Background
For some high-rise concrete buildings, due to the requirement of elevation modeling, a large overhanging structure is often arranged on a roof layer or several upper layers, due to the high elevation of an overhanging position, a scaffold which falls to the ground cannot be arranged outside the building, a vertical rod of a template support of the overhanging structure has no stress point, and the problem of high formwork support becomes the key point and difficulty of construction.
In the past, according to the position of a cantilever structure of a building, an embedded part is arranged on a floor on the lower layer in advance, and an I-shaped cantilever steel beam is arranged and used as a vertical rod stress point of a template support of the cantilever structure on the upper layer.
The defects of the prior art are as follows:
1. because the girder steel of encorbelmenting directly is as the pole setting stress point of upper strata formwork support, all should set up girder steel and bracing under every row of pole setting, so pre-buried work on the major structure is more, need carry out strict control to the location of built-in fitting during the construction in addition, avoids the built-in fitting to produce too big skew during concrete placement to the built-in fitting can not be covered by the concrete, and the degree of difficulty is great during the construction operation.
2. The cantilever steel beam has an upward tension effect on a lower floor slab, which is opposite to the stress direction of the floor slab in normal use, a stress reinforcing mesh needs to be arranged at the middle upper part of a floor slab span and the stress of the floor slab span is rechecked, meanwhile, the floor slab is thin, and an embedded part inevitably penetrates through the floor slab to cause permanent damage to the floor slab.
3. When the layer height is higher, the stability of bearing diagonal is difficult to move and guarantees, need increase the horizontal pole in the middle part of supporting, and the support system is too complicated, and difficult operation during high altitude construction.
4. Traditional construction scheme is applicable to the engineering that the structural plane is simple, regular, and when the structural plane is unsmooth irregular, each length of encorbelmenting is different, and each girder steel atress of encorbelmenting is different, and plane length is different, leads to a formwork system too complicated, and traditional construction scheme is no longer suitable.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to effectively solve the problems in the background art, the utility model provides a formwork system of a high-rise cantilever concrete structure.
The specific technical scheme is as follows;
a formwork system of a high-rise cantilever concrete structure comprises a horizontal steel beam, a pre-buried horizontal steel beam, an inclined support, a horizontal support and a Bailey beam; the embedded horizontal steel beam is embedded in a concrete beam of the main structure, shear-resistant studs are arranged on steel beam flanges of the embedded horizontal steel beam, two connecting plates are arranged on two sides of a joint of the embedded horizontal steel beam and the horizontal steel beam respectively, the connecting plates are fixed with the embedded horizontal steel beam and the horizontal steel beam through high-strength bolts, and the embedded horizontal steel beam is connected with flanges of the horizontal steel beam through butt welding seams; an inclined support embedded part is embedded in the concrete column below the embedded horizontal steel beam, the root of the inclined support is welded with the inclined support embedded part, and the top of the inclined support is welded with the horizontal steel beam; a horizontal support embedded part is embedded in the concrete beam at one side of the embedded horizontal steel beam, one end of the horizontal support is fixedly connected with the horizontal support embedded part through a bolt, and the other end of the horizontal support is fixedly connected with a stiffening rib plate of the horizontal support through a bolt; and a Bailey beam is arranged between the horizontal steel beams, and the Bailey beam and the horizontal steel beams are bound and fixed through steel ropes.
Preferably, the horizontal steel beam section adopts welding H shaped steel, and the bearing diagonal section adopts rectangle square steel pipe.
Preferably, the inclined support embedded parts are embedded in the concrete beam through anchoring steel bars and shear keys.
Preferably, the end plates are welded at two ends of the horizontal support, the end plate connecting plates are welded at the outer ends of the end plates, the horizontal support embedded part comprises anchoring reinforcing steel bars, embedded plates and embedded plate connecting plates, the embedded plates and the anchoring reinforcing steel bars are embedded in the concrete beam, the embedded plate connecting plates are welded on the outer sides of the embedded plates, and the embedded plate connecting plates and the end plate connecting plates are fixedly connected through bolts.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that: 1. in the support system, only the steel structure support is connected with the main body at the structural column, so that the pre-embedded work in the construction process of the main body structure is greatly reduced, and the problems that the pre-embedded part is difficult to position in the concrete pouring process of the floor slab and the like are solved.
2. In the support system, main support members are processed and installed in a factory, and only steel supports need to be hoisted and connected with the main body on site, so that site construction operation, particularly high-altitude operation, is greatly reduced, the construction operation is simple, the construction risk is low, and meanwhile, the safety and the construction quality of constructors are ensured.
