CN114485272A - Hyperspectral stealth bionic material and application thereof - Google Patents
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- CN114485272A CN114485272A CN202210258326.9A CN202210258326A CN114485272A CN 114485272 A CN114485272 A CN 114485272A CN 202210258326 A CN202210258326 A CN 202210258326A CN 114485272 A CN114485272 A CN 114485272A
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- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
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Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H3/00—Camouflage, i.e. means or methods for concealment or disguise
- F41H3/02—Flexible, e.g. fabric covers, e.g. screens, nets characterised by their material or structure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/02—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques
- C08J3/03—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in aqueous media
- C08J3/075—Macromolecular gels
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2329/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical; Hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Derivatives of such polymer
- C08J2329/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
- C08J2329/04—Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2251—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of chromium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/38—Boron-containing compounds
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of hyperspectral stealth camouflage materials, and relates to a hyperspectral stealth bionic material and application thereof. The hydrogel is used as a water absorption peak simulation material in the hyperspectral stealth bionic material and is used as a bionic material for simulating the spectral characteristics of green plant leaves; the bionic camouflage material prepared from the hydrogel has an obvious water absorption peak, the spectrum similarity of the hyperspectral stealthy bionic material and green leaves is more than 0.82, the spectrum reflectivity is maintained to be 0.3-0.7 in the range of 780-1300 nm, the reflectivity is 0-0.1 in the range of 1430nm, the reflectivity is 0-0.1 in the range of 1930nm, and a reflection spectrum curve can enter a GJB spectrum channel; the bionic tree made of the material is used for camouflage of shelters and artificial military facilities, and realizes hyperspectral exploration stealth. The problems that the existing hyperspectral stealth bionic material is poor in water retention capacity, gradually decreases in stability along with the lapse of time and is not suitable for practical application are effectively solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of hyperspectral stealth camouflage materials, and particularly relates to a hyperspectral stealth bionic material and application thereof. The hydrogel is used as a water absorption peak simulation material and applied to green leaf simulation of a hyperspectral stealth bionic material so as to simulate the spectral characteristics of green plant leaves.
Background
The hyperspectral detection technology is a novel detection technology fusing optical images and spectral information, the spectral band covers ultraviolet (0.28-0.40 mu m), visible light/short wave infrared (0.40-2.5 mu m), thermal infrared (3-14 mu m) and other wave bands, the spectral resolution reaches the nanometer level, a plurality of very narrow and spectrum continuous image data can be obtained, targets which are difficult to detect by other reconnaissance means can be identified according to the slight difference of target and background spectral information, and the hyperspectral detection technology has super-strong target identification capability.
At present, the traditional optical infrared stealth technology is mainly designed based on an optical channel and infrared emissivity, does not consider the spectral characteristic difference between a target and a background, cannot realize the fine matching of spectral characteristics, and basically does not have stealth camouflage capacity under the hyperspectral detection technology, so that various ground military targets are seriously threatened. For example, although the traditional camouflage colors are the same as vegetation in color, the fine reflection spectra of the traditional camouflage colors in 400-2500 nm have obvious differences, namely the same color and different spectra. Such differences can be identified by hyperspectral detection techniques, resulting in military units being exposed to the reconnaissance of an enemy.
Green vegetation is one of the most widely distributed backgrounds in the natural environment, and its spectral features mainly come from leaves. Research shows that the reflection spectrum of the plant leaf mainly has four characteristics: the "green peak" around 550nm, mainly from chlorophyll; a red edge near 680-780 nm; in a near infrared plateau of 780-1300 nm, the change range of the reflectivity is maintained between 0.4 and 0.7, and is mainly caused by a loose and porous structure in the blade; two "water absorption peaks" near 1430 and 1930nm were produced by water in the leaves.
At present, the research and development work aiming at the blade-imitating spectrum material in China just starts, and the existing camouflage material can only simulate the green peak, the red edge and the near infrared plateau. The selection of the water absorption peak simulation material is also studied to a certain extent, and the water absorption peak simulation material mainly comprises coating water, a strong absorbent (LiCl), hydrotalcite-like compounds (LDHs) and crystal hydrates (CaCl)2·2H2O、ZnSO4·7H2O), although the water absorption peak can be well simulated by adding the simulation materials, the prepared material has poor water retention capacity, and the stability is gradually reduced along with the lapse of time, so that the material is not suitable for practical application.
