CN118273438A - Main truss, corresponding greenhouse truss and construction method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a main truss, a corresponding greenhouse truss and a construction method thereof. The main truss comprises a top truss and two arch legs, wherein the two arch legs are symmetrically connected to the two transverse ends of the top truss; the arch center column comprises a vertical column and a butt joint frame, and the two butt joint frames are connected with the top truss frame to form an arch truss. The arched truss is divided into three sections, a top truss and two butt-joint frames, each butt-joint frame is connected with each upright post to form an integral structure, namely an arch post, the two arch posts and the top truss can be used for welding and assembling the rod pieces on the horizontal ground respectively, so that the welding between the rod pieces is facilitated, the field gas shielded welding difficulty is reduced, and the welding reliability is ensured; only the butt joint is required to be welded in high altitude, so that the installation is easy; the top of the upright post is deviated to the top truss, the distance between the inner side surface and the outer side surface is gradually reduced, so that the stress of the upright post is gradually concentrated to the joint of the bottom of the upright post and the main support, and the stability and the reliability of the whole main truss are improved.

Description

Main truss, corresponding greenhouse truss and construction method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of building structures, in particular to a main truss, a corresponding greenhouse truss and a construction method thereof.

Background

The closed greenhouse of the bulk cargo yard is required to be built in places such as wharfs, and a bucket wheel machine is arranged in the closed greenhouse for bulk cargo. This kind of big-arch shelter needs to have great inner space, therefore big-arch shelter whole span is great, the height is higher, need adopt span big, high truss structure, and the one-level welding seam between the member is many wherein, and the on-the-spot gas shield welds the degree of difficulty is big, is difficult for guaranteeing big-arch shelter overall structure intensity, and the whole installation degree of difficulty is great.

Disclosure of Invention

The main truss, the corresponding greenhouse truss and the construction method thereof are easy to install and high in structural strength.

The invention provides a main truss, which is used for a greenhouse truss and comprises a top truss and two arch legs, wherein the two arch legs are symmetrically connected to the two transverse ends of the top truss;

The arch support comprises a vertical column and a butt joint frame, the vertical column is of a rectangular three-dimensional truss structure, the top end of the vertical column is inclined towards the top truss, the bottom end of the vertical column is connected to the main support, the outer peripheral surface of the vertical column comprises an inner side surface, an outer side surface and two vertical surfaces, and the two vertical surfaces are parallel to each other and are oppositely arranged in the longitudinal direction; the inner side surface and the outer side surface are arranged transversely opposite to each other, the inner side surface is close to the top truss relative to the outer side surface, and the distance between the inner side surface and the outer side surface is gradually reduced from top to bottom; the joint of the main support and the upright post is positioned on the same plane with the outer side surface;

One end of the butt joint frame is fixedly connected with the top end of the upright post, and the transverse dimension of the butt joint frame is smaller than the vertical dimension of the upright post; in the transverse direction, the size of each butt-joint frame is 1/4-1/6 of that of the top truss, the other ends of the two butt-joint frames are fixedly connected with the two ends of the top truss respectively, and the two butt-joint frames are connected with the top truss to form an arched truss.

The included angle between the outer side surface and the horizontal plane is 85-86 degrees, and the included angle between the inner side surface and the horizontal plane is 81-82 degrees;

In the longitudinal direction, the dimension of the outer side surface is 2-3 times the dimension of the top surface of the arched truss.

The size of the arched truss is gradually increased from the middle to the two ends.

The arched truss comprises two upper chords, wherein the two upper chords are respectively positioned at two longitudinal side edges of the top surface of the arched truss; the two upper chords are respectively located on the same plane with the two vertical faces, and two ends of each upper chord are respectively connected to the top ends of the outer side faces of the two upright posts.

The arched truss further comprises a lower chord, wherein the upper chord and the lower chord are chord pipes, and the chord pipes are connected through a plurality of web members to form a plurality of triangular structures; the chord tube arranged on the top truss is a middle tube, the chord tube arranged on the butt joint frame is an end tube, the outer diameter of the middle tube is the same as that of the end tube, and the inner diameter of the end tube is smaller than that of the middle tube; the inner side of the end part of the end pipe is provided with an inner inclined surface matched with the butt joint inclined surface.

Wherein, the arch truss is an inverted triangle solid truss structure or a rectangular solid truss structure.

The bottom of the upright post is in an inverted quadrangular oblique cone shape, and the bottom end of the upright post is connected to a main support; or alternatively

The bottom ends of the upright posts are connected to the two main support seats, and the two main support seats are respectively positioned on the same plane with the two vertical faces.

On the other hand, the invention also provides a greenhouse truss, which comprises a plurality of main trusses and a plurality of secondary trusses, wherein the main trusses are longitudinally arranged at intervals, and the secondary trusses are connected between the adjacent main trusses.

The two main trusses positioned at the two longitudinal ends of the greenhouse truss are second main trusses;

The arch truss of the first main truss is of an inverted triangle three-dimensional truss structure, a guy rope mechanism is arranged below the arch truss of the first main truss, the bottom of the upright post of the first main truss is in an inverted quadrangular oblique cone shape, and the bottom of the upright post of the first main truss is connected to a main support;

the arched truss of the second main truss is of a rectangular three-dimensional truss structure, and a supporting truss is arranged below the arched truss; the bottom ends of the upright posts of the second main truss are connected to the two main supports.

