improved.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and it should be noted that it is possible for those skilled in the art to make several improvements and modifications without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. Test device that gathers vibration roll extrusion and roll cutting to jointly break rock, characterized in that includes:
the rock breaking device comprises a frame (1), a rock breaking assembly (2), a rock fixing frame (3) and a control and sensor assembly (4), wherein the rock breaking assembly (2) is connected to one side of the frame (1), the rock fixing frame (3) is connected to the other side of the frame (1), and the control and sensor assembly (4) is connected with the rock breaking assembly (2) and the rock fixing frame (3);
-the frame (1) is adapted to fixedly support the rock breaking assembly (2), the rock holder (3) and the control and sensor assembly (4), the rock breaking assembly (2) being adapted to break rock, the rock holder (3) being adapted to hold rock, the control and sensor assembly (4) being adapted to provide a multi-measuring-point sensor and to control the movement of the frame (1) and the rock breaking assembly (2);
The rock breaking assembly (2) comprises a cutter head (201), a supporting sleeve (202), a cutting sleeve (203), a plurality of first adjusting cylinder seats (204), a cross hinge (205), a hinge sleeve (206), a telescopic sleeve (207), a plurality of second adjusting cylinder seats (208), a fixed sleeve (209), a connecting frame (211), a motor (212), an eccentric block (213), a plurality of second hydraulic power groups (215) and four hinged plates (218), wherein the bottom of the connecting frame (211) is connected with the control and sensor assembly (4), the fixed sleeve (209) is fixed at the top of the connecting frame (211), one end of the telescopic sleeve (207) is slidably connected in the fixed sleeve (209), the other end of the telescopic sleeve (207) is connected with one end of the hinge sleeve (206), one end of two hinged plates (218) is connected with one end of the hinge sleeve (206), one end of the other two hinged plates (218) is connected with one end of the cutting sleeve (203), the other end of the four hinged plates (218) is connected with one end of the cross sleeve (203) of the other end of the telescopic sleeve (207) which is connected with the other end of the cutting sleeve (203), the eccentric block (213) is arranged in the supporting sleeve (202), one end of the eccentric block (213) is connected with the motor (212), and the other end of the supporting sleeve (202) is connected with the cutter head (201);
The circumference of a plurality of second adjustment hydro-cylinder seats (208) is fixed in the periphery of fixed sleeve (209), a plurality of first adjustment hydro-cylinder seat (204) circumference is fixed in the periphery of cutting sleeve (203), a plurality of one end of second hydraulic power unit (215) respectively with a plurality of second adjustment hydro-cylinder seat (208) are connected, a plurality of the other end of second hydraulic power unit (215) respectively with a plurality of first adjustment hydro-cylinder seat (204) are connected.
2. A test device for combined vibratory rolling and hobbing rock breaking according to claim 1, wherein the rock breaking assembly (2) further comprises: and two ends of the limiting pin (210) vertically penetrate through the telescopic sleeve (207) and are connected with the fixed sleeve (209).
3. The test device for combined vibration rolling and rolling cutting rock breaking according to claim 2, wherein the top and the bottom of the fixed sleeve (209) are connected with a boss, a first through hole is formed in each boss, and the limiting pin (210) is vertically inserted into the first through hole; the top and the bottom of one end of the telescopic sleeve (207) are provided with sliding grooves, the limiting pins (210) penetrate through the two sliding grooves, and the limiting pins (210) are used for limiting the movement of the telescopic sleeve (207) in the horizontal direction; install ferrule (216) in fixed sleeve (209), the periphery of ferrule (216) is connected with wedge circle (217), the outer wall cover of telescopic sleeve (207) is established in ferrule (216), ferrule (216) with wedge circle (217) are used for limiting the removal of telescopic sleeve (207) vertical direction.