Therefore, the 'water absorption peak' is a difficult point for realizing simulation of the existing camouflage material, and in order to deal with the hyperspectral detection technology, a bionic camouflage material which has excellent water retention capacity and high stability, can simulate the 'water absorption peak' to realize 'map integration' of 400-2500 nm wave band and can be practically applied is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems or the defects, the invention provides a hyperspectral stealth bionic material and application thereof, aiming at solving the problems of poor water retention capability and relatively low stability of the existing hyperspectral stealth bionic material.
A hyperspectral stealth bionic material adopts hydrogel materials to prepare bionic blades as the hyperspectral stealth bionic material.
Furthermore, the spectrum similarity of the hydrogel material and the green leaves is more than 0.82, the spectrum reflectivity is maintained to be 0.3-0.7 in the range of 780-1300 nm, the reflectivity is 0-0.1 in the range of 1430nm, the reflectivity is 0-0.1 in the range of 1930nm, and the reflection spectrum curve can enter a GJB spectrum channel.
The manufacturing method of the hyperspectral stealth bionic material comprises the following steps:
step 1: weighing PVA (polyvinyl alcohol), deionized water, chromium oxide green, boric acid and potassium hydroxide according to a mass ratio, wherein the mass ratio of the components is as follows: PVA 8-10 parts, deionized water 90-100 parts, chromium oxide green 0.5-2 parts, boric acid 1-2 parts, and potassium hydroxide 1-3 parts.
Step 2: and (3) completely dissolving the PVA prepared in the step (1) in deionized water to obtain a uniformly mixed solution.
And step 3: and (3) adding the boric acid prepared in the step (1) into the uniformly mixed solution prepared in the step (2), and obtaining the PVA hydrogel solution after the crosslinking reaction is finished.
And 4, step 4: and (3) adding the potassium hydroxide and the chromium oxide green prepared in the step (1) into the hydrogel solution prepared in the step (3), and processing the mixture into a bionic blade after the reaction is finished, so as to obtain the hyperspectral stealth bionic material.
Further, the PVA hydrogel solution obtained in the step 3 is subjected to a step of standing at room temperature to cool and defoam, so that the reaction effect in the subsequent step 4 is better.
Further, the application of the hyperspectral stealth bionic material comprises the following steps: the hyperspectral stealth bionic tree is built by the hyperspectral material and is applied to camouflage of shelters and artificial military affairs, and hyperspectral detection stealth is realized.
The hydrogel is a sol with water as a dispersion medium, is a polymer network system, is soft in property, can keep a certain shape, and can absorb a large amount of water. As a high water absorption and high water retention material, the hydrogel has wide application: can be used as drug release carrier and cartilage tissue repair substitute and artificial muscle in medical field; the soil is used as a reinforcing material for unfreezing soil in ecological engineering; microbiologically as vectors for cells and bacteria; as artificial bait in fishery; the food industry is used as protective films for frozen foods and cold storage media in the field of daily necessities, battery separators, water-absorbent resins, and the like.
The hydrogel is used as a water absorption peak simulation material in the hyperspectral stealth bionic material; the bionic camouflage material prepared from the hydrogel has an obvious water absorption peak, the spectral similarity between the hyperspectral stealthy bionic material and the green leaf is more than 0.82, the spectral reflectivity is maintained to be 0.3-0.7 in the range of 780-1300 nm, the reflectivity is 0-0.1 in the range of 1430nm, the reflectivity is 0-0.1 in the range of 1930nm, and the reflection spectral curve can enter a GJB spectral channel; the bionic tree made of the material is used for camouflage of shelters and artificial military facilities, and realizes hyperspectral exploration stealth. The problems that the existing hyperspectral stealth bionic material is poor in water retention capacity, gradually decreases in stability along with the lapse of time and is not suitable for practical application are effectively solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a reflection spectrum of the biomimetic camouflage material prepared in examples 1-5.
FIG. 2 shows the spectrum similarity between the biomimetic camouflage materials prepared in examples 1-5 and green leaves.
FIG. 3 is a reflection spectrum of the biomimetic camouflage material prepared in example 6.
Fig. 4 shows the spectrum similarity between the biomimetic camouflage material prepared in example 6 and the green leaves.
