CN118222138B - Preparation method of hyperspectral camouflage coating - Google Patents
Preparation method of hyperspectral camouflage coating Download PDFInfo
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- CN118222138B CN118222138B CN202410207770.7A CN202410207770A CN118222138B CN 118222138 B CN118222138 B CN 118222138B CN 202410207770 A CN202410207770 A CN 202410207770A CN 118222138 B CN118222138 B CN 118222138B
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- camouflage coating
- hyperspectral camouflage
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 164
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 162
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 244000252337 Epipremnum pinnatum Species 0.000 claims description 16
- 244000242564 Osmanthus fragrans Species 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000019083 Osmanthus fragrans Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 240000008669 Hedera helix Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 241001092500 Photinia x fraseri Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- LWBPNIJBHRISSS-UHFFFAOYSA-L beryllium dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Be]Cl LWBPNIJBHRISSS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- HZEWFHLRYVTOIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ti].[Ni] Chemical compound [Ti].[Ni] HZEWFHLRYVTOIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000180 alkyd Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001627 beryllium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Cu]Cl ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003760 magnetic stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- BFDHFSHZJLFAMC-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(ii) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ni+2] BFDHFSHZJLFAMC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000001972 Gardenia jasminoides Species 0.000 claims 4
- UMUXBDSQTCDPJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium titanium Chemical compound [Ti].[Cr] UMUXBDSQTCDPJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 241001464837 Viridiplantae Species 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 14
- 241000157835 Gardenia Species 0.000 description 12
- 238000000985 reflectance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 7
- 241000208341 Hedera Species 0.000 description 6
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 4
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- MOUPNEIJQCETIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead chromate Chemical compound [Pb+2].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O MOUPNEIJQCETIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000003872 anastomosis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000208140 Acer Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920004934 Dacron® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000001058 brown pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940051164 ferric oxide yellow Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001056 green pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003278 mimic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007719 peel strength test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001052 yellow pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D127/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D127/02—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C09D127/12—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D163/00—Coating compositions based on epoxy resins; Coating compositions based on derivatives of epoxy resins
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D175/00—Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D175/04—Polyurethanes
- C09D175/14—Polyurethanes having carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/004—Reflecting paints; Signal paints
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/30—Camouflage paints
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/16—Halogen-containing compounds
- C08K2003/162—Calcium, strontium or barium halides, e.g. calcium, strontium or barium chloride
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2251—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of chromium
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of a vegetation-like solar spectrum coating for hyperspectral camouflage, and belongs to the technical field of hyperspectral camouflage. A base material using varnish as a material, an inorganic monochromatic pigment and an aqueous solution of hygroscopic salt as an additive material of the coating to obtain a mixed solution, and coating the mixed solution on an opaque substrate to obtain a first coating with the thickness of 0.5-1.5 mm; and then coating a varnish with the thickness of 0.05-0.25 mm a on the surface of the coating, and curing to form the hyperspectral camouflage coating. The hyperspectral camouflage coating can finely imitate the spectral characteristics of a vegetation background in the visible light wave band, namely the green peak and the red edge of a green plant leaf, the green edge of a yellow plant leaf, and the near infrared plateau and the water absorption valley of the vegetation background in the near infrared wave band. In addition, the hyperspectral camouflage coating material has higher water retention performance and adhesiveness and higher environmental adaptability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hyperspectral camouflage, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a vegetation-like solar spectrum coating.
