CN118274335A - Coal-fired boiler system capable of deeply regulating peak and thermal power generation system - Google Patents

Coal-fired boiler system capable of deeply regulating peak and thermal power generation system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN118274335A
CN118274335A CN202211708097.2A CN202211708097A CN118274335A CN 118274335 A CN118274335 A CN 118274335A CN 202211708097 A CN202211708097 A CN 202211708097A CN 118274335 A CN118274335 A CN 118274335A
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China
Prior art keywords
ash
coal
absorber
fired
inclined plate
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CN202211708097.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
章颢缤
俞明锋
宓霄凌
王伊娜
周楷
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Zhejiang Cosin Solar CSP Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
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Zhejiang Cosin Solar CSP Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202211708097.2A priority Critical patent/CN118274335A/en
Publication of CN118274335A publication Critical patent/CN118274335A/en
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Abstract

The invention discloses a coal-fired boiler system capable of deep peak shaving and a thermal power generation system, wherein the coal-fired boiler system comprises: the coal-fired boiler system comprises a coal-fired hearth, an ash absorber and a waste heat boiler, wherein the coal-fired hearth is connected with the ash absorber through a guide flue, the ash absorber is connected with the waste heat boiler through a connecting flue, the ash absorber is connected with the ash storage system, and the ash storage system is connected with the coal-fired hearth. The system of the invention not only can realize the deep peak regulation of the thermal power generation system, but also adopts the heat storage medium with almost zero cost, and the ash absorber has simple structure and low cost, thereby greatly reducing the cost of the deep peak regulation reconstruction of the thermal power. And when the load of the generator set is increased, the high-temperature ash slag after absorbing heat is recycled, heat loss is hardly generated, and the load increasing rate of the thermal generator set is improved.

Description

Coal-fired boiler system capable of deeply regulating peak and thermal power generation system
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of thermal power generation, and particularly relates to a coal-fired boiler system capable of deeply regulating peak and a thermal power generation system.
Background
With the construction of a high-proportion new energy power system, the thermal power depth peak shaving transformation demands are increasing. The main purpose of the thermal power deep peak regulation transformation is that the load of the unit can be reduced to below 30% when new energy is greatly generated, the load of the coal-fired unit can only be reduced to about 40% -50% at present, and the continuous reduction can lead to the substantial reduction of the unit efficiency, thereby influencing the economy.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a coal-fired boiler system capable of deeply regulating peak and a thermal power generation system, which utilize ash slag of the coal-fired boiler system to absorb heat energy of flue gas when the load of the boiler is reduced, so as to achieve the effect of reducing the load.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
A depth peaking coal-fired boiler system comprising: the coal-fired boiler system comprises a coal-fired hearth, an ash absorber and a waste heat boiler, wherein the coal-fired hearth is connected with the ash absorber through a guide flue, the ash absorber is connected with the waste heat boiler through a connecting flue, the ash absorber is connected with the ash storage system, and the ash storage system is connected with the coal-fired hearth.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ash storage system comprises a cold tank and a hot tank, wherein the outlet of the cold tank is communicated with the ash inlet of the ash heat absorber, and the ash outlet of the ash heat absorber is communicated with the inlet of the hot tank;
the slag discharging port of the coal-fired hearth is communicated with the cold tank, and the outlet of the hot tank is communicated with the coal-fired hearth.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the ash inlet of the ash absorber is arranged at the top, and the guide flue is used for leading the high-temperature flue gas to enter the ash absorber from the bottom of the ash absorber.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a plurality of inclined plates are arranged inside the ash heat absorber.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inclined plate is further provided with a plurality of air holes.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the inclined plate is arranged in a folding way along the axial direction of the ash heat absorber, so that the flow direction of ash is changed.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the inclined plate comprises a plurality of first inclined plates and a plurality of second inclined plates, wherein edge outlets are reserved on the side surfaces of the first inclined plates and the ash absorber, and ash holes are formed in the first inclined plates;
ash on the first inclined plate falls to the second inclined plate through the edge outlet and the ash hole, and ash on the second inclined plate flows out through the middle outlet and falls to the next first inclined plate.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the edge of the inclined plate is contacted and fixed with the peripheral side surface of the ash absorber, and a plurality of ash holes are formed in the inclined plate; ash on the inclined plate falls onto the next inclined plate through the ash hole.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a flue gas air distribution plate is arranged at the bottom of the ash heat absorber.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the guiding flue and the exhaust-heat boiler are both provided with ash outlets, and the exhaust-heat boiler is also provided with a smoke outlet.