Detailed Description
In order to better illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
9g of PVA1799 (polyvinyl alcohol 1799) is weighed and dispersed in 90ml of deionized water, stirred in a magnetic stirrer for reaction and then heated in a water bath, wherein the water bath temperature is 90 ℃, the stirring speed is 400r/min, and the stirring time is 2 h. After the reaction was completed, the reaction mixture was taken out and left to stand at room temperature to be cooled and defoamed to obtain a PVA hydrogel solution. Then, the PVA hydrogel solution was placed in a stirrer and stirred continuously, and 1g of boric acid was added to the solution and stirring was continued for 0.5 h. And finally, adding 1g of potassium hydroxide and 0.6g of chromium oxide green into the mixture, and stirring for 0.5h to completely react to obtain a hydrogel sample.
Example 2
9g of PVA1799 (polyvinyl alcohol 1799) is weighed and dispersed in 90ml of deionized water, stirred in a magnetic stirrer for reaction and then heated in a water bath, wherein the water bath temperature is 90 ℃, the stirring speed is 400r/min, and the stirring time is 2 h. After the reaction was completed, the reaction mixture was taken out and left to stand at room temperature to be cooled and defoamed to obtain a PVA hydrogel solution. Then, the PVA hydrogel solution was placed in a stirrer and stirred continuously, and 1g of boric acid was added to the solution and stirring was continued for 0.5 h. And finally, adding 1g of potassium hydroxide and 1.2g of chromium oxide green into the mixture, and stirring for 0.5h to completely react to obtain a hydrogel sample.
Example 3
9g of PVA1799 (polyvinyl alcohol 1799) is weighed and dispersed in 90ml of deionized water, stirred in a magnetic stirrer for reaction and then heated in a water bath, wherein the water bath temperature is 90 ℃, the stirring speed is 400r/min, and the stirring time is 2 h. After the reaction was completed, the reaction mixture was taken out and left to stand at room temperature to be cooled and defoamed to obtain a PVA hydrogel solution. Then, the PVA hydrogel solution was placed in a stirrer and stirred continuously, and 1g of boric acid was added to the solution and stirring was continued for 0.5 h. And finally, adding 1g of potassium hydroxide and 1.8g of chromium oxide green into the mixture, and stirring for 0.5h to completely react to obtain a hydrogel sample.
Example 4
9g of PVA1799 (polyvinyl alcohol 1799) is weighed and dispersed in 90ml of deionized water, stirred in a magnetic stirrer for reaction and heated in water bath, the temperature of the water bath is 90 ℃, the stirring speed is 400r/min, and the stirring time is 2 h. After the reaction was completed, the reaction mixture was taken out and left to stand at room temperature to be cooled and defoamed to obtain a PVA hydrogel solution. Then, the PVA hydrogel solution was placed in a stirrer and stirred continuously, and 1g of boric acid was added to the solution and stirring was continued for 0.5 h. And finally, adding 1g of potassium hydroxide and 2.4g of chromium oxide green into the mixture, and stirring for 0.5h to completely react to obtain a hydrogel sample.
Example 5
9g of PVA1799 (polyvinyl alcohol 1799) is weighed and dispersed in 90ml of deionized water, stirred in a magnetic stirrer for reaction and then heated in a water bath, wherein the water bath temperature is 90 ℃, the stirring speed is 400r/min, and the stirring time is 2 h. After the reaction was completed, the reaction mixture was taken out and left to stand at room temperature to be cooled and defoamed to obtain a PVA hydrogel solution. Then, the PVA hydrogel solution was placed in a stirrer and stirred continuously, and 1g of boric acid was added to the solution and stirring was continued for 0.5 h. And finally, adding 1g of potassium hydroxide and 3g of chromium oxide green into the mixture, and stirring for 0.5h to completely react to obtain a hydrogel sample.
Example 6
Weighing 9g of PVA1799 (polyvinyl alcohol 1799) and dispersing in 90ml of deionized water, stirring in a magnetic stirrer for reaction and heating in a water bath, wherein the water bath temperature is 90 ℃, the stirring speed is 400r/min, the stirring time is 2h, and after the reaction is finished, taking out and standing at room temperature for cooling and defoaming to obtain a PVA hydrogel solution; then, the PVA hydrogel solution is placed in a stirrer to be continuously stirred, 1g of boric acid is added into the solution, the stirring is continued for 0.5h, then 1g of potassium hydroxide and 1g of chromium oxide green are added into the solution, and the reaction is completely carried out after the stirring for 0.5h, so that a hydrogel sample can be obtained.