Background
In modern war, a 'discovery, i.e. destruction' war mode is entered, and various advanced detection techniques are continuously developed. In the visible light-near infrared band, a hyperspectral remote sensing detection technology with high-precision spectral detection performance has been developed. Therefore, the development of camouflage coatings against hyperspectral remote sensing is highly appreciated by countries around the world for this band. The visible light-near infrared band of 400-2500nm wavelengths belongs to the solar band, so that the hyperspectral remote sensing detects radiant energy which is often the energy of reflected sunlight from the ground object background. In order to achieve good camouflage effect, the coating should have a similar reflection spectrum as the background environment of the ground object. In military battlefields, the common ground object background is the vegetation environment, so the hyperspectral camouflage coating should have a reflection spectrum consistent with the vegetation environment. Plant leaves in a vegetation environment often occupy a large part of the volume, and thus the camouflage coating should have the same color spectrum characteristics as the plant leaves. The vegetation-imitating solar spectrum coating developed in recent years mainly can realize the same-color and same-spectrum characteristics of a visible light wave band and plant leaves, and cannot realize the same-spectrum performance of the plant leaves in a near infrared wave band. In recent years, some vegetation-imitating solar spectrum materials have been developed, and the same-color homospectrum characteristics of visible light-near infrared wave bands and plant leaves can be realized, but the materials do not have high adhesive force characteristics, and can only be applied in the form of camouflage net, and the application forms are greatly limited. Recent researchers have proposed coatings that mimic the 400-2500nm reflectance spectrum of green plant leaves, but do not give a reflectance spectrum profile. The reflectance spectrum of the embodiment in the bionic coating and the preparation method is greatly different from the characteristics of the plant leaves in the near infrared plateau and the water absorption valley, and the method aims at preparing the bionic coating and does not mention the adhesion property of the coating to a substrate. The visible-near infrared hyperspectral camouflage paint, the preparation method and the application thereof have good homochromatic spectrum anastomosis with green plant leaves, but the adhesion performance of the paint to a substrate is still not mentioned. Only one article written by Xu Kai et al tested the peel strength of a hyperspectral camouflage coating prepared on a stainless steel substrate with a roughness Ra average of 0.218 μm using the peel method, the average of the strength being 2.37N/cm. The pull-apart test, however, more accurately reflects the adhesion characteristics of the coating material when it is broken in actual use.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to realize that the camouflage coating has the characteristic of the same color spectrum as the plant leaves and realize camouflage under hyperspectral detection, the invention provides a preparation method of the hyperspectral camouflage coating.
The preparation method of the hyperspectral camouflage coating uses an oily paint as a base material of the coating material and uses inorganic monochromatic pigment and hygroscopic salt water solution as an additive of the coating material;
The specific operation steps are as follows:
(1) Adding 0.1-0.2 part by mass of inorganic monochromatic pigment and 2.5-3 parts by mass of moisture absorption saline solution with the mass concentration of 20% -50% into 6.8-7.4 parts by mass of varnish serving as a base material of a coating material, and magnetically stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed solution of the inorganic monochromatic pigment, the moisture absorption saline solution and the varnish; the hygroscopic salt aqueous solution is obtained by fully dissolving hygroscopic salt powder in deionized water;
(2) Placing the mixed solution in a vacuum defoaming barrel, vacuumizing, coating a substrate by adopting a four-side preparation device to obtain a first layer of coating with the thickness of 0.5-1.5 mm, and curing at room temperature to form a film;
(3) Coating a varnish layer with the thickness of 0.05-0.25 mm a on the film-forming surface of the first layer of coating by using a four-side preparation device, and preparing the hyperspectral camouflage coating after the varnish is solidified into a film;
The substrate of the hyperspectral camouflage coating is transparent oily paint, wherein 25% -30% of moisture absorption saline solution particles with the volume fraction of 20% -50% and the volume fraction of submicron-sized inorganic monochromatic pigment particles are uniformly distributed;
According to the test method in GB/T5210-2006 adhesive force test of colored paint and varnish pulling method, a hyperspectral camouflage coating is coated on a stainless steel substrate with the roughness Ra average value of 0.3 mu m, and the breaking strength average value is more than 110 psi;
the hyperspectral camouflage coating realizes the reflection spectrum which finely imitates the vegetation background in the visible light-near infrared wave band with the wavelength of 400-2500 nm, and comprises a 'high reflection platform' characteristic and a 'water absorption valley' characteristic which imitates the reflection of the visible light wave band and the near infrared wave band;
the spectrum similarity coefficient (CCSM) of the hyperspectral camouflage coating and the natural plant leaves is more than 0.94;
The hyperspectral camouflage coating is placed in an oven at 50 ℃ and 20% RH for drying for 60 hours, and the spectral similarity coefficient (CCSM) of the hyperspectral camouflage coating and the natural plant leaves is still greater than 0.93.
