CN113153465B - Heat supply and power generation decoupling method and system for improving peak regulation capacity of heat supply unit - Google Patents
Heat supply and power generation decoupling method and system for improving peak regulation capacity of heat supply unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN113153465B CN113153465B CN202110485992.1A CN202110485992A CN113153465B CN 113153465 B CN113153465 B CN 113153465B CN 202110485992 A CN202110485992 A CN 202110485992A CN 113153465 B CN113153465 B CN 113153465B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
- F01K11/02—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers the engines being turbines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D13/00—Combinations of two or more machines or engines
- F01D13/02—Working-fluid interconnection of machines or engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
- F01K13/02—Controlling, e.g. stopping or starting
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K21/00—Steam engine plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention discloses a heat supply and power generation decoupling system and a method for improving the peak regulation capacity of a heat supply unit, wherein the method comprises the following steps: when the unit supplies heat to the outside under higher load, high-parameter mediums in part of the unit are led out to a heat storage system, and part of heat is stored on the premise of meeting the heat supply requirement; when the unit participates in the power grid peak regulation and needs to reduce the output to supply heat to the outside, the steam quantity entering the steam turbine is reduced, the output of the steam turbine is reduced, the load reduction peak regulation operation of the unit is realized, meanwhile, part of steam or hot water is extracted from a heat recovery system or a heat supply system of the unit to a heat storage system, and the stored heat is absorbed to supply heat to the outside, so that the heat supply requirement is met; the heat storage module is added in the heat supply unit to realize decoupling of heat supply and power generation of the unit, the peak regulation of the unit is not limited by heat supply, the peak regulation range of the heat supply unit is enlarged, the operation flexibility of the heat supply unit is greatly improved, and only one set of heat storage module is added on the existing unit, so that the heat supply unit has good applicability to newly-built and reformed units.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of thermal power generation, and particularly relates to a heat supply and power generation decoupling method and system for improving peak regulation capacity of a heat supply unit.
Background
The installation quantity of renewable energy sources rises year by year, so that the proportion of thermal power generation in an energy source structure is gradually reduced. Most renewable energy sources have strong randomness, intermittence, uncontrollable property and anti-peak shaving property, so that thermal power generation is required to be used as a basic load to participate in peak shaving, and the safety of a power grid is ensured. However, as the policy of giving way to new energy by thermal power is further implemented, the load fluctuation of the existing thermal power unit is larger, and the deep peak shaving demands are more and more urgent. At present, the main power supply in the 'three north' area of China is coal power, wherein the heat supply unit accounts for more than 50%, the load of the heat supply unit needs to be maintained at a higher level under the condition of ensuring heat supply of the heat supply unit, the load cannot be continuously reduced, and the flexibility of the power supply is severely limited.
Therefore, in order to improve the flexibility of the heat supply thermal power unit, the method is suitable for deep peak shaving, and the heat supply and the power generation of the heat supply unit are decoupled, so that the improvement of the flexibility of the heat supply unit is a problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a heat supply and power generation decoupling method and system for improving the peak regulation capacity of a heat supply unit, which are suitable for deep peak regulation and are used for decoupling heat supply and power generation of the heat supply unit.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a heat supply and power generation decoupling method for improving the peak regulation capacity of a heat supply unit comprises the following steps:
when the unit supplies heat to the outside under higher load, high-parameter mediums in part of the unit are led out to a heat storage system, and part of heat is stored on the premise of meeting the heat supply requirement;
when the unit participates in the power grid peak regulation and needs to reduce the output to supply heat externally, the steam quantity entering the steam turbine is reduced, the output of the steam turbine is reduced, the load-reducing peak regulation operation of the unit is realized, the load of the boiler is improved, part of steam is extracted from the main steam and the reheating system of the unit and directly supplied to the outside after heat exchange with the heat storage system, or part of steam or hot water is extracted from the heat supply system of the unit to supply heat externally by absorbing the stored heat, and the heat supply requirement is met.