In still another aspect, the present invention further provides a construction method for installing and forming the aforementioned greenhouse truss, where the construction method for the greenhouse truss includes the following steps:

Respectively assembling to form arch legs and a top truss when the vertical face is in a horizontal state; and

Sequentially hoisting each main truss from the two longitudinal ends to the middle position of the greenhouse truss; installing secondary trusses between two adjacent main trusses after hoisting is completed;

wherein, the step of hoisting each main truss comprises the following substeps:

Hoisting the arch springing, wherein the bottom end of the arch springing is connected with a main support; and

And hoisting the top truss, respectively butting two butt-joint frames of the arch springing columns at two ends of the top truss, and welding the top truss with the butt-joint frames.

According to the main truss, the corresponding greenhouse truss and the construction method thereof provided by the invention, the arched truss is divided into three sections, the top truss and two butt-joint frames, each butt-joint frame and each upright post are connected into an integral structure, namely an arch leg post, the two arch leg posts and the top truss can respectively weld and assemble the rod pieces on the horizontal ground to form, so that the welding between the rod pieces is facilitated, the field gas shielded welding difficulty is reduced, and the welding reliability is ensured; then the three are connected together after being hoisted, and only the butt joint part is needed to be welded in high altitude, so that the problem of high overall hoisting difficulty of the arched truss due to large span is avoided, and the arched truss is easy to install; the top end of the upright post is biased to the top truss, and the bottom end of the upright post is biased to the outer side of the first main truss by the structure; the distance between the inner side surface and the outer side surface is gradually reduced, and the joint of the main support and the upright post is on the same plane with the outer side surface, so that the stress of the upright post is gradually concentrated to the joint of the bottom of the upright post and the main support, and the stability and the reliability of the whole main truss are improved; the size of the butt joint frame in the transverse direction is smaller than that of the vertical column, so that the butt joint frame occupies a small proportion of the whole arch leg column, the weight ratio is small, and the main weight of the arch leg column is positioned at the vertical column, thereby being beneficial to hoisting the arch leg column; the size of each butt joint frame is 1/4-1/6 of that of the top truss, and the weight distribution of the three parts of the main truss is relatively uniform, so that the hoisting is facilitated.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a greenhouse truss according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of the greenhouse truss of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the main truss structure of the greenhouse truss of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the main truss of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a top view of the top surface structure of the main truss of FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a first main truss and cable mechanism of the greenhouse truss of FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the first main truss and cable mechanism of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the main truss of FIG. 3 in a docked position;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the second main truss and the support truss of the greenhouse truss of FIG. 1;

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the second main truss and the support truss of FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the main truss bottom main abutment of FIG. 3;

FIG. 12 is a construction site layout diagram of a construction method of a greenhouse truss provided by the invention;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a lifting of the footing of the greenhouse truss;

Fig. 14 is a schematic view of lifting a roof truss of a greenhouse truss.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

In the drawings, like structural elements are denoted by like reference numerals.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a greenhouse truss according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of main trusses 10 and 20 and a plurality of sub trusses 30, wherein the plurality of main trusses are arranged at intervals along a longitudinal direction Y, and the plurality of sub trusses 30 are connected between adjacent main trusses to form an integral truss structure. In the embodiment, 26 truss main trusses are arranged in total, and two adjacent main trusses are connected through 8 truss sub-trusses 30.

The overall structure of the plurality of main trusses is similar, and two main trusses at the two longitudinal ends of the greenhouse truss are different from the plurality of main truss structures in the middle. For convenience of description, a plurality of main trusses located in the middle of the longitudinal direction of the greenhouse truss are first main trusses 10, and two main trusses located at both ends of the longitudinal direction Y of the greenhouse truss are second main trusses 20. That is, the first main truss 10 is 24 truss and the second main truss 20 is 2 truss. The support truss 5 is arranged below the second main truss 20, and the second main truss 20 and the support truss 5 form gable walls at two ends of the greenhouse truss.

The projection structures of the second main truss 20 and the first main truss 10 on the planes of the vertical direction Z and the transverse direction X are the same, so that the structural design is convenient, and the second main truss 20 and the first main truss are conveniently connected by utilizing the secondary truss 30.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the first main truss 10 includes a top truss 1 and two stilts 2. The two arch columns 2 are symmetrically connected at two transverse ends of the top truss 1. The arch support 2 comprises a vertical column 21 and a butt joint frame 22, and the vertical column 21 and the butt joint frame 22 are connected to form a 7-shaped structure with an obtuse angle. The upright post 21 is a rectangular solid truss structure, the top end of the upright post is inclined towards the top truss 1, and the bottom end of the upright post is connected to the main support 3. The outer circumferential surface of the upright post 21 comprises an inner side surface 211, an outer side surface 212 and two vertical surfaces 213, and the two vertical surfaces 213 are parallel to each other and are oppositely arranged in the longitudinal direction so as to facilitate the corresponding connection between the upright post 21 and the secondary truss 30. The inner side 211 and the outer side 212 are disposed opposite to each other in the lateral direction, and the inner side 211 is close to the top truss 1 relative to the outer side 212, and the distance between the inner side 211 and the outer side 212 gradually decreases from top to bottom. The junction of the main support 3 and the upright 21 is on the same plane as the outer side 212.