The further defined technical scheme is as follows:
the hyperspectral camouflage coating is a green hyperspectral camouflage coating or a yellow hyperspectral camouflage coating;
The spectral similarity coefficient (CCSM) of the green hyperspectral camouflage coating and green leaves of photinia fraseri, hedera helix, gardenia, scindapsus aureus and osmanthus fragrans is greater than 0.94;
Placing the green hyperspectral camouflage coating in an oven at 50 ℃ and 20% RH for drying for 60 hours, wherein the spectral similarity coefficient (CCSM) of the hyperspectral camouflage coating and green leaves of photinia fraseri, hedera helix, gardenia, scindapsus aureus and osmanthus fragrans is still larger than 0.93;
the spectral similarity coefficient (CCSM) of the yellow hyperspectral camouflage coating and the yellow leaves of the gardenia, the hedera helix, the scindapsus aureus and the osmanthus fragrans is more than 0.96;
The yellow hyperspectral camouflage coating is placed in an oven at 50 ℃ and 20% RH for drying 60 h, and the spectral similarity coefficient (CCSM) of the hyperspectral camouflage coating and the yellow leaves of gardenia, ivy, scindapsus aureus and osmanthus fragrans is still greater than 0.93.
In the step (1), the hygroscopic salt is one of lithium chloride, calcium chloride, potassium chloride, beryllium chloride, aluminum chloride and copper chloride.
In the step (1), the inorganic monochromatic pigment is one of ferric oxide green, chromium oxide green, green nickel oxide, titanium nickel yellow, titanium chrome brown, ferric oxide yellow and titanium chrome yellow.
In the step (1), the varnish is an oily varnish, and the oily varnish is one of epoxy resin paint, acrylic polyurethane paint, fluorocarbon resin paint, alkyd resin paint and aliphatic urethane paint.
In the step (1), magnetic stirring and mixing conditions are as follows: the rotating speed is 400 rpm/min, and the stirring time is 5-10 min.
In the step (2), the vacuumizing time is 5-15 min, and the vacuum degree in the defoaming barrel is 20 Pa.
In the step (2), the curing film forming time at room temperature is 24-48 h.
In the step (3), the material of the substrate is an opaque material.
The opaque material is one of stainless steel, glass fiber reinforced plastic or wood.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
The hyperspectral camouflage coating prepared by the method can realize the same-color and same-spectrum characteristics of the plant leaves in a solar wave band. The reflection spectrum of the plant leaf in the visible light band can be realized through the absorption of inorganic monochromatic pigment particles in a specific band, and the 'near infrared plateau' of the spectral characteristics of the plant leaf in the near infrared band can be realized through the high scattering characteristics of light of inorganic monochromatic pigment particles in submicron size and moisture absorption salt water solution particles in micron-scale spherical shape. The "water absorption valleys" of the plant leaves in the spectral characteristics of the near infrared band can be achieved by the hygroscopic salt solution particles being in the form of micron-sized spheres. Compared with the coating which can simulate the reflection spectrum of the plant leaf in the visible light-near infrared band and appears in recent years, the hyperspectral camouflage coating prepared by the invention can precisely simulate the precise reflection spectrum of the plant leaf in the visible light-near infrared band, and overcomes the defect that the traditional coating can not precisely simulate the reflection characteristic of the near infrared 'water absorption valley' of the plant leaf. In recent years, camouflage materials which can simulate the reflection spectrum of plant leaves in the visible light-near infrared band have general water-retaining property. For example, the camouflage material developed by Shen Tao et al has a water content reduced by more than 90% after being placed in a 50 ℃ oven for 20: 20h, and the reflectivity changes about 1460nm and 1940 nm are respectively greater than 20% and 10%; the camouflage fabric developed by Hu Anran et al has a reflectance of about 6% in the whole 800-1300 nm band after being placed in the natural environment of 48: 48 h. After the hyperspectral camouflage coating prepared by the invention is placed in a baking oven at 50 ℃ and 20% RH for baking 60 h, the reflection spectrum of the hyperspectral camouflage coating has little change compared with the initial reflection spectrum, the spectrum anastomosis with the natural plant leaves is still good, and the change of the reflection rate is respectively lower than 4.2% and 1.4% near 1460nm and 1940 and nm. Before drying, the spectral similarity coefficient CCSM of the coating and the natural plant leaves is greater than 0.94. After drying, the spectral similarity coefficient CCSM is still greater than 0.93. Compared with camouflage materials in the literature, the hyperspectral camouflage coating has better water retention performance, because the activity of water in moisture absorption saline solution particles in the hyperspectral camouflage coating is low, and the mass transfer coefficient of water vapor in a solid paint material is very low, thereby being beneficial to reducing the loss rate of water.