The method comprises the following steps:
when the unit supplies heat to the outside under higher load:
the boiler operates from above the lowest steady burning load to rated load; extracting a high-parameter medium from the heat supply unit and enabling the medium to enter a heat storage system; storing the extracted heat of the high-parameter medium, and changing the medium after heat exchange into a low-parameter medium with lower quality; the medium with lower quality directly supplies heat to the outside or is sent into a thermodynamic interface of a unit regenerative system;
when the unit participates in power grid peak shaving and needs to reduce output to supply heat to the outside, the unit is connected with a power grid through a power supply system:
keeping the boiler load not lower than the lowest stable combustion load; extracting part of steam from the main steam and reheating system of the unit to exchange heat with the heat storage system, and directly supplying heat to the outside by the steam after heat exchange; extracting part of low-parameter steam or hot water from a unit heat supply main pipe or a heat supply network head station; and (3) leading the extracted low-parameter steam or hot water to enter a heat storage system to absorb the stored heat, and enabling the steam or hot water after the heat is increased to become higher-parameter steam to supply heat to the outside.
The heat storage system is divided into three heat storage sections of high, medium and low according to the temperature, and the high-parameter medium heat is stored by sequentially passing through the high, medium and low sections in the heat storage system through the high-parameter medium and continuously exchanging heat with the medium in different heat storage sections to realize that part of the heat in the high parameter medium is transferred to the heat storage medium and stored; the heat absorption of the low-parameter steam or hot water is realized by heat exchange between the low-parameter steam or hot water and a medium in at least one heat storage section.
The high-parameter medium is at least one of main steam, reheat steam, steam turbine extraction steam, high-temperature flue gas or air cooling exhaust steam.
The thermal interface of the unit regenerative system comprises a high-pressure heater steam inlet, a high-pressure heater water supply outlet, a deaerator steam inlet, a deaerator water supply outlet, a low-pressure heater steam inlet, a low-pressure heater condensate inlet and/or a low-pressure heater condensate outlet.
The unit is a subcritical, supercritical or ultra supercritical thermal power unit with a heating system, and the unit adopts a coal motor unit with any level capacity.
The external heat supply comprises heating and industrial steam supply.
The invention discloses a heat supply and power generation decoupling system for improving the peak regulation capacity of a heat supply unit, which comprises a heat supply generator unit and a heat storage system; the heat storage system consists of high-temperature, medium-temperature and low-temperature heat storage sections which are connected in series; the inlet of the heat storage system is communicated with a high-parameter medium pipeline, and the outlet of the heat storage system is communicated with a thermodynamic interface of the unit heat recovery system; the inlet of the heat storage system is also communicated with a low-parameter steam or hot water pipeline of the unit heat recovery system, a heat supply main pipe or a heat supply network head station, and the outlet of the heat storage system is communicated with the heat supply pipeline.
The heat storage medium of the high-temperature heat storage section is molten salt, the heat storage medium of the medium-temperature heat storage section is concrete, and the heat storage medium of the low-temperature heat storage section is hot water.
The thermal interface of the unit regenerative system comprises at least one of a high-pressure heater steam inlet, a high-pressure heater water inlet outlet, a deaerator steam inlet, a deaerator water outlet, a low-pressure heater steam inlet, a low-pressure heater condensate inlet and a low-pressure heater condensate outlet.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
when the unit is in higher load, the high-parameter medium in part of the unit is led out to the heat storage system, and part of the heat is stored on the premise of meeting the heat supply requirement; when the unit participates in the power grid peak regulation and needs to reduce output to supply heat to the outside, the load reduction peak regulation is realized by reducing the steam inlet amount of the steam turbine and the output of the steam turbine, and meanwhile, part of steam or hot water is extracted from a heat recovery system or a heat supply system of the unit to a heat storage system, so that the stored heat is absorbed to supply heat to the outside, and the heat supply requirement is met. The heat storage system supplies heat when the heat absorbed by high load is subjected to peak shaving again under low load, so that the peak shaving capacity of the heat supply unit is greatly improved, and the requirement of deep peak shaving is met.
Furthermore, the heat storage system is provided with a plurality of heat storage sections, and heat storage media can be selected according to different requirements of the unit during heat absorption and heat release, so that the cascade utilization of the capacity is realized, and the energy utilization efficiency is improved on the premise of ensuring the flexibility of the unit.
