CN118241136A - Processing technology for improving mechanical properties of Ti-Al-V-Cr-Fe low-cost titanium alloy - Google Patents
Processing technology for improving mechanical properties of Ti-Al-V-Cr-Fe low-cost titanium alloy Download PDFInfo
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- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 229910019589 Cr—Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 125
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 101000686227 Homo sapiens Ras-related protein R-Ras2 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102100025003 Ras-related protein R-Ras2 Human genes 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/18—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/183—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon of titanium or alloys based thereon
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
- B21J1/06—Heating or cooling methods or arrangements specially adapted for performing forging or pressing operations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/002—Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
- B21J5/08—Upsetting
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Abstract
The invention discloses a processing technology for improving mechanical properties of Ti-Al-V-Cr-Fe low-cost titanium alloy, which comprises the following steps: 1. performing multiple firing cogging and high-temperature forging on the titanium alloy cast ingot at a temperature above the transformation point; 2. forging below the transformation point temperature; 3. finish forging above the phase transition point temperature; 4. and (3) performing air cooling to room temperature after annealing treatment to obtain the Ti-Al-V-Cr-Fe titanium alloy. The invention adopts a high-low-high forging mode, combines a cooling mode of 'air cooling and water cooling' after forging and annealing treatment to obtain a multi-scale flaky alpha-phase complex microstructure with necklace-shaped crystal boundary alpha-phase and basket distribution, thereby the titanium alloy finished product has higher strength and good plasticity and toughness, and the comprehensive performance of titanium alloy strength-plasticity-toughness is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of titanium alloy, and particularly relates to a processing technology for improving mechanical properties of Ti-Al-V-Cr-Fe low-cost titanium alloy.
Background
Titanium and titanium alloy have been widely used in the marine field due to their excellent combination of low density, high specific strength, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, non-magnetic property, good welding performance, etc. With the continuous increase of the consumption of titanium alloy in the ocean field, development of low-cost titanium alloy and research on preparation technology thereof are urgently needed. In order to develop highly reliable and long-life titanium alloy products, titanium alloys for critical structural members are required to have more excellent toughness matching and damage resistance. At present, the northwest nonferrous metal research institute combines the consideration of reducing the cost of raw materials and recycling returned materials, regulates and controls the components and the content of alloy, designs a novel Ti-Al-V-Cr-Fe system low-cost titanium alloy, and researches the processing and preparation technology of the low-cost titanium alloy, thereby realizing good matching of mechanical properties, expanding the application range of the alloy in the ocean field, and improving the consumption and the application level of the alloy in the ocean field.
The mechanical properties of titanium alloys depend on the microstructure, which in turn is closely related to the processing technique. Research shows that the factors such as the size, volume fraction, position distribution and the like of alpha phase in the titanium alloy obviously influence the mechanical properties of the alloy. The equiaxed alpha phase has good coordination deformability and is beneficial to improving plasticity. The lamellar alpha phase can effectively prevent crack growth and is beneficial to improving fracture toughness, but the lamellar alpha phase which is continuously distributed at the beta grain boundary is easy to trigger crack growth along the crystal, thereby greatly reducing fracture toughness. The thickness of alpha phase of the intra-crystal lamellar has a larger influence on the strength, and the finer the lamellar is, the higher the strength is. Therefore, the precipitation behavior of the alpha phase is regulated and controlled through a reasonable processing means, a multi-stage precipitation phase/multi-layer tissue structure is constructed, and the high-performance low-cost titanium alloy with good strength-plasticity-toughness matching is obtained.