In addition, the hyperspectral camouflage coating prepared in the example was tested for adhesion using the pull-off method, and the test procedure followed the national standard GB/T5210-2006, paint and varnish pull-off method adhesion test. The test results show that the hyperspectral camouflage coating coated on the stainless steel substrate with the roughness Ra average value of 0.3 mu m has the breaking strength average value of more than 110 psi, which indicates that the hyperspectral camouflage coating prepared by the method has good adhesion performance. It was found by examining the literature that no one has yet developed a peel strength test for camouflage material using the pull-apart method, and that only one article written by Xu Kai et al has tested the peel strength of camouflage coating made on a stainless steel substrate having an average roughness Ra of 0.218 μm using the peel method, the average of the strength being 2.37N/cm. However, the pull-apart test is more accurate in reflecting the adhesion characteristics of the coating material when it is damaged in practical use. Compared with the camouflage material which can imitate the reflection spectrum of the plant leaves in the visible light-near infrared band and appears in recent years, the coating has better water retention property, good adhesion property and strong environment adaptability.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a hyperspectral camouflage coating.
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a process for preparing a hyperspectral camouflage coating.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the reflectance spectrum of the green hyperspectral camouflage coating and the green plant leaf in the visible light-near infrared band prepared in example 1.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the reflectance spectrum of the yellow hyperspectral camouflage coating and the yellow plant leaf in the visible light-near infrared band prepared in example 2.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the reflectance spectrum of the green hyperspectral camouflage coating and the green plant leaf in the visible light-near infrared band prepared in example 3.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the reflectance spectrum of the yellow hyperspectral camouflage coating and the yellow plant leaf in the visible-near infrared band prepared in example 4.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the present invention will provide further details in order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible.
The sources of the materials used in examples 1-4 are described below:
using varnish produced by Wan Jue paint factories of Taobao shops; chromium oxide green pigment produced by new Yixin chemical materials of Taobao shops is used; titanium chrome yellow pigment produced by a Taobao shop-a Yuyao maple plastic dyeing self-market is used; titanium chrome brown pigment produced by Changsha Dacron chemical Co., ltd; anhydrous lithium chloride powder produced by the company limited by the national pharmaceutical group chemical reagent was used; stirring with LC-MSB-D magnetic stirrer manufactured by force science and technology Co., ltd; coating the material onto a substrate using an SZQ four-sided fabricator manufactured by delbrueck limited; and vacuumizing the material by adopting a bipolar rotary-vane vacuum pump with the model of 2PCV-2M produced by vine original company.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 2, a hyperspectral camouflage coating is prepared as follows:
(1) The varnish is used as a base material of a coating material, and anhydrous lithium chloride powder is added into deionized water at normal temperature to prepare a lithium chloride aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 50%.
Weighing a lithium chloride aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 5 g and 50%, 0.3g chromium oxide green and 12.5 g fluorocarbon resin paint by using a balance, mixing the three, and stirring in a magnetic stirrer at the room temperature at the rotating speed of 400 rpm/min for 20 min to obtain a mixed solution.
(2) Placing the mixed solution in a vacuum bubble removal barrel, vacuumizing to remove bubbles, and vacuumizing by a vacuum pump to 5 min so that the vacuum degree in the bubble removal barrel is 20 Pa; taking out the substances in the vacuum bubble removal barrel, coating the substances on a stainless steel substrate by adopting a four-side preparation device, waiting for 24 h, and obtaining a first layer of coating with the thickness of 0.5 mm, which is suitable for hyperspectral camouflage; solidifying at room temperature to form a film.
(3) And (3) coating a layer of fluorocarbon resin paint with the thickness of 0.1 mm on the film-forming surface of the first layer of coating by using a four-side preparation device, and curing the varnish to form a film to prepare the green hyperspectral camouflage coating, wherein the green hyperspectral camouflage coating is shown in figure 1.