Furthermore, the method does not modify the boiler and the steam turbine, only adds one set of heat storage system, and has better applicability to newly-built and modified units.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system in which the present invention may be implemented.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another system for reducing output according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a system capable of implementing a load state according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another system capable of implementing a load state according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a low load implementable system of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another low load implementable system of the present invention.
Reference numerals in the drawings: 1-a boiler; 2-a heat storage system; 3-a high-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine; 4-turbine medium/low pressure cylinders; 51-a first feedwater heater; 52-a second feedwater heater; 5 n-nth feedwater heater; 6-deaerator; 7-condenser.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a heat supply and power generation decoupling method and a system for improving the peak regulation capacity of a heat supply unit, and the invention is further described below with reference to specific embodiments.
According to the heat supply and power generation decoupling method and system for improving the peak regulation capacity of the heat supply unit, as shown in fig. 1, when the heat supply unit supplies heat to the outside under higher load, the load of the boiler 1 is kept not lower than the lowest steady combustion load, a high-parameter medium is extracted from the unit and enters the heat storage system 2, and the extracted high-parameter medium can be at least one of steam turbine extraction steam, high-temperature flue gas or air cooling exhaust steam; the heat storage system is divided into three heat storage sections of high, medium and low according to the temperature; and the extracted high-parameter medium enters a corresponding heat storage section according to medium parameters to store heat, and the medium after losing heat is changed into a low-parameter medium with lower quality, and the low-parameter medium is directly heated to the outside or returned to a thermodynamic interface of a regenerative system of the unit, such as a high-pressure heater steam inlet, a high-pressure heater water outlet, a deaerator steam inlet, a deaerator water outlet, a low-pressure heater steam inlet, a low-pressure heater condensate outlet pipeline and the like. As shown in fig. 2, when the unit participates in peak shaving of the power grid and needs to reduce output to supply heat to the outside, keeping the load of the boiler 1 not lower than the lowest stable combustion, and extracting part of low-parameter steam or hot water from a unit heat recovery system, a heat supply main pipe or a heat supply network head station; and allowing the extracted low-parameter steam or hot water to enter a corresponding heat storage zone according to medium parameters to exchange heat and absorb the stored heat, and enabling the steam or hot water after the heat is increased to become higher-parameter steam to supply heat to the outside.
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
And configuring a heat storage system for the unit, wherein the heat storage system comprises a high-temperature heat storage module, a medium-temperature heat storage module and a low-temperature heat storage module, the high-temperature heat storage module is fused salt heat storage, the medium-temperature heat storage module is concrete heat storage, and the low-temperature heat storage module is hot water heat storage. The main steam pipeline, the steam extraction pipeline and the high-temperature flue gas pipeline of the boiler are respectively connected with the inlets of the high-temperature heat storage module, the medium-temperature heat storage module and the low-temperature heat storage module of the heat storage system, and the outlet of the heat storage system is respectively connected with the inlet pipeline of the reheater, the inlet pipeline of the deaerator and the smoke exhaust pipeline of the boiler.
As shown in fig. 3, when the unit operates at 70% load, the boiler is set to operate at 80% load, part of main steam is extracted from a main steam pipeline before entering a high-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine and enters a high-temperature heat storage module of the heat storage system, heat exchange is carried out on the main steam and molten salt medium, and the main steam is mixed with the high-pressure cylinder exhaust steam after heat exchange and enters the boiler for reheating; meanwhile, part of extraction steam is extracted from a second-stage steam extraction pipeline of the unit and enters a medium-temperature heat storage module of the heat storage system, exchanges heat with concrete, and returns to the deaerator after heat exchange; and meanwhile, part of high-temperature flue gas is extracted from the boiler smoke exhaust pipeline and enters a low-temperature heat storage module of the heat storage system to exchange heat with hot water, and the smoke exhaust pipeline is used after heat exchange. The flow rates of the extracted main steam, the extracted steam and the high-temperature flue gas are cooperatively controlled to enable the turbine set to operate at 70% load.
