CN118197668A - Heat pipe-based small-sized floating pile waste heat export system and method - Google Patents
Heat pipe-based small-sized floating pile waste heat export system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN118197668A CN118197668A CN202410311900.1A CN202410311900A CN118197668A CN 118197668 A CN118197668 A CN 118197668A CN 202410311900 A CN202410311900 A CN 202410311900A CN 118197668 A CN118197668 A CN 118197668A
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- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a heat pipe-based small-sized floating pile waste heat guiding system and a method, wherein the system comprises a waste heat guiding heat exchange container, a penetrating pipeline and a heat pipe bundle, wherein the waste heat guiding heat exchange container is positioned in a containment, and the penetrating pipeline penetrates through the containment; the heat pipe bundle passes through the containment through the penetrating pipeline and is divided into a heat absorption section positioned in the containment, a heat exchange section positioned outside the containment and a heat insulation section positioned between the heat absorption section and the heat exchange section, wherein the heat exchange section is positioned above the heat absorption section; the heat absorption section is arranged in the waste heat leading-out heat exchange container, the upper end of the waste heat leading-out heat exchange container is communicated with the main pipeline hot section through a loop waste heat leading-out pipeline, and the bottom end of the waste heat leading-out heat exchange container is communicated with the main pipeline cold section through a coolant return pipeline. The invention realizes closed circulation by using the heat transmission system of the heat pipe, thereby being not influenced by ocean environmental conditions, and the system structure has the advantages of high inherent safety, simple structure, compact volume, convenient disassembly and assembly, high reliability and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to waste heat derivation of nuclear reactors in a small-sized float reactor, in particular to a heat pipe-based system and a heat pipe-based method for waste heat derivation of the small-sized float reactor.
Background
The waste heat discharge of the nuclear reactor in the small-sized floating reactor is usually realized by adopting an active waste heat discharge system (the main equipment is a pump, a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, a pipeline and a valve), the accident working condition can be realized by adopting an inactive waste heat discharge system (the main equipment is a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, a pipeline and a valve), the equipment size, the volume and the weight of the system are large, the occupied space is large, the compact space scene of the small-sized floating reactor is difficult to adapt, and the passive waste heat discharge system adopted in the accident working condition cannot be applied to the waste heat discharge of the small-sized floating reactor because the passive waste heat discharge system is influenced by external marine environment conditions (such as tilting, swaying, fluctuating, impacting, salt mist, mould and the like) and internal working environment conditions (such as vibration, jolt, high temperature, high radiation, oil mist and the like) for a long time, the service life of the equipment is shortened, the reliability is reduced, and the long-term operation of the small-sized floating reactor is difficult to adapt to the waste heat discharge of the small-sized floating reactor. There is therefore a need to search for new reactor waste heat removal methods and process systems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a heat pipe-based small floating pile waste heat leading-out system and a heat pipe-based small floating pile waste heat leading-out method.
The technical scheme adopted for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: a heat pipe-based small-sized floating pile waste heat leading-out system comprises a waste heat leading-out heat exchange container, a penetrating pipeline and a heat pipe bundle, wherein the waste heat leading-out heat exchange container is positioned in a containment; the heat pipe bundle passes through the containment through the penetrating pipeline and is divided into a heat absorption section positioned in the containment, a heat exchange section positioned outside the containment and a heat insulation section positioned between the heat absorption section and the heat exchange section, and the heat exchange section is positioned above the heat absorption section; the heat absorption section is arranged in the waste heat leading-out heat exchange container, the upper end of the waste heat leading-out heat exchange container is communicated with the main pipeline hot section through a loop waste heat leading-out pipeline, and the bottom end of the waste heat leading-out heat exchange container is communicated with the main pipeline cold section through a coolant return pipeline.
Further, the heat pipe-based small-sized floating pile waste heat guiding system further comprises a vertical air cooling box, and the heat exchange section is arranged in the vertical air cooling box.