Referring to fig. 3, the green hyperspectral camouflage coating material prepared in example 1 was tested for its reflectance spectrum using an ultraviolet-visible-near infrared spectrophotometer (shimadzu DUV-3700). As can be seen from fig. 3, the reflectance peak at 536, 536 nm under the visible light band of the green hyperspectral camouflage coating prepared in example 1 can simulate the "green peak" characteristic of a green plant leaf, and the reflectance in the wavelength range of 610-780 nm increases sharply, so as to simulate the "red edge" characteristic of the green plant leaf; the reflectance intensity in the wavelength range of 780-1300 nm at the near infrared band is 46-51%, which can simulate the "near infrared plateau" characteristics of green plant leaves, and the reflectance intensities near 1460 nm and 1940 nm are 23% and 9% respectively, which can simulate the "water absorption valley" characteristics of green plant leaves. The spectral similarity coefficients (CCSM) between the green hyperspectral camouflage coating material and the green leaves of photinia fraseri, hedera helix, gardenia, scindapsus aureus and osmanthus fragrans are 0.97, 0.94 and 0.97 respectively. After the green hyperspectral camouflage coating is placed in an oven at 50 ℃ and 20% RH for drying 60 h, the reflection spectrum of the hyperspectral camouflage coating is little changed compared with the initial reflection spectrum, the spectrum matching performance with green plant leaves is still good, and the reflectivity is respectively increased by 1.3% and 1.4% near 1460 nm and 1940 nm, which shows that the water retention performance of the coating is good. After drying, the spectral similarity coefficients (CCSM) between the green hyperspectral camouflage coating material and the green leaves of photinia fraseri, hedera, gardenia, scindapsus aureus and osmanthus fragrans are 0.96, 0.97, 0.96, 0.93 and 0.96, respectively.
Example 2
The preparation operation steps of the hyperspectral camouflage coating are as follows:
(1) The varnish is used as a base material of a coating material, and anhydrous lithium chloride powder is added into deionized water at normal temperature to prepare a lithium chloride aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 50%.
Weighing a lithium chloride aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 5 g and 50%, 0.15 g titanium chrome yellow and 12.5 g fluorocarbon resin paint by using a balance, mixing the three, and stirring in a magnetic stirrer at the room temperature at the rotating speed of 400 rpm/min for 20 min to obtain a mixed solution.
(2) Placing the mixed solution in a vacuum bubble removal barrel, vacuumizing to remove bubbles, and vacuumizing by a vacuum pump to 5 min so that the vacuum degree in the bubble removal barrel is 20 Pa; taking out the substances in the vacuum bubble removal barrel, coating the substances on a stainless steel substrate by adopting a four-side preparation device, waiting for 24 h, and obtaining a first layer of coating with the thickness of 0.5 mm, which is suitable for hyperspectral camouflage; solidifying at room temperature to form a film.
(3) And (3) coating a layer of fluorocarbon resin paint with the thickness of 0.1 mm on the film-forming surface of the first layer of coating by using a four-side preparation device, and curing the varnish to form a film to prepare the yellow hyperspectral camouflage coating.
Referring to fig. 4, the hyperspectral camouflage coating prepared in example 2 was tested for its reflectance spectrum using an ultraviolet-visible-near infrared spectrophotometer (shimadzu DUV-3700). The yellow hyperspectral camouflage coating prepared in the embodiment 2 has the reflectivity lower than 10% under the visible light wave band with the wavelength smaller than 500 nm and the reflectivity in the wavelength range of 500-650 nm, so that the characteristic of simulating the green edge of a yellow plant leaf is realized; the reflectivity intensity of 780-1300 nm wavelength range is 41-47% under the near infrared band, realizes the characteristic of imitating the 'near infrared plateau' of the green plant leaf, has the reflectivity of 21% and 8% respectively at 1460nm and 1940 nm wavelength, and can imitate the characteristic of the 'water absorption valley' of the yellow plant leaf. The spectral similarity coefficients (CCSM) between the yellow hyperspectral camouflage coating material and the gardenia, hedera, scindapsus aureus and osmanthus fragrans yellow leaves are 0.98, 0.97, 0.96 and 0.98 respectively. The yellow hyperspectral camouflage coating is placed in an oven at 50 ℃ and 20% RH to be dried for 60 h, the reflection spectrum of the hyperspectral camouflage coating is little changed compared with the initial reflection spectrum, the spectrum matching performance with the yellow plant leaves is still good, the reflectivity is respectively increased by 3.5% and 0.7% near 1460nm and 1940 nm, and the water retention performance of the yellow hyperspectral camouflage coating is good. After drying, the spectral similarity coefficients (CCSM) between the yellow hyperspectral camouflage coating material and the gardenia, hedera, scindapsus aureus and osmanthus fragrans yellow leaves were 0.96, 0.95, 0.93 and 0.96, respectively.