The Chinese patent No. 202311569275.2, a preparation method of Ti60 titanium alloy large-sized bar, obtains the structure with uniform core and edge by combining high-low-high-low forging technology with water cooling and recrystallization beta heat treatment; however, this method is not effective in improving the mechanical properties of the strong-plastic-tough materials. The Chinese patent application No. 202311209252.0, namely a forging method for improving the strength and toughness matching of TC21 titanium alloy, obtains an intermediate blank through quasi-beta forging, and then performs two-phase zone forging on the intermediate blank, wherein compared with the traditional quasi-beta forging process, the strength level of the obtained TC21 titanium alloy is improved by 30MPa to 60MPa, but the fracture toughness is reduced by 5 MPa.m 1/2～8MPa·m1/2; the method also fails to improve the mechanical properties of the strong-tough materials at the same time. Therefore, in the prior art, the improvement of the comprehensive mechanical properties of the titanium alloy cannot be realized by changing the forging process to obtain a uniform structure.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a processing technology for improving the mechanical properties of Ti-Al-V-Cr-Fe low-cost titanium alloy aiming at the defects of the prior art. The process adopts a high-low-high forging mode, combines a cooling mode of 'air cooling and water cooling' after forging and annealing treatment to obtain a multi-scale flaky alpha phase complex microstructure with necklace-shaped crystal boundary alpha phase and basket distribution, greatly improves the comprehensive performance of the strength-plasticity-toughness of the titanium alloy, and solves the problem of poor comprehensive performance matching.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a processing technology for improving mechanical properties of Ti-Al-V-Cr-Fe low-cost titanium alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps:
Step one, performing multiple firing cogging and high-temperature forging on a Ti-Al-V-Cr-Fe system titanium alloy cast ingot with the temperature above the transformation point temperature, performing three upsetting and three drawing in the cogging and high-temperature forging process, and then performing air cooling to room temperature to obtain a primary titanium alloy forging;
Forging the primary titanium alloy forging piece obtained in the first step below the transformation point temperature, performing three upsetting and three drawing in the forging process, and then air-cooling to room temperature to obtain a secondary titanium alloy forging piece;
Step three, performing finish forging of the secondary titanium alloy forging above the phase transition point temperature, performing three upsetting and three drawing in the finish forging process, and then cooling to room temperature in a mode of air cooling and water cooling to obtain a tertiary titanium alloy forging;
Annealing the tertiary titanium alloy forging obtained in the step three, and then air-cooling to room temperature to obtain Ti-Al-V-Cr-Fe titanium alloy; the tensile strength of the Ti-Al-V-Cr-Fe system titanium alloy is more than 1100MPa, the yield strength is more than 1000MPa, the elongation is more than 10%, and the fracture toughness K IC is more than 100MPa m 1/2.
The processing technology for improving the mechanical properties of the Ti-Al-V-Cr-Fe system low-cost titanium alloy is characterized in that the cogging and high-temperature forging temperatures in the first step are 60-210 ℃ above the phase transition point temperature, and the heat preservation time t 1＝(d1×0.6+23)min～(d1 multiplied by 0.6+30) min for each fire, wherein d 1 is the cross section diameter of the Ti-Al-V-Cr-Fe system titanium alloy cast ingot, and the unit is mm.
The processing technology for improving the mechanical properties of the Ti-Al-V-Cr-Fe low-cost titanium alloy is characterized in that the forging temperature in the second step is 20-50 ℃ below the phase transition point temperature, and the heat preservation time t 2＝(d2×0.6+23)min～(d2 multiplied by 0.6+30) min, wherein d 2 is the cross section diameter of the primary titanium alloy forging piece, and the unit is mm. The forging temperature and the heat preservation time selected by the invention can effectively refine grains, and avoid the problem that uniform refined equiaxial alpha grains are difficult to obtain when the forging temperature is 20 ℃ higher than the phase transition point temperature and the problem that titanium alloy is easy to crack when the forging temperature is 50 ℃ lower than the phase transition point temperature.