The top ends of the upright posts 21 are biased toward the top truss 1, and the structure is such that the bottom ends of the upright posts 21 are biased toward the outer side of the first main truss 10; the distance between the inner side surface 211 and the outer side surface 212 is gradually reduced, and the joint of the main support 3 and the upright post 21 and the outer side surface 212 are positioned on the same plane, so that the stress of the upright post 21 is gradually concentrated to the joint of the bottom of the upright post 21 and the main support 3; because the outer side surface 212 is inclined, the main support 3 can receive downward and outward acting force, so that the stress can be decomposed, and the stability and reliability of the whole first main truss 10 can be improved.

One end of the butt joint frame 22 is fixedly connected with the top end of the upright post 21, and the transverse dimension of the butt joint frame 22 is smaller than the vertical dimension of the upright post 21, so that the proportion of the butt joint frame 22 to the whole arch post 2 is smaller, the weight ratio is smaller, and the main weight of the arch post 2 is positioned at the upright post 21, thereby being beneficial to hoisting the arch post 2.

In the transverse direction, the size of each butt joint frame 22 is 1/4-1/6 of that of the top truss frame 1, and the weight distribution of the three parts of the main truss is relatively uniform, so that the lifting is facilitated; the other ends of the two butt-joint frames 22 are fixedly connected with the two ends of the top truss frame 1 respectively, and the two butt-joint frames 22 are connected with the top truss frame 1 to form an arched truss. As shown in fig. 3, the butt joint position HJ of the butt joint frame 22 in the arched truss and the top truss 1. The top of the greenhouse can be stressed and decomposed onto the upright posts 21 at the two lateral sides by utilizing the arched truss, and the upright posts 21 increase the height of the arched truss and increase the space inside the greenhouse; the upright posts 21 are obliquely arranged, so that the acting force of the arched truss applies the main support 3 along the oblique direction of the upright posts 21, the top of the upright posts 21 is prevented from being inclined and collapsed outside the super greenhouse, and the structural strength is improved.

As shown in fig. 4, the arched truss is divided into three sections, a top truss 1 and two butt-joint frames 22, and each butt-joint frame 22 and each upright post 21 are connected into an integral structure, namely, an arch post 2. The two arch columns 2 and the top truss 1 can be welded and assembled on the horizontal ground respectively, so that welding between the rod pieces is facilitated, the field gas shielded welding difficulty is reduced, and the welding reliability is ensured. And then the three are connected together after being hoisted, and only the butt joint part is required to be welded in high altitude, so that the problem that the whole hoisting difficulty of the arched truss is large due to the span is avoided.

As shown in fig. 3, the top surface 101 of the arched girder has a dimension W1 in the transverse direction 9-10 times its longitudinal dimension H1 so that the greenhouse forms a large span in the transverse direction. The size of the arched truss is gradually increased from the middle to the two ends, so that the arched truss is lighter in weight at the transverse middle position, and the stability of the whole truss structure is improved.

The included angle alpha between the outer side surface 212 and the horizontal plane is 85-86 degrees, and the included angle beta between the inner side surface 211 and the horizontal plane is 81-82 degrees, so that the inclination angle of the upright post 21 is smaller, and the space inside the greenhouse is as large as possible. The included angle between the inner side surface 211 and the outer side surface 212 is 3-5 degrees, so that the change amplitude of the cross section area of the upright post 21 is small, the structural strength of the upright post 21 is improved, and the preparation and the forming are convenient. In the longitudinal direction, the dimension H2 of the outer side 212 is 2-3 times the dimension H1 of the top face 101 of the arched girder so as to support the arched girder to a higher position, increasing the space between the two upright posts 21.

In this embodiment, the overall transverse dimension of the first main truss 10 is 105 meters, and the height is 39.2 meters, that is, the overall transverse span of the greenhouse truss is more than 100 meters, and the height is approximately 40 meters, and the large-span and high-height greenhouse truss can be realized by using the main truss structure provided by the invention.

As shown in fig. 5 and 7, the arched truss includes two upper chords 11, where the two upper chords 11 are respectively located at two longitudinal sides of the top surface 101 of the arched truss, i.e., a region between the two upper chords 11 is the top surface 101 of the arched truss. Each upper chord 11 is in the same plane with the corresponding elevation 213, i.e. the arch springing 2 and the roof truss 1 have the same size in the longitudinal direction, so that the butt-joint frame 22 and the upright posts 21 can be assembled and positioned, and the size of each position of the single greenhouse truss in the longitudinal direction is a preset fixed value. Both ends of each upper chord 11 are respectively connected to the top ends of the outer side surfaces 212 of the two upright posts 21 to facilitate the connection between the ends of the upper chords 11 and the upright posts 21.