Example 3
The preparation operation steps of the hyperspectral camouflage coating are as follows:
(1) The varnish is used as a base material of a coating material, and anhydrous lithium chloride powder is added into deionized water at normal temperature to prepare a lithium chloride aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 50%.
Weighing a lithium chloride aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 5g and 50%, 0.3g chromium oxide green and 12.5 g acrylic polyurethane paint by using a balance, mixing the three, and stirring in a magnetic stirrer at the room temperature at the rotating speed of 400 rpm/min for 20 min to obtain a mixed solution.
(2) Placing the mixed solution in a vacuum bubble removal barrel, vacuumizing to remove bubbles, and vacuumizing by a vacuum pump to 5min so that the vacuum degree in the bubble removal barrel is 20 Pa; taking out the substances in the vacuum bubble removal barrel, coating the substances on a substrate by adopting a four-side preparation device, and waiting for 24 h to obtain a first layer of coating with the thickness of 0.5 mm and suitable for hyperspectral camouflage; solidifying at room temperature to form a film.
(3) And (3) coating an acrylic polyurethane paint with the thickness of 0.1 mm a on the film-forming surface of the first layer of coating by using a four-side preparation device, and curing the varnish to form a film to prepare the green hyperspectral camouflage coating.
Referring to fig. 5, the green hyperspectral camouflage coating prepared in example 3 was tested for its reflectance spectrum using an ultraviolet-visible-near infrared spectrophotometer (shimadzu DUV-3700). The reflection peak at the position 536, 536 nm under the visible light wave band of the green hyperspectral camouflage coating prepared in the embodiment 3 can simulate the characteristic of the green peak of the green plant blade, and the reflectivity of the wavelength range 610-780 nm is increased sharply, so that the characteristic of the red edge of the green plant blade is simulated; the reflectivity intensity of the near infrared wave band in the wavelength range of 780-1300nm is 46-51%, the near infrared plateau characteristic of the green plant leaf can be imitated, the reflectivity at the wavelength of 1460 nm and 1940nm is respectively 20% and 9%, and the water absorption valley characteristic of the green plant leaf can be imitated. The spectral similarity coefficients (CCSM) between the green hyperspectral camouflage coating material and the green leaves of photinia fraseri, hedera helix, gardenia, scindapsus aureus and osmanthus fragrans are 0.98, 0.96 and 0.98 respectively. The green hyperspectral camouflage coating is placed in an oven at 50 ℃ and 20% RH to be dried for 60 h, the reflection spectrum of the hyperspectral camouflage coating has good spectrum matching with the green plant leaves, and the reflection indexes of the hyperspectral camouflage coating are respectively increased by 4.2% and 0.5% near 1460 nm nm and 1940nm, which shows that the water retention performance of the coating is good. After drying, the spectral similarity coefficients (CCSM) between the green hyperspectral camouflage coating material and the green leaves of photinia fraseri, hedera, gardenia, scindapsus aureus and osmanthus fragrans are 0.96, 0.97, 0.96, 0.93 and 0.96, respectively.
Example 4
The preparation operation steps of the vegetation-like solar spectrum coating are as follows:
(1) The varnish is used as a base material of a coating material, and anhydrous calcium chloride powder is added into deionized water at normal temperature to prepare the lithium chloride aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 20%.