Test analyses were performed on samples of the examples: calculating the spectral similarity of all the embodiments by taking the green leaf spectrum as a reference spectrum; FIG. 1 shows the reflection spectrum of the biomimetic camouflage material prepared in the example within the range of 400-2500 nm, the biomimetic camouflage material prepared from hydrogel has obvious water absorption peaks (about 1430nm and 1930 nm), and the reflection spectrum curve can enter a GJB spectrum channel except for the sample prepared in the example 1.
With the green leaf spectrum as the reference spectrum, the specific process of calculating the spectral similarity of the embodiment (see fig. 2) is as follows: degree of similarity
Wherein x isikAnd xjkRespectively representing the spectral values of the k wave band in the reflection spectral curves of the embodiment and the green leaf; m represents the total number of bands in the measurement range;
and
the example and green leaf reflectance spectrum averages are shown separately.
The similarity of reflection spectrum curves of the bionic camouflage material prepared by using the hydrogel is more than 0.82, and when the proportions of the components are as follows: 9g of PVA1799 (polyvinyl alcohol 1799), 90ml of deionized water, 1g of boric acid, 1g of potassium hydroxide and 1.8g of chromium oxide green, the prepared material has the best simulation effect on the reflection spectrum curve, the spectrum similarity of the material is 0.834, and the spectrum curve enters a GJB spectrum channel.
The samples prepared in example 6 were placed in an oven at 50 ℃ and their reflectance spectra were measured at different holding times (4h, 8h, 12h, 16h and 20h) in the range of 400 to 2500nm (see fig. 3) and their spectral similarity was calculated (see fig. 4). The reflection spectrum curve of the bionic camouflage material prepared by the hydrogel can enter a GJB spectrum channel, the similarity is more than 0.8, and the bionic camouflage material has good water retention and stability. When the material is placed in an oven at 50 ℃ for heat preservation treatment for 8 hours, the simulation effect of the reflection spectrum curve of the prepared material is optimal, and the spectrum similarity of the material is 0.821.
In conclusion, the hyperspectral stealth bionic material provided by the invention can effectively simulate the 'water absorption peak' characteristic of green leaves, has good stability, is suitable for practical application, and effectively solves the problems of the current bionic camouflage material.
Claims (5)
1. A hyperspectral stealth bionic material is characterized in that: the bionic blade is made of hydrogel materials and is used as a hyperspectral stealth bionic material.
2. The hyperspectral stealth biomimetic material of claim 1, wherein: the spectrum similarity of the hydrogel material and the green leaves is above 0.82, the spectrum reflectivity is maintained at 0.3-0.7 in the range of 780-1300 nm, the reflectivity is 0-0.1 in the range of 1430nm, the reflectivity is 0-0.1 in the range of 1930nm, and a reflection spectrum curve can enter a GJB spectrum channel.
3. The method for manufacturing the hyperspectral stealth bionic material as claimed in claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: weighing PVA polyvinyl alcohol, deionized water, chromium oxide green, boric acid and potassium hydroxide according to a mass ratio, and preparing materials, wherein the mass ratio of each component is as follows: PVA 8-10 parts, deionized water 90-100 parts, chromium oxide green 0.5-2 parts, boric acid 1-2 parts, and potassium hydroxide 1-3 parts;
step 2: completely dissolving the PVA polyvinyl alcohol prepared in the step 1 in deionized water to obtain a uniformly mixed solution;
and step 3: adding the boric acid prepared in the step 1 into the uniformly mixed solution prepared in the step 2, and cooling and defoaming after the crosslinking reaction is completed to obtain a PVA hydrogel solution;
and 4, step 4: and (3) adding the potassium hydroxide and the chromium oxide green prepared in the step (1) into the hydrogel solution prepared in the step (3), and processing the mixture into a bionic blade after the reaction is finished, so as to obtain the hyperspectral stealth bionic material.
4. The method for manufacturing the hyperspectral stealth bionic material as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: and (3) standing the PVA hydrogel solution obtained in the step (3) at room temperature to cool and defoam.
5. The application of the hyperspectral stealth bionic material as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the hyperspectral stealth bionic material is assembled into a bionic tree which is applied to camouflage of shelters and artificial military, and hyperspectral exploration stealth is realized.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115746410A (en) * | 2022-10-21 | 2023-03-07 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Super-absorbent green leaf bionic film and preparation method thereof |
| CN115820007A (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2023-03-21 | 西华大学 | Hyperspectral stealth coating and preparation method thereof |
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