As shown in fig. 7, the arched truss of the first main truss 10 is an inverted triangle stereoscopic truss structure, the structural strength is high, the first main truss 10 further includes a lower chord 12, the size of the arched truss gradually increases from the middle to the two ends in the vertical direction, that is, the distance between the upper chord 11 and the lower chord 12 in the vertical direction gradually increases from the middle to the two ends, so as to reduce the length of the web rod at the middle position of the arched truss, thereby reducing the weight at the middle position thereof, and being beneficial to the stability of the whole main truss structure.

The lower strings 12 and the upper strings 11 and the two upper strings 11 are connected through a plurality of web members 13, and the web members 13 are sequentially connected in a fold line shape, so that the web members 13 are connected with the lower strings 12 and the web members 13 are connected with the upper strings 11 to form a plurality of triangle structures.

More specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the plurality of web members 13 between the two upper strings 11 include a straight web member 131 and a diagonal web member 132, the straight web member 131 is horizontally disposed along a longitudinal direction, the plurality of straight web members 131 are horizontally arranged at intervals, two ends of the diagonal web member 132 are respectively connected to the two upper strings 11, and the two connected straight web members 131 are respectively connected to each other, so that the straight web member 131, the diagonal web member 132, and the upper strings 11 are connected in a right triangle structure. The two transverse sides of the arched truss are symmetrical structures, and two inclined web members positioned in the middle of the arched truss are arranged in a crossing manner. The vertical web member 131 is horizontally arranged along the longitudinal direction and is vertically and fixedly connected with the upper chord 11, so that the horizontal posture of the arched truss can be conveniently calibrated, and the arched truss is conveniently hoisted.

The web members 13 between the upper chord 11 and the lower chord 12 are inclined web members 132, two adjacent inclined web members 132 are connected with the upper chord 11 to form an isosceles triangle, and the adjacent inclined web members 132 are also connected with the lower chord 12 to form an isosceles triangle.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, a cable mechanism 4 is provided below the arched truss of the first main truss 10, for improving the structural strength of the arched truss. The cable mechanism 4 comprises a cable 41 and a plurality of suspenders 42, the suspenders 42 are distributed at intervals in the transverse direction, each suspender 42 is arranged in the vertical direction, the top end of each suspender 42 is fixedly connected to the lower chord 12 positioned on the top truss 1, the bottom end of each suspender 42 is connected with the cable 41, the cable 41 is arranged in the transverse direction, and the two ends of the cable 41 are respectively connected to the arched truss. The structural strength of the truss arch can be improved by the stay wires 41. In this embodiment, the two ends of the stay 41 are connected to the two ends of the lower chord 12 of the top truss 1, respectively, and here, in other embodiments, the two ends of the stay 41 may be connected to the lower chords 12 of the two butt brackets 22, respectively.

The bottom of the upright 21 has an inverted quadrangular pyramid shape so that its bottom end is connected to one main support 3, and so that the connection point is on the same plane as the outer side 212, and is at a position intermediate the two upright surfaces 213.

The upper chord 11 and the lower chord 12 are both chord pipes, and are made of tubular steel pipes, and the chord pipes are connected through a plurality of web members 13 to form a plurality of triangular structures. As shown in fig. 8, the chord tube disposed on the top truss 1 is a middle tube 1001, the chord tube disposed on the butt-joint frame 22 is an end tube 1002, the outer diameter of the middle tube 1001 is the same as the outer diameter of the end tube 1002, and the inner diameter of the end tube 1002 is smaller than the inner diameter of the middle tube 1001, so that the wall thickness of the end tube 1002 is larger than the wall thickness of the middle tube 1001, and the structural strength of the butt-joint frame 22 is larger.

The intermediate pipe 1001 is internally fixed with a liner pipe 1003, the liner pipe 1003 axially protrudes out of the intermediate pipe 1001, a butt joint inclined plane is arranged at the periphery of the protruding end of the liner pipe 1003, an inner inclined plane matched with the butt joint inclined plane is arranged at the inner side of the end part of the end pipe 1002, and the butt joint between the intermediate pipe 1001 and the end pipe 1002 can be facilitated by using the liner pipe 1003, so that the butt joint frame 22 and the top truss frame 1 are correspondingly connected.

The end of the intermediate pipe 1001 is spaced from the end of the end pipe 1002, and the intermediate pipe 1001 and the end pipe are butted through the liner pipe 1003 to form a trapezoid groove so as to be welded, and the welding strength of the intermediate pipe and the end pipe is improved. More specifically, the gap between the end of the intermediate tube 1001 and the end tube 1002 is 5mm, and the included angle between the two hypotenuse brackets of the trapezoid groove is 55 ° to facilitate welding and improve the connection strength.

The butt joint position HJ of the intermediate tube 1001 and the end tube 1002 is located at a position intermediate to an edge of the triangle formed by the chord tube and the web member 13, that is, at a welding position of the non-chord tube and the web member 13, so as to improve the butt joint stability by using the triangle formed by the chord tube and the web member 13.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the butt-joint position of the upper chord 11 is close to the upright post 21 relative to the butt-joint position of the lower chord 12, so as to facilitate the butt-joint of the top truss 1 and the butt-joint frame when the top truss 1 is placed on the temporary support frame from top to bottom.