Weighing a calcium chloride aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 5 g and 20%, 0.1 g titanium chrome brown and 12.5 g epoxy resin paint by using a balance, mixing the three, and stirring the mixture in a magnetic stirrer at the room temperature at the rotating speed of 400 rpm/min for 20min to obtain a mixed solution.
(2) Placing the mixed solution in a vacuum bubble removal barrel, vacuumizing to remove bubbles, and vacuumizing by a vacuum pump to 5min so that the vacuum degree in the bubble removal barrel is 20 Pa; taking out the substances in the vacuum bubble removal barrel, coating the substances on a substrate by adopting a four-side preparation device, and waiting for 24 h to obtain a first layer of coating with the thickness of 0.5 mm and suitable for hyperspectral camouflage; solidifying at room temperature to form a film.
(3) And (3) coating an epoxy resin paint with the thickness of 0.1 mm a on the film-forming surface of the first layer of coating by using a four-side preparation device, and curing the varnish to form a film to prepare the yellow hyperspectral camouflage coating.
Referring to fig. 6, the reflectance spectrum of the yellow hyperspectral camouflage coating prepared in example 4 was tested using an ultraviolet-visible-near infrared spectrophotometer (shimadzu DUV-3700). The yellow hyperspectral camouflage coating prepared in the embodiment 4 has the reflectivity lower than 10% when the wavelength of the hyperspectral camouflage coating is less than 500 nm in the visible light wave band, and the reflectivity of the hyperspectral camouflage coating in the wavelength range of 500-650 nm is increased sharply, so that the 'green edge' characteristic of the yellow plant leaves is simulated; the reflectivity intensity of 780-1300 nm wavelength range under the near infrared band is 41-47%, the imitation of the 'near infrared plateau' characteristic of the yellow plant leaf is realized, the reflectivity intensity near 1460nm and 1940 and nm is respectively 21% and 8%, and the 'water absorption valley' characteristic of the yellow plant leaf can be imitated. The spectral similarity coefficients (CCSM) between the hyperspectral camouflage coating material and the gardenia, hedera helix, scindapsus aureus and sweet osmanthus yellow leaf are 0.98, 0.97 and 0.98 respectively. The yellow hyperspectral camouflage coating is placed in a baking oven at 50 ℃ and 20% RH to be dried 60 h, the reflection spectrum is changed to a certain extent compared with the initial reflection spectrum, the reflection spectrum in the wave band of 600-1300-nm is changed greatly, the reflection spectrum is reduced by about 10%, but the reflection spectrum still can be well matched with the spectrum of a yellow plant leaf, and the reflection spectrum is respectively increased by 3.6% and 0.5% near 1460nm and 1940-nm, which indicates that the water-retaining performance of the yellow hyperspectral camouflage coating is good. After drying, the spectral similarity coefficients (CCSM) between the yellow hyperspectral camouflage coating material and the gardenia, hedera, scindapsus aureus and osmanthus fragrans yellow leaves were 0.95, 0.94 and 0.96, respectively.
The hyperspectral camouflage coating prepared in examples 1 to 4 was tested for adhesion using the pull-off method, which followed the national standard GB/T5210-2006, paint and varnish pull-off method adhesion test. The base material used in the test was a stainless steel sheet having a roughness Ra average of 0.3 μm. The adhesion test results are shown in table 1. The failure strength averages for examples 1-4 in the test were all greater than 110 psi, indicating good coating adhesion. Examples 1-4 adhesion failure in the test occurred between the coating and the substrate material, and the coating adhesion failure area was 100%, and the failure type was 100% type a/B according to the national standard GB/T5210-2006.
The result shows that the hyperspectral camouflage coating has good adhesive force and higher application value.