3. In the support system, the construction load of the upper structure is completely transmitted to the main structure column through the Bailey beam and the steel structure support, the safety degree of the support system is higher, and the permanent damage to the structural floor slab is also avoided.
4. According to the support system, the template support platform is erected through the Bailey beams among the steel structure supports, the length of the steel supports can be adjusted according to the plane range of the upper overhanging structure, and the support system is suitable for different overhanging lengths and structural forms with irregular plane concave-convex.
Detailed Description
Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "above … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial relationship to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" can include both an orientation of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may also be oriented 90 degrees or at other orientations and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
The following detailed description of the preferred embodiments will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings. As shown in fig. 1, a formwork system of a high-rise cantilever concrete structure comprises a horizontal steel beam 1, a pre-buried horizontal steel beam 2, an inclined support 3 and a horizontal support 4; the embedded horizontal steel beam is embedded in a concrete beam 5 of the main structure, shear-resistant studs 6 are arranged on the steel beam flanges of the embedded horizontal steel beam, two connecting plates 7 are respectively arranged on two sides of the joint of the embedded horizontal steel beam and the horizontal steel beam, the connecting plates are fixed with the embedded horizontal steel beam and the horizontal steel beam through high-strength bolts 8, and the embedded horizontal steel beam is connected with the flanges of the horizontal steel beam through butt welding seams; an inclined support embedded part 9 is embedded in the concrete beam below the embedded horizontal steel beam, the root part of the inclined support is welded with the inclined support embedded part, and the top part of the inclined support is welded with the horizontal steel beam; a horizontal support embedded part 10 is embedded in a concrete beam on one side of the embedded horizontal steel beam, one end of the horizontal support is fixedly connected with the horizontal support embedded part through a bolt 11, and the other end of the horizontal support is fixedly connected with a stiffening rib plate 12 of the horizontal steel beam through a bolt.
The inclined support embedded parts are embedded in the concrete beam through anchoring steel bars 13 and shear keys 14. The two ends of the horizontal support are welded with end plates 15, the outer ends of the end plates are welded with end plate connecting plates 16, the horizontal support embedded parts comprise anchoring reinforcing steel bars, embedded plates 17 and embedded plate connecting plates 18, the embedded plates and the anchoring reinforcing steel bars are embedded in the concrete columns, the embedded plate connecting plates are welded on the outer sides of the embedded plates, and the embedded plate connecting plates and the end plate connecting plates are fixedly connected through bolts.
During construction:
1. and determining the position of the steel structure support. The steel structure supports are arranged at the main structure columns, and the plane range between the supports can cover the formwork range of the upper cantilever structure. Fig. 1 and 2 are elevation and plan views of the steel structure support, wherein the elevations of the roots of the horizontal steel beam and the inclined support are arranged at the elevation of the main structure floor (so as to ensure that the axial force of the steel support directly acts on the concrete floor surface and reduce the stress influence on the structural column), and the length of the horizontal steel beam is determined according to the formwork supporting range of the upper overhanging structure. Meanwhile, a horizontal support is arranged outside the horizontal plane of the steel support (so as to ensure the out-of-plane stability of the steel support), and the horizontal support is connected to the main structure beam.
2. And determining the section dimension of each component supported by the steel structure. And (3) counting all loads (including dead weight loads of the Bailey beam, the I-steel, the support scaffold and the cantilever concrete structure and construction live loads) born by the steel structure support, carrying out stress calculation on the steel structure support, and determining the section sizes of the horizontal steel beam and the inclined support according to the internal force of each member. Wherein, horizontal girder steel cross-section adopts welding H shaped steel, and the bearing diagonal cross-section adopts rectangle square steel pipe. The size of the cross section of the horizontal support should meet the slenderness ratio limit of the compression rod, and the cross section of the out-of-plane support adopts a circular tube.
3. And determining the splicing method of the horizontal steel beam. For the convenience of construction operation, the horizontal steel beam should be divided into two sections, as shown in fig. 3. The embedded horizontal steel beam is pre-embedded in a concrete beam of the main structure in advance, shear-resistant studs are arranged on the steel beam flanges (the length of the embedded horizontal steel beam and the number of the studs are determined according to the internal force calculation of the horizontal steel beam), the horizontal steel beam is connected with the inclined supports through butt welding, and stiffening rib plates are arranged at the welding positions. The horizontal steel beam 1 and the pre-buried horizontal steel beam 2 are spliced by adopting bolting and welding, the steel beam web connecting plate is a double-side connecting plate, the thickness of the connecting plate is equal to that of the steel beam web, the connecting bolts are high-strength bolts, the number of the bolts is determined according to the internal force of the horizontal beam, and the steel beam flanges are connected by adopting butt welding seams.