The deaerator outlet pipeline, the heat supply main pipe and the condenser outlet pipeline of the unit are respectively connected with the inlets of the high-temperature heat storage module, the medium-temperature heat storage module and the low-temperature heat storage module of the heat storage system, and the outlet of the heat storage system is respectively connected with the high-pressure heater outlet pipeline, the heat supply main pipe and the deaerator inlet pipeline. When the unit participates in the peak regulation of the power grid and needs to reduce the output to 35% of load, as shown in fig. 4, the boiler is set to run at 30% of load, the steam turbine is set to run at 35% of load, part of high-pressure feed water is extracted from an outlet pipeline of the deaerator and enters a high-temperature heat storage module of the heat storage system, heat exchange is carried out between the high-temperature heat storage module and molten salt medium, and the heat exchange is carried out, and the heat exchange is mixed with the feed water at an outlet of a first-stage high-pressure heater and enters the boiler; meanwhile, part of heat supply steam is extracted from the heat supply main pipe and enters a medium-temperature heat storage module of the heat storage system to exchange heat with concrete, and the heat exchange returns to the heat supply main pipe to supply heat to the outside; meanwhile, part of low-pressure water is extracted from an outlet pipeline of the condenser and enters a low-temperature module of the heat storage system, exchanges heat with hot water, and enters the deaerator after heat exchange. The flow rates of the extracted high-pressure water supply, heat supply steam and low-pressure water supply are cooperatively controlled to enable the turbine set to operate at 35% load, and simultaneously, the requirement on external heat supply is met.
Example 2
And configuring a heat storage system for the unit, wherein the heat storage system comprises a high-temperature heat storage module, a medium-temperature heat storage module and a low-temperature heat storage module, the high-temperature heat storage module is fused salt heat storage, the medium-temperature heat storage module is concrete heat storage, and the low-temperature heat storage module is hot water heat storage. The reheat steam pipeline, the steam extraction pipeline and the air cooling exhaust steam pipeline of the steam turbine are respectively connected with the inlets of the high-temperature heat storage module, the medium-temperature heat storage module and the low-temperature heat storage module of the heat storage system, and the outlet of the heat storage system is respectively connected with the inlet pipeline of the deaerator, the inlet pipeline of the low-pressure heater and the inlet of the condenser.
As shown in fig. 5, when the unit is operated at 60% load, the boiler is set to operate at 75% load, part of reheat steam is extracted from a reheat steam pipeline before entering a middle pressure cylinder of the steam turbine and enters a high-temperature heat storage module of the heat storage system, and the high-temperature heat storage module exchanges heat with molten salt medium and returns to the deaerator after heat exchange; meanwhile, part of extraction steam is extracted from a fourth-stage extraction steam pipeline of the unit and enters a medium-temperature heat storage module of the heat storage system, exchanges heat with concrete, and returns to the low-pressure heater after exchanging heat; and meanwhile, part of exhaust steam is extracted from the air cooling exhaust steam pipeline and enters a low-temperature heat storage module of the heat storage system to exchange heat with hot water, and the heat is returned to the condenser after the heat exchange. The flow of the extracted reheat steam, the extracted steam and the air cooling exhaust steam are cooperatively controlled to enable the turbine set to run under 60% load.