The processing technology for improving the mechanical properties of the Ti-Al-V-Cr-Fe low-cost titanium alloy is characterized in that the final forging temperature in the third step is 10-50 ℃ above the phase transition point temperature, and the heat preservation time t 3＝(d3×0.6+23)min～(d3 multiplied by 0.6+30) min, wherein d 3 is the cross section diameter of the secondary titanium alloy forging, and the unit is mm. According to the invention, the phase change and the deformation are combined by controlling the temperature and the heat preservation time of the final forging, so that the structure form is constructed, the problem that the strength performance is not improved due to overlarge beta grains when the final forging temperature is 50 ℃ higher than the phase change point temperature is avoided, and the problem that the fracture toughness is not improved due to the fact that excessive equiaxed alpha grains are easily formed in the cooling process of the titanium alloy when the final forging temperature is 10 ℃ lower than the phase change point temperature is avoided.
The processing technology for improving the mechanical properties of the Ti-Al-V-Cr-Fe low-cost titanium alloy is characterized in that the cooling mode in the third step is as follows: air-cooling to 680-710 deg.C, and water-cooling to room temperature. According to the invention, the forged refined grains are supplemented by controlling the cooling mode after forging, and air cooling is firstly carried out to 680-710 ℃ so as to effectively control the scale and content of the forged secondary coarse alpha phase, thereby avoiding the problem that the content of the forged secondary coarse alpha phase is too high when the air cooling is carried out to below 680 ℃, and the problem that the content of the forged secondary coarse alpha phase is too low when the air cooling is carried out to above 710 ℃ so as to be unfavorable for releasing internal stress in the alloy; and then water cooling is carried out after air cooling to improve the supercooling degree, increase the crystallization cores, provide driving force for the phase transformation of the subsequent annealing heat treatment, provide a large number of crystallization cores for the transformation of martensite to strip-shaped alpha phases, and change the precipitation mechanism of beta phases (namely, the induced nucleation under the air cooling condition is changed into an independent nucleation mode).
The processing technology for improving the mechanical properties of the Ti-Al-V-Cr-Fe low-cost titanium alloy is characterized in that the annealing treatment temperature in the fourth step is 880-910 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 1-2 h. According to the invention, through the high-temperature annealing of the parameters, the internal stress generated in the water cooling process after forging is effectively eliminated, the transformation from martensite alpha phase to fine strip alpha phase is promoted, the mechanical property is improved, the difficult problems that the strip alpha phase is large in size and cannot guarantee the strength of the titanium alloy due to the fact that the annealing temperature is higher than 910 ℃ and the heat preservation time is higher than 2 hours and the difficult problem that the internal stress of the titanium alloy cannot be thoroughly eliminated due to the fact that the annealing temperature is lower than 880 ℃ and the heat preservation time is lower than 1 hour are avoided.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. The invention adopts a high-low-high forging mode, combines a cooling mode of 'air cooling and water cooling' after forging and annealing treatment to obtain a multi-scale flaky alpha-phase complex microstructure with necklace-shaped crystal boundary alpha-phase and basket distribution, so that the tensile strength of the titanium alloy is more than 1100MPa, the yield strength is more than 1000MPa, the elongation is more than 10%, the fracture toughness K IC is more than 100 MPa.m 1/2, the limitation that the strength, the plasticity and the toughness performance of the titanium alloy are difficult to be well matched is broken through, and the application requirement of the high-performance low-cost titanium alloy is met.
2. According to the invention, the temperature of final forging is limited to be 10-50 ℃ above the phase transition point temperature, the size of beta grains in a titanium alloy finished product is effectively controlled, the precipitation and growth of alpha phases in secondary crystals are effectively inhibited by combining a cooling process of air cooling and water cooling after final forging, and needle-shaped alpha is precipitated at the beta grain boundary, so that alpha at the grain boundary is in necklace distribution after subsequent annealing treatment, the thickness of alpha sheets in the crystals is uneven and tightly interweaved, and the mechanical property of the titanium alloy product is better matched.