The second main girder 20 is similar to the first main girder 10 in overall shape, except for the bottom end shape of the upright post 21 and the shape of the arched girder, and the structure of the second main girder 20 will be described below.

The projection structures of the second main truss 20 and the first main truss 10 on the planes of the vertical and horizontal directions are the same, so still referring to fig. 3 and 4. The second main truss 20 comprises a top truss 1 and two stiles 2. The two arch columns 2 are symmetrically connected at two transverse ends of the top truss 1. The arch support 2 comprises a vertical column 21 and a butt joint frame 22, and the vertical column 21 and the butt joint frame 22 are connected to form a 7-shaped structure with an obtuse angle. The upright post 21 is a rectangular solid truss structure, the top end of the upright post is inclined towards the top truss 1, and the bottom end of the upright post is connected to the main support 3. The outer circumferential surface of the upright post 21 comprises an inner side surface 211, an outer side surface 212 and two vertical surfaces 213, and the two vertical surfaces 213 are parallel to each other and are oppositely arranged in the longitudinal direction so as to facilitate the corresponding connection between the upright post 21 and the secondary truss 30. The inner side 211 and the outer side 212 are disposed opposite to each other in the lateral direction, and the inner side 211 is close to the top truss 1 relative to the outer side 212, and the distance between the inner side 211 and the outer side 212 gradually decreases from top to bottom. The connection of the main support 3 and the upright post 21 is on the same plane with the outer side surface 212.

In the second main truss 20, as shown in fig. 10, the bottom ends of the upright posts 21 are connected to two main supports 3, and the two main supports 3 are respectively on the same plane with the two vertical surfaces 213. With two main supports 3, stability of the second main truss 20 can be ensured.

The two butt-joint frames 22 are connected with the top truss 1 to form an arched truss, the arched truss of the second main truss 20 is of a rectangular three-dimensional truss structure, namely, the arched truss of the second main truss 20 is provided with two lower chords 12, and the two lower chords 12 are respectively positioned on planes of the two vertical faces 213. To further increase the structural strength of the second main truss 20.

Other portions of the second main truss 20 may be identical in structure to the corresponding portions of the first main truss 10, and will not be described again.

As shown in fig. 9 and 10, a supporting truss 5 is further disposed below the arched truss of the second main truss 20, and the second main truss 20 and the supporting truss 5 may form a gable wall of the greenhouse, so as to improve structural strength and wind resistance at two ends of the greenhouse.

The support truss 5 includes a plurality of first support trusses 51 and a plurality of second support trusses 52, and a plurality of first support trusses 51 are arranged along the horizontal direction, and each first support truss 51 is a rectangular solid truss structure that sets up vertically, and its top fixed connection is in a top truss 1, and the bottom is connected to a gable support 35, utilizes a plurality of first support trusses 51 to support the top truss 1. In this embodiment, the number of the first support trusses 51 is four.

The bottom of the first supporting truss 51 is in an inverted quadrangular pyramid shape, and the connection part of the first supporting truss 51 and the gable supporting seat 35 is located on the vertical face 213 of the first main truss 10, which faces away from the second main truss 20, so that the first supporting truss 10 can be deflected under the action of gravity, and the stability of the whole greenhouse is facilitated.

The two lateral sides of the bottom end of the first support truss 51 are further provided with inverted triangle structures to improve the stability of the first support truss 51.

The plurality of second support trusses 52 are arranged in a transverse direction with top ends fixedly connected to the docking rack 22 and bottom ends connected to a concrete pile. The docking bay 22 may be supported by a plurality of second support trusses 52. In this embodiment, four second support trusses 52 are disposed below two docking frames 22.

The second support truss 52 is a planar truss structure arranged vertically and longitudinally, the bottom end of the second support truss is in an inverted triangle structure, the joint of the second support truss 52 and the concrete pile is located on the vertical face 213 of the first main truss 10, which faces away from the second main truss 20, namely, the gable support 35 and the concrete pile are located on the same plane, so that the gable can deviate to the first main truss 10 under the action of gravity, and the stability of the whole greenhouse is facilitated.

The first transverse trusses 53 are arranged between the adjacent first support trusses 51, the first transverse trusses 53 are rectangular three-dimensional truss structures which are transversely arranged, and the connection strength between the plurality of first support trusses 51 can be improved by utilizing the first transverse trusses 53. Two first transverse trusses 53 are arranged between adjacent first support trusses 51, and the two first transverse trusses 53 are vertically arranged so as to further improve the structural strength between the plurality of first support trusses 51.

And second transverse trusses 54 are arranged between the adjacent second support trusses 52, between the second support trusses 52 and the first support trusses 51 and between the second support trusses 52 and the upright posts 21, and the second transverse trusses 54 are plane truss structures arranged along the horizontal plane so as to improve the stability of connection among the first support trusses 51, the second support trusses 52 and the upright posts 21.

The second transverse truss 54 is vertically arranged in two layers to further enhance the stability of the overall structure.

The gable structure formed by the second main truss 20, the first support truss 51, the second support truss 52, the first transverse truss 53 and the second transverse truss 54 has stronger stability, and can effectively improve the overall structural strength and the wind resistance of the greenhouse.