It will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the presently preferred embodiments of the invention and that no limitations are intended to the scope of the invention, such modifications, equivalents, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The preparation method of the hyperspectral camouflage coating is characterized in that oily paint is used as a base material of the coating material, and inorganic monochromatic pigment and hygroscopic salt water solution are used as additive materials of the coating material;
The specific operation steps are as follows:
(1) Adding 0.1-0.2 part by mass of inorganic monochromatic pigment and 2.5-3 parts by mass of moisture absorption saline solution with the mass concentration of 20% -50% into 6.8-7.4 parts by mass of varnish serving as a base material of a coating material, and magnetically stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed solution of the inorganic monochromatic pigment, the moisture absorption saline solution and the varnish;
The hygroscopic salt aqueous solution is obtained by fully dissolving hygroscopic salt powder in deionized water;
The hygroscopic salt is one of lithium chloride, calcium chloride, potassium chloride, beryllium chloride, aluminum chloride and copper chloride;
the inorganic monochromatic pigment is one of iron oxide green, chromium oxide green, green nickel oxide, titanium nickel yellow, titanium chromium brown, iron oxide yellow and titanium chromium yellow;
the varnish is one of epoxy resin paint, acrylic polyurethane paint, fluorocarbon resin paint and alkyd resin paint;
(2) Placing the mixed solution in a vacuum defoaming barrel, vacuumizing, coating a substrate by adopting a four-side preparation device to obtain a first layer of coating with the thickness of 0.5-1.5 mm, and curing at room temperature to form a film;
(3) Coating a varnish layer with the thickness of 0.05-0.25 mm a on the film-forming surface of the first layer of coating by using a four-side preparation device, and preparing the hyperspectral camouflage coating after the varnish is solidified into a film;
according to the test method in GB/T5210-2006 adhesive force test of colored paint and varnish pulling method, a hyperspectral camouflage coating is coated on a stainless steel substrate with the roughness Ra average value of 0.3 mu m, and the breaking strength average value is more than 110 psi;
The hyperspectral camouflage coating realizes the reflection spectrum of the visible light-near infrared wave band with the wavelength of 400-2500 nm for finely simulating the vegetation background;
The spectrum similarity coefficient of the hyperspectral camouflage coating and the natural plant leaves is more than 0.94;
the hyperspectral camouflage coating is placed in an oven at 50 ℃ and 20% RH for drying 60 h, and the spectral similarity coefficient of the hyperspectral camouflage coating and the natural plant leaves is still larger than 0.93.
2. The method for preparing the hyperspectral camouflage coating according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (1), magnetic stirring and mixing conditions are as follows: the rotation speed is 400 rpm, and the stirring time is 5-10 min.
3. The method for preparing the hyperspectral camouflage coating according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (2), the vacuumizing time is 5-15 min, and the vacuum degree in the defoaming barrel is 20 Pa.
4. The method for preparing the hyperspectral camouflage coating according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (2), the curing film forming time at room temperature is 24-48 h.
5. The method for preparing the hyperspectral camouflage coating according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (2), the material of the substrate is an opaque material.
6. The method for producing a hyperspectral camouflage coating as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the opaque material is one of stainless steel, glass fiber reinforced plastic or wood.
7. A method of producing a hyperspectral camouflage coating as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 wherein: the hyperspectral camouflage coating is a green hyperspectral camouflage coating or a yellow hyperspectral camouflage coating;
The spectral similarity coefficient of the green hyperspectral camouflage coating and green leaves of photinia fraseri, hedera helix, gardenia, scindapsus aureus and osmanthus fragrans is more than 0.94;
Placing the green hyperspectral camouflage coating in an oven at 50 ℃ and 20% RH for drying for 60 h, wherein the spectral similarity coefficient of the hyperspectral camouflage coating and green leaves of photinia fraseri, hedera helix, gardenia, scindapsus aureus and osmanthus fragrans is still more than 0.93;
The spectral similarity coefficient of the yellow hyperspectral camouflage coating and the gardenia, the hedera helix, the scindapsus aureus and the osmanthus fragrans yellow leaves is more than 0.96;
And (3) placing the yellow hyperspectral camouflage coating in an oven at 50 ℃ and 20% RH for drying for 60 h, wherein the spectral similarity coefficient of the hyperspectral camouflage coating and the gardenia, the hedera helix, the scindapsus aureus and the osmanthus fragrans yellow leaves is still more than 0.93.
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| CN115368789B (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2023-04-25 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Green vegetation-imitated blade hyperspectral coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN115232506B (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2023-09-05 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Bionic material for simulating green vegetation, solar spectrum film for simulating green vegetation and preparation method of solar spectrum film |
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| CN112029336A (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2020-12-04 | 电子科技大学 | Application of palygorskite as water absorption band simulation material in green vegetation bionic coating |
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