Based on the same inventive concept, the invention also provides a thermal power generation system capable of deep peak shaving, which comprises the coal-fired boiler system capable of deep peak shaving
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages and positive effects compared with the prior art:
The invention uses ash slag after coal combustion in a coal-fired hearth in a coal-fired boiler system as a heat storage medium, the ash slag heat absorber is arranged between the coal-fired hearth and the waste heat boiler, high-temperature flue gas generated by the coal-fired hearth enters the ash slag heat absorber through the guide flue, the high-temperature flue gas can exchange heat with ash slag in the ash slag heat absorber, then enters the waste heat boiler from the connecting flue between the ash slag heat absorber and the waste heat boiler, and the waste heat boiler can absorb the heat of the flue gas to generate steam for power generation. Therefore, when the power generation load is required to be reduced, the stored cold ash can be put into an ash heat absorber to exchange heat with high-temperature flue gas, the cooled flue gas after heat exchange enters a waste heat boiler, and the heat of the flue gas is greatly reduced at the moment, so that the steam generation amount of the waste heat boiler is greatly reduced, the power generation load of a turbine unit is reduced, and the ash after heat absorption enters a storage system to be stored; when the power generation load needs to be increased, the operation of the ash absorber is stopped, high-temperature ash stored in the storage system is conveyed to the coal-fired hearth, heat is recycled, the temperature of hearth smoke is rapidly increased, the steam generation amount of the waste heat boiler is increased, and the power generation load of the steam turbine is increased.
Therefore, the system of the invention not only can realize the deep peak regulation of the thermal power generation system, but also adopts the heat storage medium with almost zero cost, and the ash absorber has simple structure and low cost, thereby greatly reducing the cost of the deep peak regulation reconstruction of the thermal power. And when the generator set is in load lifting, the high-temperature ash slag after heat absorption is recycled, heat loss is hardly generated, and the load lifting rate of the generator set is improved.
The ash absorber of the invention preferably enables ash to enter the absorber from the top of the ash absorber, high-temperature flue gas enters the interior of the ash absorber from the bottom of the ash absorber to fully exchange heat with the ash, preferably, a plurality of inclined plates are arranged in the absorber, the ash falls onto the inclined plates in the free falling process, the falling speed of the ash is reduced by the inclined plates, the ash heat exchange time is increased, the heat exchange performance of the ash and the flue gas is enhanced, and the thermal power depth peak regulation response speed is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a depth peaking coal-fired boiler system of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a coal-fired boiler system with deep peaking in accordance with example 2 of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate: 1-a hearth; 2-guiding a flue; 3-ash absorber; 4-a waste heat boiler; 5-a cold tank; 6-a hot pot; 7-a fan; 8-connecting a flue; 9-a flue gas air distribution plate; 301-ash inlet; 302-sloping plate; 3021-a first swash plate; 3022-a second swash plate; 303-edge outlets; 304-an intermediate outlet; 305-ash outlet.
Detailed Description
The coal-fired boiler system and the thermal power generation system capable of deep peak shaving provided by the invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description.
Due to the construction of new energy power systems such as photovoltaic power systems, wind power systems and the like, thermal power depth peak shaving transformation demands are increasing. Particularly, when new energy is greatly generated, the load of the thermal unit is expected to be reduced to below 30%, but the load of the coal-fired unit at present is generally reduced to about 40% -50%.