In the above technical scheme, the metal wall surface of the heat exchange section is additionally provided with the fins for enhancing heat exchange.
In the technical scheme, the primary circuit waste heat leading-out pipeline and the coolant return pipeline are both provided with isolation valves.
The invention also provides a heat pipe-based small-sized floating pile waste heat export method, which comprises the following steps:
After the primary loop coolant absorbs the reactor waste heat, the primary pipeline hot section enters the waste heat leading-out heat exchange container through a primary loop waste heat leading-out pipeline;
In the waste heat leading-out heat exchange container, the working medium in the heat absorption section of the heat pipe bundle absorbs the heat of the coolant, and the working medium absorbing the heat flows in the heat pipe to the heat exchange section outside the containment; the coolant cooled by heat absorption flows downwards through a coolant return pipe and flows back to the cold section of the main pipe;
The working medium absorbing heat is condensed in the heat exchange section of the heat pipe bundle, and the condensed working medium flows back into the heat absorption section of the heat pipe bundle again under the action of capillary force in the heat pipe.
Further, the heat pipe-based small-sized floating pile waste heat export method further comprises the following steps: the heat pipe bundle heat exchange section is arranged in the vertical air cooling box, and the heat of the heat exchange section is quickly transferred to the air through the vertical air cooling box.
In the above technical solution, the method for guiding out the residual heat of the small-sized floating pile based on the heat pipe further includes: and the metal wall surface of the heat exchange section is additionally provided with fins for enhancing heat exchange, and the natural convection heat exchange area of the heat pipe and air is increased by utilizing the fins, so that the heat exchange capacity of the air side is improved. The invention has the following advantages:
The heat pipe heat transmission system and the technical scheme have the advantages of no dependence on movable facilities, strong inherent safety, high reliability, low failure rate and the like, the operation of the system does not need personnel intervention, and long-term power supply guarantee facilities (such as reliable power and power supply) are not needed, so that the inherent capability of exporting the waste heat of the reactor core of the small-sized floating reactor is improved, and meanwhile, the heat transmission system of the heat pipe is in a closed cycle and can not be influenced by marine environmental conditions.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a heat pipe-based small-sized floating stack waste heat derivation system.
In the figure: 1-waste heat leading-out heat exchange container, 2-heat pipe bundle (2.1-heat absorption section, 2.2-heat insulation section, 2.3-heat exchange section), 3-vertical air cooling box, 4-through pipeline, 5-fin, 6-isolation valve, 7-loop waste heat leading-out pipeline, 8-main pipeline heat section, 9-coolant return pipeline, 10-main pipeline cold section, 11-containment, 12-steam generator, 13-reactor pressure container, 14-main pump.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and to specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the heat pipe-based small-sized floating pile waste heat deriving system of the present invention comprises a waste heat deriving heat exchanging container 1 positioned in a containment 11, a through pipe 4 passing through the containment 11 and a heat pipe bundle 2; the heat pipe bundle 2 passes through the containment 11 through the penetrating pipe 4, wherein the heat pipe bundle 2 is divided into a heat absorption section 2.1 positioned in the containment, a heat exchange section 2.3 positioned outside the containment and a heat insulation section 2.2 positioned between the heat absorption section 2.1 and the heat exchange section 2.3, and the heat exchange section 2.3 is positioned above the heat absorption section 2.1; the heat absorption section 2.1 is arranged in the waste heat leading-out heat exchange container 1, the upper end of the waste heat leading-out heat exchange container 1 is communicated with the main pipeline heat section 8 through a loop waste heat leading-out pipeline 7, the bottom end of the waste heat leading-out heat exchange container 1 is communicated with the main pipeline cold section 10 through a coolant reflux pipeline 9, and the loop waste heat leading-out pipeline 7 and the coolant reflux pipeline 9 are both provided with isolation valves 6.