4. And determining the sizes of embedded parts of the inclined supports. And arranging embedded parts at the joints of the oblique support roots and the concrete structure, and connecting the embedded parts by welding, as shown in figure 4. The size of the embedded plate, the diameter and the number of the anchoring steel bars are determined by the embedded part according to the inclination angle and the internal force of the inclined support, and in addition, the shear resistance of the embedded part is improved by the embedded part according to shear keys.
5. The embedment dimensions of the horizontal out-of-plane support are determined. For convenience of construction, embedded parts are arranged at the joints of the out-of-plane horizontal supports and the concrete structure and are connected by adopting common bolts, and the horizontal supports and the horizontal steel beams are connected by adopting common bolts, as shown in fig. 5 and 6. The number of the bolts and the size of the connecting plate are determined according to the size of the supporting section, and the size of the embedded plate, the diameter of the anchoring steel bar and the number of the embedded plate are determined according to the size of the connecting plate.
6. After the sizes of all components and embedded parts of the steel support are determined, the components and the embedded parts are processed and manufactured in a factory.
7. When the concrete main body structure is constructed, pre-buried construction is carried out on pre-buried horizontal steel beams, inclined supports and embedded parts of the horizontal supports, and measures are taken to ensure positioning accuracy when the concrete main body structure is buried.
8. The non-embedded components of the steel support are assembled and connected in a factory, the steel support is integrally hoisted by a crane after being transported to a construction site, and after being hoisted to a corresponding position, constructors are connected with the horizontal beam section in a splicing manner to weld the inclined strut and the embedded part in the concrete column.
9. And hoisting the out-of-plane horizontal support, and after hoisting the out-of-plane horizontal support to a corresponding position, respectively connecting the support with the embedded parts in the horizontal steel beam and the concrete beam by bolts by constructors.
10. And hoisting the Bailey beam 19. And connecting the Bailey sheets into Bailey beams with required length by using special bolts on the roof panel, and hoisting the Bailey beams into positions by using a tower crane and fixing the Bailey beams, wherein the distance between the Bailey beams is 1 m.
11. And erecting the I-shaped steel 20. The I-steel is erected and installed in a tower crane matching mode, the distance is noticed during installation, and the I-steel is matched with an upper scaffold to be implemented. As shown in fig. 7.
12. The upper layer supporting scaffold 21 and the template are erected.
13. The rebar of the cantilevered structure 22 is installed.
14. And pouring and maintaining concrete of the cantilever structure, and monitoring the supporting system in real time.
15. And after the concrete is cured, dismantling the cantilever support system.
(1) Firstly, the formwork is dismantled and the scaffold is supported.
(2) And then removing the I-steel and the Bailey beam. And (4) dismantling the Bailey beam, reserving a hoisting hole by using the roof panel, and burying the hoisting hole when pouring concrete.
(3) And finally, dismantling the steel structure support. The method is characterized in that oxyacetylene is adopted to cut the root part of the steel structure connected with the main structure, fireproof and anti-falling measures are taken during cutting, and the surface of the concrete is polished after the cutting is finished, so that the surface smoothness is ensured.
The steel structure support can be used in a large cantilever concrete structure support system of various high-rise buildings, in particular to the project with large cantilever length and irregular cantilever structure plane shape.
The steel structure support can be used in a large-span concrete structure support system, in particular to projects with few template support positions or poor support conditions.
When length of encorbelmenting is great or major structure layer height is higher, horizontal girder steel and bearing diagonal's length is great, can set up secondary support at the bearing diagonal middle part to reduce horizontal girder steel and bearing diagonal's calculation length and required cross-section, make the steel shotcrete atress more reasonable.
And stiffening ribs can be arranged on the horizontal steel beam according to the position of the upper Bailey beam, so that the shearing resistance bearing capacity of the steel beam is increased.
When the lower end of the inclined support is connected with the embedded part, the vertical stiffening rib can be arranged, so that the connection is more reliable.
When the lower end of the inclined support is connected with the embedded part, bolt connection can be adopted to replace welding connection, so that high-altitude construction operation is simpler.
After the supporting system is installed, a sand bag and the like can be adopted to carry out a loading test on the supporting system, so that the safety and the reliability of the supporting system are ensured.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.