Under the condition of not affecting economy, in order to reduce the load of the coal-fired unit to below 30 percent, the invention arranges the ash absorber between the hearth of the coal-fired boiler system and the waste heat boiler, and utilizes the ash to absorb the heat energy of the flue gas when the load is reduced, thereby achieving the effect of stabilizing the load reduction of the coal-fired boiler.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1-2, a coal-fired boiler system for coupling ash heat storage and deep peak shaving, comprising: the coal-fired boiler system comprises a coal-fired hearth 1, an ash heat absorber 3 and a waste heat boiler 4, wherein the coal-fired hearth 1 is connected with the ash heat absorber 3 through a guide flue 2, the ash heat absorber 3 is connected with the waste heat boiler 4 through a connecting flue 8, the ash heat absorber 3 is connected with the ash storage system, and the ash storage system is connected with the coal-fired hearth 1.
The ash slag after the coal is burnt in the coal-fired hearth 1 in the coal-fired boiler system is used as a heat storage medium, the heat storage medium has almost zero cost, and the treatment cost of the ash slag can be reduced. When the rated load of the coal-fired boiler system is normal, ash can be collected in an ash storage system, when the power generation load of a power generating unit needs to be reduced, the stored cold ash is put into an ash heat absorber 3 to exchange heat with high-temperature flue gas passing through the ash heat absorber 3, the absorbed residual ash is stored in the ash storage system, the cooled flue gas enters a waste heat boiler 4, and the heat of the flue gas is greatly reduced at the moment, so that the steam generation amount of the waste heat boiler 4 is greatly reduced, the power generation load of the turbine unit is reduced, and the effect of stably reducing the load of the coal-fired boiler system is achieved; when the load of the generator set needs to be increased, the coal-fired boiler system cannot respond, the stored high-temperature slag can be conveyed into the coal-fired hearth 1 again, the hearth smoke temperature is increased rapidly, the steam generation amount of the waste heat boiler 4 is increased, the power generation load of the turbine set is increased, the load increasing rate of the generator set is increased, the high-temperature slag is recycled, and heat loss is hardly generated.
The guiding flue 2 and the waste heat boiler 4 are both provided with ash outlets, and the waste heat boiler 4 is also provided with a smoke outlet.
The ash storage system comprises a cold tank 5 and a hot tank 6, wherein the outlet of the cold tank 5 is communicated with an ash inlet 301 of the ash absorber 3, and an ash outlet 305 of the ash absorber 3 is communicated with the inlet of the hot tank 6; the slag discharging port of the coal-fired hearth 1 is communicated with the cold tank 5, and the outlet of the hot tank 6 is communicated with the coal-fired hearth 1. The ash storage system may also be a single tank arrangement, without limitation.
The ash inlet 301 of the ash absorber 3 is arranged at the top, the guide flue 2 is used for leading high-temperature flue gas from the bottom of the ash absorber 3 into the ash absorber 3, and a flue gas air distribution plate is preferably arranged at the bottom of the ash absorber 3. The high-temperature flue gas is introduced from the bottom of the ash absorber 3 by virtue of the guide flue 2, the flue gas flows uniformly through the flue gas air distribution plate, the flue gas flows from bottom to top, ash flows into the ash absorber 3 from the ash inlet 301, flows from top to bottom, and the two flow in reverse contact with each other to heat exchange, so that the heat exchange performance is improved.
The ash absorber 3 is internally provided with a plurality of inclined plates 302, and in the process of ash flowing downwards from top to bottom, the inclined plates 302 are arranged to reduce the downward ash flowing speed, so that the contact time is prolonged, and the heat exchange area between the slag on the inclined plates 302 and the flue gas is also increased.
In order to further facilitate the ash on the inclined plate 302 to contact more high-temperature flue gas, a plurality of air holes are formed in the inclined plate 302, and the aperture of each air hole is smaller than the minimum particle size of the ash.