In order to realize efficient and sufficient heat conduction, a plurality of waste heat guiding systems according to the present invention may be provided in the containment 11, and in this embodiment 1, two waste heat guiding systems according to the present invention are provided, wherein the main pipe is connected to the reactor coolant system in the containment, the high-temperature coolant flows out from the main pipe hot section 8, flows into the waste heat guiding heat exchanging container 1 after passing through the primary circuit waste heat guiding pipe 7, and the coolant cooled in the waste heat guiding heat exchanging container 1 flows back to the main pipe cold section 10 through the coolant return pipe 9 due to gravity.
As a preferred embodiment, the small-sized heat pipe-based floating pile waste heat leading-out system of the invention further comprises a vertical air cooling box 3, the heat exchange section 2.3 of the heat pipe bundle 2 is arranged in the vertical air cooling box 3, and the vertical air cooling box 3 transfers heat of the heat exchange section of the heat pipe bundle 2 to the air by utilizing air cooling.
As another preferred embodiment, the heat pipe-based small-sized floating pile waste heat leading-out system is characterized in that the metal wall surface of the heat exchange section 2.3 of the heat pipe bundle 2 is additionally provided with the fins 5 for enhancing heat exchange.
The working process of the heat pipe-based small-sized floating pile waste heat guiding system, namely the method for realizing waste heat guiding, comprises the following steps:
S1, when the reactor is shut down, after the reactor power is reduced to a set value, opening an isolation valve 6 on a primary circuit waste heat leading-out pipeline 7 and a coolant return pipeline 9 which are connected with a main pipeline of a reactor coolant system in the containment 1.
S2, after the primary loop coolant absorbs the reactor waste heat, the primary pipeline hot section 8 flows upwards through the primary loop waste heat leading-out pipeline 7 and enters the waste heat leading-out heat exchange container 1.
S3, in the waste heat leading-out heat exchange container 1, the working medium in the heat pipe bundle heat absorption section 2.1 absorbs heat of the coolant and evaporates, and flows into the heat pipe bundle heat exchange section 2.3 in the vertical air cooling box 3 through the heat pipe bundle heat insulation section 2.2;
The coolant cooled by the heat absorption of the working medium flows downwards through the coolant return pipe 9 and flows back to the main pipe cold section 10 under the action of gravity, then flows into the waste heat leading-out heat exchange container 1 through the main pipe hot section 8 after the heat absorption of the main pipe, and the natural circulation waste heat leading-out function of the primary loop is completed.
In the vertical air-cooling box 1, cold air flows upwards from the bottom drainage channel so as to cool the heat exchange section 2.3 of the heat pipe bundle, and hot air after heat absorption flows upwards out of the vertical air-cooling box 1. In order to improve the air cooling efficiency of the heat pipe, the metal wall surface of the heat pipe bundle heat exchange section 2.3 increases the natural convection heat exchange area of the heat pipe and air through the fins 5, so that the air side heat exchange capacity is realized.
S4, cooling and condensing working media in the heat pipe bundle heat exchange section 2.3, and then refluxing the working media to the heat pipe bundle heat absorption section 2.1 of the waste heat leading-out heat exchange container 1 through the heat pipe heat insulation section 2.2 under the action of capillary attraction in the heat pipe.
The heat pipe bundle used in the embodiment is formed by a plurality of heat pipes, the heat pipes are passive efficient heat transfer elements, the metal inner walls of the heat pipes are attached with wire mesh-shaped liquid absorption core materials, working liquid (working medium) is filled in the heat pipes, the flow of the working liquid (working medium) is not affected by arrangement of the heat pipes by capillary force of the capillary liquid absorption cores, and the heat transfer function is realized by the fact that the working liquid (working medium) flows back to a hot-section circulation flow process after being evaporated, transited to an adiabatic-section steam flow and condensed by cold-section steam in sequence in the hot-section of the heat pipes.