The main support 3 and the gable support 35 have the same structure, and 64 supports are adopted to match the earthquake-resistant spherical hinge support and the concrete pile so as to improve the overall earthquake resistance of the greenhouse. Taking the main support 3 as an example, as shown in fig. 11, the main support 3 includes an anti-seismic spherical hinge support 31 and a concrete pile 32 disposed at the bottom of the anti-seismic spherical hinge support 31, the concrete pile 32 is internally provided with a buried member 33, the buried member 33 includes a plurality of buried ribs 331 disposed vertically and a buried plate 332 fixed on the top of the buried ribs, and the buried plate 332 is disposed horizontally and is located on the top surface 101 of the concrete pile 32. The buried plate 332 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the anti-seismic spherical hinge support 31. An end plate 219 is fixed at the bottom end of the upright post 21 of the arch support 2, and the end plate 219 is fixedly connected with the top of the anti-seismic spherical hinge support 31.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the secondary trusses 30 are horizontally disposed in the longitudinal direction to facilitate connection of adjacent primary trusses. The sub-truss 30 is a triangular stereoscopic truss structure to improve structural strength. Of course, in other embodiments, the secondary truss 30 may also be a rectangular solid truss structure. The secondary trusses 30 between the first main truss 10 and the second main truss 20 and between adjacent first main trusses 10 are connected in the same manner.

8 Secondary trusses 30 are arranged between two adjacent main trusses and are transversely and symmetrically distributed, and the distribution is as follows. A secondary truss 30 is arranged at the vertical middle position of the upright post 21, one secondary truss 30 is arranged at one end of the butt joint frame 22 connected with the upright post 21, namely two secondary trusses 30 are arranged between two adjacent arch posts 2. A truss sub-truss 30 is provided at the junction of each butt-joint frame 22 and the top truss 1 to improve the connection strength of the butt-joint frames 22 and the top truss 1. Two secondary trusses 30 are arranged between the adjacent top trusses 1, and the connection strength between the top trusses 1 can be improved due to the fact that the span of the top trusses 1 is larger.

A secondary truss 30 is further disposed between the lateral middle position of the first main truss 10 and the second main truss 20 to improve the connection strength therebetween and to improve the structural stability of the end portion of the greenhouse.

The two first main trusses 10 positioned at the middle of the greenhouse are separated, namely, the two main trusses are not connected through structures such as the secondary trusses 30, so that the two main trusses are stress-free, and the overall shock resistance of the greenhouse is improved.

The invention also provides a construction method of the greenhouse truss, which is used for assembling and forming the greenhouse truss. The construction method of the greenhouse truss provided by the invention is described in detail below.

The construction method of the greenhouse truss comprises the following steps.

S100, manufacturing trusses, wherein in the step, in the state that the vertical face 213 is horizontal, the bars are respectively assembled to form arch columns 2 and a top truss 1. Because the vertical surface 213 of the arch post 2 and the upper chord 11 of the top truss frame 1 are positioned on the same plane, and are assembled in a horizontal state, the structural size of the main truss can easily reach a preset standard.

More specifically, the rods are assembled using a membrane scaffold. In this step, truss assembly can be performed at the site of the greenhouse truss. As shown in fig. 12, in the greenhouse truss field, a bucket wheel machine foundation is arranged at the transverse middle position of the greenhouse truss field, two sides of the bucket wheel machine foundation are used for arranging tire membrane frames to weld rod pieces, and arch columns 2 and top trusses 1 are formed by assembling.

After the members enter the field, an assembly jig film frame is erected, the line is paid out and measured, and the members such as a lower chord 12, an upper chord 11, a web member 13 and the like of the truss are hoisted. After rechecking, spot welding is fixedly butted, after comprehensive welding, ultrasonic detection is carried out, whether welding is qualified or not is checked, demoulding is carried out after the welding is qualified, and repairing is carried out after the welding is unqualified. According to the process, the arch springing 2 and the top truss 1 are assembled.

When the top truss 1 and the arch stile 2 of a truss main truss are completed, pre-assembling is performed first, the axis, the central line, the elevation control line and the position line of each component of the pre-assembled unit are discharged on the operation platform, and whether the mutual relationship, the size and the like of the pre-assembled unit meet the drawing requirements is checked again. When the truss is pre-assembled, the splicing quality and the size of the truss can be checked, and problems can be found in time to adjust. And positioning according to the design drawing and the deepened design drawing, welding four lug plates at the end part of the truss main pipe to serve as connecting lug plates during butt joint, and cutting off and grinding the lug plates after butt joint of the truss. Then, the upper and lower chord steel pipes of the three-section truss are butted with the steel pipes, lining pipes 1003 (with the length of about 3 cm) are arranged in the upper and lower chord steel pipes of the middle section truss girder, and after the steel pipes are butted in place, the main pipes are fixed by the tightly butted devices.

The cross section of the engineering truss is triangular and rectangular, and the assembling jig frame of the truss is arranged according to the width, the height and the shape and the size of the cross section. The vertical rods of the jig frame material are H-shaped steel, the connecting cross rods and the supports are channel steel, and movable scaffolds are adopted around the spliced jig frame for construction staff to work. And (3) manufacturing a mould jig on the platform, wherein the distance between the mould jig frames and the position of the positioning supporting point are determined according to the positions of the upper chord member and the lower chord member and the position of the node, and manufacturing the integral assembly mould.