In order to increase the flow of slag accumulated on the inclined plate 302, the inclined plate 302 is arranged to be folded along the axial direction of the ash absorber 3, and the flow direction of ash can be changed continuously.
As shown in fig. 1, the further inclined plate 302 includes a plurality of first inclined plates 3021 and a plurality of second inclined plates 3022, edge outlets 303 are reserved on the sides of the first inclined plates 3021 and the ash absorber 3, and ash holes are formed in the first inclined plates 3021;
Ash on the first inclined plate 3021 falls to the second inclined plate 3022 through the edge outlet 303 and the ash hole, and ash on the second inclined plate 3022 falls to the next first inclined plate 3021.
The second inclined plate 3022 may be the same as the first inclined plate 3021, leaving the edge outlet 303 on the side of the ash absorber 3 (one second inclined plate 3022 is arranged), or two second inclined plates 3022 may form the intermediate opening 304 (two second inclined plates 3022 are arranged) as in the present embodiment.
In this way, part of the ash on the first inclined plate 3021 falls freely to the second inclined plate 3022 via the ash hole (the aperture of the ash hole is controlled to be 1-5 times of the average grain diameter of the ash), and part of the ash slides down to the second inclined plate 3022 via the edge outlet 303, and the contact area between the ash and the high-temperature flue gas can be increased, the heat absorbing surface can be increased, and the heat exchanging performance can be further increased by not arranging the ash hole on the second inclined plate 3022. And by adopting the two ways of stacking heat exchange and free falling heat exchange of the inclined plate 302, the heat exchange performance between ash and smoke is greatly enhanced, and the thermal power depth peak regulation response speed is improved.
When new energy sources such as photovoltaic and wind power are greatly generated, the load of the coal-fired boiler system is reduced and stabilized at 50%, at the moment, ash in the cold tank 5 is put into the ash absorber 3, a reciprocating turning-back inclined plate 302 is arranged in the ash absorber 3, ash enters the ash absorber 3 through the ash inlet 301 and falls on the first inclined plate 3021, part of ash on the first inclined plate 3021 falls on the second inclined plate 3022 from the edge outlet 303 along the first inclined plate 3021, part of ash falls on the second inclined plate 3022 through ash holes in a free falling manner, and ash on the second inclined plate 3022 falls on the next first inclined plate 3021 through the middle outlet;
The flue gas is introduced from the bottom of the ash absorber 3 by virtue of the guide flue 2, the flue gas flows uniformly through the flue gas air distribution plate, the flue gas flows from bottom to top, ash flows from top to bottom, the two reversely contact and exchange heat, and the ash exchanges heat with the flue gas by virtue of two modes of stacking flow and free falling on the inclined plate 302, so that the heat exchange performance and the heat exchange rate are greatly enhanced;
After the ash absorbs heat and heats up, the ash is stored in a heat tank 6, and the flue gas cooled by the ash absorber 3 enters the waste heat boiler 4, so that the heat of the flue gas is greatly reduced, the steam generation amount of the waste heat boiler 4 is greatly reduced, and the power generation load of a turbine unit is reduced.
When the output of new energy sources such as photovoltaic power and wind power is insufficient, the operation of the ash heat absorber 3 is stopped, the load of the coal-fired boiler slowly rises from 50%, meanwhile, the hot ash in the hot tank 6 is conveyed back into the coal-fired hearth 1 by means of the pneumatic conveying system, heat is recycled, a large amount of air is conveyed into the coal-fired hearth 1 by a fan, the flue gas temperature of the coal-fired hearth 1 is rapidly increased, the steam generation amount of the waste heat boiler 4 is increased, and the power generation load of a turbine unit is increased.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 2, the structure is the same as that of embodiment 1, except that the edge of the inclined plate 302 contacts and is fixed to the peripheral side surface of the ash absorber 3, and a plurality of ash holes are formed in the inclined plate 302; ash on the inclined plate 302 falls to the next inclined plate 302 through the ash hole.