4. Test device for combined vibration rolling and cutting rock breaking according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the frame (1) comprises: rock base (101), first sensor base (102), link (103), two slide plates (104), second sensor base (105), equipment base (106), first hydraulic power group (107), hydro-cylinder fixed plate (108), first translation hydro-cylinder base (109) and second translation hydro-cylinder base (110), rock base (101) are fixed in one side of link (103), be connected with first sensor base (102) on rock base (101), equipment base (106) are fixed in the opposite side of link (103), a plurality of second through-holes are seted up to both sides of equipment base (106), two slide plates (104) are connected respectively through a plurality of second through-holes in the both sides of equipment base (106), second sensor base (105) sliding connection is in the inboard of two slide plates (104), the one end below of second sensor base (105) is connected second translation hydro-cylinder base (110), equipment base (106) are connected in the opposite side of link (103), equipment base (106) are fixed in both sides of two slide plates (106), the fixed plate (108) are located in the both sides of equipment base (106), one end of the first hydraulic power unit (107) is connected with the first translation oil cylinder base (109), and the other end of the first hydraulic power unit (107) is connected with the second translation oil cylinder base (110);
The first sensor base (102) and the second sensor base (105) are both connected with the control and sensor assembly (4).
5. The test device for combined vibration rolling and rolling-cutting rock breaking according to claim 4, wherein the rock base (101) is composed of two first short I-beams and two first long I-beams, one of the first long I-beams is connected with one side of the connecting frame (103), and the equipment base (106) is composed of two second short I-beams and two second long I-beams, one of the second long I-beams is connected with the other side of the connecting frame (103).
6. Test device for combined vibration rolling and hobbing breaking according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the rock holder (3) comprises: the rock frame (301), four side pre-tightening plates (302), a rock sample (303) and a plurality of wrenches (304), wherein the rock frame (301) is composed of a plurality of trusses with different lengths, the rock sample (303) is placed in the rock frame (301), a plurality of nuts are fixed on the top surface, the front side surface, the rear side surface and one side, which is away from the rock breaking assembly (2), of the rock frame (301), one end of each wrench (304) is provided with threads, one end of each wrench (304) is in threaded connection with the corresponding nuts, one end of each wrench (304) is fixed on one side of each side pre-tightening plate (302), one end of each wrench (304) is fixed on the front side surface of the rock frame (301), one end of each wrench (304) is fixed on one side, which is away from the rock breaking assembly (2), of each wrench (304) is fixed on one side, which is away from the rock frame (301);
The bottom of the rock frame (301) is connected to the control and sensor assembly (4).
7. The test device for combined vibration rolling and cutting rock breaking according to claim 6, wherein the cutterhead (201) comprises: cutter (2011) and base (2012), the one end butt of cutter (2011) rock specimen (303), the other end of cutter (2011) rotationally connects the one end of base (2012), the other end of base (2012) with the other end of supporting sleeve (202) is connected.
8. A test device for combined vibratory rolling and slitting rock breaking according to claim 4, wherein the control and sensor assembly (4) comprises: the device comprises a first six-axis sensor (401), a second six-axis sensor (402) and a controller, wherein a third through hole is formed in a first sensor base (102), the bottom of the first six-axis sensor (401) is installed in the third through hole, a fourth through hole is formed in a second sensor base (105), the bottom of the second six-axis sensor (402) is installed in the fourth through hole, the first six-axis sensor (401) is used for collecting the force and the direction born by a rock fixing frame (3) in the rock breaking process, the second six-axis sensor (402) is used for collecting the force and the direction born by a rock breaking assembly (2) in the rock breaking process, and the controller is connected to the frame (1) and is electrically connected with a motor (212), a first hydraulic power set (107) and a second hydraulic power set (215) and used for controlling the motor (212), the first hydraulic power set (107) and the second hydraulic power set (215);
the top of the first six-axis sensor (401) is connected with the bottom of the rock frame (301), and the top of the second six-axis sensor (402) is connected with the bottom of the connecting rack (211).
9. Test device for combined vibration rolling and hobbing rock breaking according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the rock breaking assembly (2) further comprises: and two rolling bearings (214), wherein two ends of the eccentric block (213) are respectively fixed in the support sleeve (202) through the two rolling bearings (214).
10. The test device for combined vibration rolling and rolling-cutting rock breaking according to claim 4, wherein the first hydraulic power unit (107) is a first hydraulic cylinder, a piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder is connected with the first translation cylinder base (109), and a cylinder body of the first hydraulic cylinder is connected with the second translation cylinder base (110);
The second hydraulic power groups (215) are all second hydraulic cylinders, piston rods of the second hydraulic cylinders are all connected with the first adjusting cylinder bases (204), and cylinder bodies of the second hydraulic cylinders are all connected with the second adjusting cylinder bases (208).
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