CN1182209A - Separated measuring method for hot-water heating system - Google Patents

Abstract

The separate measuring method is that after the vertical truck is communicated to separate radiators of households which are the same in number and connection and mounting mode, return water amount of every household is measured, water supply temperature and return water temperature are either measured practically at the thermal entrance joint of building or obtained through the outer pipe temperature and supply and return water temperature of replenishing thermal source, and the heat consumption of every radiator is obtained based on an empirical fomule by using the measured data and relevant distribution coefficients. The hot water consumption of every household is also measured.

Description

A kind of separated measuring method for hot-water heating system

A kind of hot water system, especially a kind of separated measuring method for hot-water heating system.For a long time, China's residential building hot water system, the overwhelming majority is vertical single tube cis cascade system, does not have the household metering means, can't implement charge according to quantity, can not satisfy people to and comfortable for living and the commercial demand of heating, cause the equal strong reaction of user and heating industry, government burden is heavy, and has become society's one big focus, and problem is severe day by day, arrived must solution stage.

For addressing this problem, the existing household metering charge of China plans that also the someone did research, attempted to solve this problem.That make useful trial is people such as Wen Li, " family with heating hotlist " literary composition of delivering on № 6 " boiler heating " in 1996.It is the hotlist metering method with the measurement of heat that this article has been introduced the heating family.Its family with the formation of heating hotlist is, hotlist is comprehensive hot water flow and accumulative total instrument for, return water temperature difference product.Promptly earlier measure the each household hot water flow and for, return water temperature, calculate with secondary instrument again and add up acquisition user's heat consumption with primary instrument.Disclosed in the literary composition with reference to technology such as Germany, Britain, Denmark and developed primary instrument.Calorimetric discharge is special-purpose teletransmission hot water gauge, and it is made up of watchcase, watch core, needle and sensor.The resistance device of measuring water temperature is made up of pure nickel system resistance wire, ceramic skeleton overcoat and thermal resistance special wire.Secondary instrument is a heat accumulative total instrument, is made up of watchcase, count display, special circuit and stabilized voltage supply.

As seen by above-mentioned, this family constitutes complicated with the heating hotlist, and the manufacturing I﹠M is difficult, the expense that once drops into is higher, and the individual user is easily cheating of fee evasion, makes discharge and is difficult to truly obtain for, return water temperature, the continuous power supply of instrument is difficult for solving, in case the power failure instrument can't be worked.Thereby be difficult to apply.

The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of separated measuring method for hot-water heating system, this method need not indoor thermometer and calorimeter, and simple and reliable.

For finishing above-mentioned task, the scheme that a kind of separated measuring method for hot-water heating system of the present invention is taked is:

In the building up and down the family water supply, the backwater main that is vertically installed with heat-insulation layer or does not have heat-insulation layer arranged, and the water supply of each household, backwater is responsible for and is communicated with it respectively, water supply Outer Tube, the backwater Outer Tube of building consumer heat inlet contact are communicated with it respectively; Each household is respectively organized the heating radiator parallel connection, and is responsible for water supply, backwater respectively and is communicated with, and heating radiator group number is identical, and every group model, sheet number, connection are all identical with installation form;

The flow through backwater amount G of heating radiator of metering each household _1i, and on backwater is responsible for, be equipped with hot water meter;

Each household supplies water, return water temperature is poor, with the water supply medial temperature t of building consumer heat inlet contact ₁, backwater medial temperature t ₂Difference replace this t ₁, t ₂Two temperature are to obtain or the water supply medial temperature t of compensation thermal source heating power outlet contact actual measurement through actual measurement _g, backwater medial temperature t _hObtain, its offset is to fall Δ t with the temperature of water supply Outer Tube respectively _g, the backwater Outer Tube temperature Δ t falls _hΔ t falls in two temperature _g, Δ t _hBe in local heating period outdoor air medial temperature, the water supply of actual measurement Outer Tube two tip nodes, the difference gained of return water temperature,

Be t ₁=t _g-Δ t _g

t ₂＝t _h+Δt _h

Each household heating radiator heat consumption Q _1iCalculate with the heat radiation empirical formula, and with dividing the family factor alpha _iRevise, promptly $Q_{1i}=G_{1i}^b{\stackrel{\‾}{G}}_{1i}^{1-b}(t_1-t_2)\mathrm{cp}{\mathrm{\α}}_i$ This minute the family factor alpha _iBe to calculate the vertically disposed water supply in family up and down, backwater heat-insulation layer to be arranged or do not have the heat radiation of heat-insulation layer main and the hot water temperature falls and obtains, up and down the family all the mean value of branch family coefficient equal 1.000.B in the empirical formula is a heating radiator heat transfer temperature drop index, G _1iBe all mean value of the branch family heating radiator heat dissipation water yield in family vertically, cp is the matter specific heat capacity of water.

Based on such scheme, the heat consumption Q of each household institute _i, also comprise hot water Q _2iPart, metering each household hot water consumption G _2i, and on each household supplies water the person in charge, connect hot-water line, and hot water meter is installed, metering thermal source moisturizing temperature, and on filling pipe, be equipped with the moisturizing thermometer.