3. The processing technology of the invention is easy to realize, can be widely applied to processing and preparation of two-phase titanium alloy, and has high practical value.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail through the drawings and the embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a microstructure chart (50X) of a cubic titanium alloy forging prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a microstructure (200X) of a Ti-5.88Al-3.92V-1Cr-1Fe titanium alloy prepared in example 1 of the invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The embodiment comprises the following steps:
Step one, performing three-firing cogging and high-temperature forging on a Ti-5.88Al-3.92V-1Cr-1Fe titanium alloy ingot with the cross section diameter d 1 = 180mm, wherein the heat preservation temperature of the first-firing cogging forging is 1150 ℃, the heat preservation temperature of the second-firing forging is 1050 ℃, the heat preservation temperature of the third-firing forging is 1000 ℃, the heat preservation time of each firing is t 1 = 131min, three heading three drawing steps are performed in each firing forging process, and then air cooling is performed to room temperature to obtain a primary titanium alloy forging with the cross section diameter d 2 = 150 mm;
Forging the primary titanium alloy forging obtained in the first step, wherein the forging heat preservation temperature is 920 ℃, the heat preservation time t 2 =113 min, and the forging process is performed with three upsetting and three drawing, and then air cooling is performed to room temperature, so that a secondary titanium alloy forging with the cross section diameter d 3 =150 mm is obtained;
Step three, performing final forging on the secondary titanium alloy forging obtained in the step two, wherein the heat preservation temperature of the final forging is 950 ℃, the heat preservation time t 3 =113 min, and the three upsetting and three drawing are performed in the final forging process, then air cooling is performed to 680 ℃ firstly, and then water cooling is performed to room temperature, so that a tertiary titanium alloy forging is obtained;
Annealing the tertiary titanium alloy forging obtained in the step three, and then air-cooling to room temperature to obtain Ti-5.88Al-3.92V-1Cr-1Fe titanium alloy; the temperature of the annealing treatment is 880 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 1h; the tensile strength of the Ti-5.88Al-3.92V-1Cr-1Fe titanium alloy is more than 1100MPa, the yield strength is more than 1000MPa, the elongation is more than 10%, and the fracture toughness K IC is more than 100MPa m 1/2.
Fig. 1 is a microstructure chart (50×) of a cubic titanium alloy forging prepared in this example, and it can be seen from fig. 1 that the microstructure of the cubic titanium alloy forging prepared in this example consists of elongated β -grains parallel to the drawing direction and a-pieces of uneven thickness, wherein the β -grains are very uneven in size and vary in size from 200 μm to 700 μm, and a large number of grain boundary a phases are present at the grain boundaries of the elongated β -grains, and a large number of a-pieces of uneven thickness are present inside the grains, which are nucleated and grown in the air cooling + water cooling process after forging.
FIG. 2 is a microstructure (200X) of the Ti-5.88Al-3.92V-1Cr-1Fe titanium alloy prepared in this example, and it can be seen from FIG. 2 that the Ti-5.88Al-3.92V-1Cr-1Fe titanium alloy prepared by the forging process and annealing treatment in this example is composed of elongated beta grains, discontinuous grain boundaries alpha and intra-crystalline alpha of basket structure with uneven thickness, and belongs to a multi-scale lamellar structure, so that the Ti-5.88Al-3.92V-1Cr-1Fe alloy has higher strength and good plasticity and toughness.
Example 2
The embodiment comprises the following steps:
step one, performing three-firing cogging and high-temperature forging on a Ti-5.88Al-3.92V-1Cr-1Fe titanium alloy ingot with the cross section diameter d 1 = 180mm, wherein the heat preservation temperature of the first-firing cogging forging is 1150 ℃, the heat preservation temperature of the second-firing forging is 1050 ℃, the heat preservation temperature of the third-firing forging is 1000 ℃, the heat preservation time of each firing is t 1 = 138min, three heading three drawing steps are performed in each firing forging process, and then air cooling is performed to room temperature to obtain a primary titanium alloy forging with the cross section diameter d 2 = 150 mm;
Forging the primary titanium alloy forging obtained in the first step, wherein the forging heat preservation temperature is 890 ℃, the heat preservation time t 2 = 120min, the forging process is performed with three upsetting and three drawing, and then air cooling is performed to room temperature, so that a secondary titanium alloy forging with the cross section diameter d 3 = 150mm is obtained;
Step three, performing final forging on the secondary titanium alloy forging obtained in the step two, wherein the heat preservation temperature of the final forging is 990 ℃, the heat preservation time t 3 =120 min, and the final forging process is performed with three upsetting and three drawing, then air cooling is performed to 710 ℃ firstly, and then water cooling is performed to room temperature, so that a tertiary titanium alloy forging is obtained;
Annealing the tertiary titanium alloy forging obtained in the step three, and then air-cooling to room temperature to obtain Ti-5.88Al-3.92V-1Cr-1Fe titanium alloy; the annealing treatment temperature is 910 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2 hours; the tensile strength of the Ti-5.88Al-3.92V-1Cr-1Fe titanium alloy is more than 1100MPa, the yield strength is more than 1000MPa, the elongation is more than 10%, and the fracture toughness K IC is more than 100MPa m 1/2.