In summary, the invention not only utilizes the ash of the coal-fired boiler to realize the deep peak regulation of the coal-fired boiler, but also has almost zero cost of heat storage medium, and the ash heat absorber has simple structure and low cost, thereby greatly reducing the cost of the deep peak regulation reconstruction of the thermal power.
Example 3
A thermal power generation system capable of deep peak shaving comprises a coal-fired boiler system capable of deep peak shaving, a steam turbine set and a water supply system, wherein the coal-fired boiler system capable of deep peak shaving, the steam turbine set and the water supply system are in embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, liquid water in the water supply system is heated into steam by the boiler system, and the steam is subjected to work power generation in the steam turbine set and is converted into electric energy.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Even if various changes are made to the present invention, it is within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents to fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A depth peaking coal-fired boiler system, comprising: the coal-fired boiler system comprises a coal-fired hearth, an ash absorber and a waste heat boiler, wherein the coal-fired hearth is connected with the ash absorber through a guide flue, the ash absorber is connected with the waste heat boiler through a connecting flue, the ash absorber is connected with the ash storage system, and the ash storage system is connected with the coal-fired hearth.
2. The depth peaking coal fired boiler system of claim 1, wherein the ash storage system comprises a cold tank and a hot tank, an outlet of the cold tank being in communication with an ash inlet of the ash absorber, an ash outlet of the ash absorber being in communication with an inlet of the hot tank;
the slag discharging port of the coal-fired hearth is communicated with the cold tank, and the outlet of the hot tank is communicated with the coal-fired hearth.
3. The deep peaking coal fired boiler system of claim 1, wherein the ash inlet of the ash absorber is disposed at a top portion and the guide flue is configured to direct high temperature flue gas from a bottom portion of the ash absorber into an interior of the ash absorber.
4. A deep peak shaving coal fired boiler system according to claim 1 or 3, wherein a plurality of sloping plates are provided in the ash absorber.
5. The coal-fired boiler system capable of deep peak shaving according to claim 4, wherein a plurality of air holes are further formed in the inclined plate.
6. The depth peaking coal-fired boiler system according to claim 4, wherein the sloping plate is arranged to fold axially along the ash absorber, changing the flow direction of ash.
7. The coal-fired boiler system capable of deep peak shaving according to claim 6, wherein the sloping plates comprise a plurality of first sloping plates and a plurality of second sloping plates, the first sloping plates and the side surfaces of the ash heat absorbers are provided with edge outlets, and ash holes are formed in the first sloping plates;
Ash on the first inclined plate falls to the second inclined plate through the edge outlet and the ash hole, and ash on the second inclined plate falls to the next first inclined plate.
8. The coal-fired boiler system capable of deep peak shaving according to claim 6, wherein the edge of the inclined plate is contacted and fixed with the peripheral side surface of the ash absorber, and a plurality of ash holes are formed in the inclined plate; ash on the inclined plate falls to the next inclined plate through the ash hole.
9. The deep peak shaving coal-fired boiler system according to claim 3, wherein a flue gas air distributor is arranged at the bottom of the ash absorber.
10. A deep peak shaving thermal power generation system comprising the deep peak shaving coal-fired boiler system according to any of claims 1 to 9.
CN202211708097.2A 2022-12-29 2022-12-29 Coal-fired boiler system capable of deeply regulating peak and thermal power generation system Pending CN118274335A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202211708097.2A CN118274335A (en) 2022-12-29 2022-12-29 Coal-fired boiler system capable of deeply regulating peak and thermal power generation system

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202211708097.2A CN118274335A (en) 2022-12-29 2022-12-29 Coal-fired boiler system capable of deeply regulating peak and thermal power generation system

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN118274335A true CN118274335A (en) 2024-07-02

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