The heat of each household heat dissipation water is its heat dissipation water yield and building consumer heat inlet contact water supply medial temperature and thermal source moisturizing medial temperature t _bThe integrating of matter specific heat capacity of poor and water get,

Be Q _2i=G _2i(t _l-t _b) cp

The each household heat consumption comprises heating radiator and hot water two parts,

Be Q _i=Q _1i+ Q _2i

The advantage of a kind of separated measuring method for hot-water heating system of the present invention is:

(1) each household heating radiator heat consumption obtains, its starting point is not painstakingly to pursue thermometer and hotlist actual measurement are housed in each household, but use the water supply and the return water temperature of building consumer heat inlet contact cleverly, the water supply and the return water temperature that replace each family, with its temperature and relevant heating radiator water consumption substitution one empirical formula, and with dividing family coefficient correction then to get; Its building consumer heat inlet contact supplies water and return water temperature, and directly or indirectly actual measurement obtains, its minute the family coefficient as calculated up and down the relevant heat radiation factor of the vertical main in family obtain, empirical formula is the equation that the Processing Test data draw, so it is credible; Thereby saved a large amount of instrument of disperseing to be located in each branchs family and table with power supply, power consumption, maintenance, avoided metering to interrupt and the fee evasion of artificially practising fraud again;

(2) also have, be equipped with hot-water line on the each household feed pipe, and peace hot water meter metering hot water amount, both made things convenient for each household hot water, can avoid the surreptitiously loss of water again.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing a kind of separated measuring method for hot-water heating system of the present invention is described in further detail:

Fig. 1 is a kind of synoptic diagram of hot water system household metering;

Fig. 2 is the synoptic diagram of another kind of hot water system household metering.

Provide in Fig. 1, the A district is the thermal source district, and the B district is the Outer Tube district, and the C district is the building user area.The C district is floor rooms 6, a building among Fig. 1, and the family has vertically disposed feed pipe 8, return pipe 17 that heat-insulation layer is arranged or do not have the main of heat-insulation layer up and down, and C _iDivide the water supply at family to be responsible for 9, backwater is responsible for 16 and is communicated with it respectively, and water supply Outer Tube 4, the backwater Outer Tube 5 of building consumer heat inlet contact is communicated with it respectively in the B district; C in the C district _iThere are 4 groups of heating radiator 12 parallel connections at the branch family, is responsible for water supply, backwater respectively to be connected, and each is organized heating radiator and all chooses 4 big 60 types, and makes the group number of heating radiator 12 identical, and every group model, sheet number, connection are all identical with installation form;

Backwater is responsible for 16 and is equipped with hot water meter 14, and measurement flow is through the water consumption G of heating radiator 12 _1i, this hot water meter is selected homemade LXSR-15 type rotary wind type for use; Also be equipped with conventional essential parts, supplying water to be responsible for has the valve 10 of keying, automatic exhaust steam valve 13 on 9, and backwater is responsible for the valve 15 of keying on 16, and on the feed pipe that heating radiator links to each other controlling valve 11 is arranged;

In Figure 1A district, provided thermal source 1, in Figure 1B district, provided, water supply Outer Tube 4, backwater Outer Tube 5; Be respectively 2,3 positions at A district thermal source heating power outlet contact, and on the position temperature instrumentation arranged separately, respectively the supply water temperature t of calorimetric source heating power outlet contact _g, return water temperature t _hVertically in B district building consumer heat inlet contact and building, C district supply water, the contact of the lower end of backwater main 8,17 is respectively 6,7 positions, and on the position temperature instrumentation arranged separately, surveys the supply water temperature t of this contact respectively ₁, return water temperature t ₂

On above basis, also has in the C district of Fig. 2 C _iBe equipped with hot-water line 20 on the water supply to separate house pipe 9, and be equipped with homemade LXSR-15 type rotary wind type hot water meter 22 thereon, metering hot water consumption G _2i, also be equipped with conventional parts water swivel 21; In Fig. 2 A district, be equipped with thermometer 19 on the filling pipe 18 of thermal source 1, and metering moisturizing temperature t _b

Dec in the heating phase in 1996, the record of checking meter, heating radiator heat dissipation water yield G _1i, the each household data are charged in table sequence number 8 hurdles.

During Benxi heating period outdoor air medial temperature-5.6 ℃, survey, the water supply line temperature is fallen: Δ t _gCharge in table 3 hurdle for=3 ℃, the water return pipeline temperature is fallen: Δ t _hCharge in table 6 hurdle for=2 ℃.

In Dec, 1996, thermal source water supply medial temperature: t _g=81 ℃, charge in table 2 hurdle thermal source backwater medial temperature: t _h=56 ℃, charge in table 5 hurdle.

Table look-up, the matter specific heat capacity of water: cp=4.1868kJ/ (kg. ℃) charges in table 11 hurdle.

During design, calculate the each household that vertical main has heat-insulation layer, divide family correction factor α _i, data are charged in table 12 hurdle.

Building consumer heat inlet contact, water supply medial temperature: t ₁=t _g-Δ t _g

Charge in table 4 hurdle backwater medial temperature: t for=81 ℃-3 ℃=78 ℃ ₂=t _h+ Δ t _h

Charge in table 7 hurdle for=56 ℃+2 ℃=58 ℃.