The microstructure of the triple titanium alloy forging prepared by the forging process of the embodiment is detected to be composed of elongated beta grains parallel to the drawing direction and alpha sheets with uneven thickness, wherein the beta grains are quite nonuniform in size and 200-500 mu m in size, a large number of grain boundary alpha phases exist at the grain boundaries of the elongated beta grains, and a large number of alpha sheets with uneven thickness exist in the grains, and the alpha sheets are nucleated and grow in the air cooling and water cooling processes after forging.
The Ti-5.88Al-3.92V-1Cr-1Fe alloy prepared by the forging process and annealing treatment of the embodiment is detected to be composed of drawn beta grains, discontinuous grain boundaries alpha, cluster domain structures with different sizes and intra-crystal alpha of basket structures with uneven thickness, and belongs to multi-layer lamellar structures, so that the Ti-5.88Al-3.92V-1Cr-1Fe alloy has higher strength and good plasticity and toughness.
Example 3
The embodiment comprises the following steps:
Step one, performing three-firing cogging and high-temperature forging on a Ti-5.88Al-3.92V-1Cr-1Fe titanium alloy ingot with the cross section diameter d 1 = 180mm, wherein the heat preservation temperature of the first-firing cogging forging is 1150 ℃, the heat preservation temperature of the second-firing forging is 1050 ℃, the heat preservation temperature of the third-firing forging is 1000 ℃, the heat preservation time of each firing is t 1 = 136min, three heading three drawing steps are performed in each firing forging process, and then air cooling is performed to room temperature to obtain a primary titanium alloy forging with the cross section diameter d 2 = 150 mm;
Forging the primary titanium alloy forging obtained in the first step, wherein the forging heat preservation temperature is 900 ℃, the heat preservation time t 2 = 118min, the forging process is performed with three upsetting and three drawing, and then air cooling is performed to room temperature, so that a secondary titanium alloy forging with the cross section diameter d 3 = 150mm is obtained;
Step three, performing final forging on the secondary titanium alloy forging obtained in the step two, wherein the heat preservation temperature of the final forging is 970 ℃, the heat preservation time t 3 =116 min, and the final forging process is performed with three upsetting and three drawing, then air cooling is performed to 700 ℃, and then water cooling is performed to room temperature, so as to obtain a tertiary titanium alloy forging;
Annealing the tertiary titanium alloy forging obtained in the step three, and then air-cooling to room temperature to obtain Ti-5.88Al-3.92V-1Cr-1Fe titanium alloy; the temperature of the annealing treatment is 900 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 1.5h; the tensile strength of the Ti-5.88Al-3.92V-1Cr-1Fe titanium alloy is more than 1100MPa, the yield strength is more than 1000MPa, the elongation is more than 10%, and the fracture toughness K IC is more than 100MPa m 1/2.
The microstructure of the triple titanium alloy forging prepared by the forging process of the embodiment is detected to be composed of elongated beta grains parallel to the drawing direction and alpha sheets with uneven thickness, wherein the beta grains are quite nonuniform in size and 200-500 mu m in size, a large number of grain boundary alpha phases exist at the grain boundaries of the elongated beta grains, and a large number of alpha sheets with uneven thickness exist in the grains, and the alpha sheets are nucleated and grow in the air cooling and water cooling processes after forging.