In the process, the heat of the heat pipe bundle heat section continuously absorbs heat to cause the density difference of the coolant in a loop and form natural circulation driving force, and the coolant circularly flows in a loop waste heat leading-out pipeline and a coolant return pipeline, so that the reactor core waste heat (decay heat) is taken away. In addition, the guiding function of the reactor core waste heat after shutdown is realized under the combined action of the natural circulation flow heat exchange of the coolant in the primary loop (primary loop waste heat guiding pipeline and coolant return pipeline), the natural circulation heat transmission of the heat pipe bundles (hot section, heat insulation section and cold section) and the natural convection heat exchange of the air in the air cooling box.
Claims (7)
1. A small-size float pile waste heat derivation system based on heat pipe, its characterized in that: the device comprises a waste heat leading-out heat exchange container, a penetrating pipeline and a heat pipe bundle, wherein the waste heat leading-out heat exchange container is positioned in a containment; the heat pipe bundle passes through the containment through the penetrating pipeline and is divided into a heat absorption section positioned in the containment, a heat exchange section positioned outside the containment and a heat insulation section positioned between the heat absorption section and the heat exchange section, and the heat exchange section is positioned above the heat absorption section; the heat absorption section is arranged in the waste heat leading-out heat exchange container, the upper end of the waste heat leading-out heat exchange container is communicated with the main pipeline hot section through a loop waste heat leading-out pipeline, and the bottom end of the waste heat leading-out heat exchange container is communicated with the main pipeline cold section through a coolant return pipeline.
2. The heat pipe-based mini-stack waste heat removal system of claim 1, wherein: the heat exchange section is arranged in the vertical air cooling box.
3. The heat pipe-based mini-stack waste heat removal system of claim 1 or 2, wherein: and the metal wall surface of the heat exchange section is additionally provided with fins for enhancing heat exchange.
4. A heat pipe-based mini-stack waste heat derivation system as in claim 3, wherein: and the primary circuit waste heat leading-out pipeline and the coolant return pipeline are both provided with isolation valves.
5. The method for guiding out the residual heat of the small-sized floating pile based on the heat pipe is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
After the primary loop coolant absorbs the reactor waste heat, the primary pipeline hot section enters the waste heat leading-out heat exchange container through a primary loop waste heat leading-out pipeline;
In the waste heat leading-out heat exchange container, the working medium in the heat absorption section of the heat pipe bundle absorbs the heat of the coolant, and the working medium absorbing the heat flows in the heat pipe to the heat exchange section outside the containment; the coolant cooled by heat absorption flows downwards through a coolant return pipe and flows back to the cold section of the main pipe;
The working medium absorbing heat is condensed in the heat exchange section of the heat pipe bundle, and the condensed working medium flows back into the heat absorption section of the heat pipe bundle again under the action of capillary force in the heat pipe.
6. The heat pipe-based small-sized floating pile waste heat derivation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: the heat pipe bundle heat exchange section is arranged in the vertical air cooling box, and heat of the heat exchange section is quickly transferred to air through the vertical air cooling box.
7. The heat pipe-based small-sized floating pile waste heat derivation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: the heat exchange device further comprises a fin for enhancing heat exchange, wherein the fin is additionally arranged on the metal wall surface of the heat exchange section.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410311900.1A CN118197668A (en) | 2024-03-19 | 2024-03-19 | Heat pipe-based small-sized floating pile waste heat export system and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410311900.1A CN118197668A (en) | 2024-03-19 | 2024-03-19 | Heat pipe-based small-sized floating pile waste heat export system and method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN118197668A true CN118197668A (en) | 2024-06-14 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410311900.1A Pending CN118197668A (en) | 2024-03-19 | 2024-03-19 | Heat pipe-based small-sized floating pile waste heat export system and method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN118197668A (en) |
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2024
- 2024-03-19 CN CN202410311900.1A patent/CN118197668A/en active Pending
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