Table look-up, big 60 type heating radiators, heat transfer temperature drop index b=0.28 is charged in table 10 hurdle.

All 6 branch family backwater amount mean values of family are up and down: ${\stackrel{-}{G}}_{1i}=\frac{{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}_{i-1}^n{G}_{1i}}{n}=\frac{{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}_1^6{G}_{1\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="6"\; label="i"\; filenames="A9711975100101.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">i</figure-callout>}}}{6}$ Result of calculation is charged in table 9 hurdle.

Each divides family heating radiator heat consumption, $Q_{1i}=G_{1i}^b{\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{G}}_{1i}^{1-b}(t_1-t_2)\mathrm{cp}{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_i$ Result of calculation is charged in table 13 hurdle.

The used heat Q of each household _i, comprise heating radiator part and hot water part,

Q _i=Q _1i+ Q _2iResult of calculation is charged in table 17 hurdle.

Learn each branch family heating radiator heat consumption, or heating radiator and the hot water two parts institute's heat consumption and the hot water consumption at each branch family, press local code heat unit price and water unit price, can calculate the used heating cost of each household.

One hits user area, floor room 6 each branch family heat consumption of each layer and calculating parameter complete list thereof

Sequence number	Symbol	Unit	Data
									????1	????i	????-	????1	????2	?????3	?????4	????5	????6
????2	????t g	????℃			????81
									????3	???Δt g	????℃			?????3
????4	????t 1	????℃			????78
									????5	????t h	????℃			????56
????6	???Δt h	????℃			?????2
									????7	????t 2	????℃			????58
????8	????G 1i	????kg	??125397	??124359	???135023	??133371	??155820	??129967
									????9	???? G 1i	????kg			???133989
???10	?????b	????-			????0.28
									???11	????cp	????kJ/ ??(kg℃)			??4.1868
???12	????α i	????-	???1.008	???1.007	???1.006	???1.002	???0.996	???0.981
									???13	????Q 1i	????GJ	??11.102	??11.065	??11.311	??11.228	??11.657	??10.913
???14	????G 2i	????kg	??1138	????916	????1426	????1506	????905	????1332
									???15	????t b	????℃			??????13
???16	????Q 2i	????GJ	???0.074	???0.060	???0.093	???0.098	???0.059	???0.087
									???17	????Q i	????GJ	??11.176	??11.125	??11.404	??11.326	??11.716	??11.000

Claims (2)

1, a kind of separated measuring method for hot-water heating system comprises that each household has independent water supply, return pipe, determines that hot water amount, water supply and return water temperature that the each household heat consumption uses are poor, it is characterized in that:

There are water supply, backwater main (8), (17) that are vertically installed with heat-insulation layer or do not have heat-insulation layer at the family about in a, the building, and the water supply of each household, backwater be responsible for (9), (16) respectively with its UNICOM, water supply Outer Tube, the backwater Outer Tube of building consumer heat inlet contact (6), (7) are communicated with it respectively; Each household is respectively organized heating radiator (12) parallel connection, and respectively with supply water to be responsible for, backwater is responsible for (9), (16) are communicated with, heating radiator group number, every group model, sheet number, connection are all identical with installation form;

B, metering each household circling water flow rate G _Li, and on the backwater person in charge (16), be equipped with hot water meter (14);

C, each household supply water, return water temperature is poor, with the water supply medial temperature t of building consumer heat inlet contact (6), (7) ₁, backwater medial temperature t ₂Difference replace this t ₁, t ₂Two temperature are the water supply medial temperature t that obtain or compensate thermal source heating power outlet contact (2), (3) through actual measurement _g, backwater medial temperature t _hObtain, its offset is respectively that Δ t falls in the temperature of water supply Outer Tube (4) _g, backwater Outer Tube (5) temperature Δ t falls _hThis Δ t _g, Δ t _hIt is in the medial temperature of local heating period outdoor air that two temperature are fallen, and the temperature of actual measurement water supply Outer Tube (4), backwater Outer Tube (5) two tip nodes obtains;

D, each household heating radiator heat consumption Q _1iDetermine, be with the heat radiation empirical formula and with branch family factor alpha _iRevise acquisition, promptly $Q_{1i}=G_{1i}^b{\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{G}}_{1i}^{1-b}(t_1-t_2)\mathrm{cp}{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_i$ This minute the family factor alpha _iBe to calculate the heat radiation of the vertically disposed water supply in family up and down, backwater main (8), (17) and hot water temperature thereof to fall and obtain, its up and down the mean value of all branch family coefficient in family equal 1.000.

2, a kind of separated measuring method for hot-water heating system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: also has,

E, determine each household heat consumption Q _i, also comprise hot water heat Q _2iPart, metering each household hot water consumption G _2i, and at the upward connection hot-water line (20) of the person in charge (9) that supplies water, and be equipped with hot water meter (22);

The moisturizing medial temperature t of f, metering thermal source _b, and on filling pipe (18), be equipped with moisturizing thermometer (19).

Images