S200, sequentially hoisting each main truss from the two longitudinal ends to the middle position of the greenhouse truss. And installing secondary trusses 30 between two adjacent main trusses after hoisting.

The step of hoisting each main truss comprises the following substeps:

S210, hoisting the arch support 2, wherein the bottom end of the arch support 2 is connected with the main support 3.

In this step, as shown in fig. 13, the binding nodes of the reinforcing steel ropes used for hoisting are located at the welding points of the ends of the upper strings 11 of the butt-joint frames 22 and the upright posts 21, and at the welding points of the string pipes and the web members 13 at the middle positions of the upper strings 11 of the butt-joint frames 22 in the transverse direction. So that the arch support 2 is lifted to be close to the preset inclination angle, and the arch support 2 is connected with the main support 3 conveniently.

Before the arch support 2 is hoisted, a concrete pile with an embedded part can be installed, the main support 3 is installed on the concrete pile, and the concrete pile and the main support can be arranged simultaneously with the step S100.

Temporary support frames corresponding to the main trusses are arranged before the arch support 2 is hoisted.

S220, hoisting the top truss 1, respectively butting the two ends of the top truss 1 with the butting frames 22 of the two arch springing columns 2, and welding the top truss 1 with the butting frames 22.

In this step, as shown in fig. 14, the binding nodes of the reinforcing steel ropes used for hoisting are located at the welding points of the upper chord 11 and the web members 13 of the top truss 1, and the distance between the two binding nodes is 55% -65% of the transverse dimension of the top truss 1, so that the top truss 1 is stably hoisted.

After the hoisting is completed for 2-3 truss main girders, a pre-stress cable 41 is provided to the first main girder 10. The method specifically comprises the following substeps.

The blanking length of the pre-stressing cable 41 is determined. In the deepened design model, the distance between the pin shafts at the two ends of the first main truss 10 in a natural state is taken as the blanking length of the inhaul cable 41.

The prestress tensioning general sequence in the self-weight state of the first main truss 10: and tensioning the first main trusses 10 one by one according to the installation sequence of the first main trusses 10, taking one first main truss 10 as a tensioning unit, and dismantling a temporary support frame of the tensioning unit after tensioning one unit.

Tensioning time node of prestressed cable 41: the tensioning time point is that before the temporary support is removed, the tensioning force is the designed cable force (the designed cable force is rechecked by 3D3S software through a deep design model of a processing plant) of the first main truss 10 under the dead weight state, and the designed cable force is tensioned to 200KN under the dead weight load at one time.

The stretching of the inhaul cable 41 adopts double control of the vertical displacement and the cable force of the first main truss 10, the cable force and the zipper elongation are controlled mainly, and the vertical displacement of the data control point is controlled as an auxiliary. If abnormality is found, the tensioning should be suspended, and the tensioning is performed after measures are taken for finding out reasons.

The whole main trusses from two ends to the middle position of the greenhouse are sequentially named as a1 st truss, a2 nd truss, a 3 rd truss … … th truss and a 13 th truss, the transverse directions of all supports are 1 axis, namely 2 axes are spanned by a second main truss 20 of the gable wall, and 1 axis is spanned by each first main truss 10. The installation sequence is as follows.

The method comprises the steps of 1 st truss (mountain wall span 1, 2 axis), 2 nd truss (3 axis), 2-3 shaft middle secondary truss 30 and support installation, 3 rd truss (4 axis), 3-4 shaft middle support truss 5 installation, 4 th truss (5 axis), 4-5 shaft middle support truss 5 installation, 1 st truss (1, 2 axis) applying prestress to mountain wall span column middle support, 2 nd, 3 and 4 th truss applying prestress in sequence, 1 st truss (1, 2 axis) unloading (removing tower crane section, cable rope), 5 th truss (6 axis) truss installation and secondary truss 30 support system installation, 2 nd truss (3 axis) unloading (removing tower crane section, cable rope), 6 th truss (7 axis) truss installation and secondary truss 30 installation, 3 rd truss (4 axis) unloading (removing tower crane section, cable rope) … … until the installation is completed.

According to the main truss, the corresponding greenhouse truss and the construction method thereof provided by the invention, the arched truss is divided into three sections, the top truss and two butt-joint frames, each butt-joint frame and each upright post are connected into an integral structure, namely an arch leg post, the two arch leg posts and the top truss can respectively weld and assemble the rod pieces on the horizontal ground to form, so that the welding between the rod pieces is facilitated, the field gas shielded welding difficulty is reduced, and the welding reliability is ensured; then the three are connected together after being hoisted, and only the butt joint part is needed to be welded in high altitude, so that the problem of high overall hoisting difficulty of the arched truss due to large span is avoided, and the arched truss is easy to install; the top end of the upright post is biased to the top truss, and the bottom end of the upright post is biased to the outer side of the first main truss by the structure; the distance between the inner side surface and the outer side surface is gradually reduced, and the joint of the main support and the upright post is on the same plane with the outer side surface, so that the stress of the upright post is gradually concentrated to the joint of the bottom of the upright post and the main support, and the stability and the reliability of the whole main truss are improved; the size of the butt joint frame in the transverse direction is smaller than that of the vertical column, so that the butt joint frame occupies a small proportion of the whole arch leg column, the weight ratio is small, and the main weight of the arch leg column is positioned at the vertical column, thereby being beneficial to hoisting the arch leg column; the size of each butt joint frame is 1/4-1/6 of that of the top truss, and the weight distribution of the three parts of the main truss is relatively uniform, so that the hoisting is facilitated.