The Ti-5.88Al-3.92V-1Cr-1Fe alloy prepared by the forging process and annealing treatment of the embodiment is detected to be composed of drawn beta grains, discontinuous grain boundaries alpha, cluster domain structures with different sizes and intra-crystal alpha of basket structures with uneven thickness, and belongs to multi-layer lamellar structures, so that the Ti-5.88Al-3.92V-1Cr-1Fe alloy has higher strength and good plasticity and toughness.
The mechanical properties of the Ti-5.88Al-3.92V-1Cr-1Fe titanium alloys prepared by the forging process and the annealing treatment in examples 1 to 3 of the present invention were examined, and the results are shown in Table 1 below.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from Table 1, the Ti-5.88Al-3.92V-1Cr-1Fe alloy obtained by forging and annealing treatment according to the invention has higher strength and good plasticity and toughness, and the performance is matched with the performance in the field of titanium alloy at a higher level.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any simple modification, variation and equivalent variation of the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A processing technology for improving mechanical properties of Ti-Al-V-Cr-Fe low-cost titanium alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps:
Step one, performing multiple firing cogging and high-temperature forging on a Ti-Al-V-Cr-Fe system titanium alloy cast ingot with the temperature above the transformation point temperature, performing three upsetting and three drawing in the cogging and high-temperature forging process, and then performing air cooling to room temperature to obtain a primary titanium alloy forging;
Forging the primary titanium alloy forging piece obtained in the first step below the transformation point temperature, performing three upsetting and three drawing in the forging process, and then air-cooling to room temperature to obtain a secondary titanium alloy forging piece;
Step three, performing finish forging of the secondary titanium alloy forging above the phase transition point temperature, performing three upsetting and three drawing in the finish forging process, and then cooling to room temperature in a mode of air cooling and water cooling to obtain a tertiary titanium alloy forging;
Annealing the tertiary titanium alloy forging obtained in the step three, and then air-cooling to room temperature to obtain Ti-Al-V-Cr-Fe titanium alloy; the tensile strength of the Ti-Al-V-Cr-Fe system titanium alloy is more than 1100MPa, the yield strength is more than 1000MPa, the elongation is more than 10%, and the fracture toughness K IC is more than 100MPa m 1/2.
2. The process for improving mechanical properties of a Ti-Al-V-Cr-Fe system titanium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the cogging and high-temperature forging temperatures in the first step are 60-210 ℃ above the transformation point temperature, and the heat preservation time t 1＝(d1×0.6+23)min～(d1 x 0.6+30) min for each fire, wherein d 1 is the cross-sectional diameter of the Ti-Al-V-Cr-Fe system titanium alloy ingot in mm.
3. The process for improving the mechanical properties of a Ti-Al-V-Cr-Fe system low-cost titanium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the forging temperature in the second step is 20-50 ℃ below the transformation point temperature, and the heat preservation time t 2＝(d2×0.6+23)min～(d2 multiplied by 0.6+30) min, wherein d 2 is the cross-sectional diameter of the primary titanium alloy forging in mm.
4. The process for improving the mechanical properties of Ti-Al-V-Cr-Fe system low-cost titanium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the final forging temperature in the step three is 10-50 ℃ above the phase transition point temperature, and the heat preservation time t 3＝(d3×0.6+23)min～(d3 multiplied by 0.6+30) min, wherein d 3 is the cross-sectional diameter of the secondary titanium alloy forging in mm.
5. The process for improving mechanical properties of a Ti-Al-V-Cr-Fe-based low-cost titanium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the cooling means in the third step is as follows: air-cooling to 680-710 deg.C, and water-cooling to room temperature.
6. The process for improving the mechanical properties of Ti-Al-V-Cr-Fe system low-cost titanium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the annealing treatment temperature in the fourth step is 880-910 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 1-2 h.
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