The heat supply network water return pipeline and the industrial steam supply pipeline are respectively connected with the inlets of the high, medium and low temperature heat storage modules of the heat storage system, and the outlets of the heat storage system are respectively connected with the heat supply network heat supply pipeline and the industrial steam supply pipeline. When the unit participates in the peak regulation of the power grid and needs to reduce the output to 30% of load, as shown in fig. 6, the boiler and the steam turbine are set to run at 30% of load, part of steam is extracted from the industrial steam supply pipeline and enters the high-temperature and medium-temperature heat storage module respectively to exchange heat with molten salt or concrete, and the parameter requirements of different industrial steam supply are met after heat exchange; meanwhile, part of hot water is extracted from the heat supply network water return pipeline and enters the medium-temperature and low-temperature heat storage module to exchange heat with concrete or hot water, and the heat exchange is carried out and returned to the heat supply network heat supply pipeline to supply heat to the outside, so that the requirement of external heat supply is met.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather to enable any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement or the like to be made within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A heat supply and power generation decoupling method for improving peak regulation capacity of a heat supply unit is characterized in that a heat supply generator set and a heat storage system are arranged on the basis of any one of the prior art; the heat storage system consists of high-temperature, medium-temperature and low-temperature heat storage sections which are connected in series; the inlet of the heat storage system is communicated with a high-parameter medium pipeline, and the outlet of the heat storage system is communicated with a thermodynamic interface of the unit heat recovery system; the inlet of the heat storage system is also communicated with a unit heat recovery system, a heat supply main pipe or a low-parameter steam or hot water pipeline of a heat supply network head station, and the outlet of the heat storage system is communicated with the heat supply pipeline; the thermal interface of the unit regenerative system comprises at least one of a high-pressure heater steam inlet, a high-pressure heater water inlet outlet, a deaerator steam inlet, a deaerator water outlet, a low-pressure heater steam inlet, a low-pressure heater condensate inlet and a low-pressure heater condensate outlet;
the method comprises the following steps:
when the unit supplies heat to the outside under higher load, high-parameter mediums in part of the unit are led out to a heat storage system, and part of heat is stored on the premise of meeting the heat supply requirement; the boiler operates from above the lowest steady burning load to rated load; extracting a high-parameter medium from the heat supply unit and enabling the medium to enter a heat storage system; storing the extracted heat of the high-parameter medium, and changing the medium after heat exchange into a low-parameter medium with lower quality; the medium with lower quality directly supplies heat to the outside or is sent into a thermodynamic interface of a unit regenerative system;
when the unit participates in the power grid peak regulation and needs to reduce the output to supply heat to the outside, the steam quantity entering the steam turbine is reduced, the output of the steam turbine is reduced, the load-reducing peak regulation operation of the unit is realized, the load of the boiler is improved, part of steam is extracted from the main steam and the reheating system of the unit and then directly supplied to the outside after heat exchange with the heat storage system, or part of steam or hot water is extracted from the heat supply system of the unit to supply heat to the heat storage system, and the stored heat is absorbed to supply heat to the outside, so that the heat supply requirement is met; keeping the boiler load not lower than the lowest stable combustion load; extracting part of steam from the main steam and reheating system of the unit to exchange heat with the heat storage system, and directly supplying heat to the outside by the steam after heat exchange; extracting part of low-parameter steam or hot water from a unit heat supply main pipe or a heat supply network head station; the extracted low-parameter steam or hot water enters a heat storage system to absorb the stored heat, and the steam or hot water after the heat is added becomes higher-parameter steam to supply heat to the outside;
the high-parameter medium is at least one of main steam, reheat steam, steam turbine extraction steam, high-temperature flue gas or air cooling exhaust steam; the heat storage system is divided into three heat storage sections of high, medium and low according to the temperature, and the high-parameter medium heat is stored by sequentially passing through the high, medium and low sections in the heat storage system through the high-parameter medium and continuously exchanging heat with the medium in different heat storage sections to realize that part of the heat in the high parameter medium is transferred to the heat storage medium and stored; the heat absorption of the low-parameter steam or hot water is realized by heat exchange between the low-parameter steam or hot water and a medium in at least one heat storage section.
2. The method for decoupling heat supply and power generation for improving peak shaving capacity of heat supply unit according to claim 1, wherein the unit is a subcritical, supercritical or ultra supercritical thermal power unit with a heat supply system, and the unit adopts a coal motor unit with any level capacity.
3. The method for decoupling heat supply and power generation for peak shaving capacity of a heat supply unit as recited in claim 1, wherein said external heat supply includes heating and industrial steam supply.
4. A heat supply and power generation decoupling method for improving peak shaving capacity of a heat supply unit according to claim 3, wherein the heat storage medium of the high temperature heat storage section is molten salt, the heat storage medium of the medium temperature heat storage section is concrete, and the heat storage medium of the low temperature heat storage section is hot water.
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| CN113983445A (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-01-28 | 西安西热节能技术有限公司 | Thermal power plant energy storage and heat supply system and method for energy gradient utilization |
| CN115102203B (en) * | 2022-08-29 | 2023-01-17 | 中国能源建设集团山西省电力勘测设计院有限公司 | Energy storage and discharge method of cogeneration unit under deep peak regulation operation |
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| US7743872B2 (en) * | 2007-06-28 | 2010-06-29 | Michael Jeffrey Brookman | Air start steam engine |
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