In summary, although the present invention has been described in terms of the preferred embodiments, the above-mentioned embodiments are not intended to limit the invention, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications and alterations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, so that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. The main truss is used for a greenhouse truss and is characterized by comprising a top truss and two arch legs, wherein the two arch legs are symmetrically connected to two transverse ends of the top truss;

The arch support comprises a vertical column and a butt joint frame, the vertical column is of a rectangular three-dimensional truss structure, the top end of the vertical column is inclined towards the top truss, the bottom end of the vertical column is connected to the main support, the outer peripheral surface of the vertical column comprises an inner side surface, an outer side surface and two vertical surfaces, and the two vertical surfaces are parallel to each other and are oppositely arranged in the longitudinal direction; the inner side surface and the outer side surface are arranged transversely opposite to each other, the inner side surface is close to the top truss relative to the outer side surface, and the distance between the inner side surface and the outer side surface is gradually reduced from top to bottom; the joint of the main support and the upright post is positioned on the same plane with the outer side surface;

One end of the butt joint frame is fixedly connected with the top end of the upright post, and the transverse dimension of the butt joint frame is smaller than the vertical dimension of the upright post; in the transverse direction, the size of each butt-joint frame is 1/4-1/6 of that of the top truss, the other ends of the two butt-joint frames are fixedly connected with the two ends of the top truss respectively, and the two butt-joint frames are connected with the top truss to form an arched truss.

2. The main truss of claim 1 wherein the angle between the outer side and horizontal is 85 ° -86 °, and the angle between the inner side and horizontal is 81 ° -82 °;

In the longitudinal direction, the dimension of the outer side surface is 2-3 times the dimension of the top surface of the arched truss.

3. The main truss of claim 2 wherein the size of the arched truss increases progressively in the vertical direction from the middle to the ends.

4. A main truss according to any of claims 1-3, wherein said arched truss comprises two upper chords, said upper chords being located at respective longitudinal sides of the top surface of said arched truss; the two upper chords are respectively located on the same plane with the two vertical faces, and two ends of each upper chord are respectively connected to the top ends of the outer side faces of the two upright posts.

5. The main truss of claim 4, wherein the arched truss further comprises a lower chord, the upper chord and the lower chord are chord tubes, and the chord tubes are connected by a plurality of web members to form a plurality of triangular structures; the chord tube arranged on the top truss is a middle tube, the chord tube arranged on the butt joint frame is an end tube, the outer diameter of the middle tube is the same as that of the end tube, and the inner diameter of the end tube is smaller than that of the middle tube; the inner side of the end part of the end pipe is provided with an inner inclined surface matched with the butt joint inclined surface.

6. The main truss of claim 4, wherein the arched truss is an inverted triangular stereoscopic truss structure or a rectangular stereoscopic truss structure.

7. The main truss of claim 4 wherein the bottom of the upright post is in the shape of an inverted quadrangular pyramid with its bottom end connected to a main support; or alternatively

The bottom ends of the upright posts are connected to the two main support seats, and the two main support seats are respectively positioned on the same plane with the two vertical faces.

8. A greenhouse truss, comprising a plurality of main trusses according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and a plurality of sub-trusses, wherein the main trusses are arranged at intervals in the longitudinal direction, and the sub-trusses are connected between adjacent main trusses.

9. The greenhouse truss of claim 8, wherein a plurality of main trusses located in the middle of the longitudinal direction of the greenhouse truss are first main trusses, and two main trusses located at both ends of the longitudinal direction of the greenhouse truss are second main trusses;

The arch truss of the first main truss is of an inverted triangle three-dimensional truss structure, a guy rope mechanism is arranged below the arch truss of the first main truss, the bottom of the upright post of the first main truss is in an inverted quadrangular oblique cone shape, and the bottom of the upright post of the first main truss is connected to a main support;

the arched truss of the second main truss is of a rectangular three-dimensional truss structure, and a supporting truss is arranged below the arched truss; the bottom ends of the upright posts of the second main truss are connected to the two main supports.

10. A construction method for installing and forming the greenhouse truss according to claim 8 or 9, the construction method comprising the steps of:

Respectively assembling to form arch legs and a top truss when the vertical face is in a horizontal state; and

Sequentially hoisting each main truss from the two longitudinal ends to the middle position of the greenhouse truss; installing secondary trusses between two adjacent main trusses after hoisting is completed;

wherein, the step of hoisting each main truss comprises the following substeps:

Hoisting the arch springing, wherein the bottom end of the arch springing is connected with a main support; and

And hoisting the top truss, respectively butting two butt-joint frames of the arch springing columns at two ends of the top truss, and welding the top truss with the butt-joint frames.