CN1181802A

CN1181802A - Heating unit

Info

Publication number: CN1181802A
Application number: CN96193270A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 约翰·弗朗西斯·厄契
Original assignee: Eco Air Ltd
Current assignee: Eco Air Ltd
Priority date: 1995-04-12
Filing date: 1996-03-28
Publication date: 1998-05-13
Anticipated expiration: 2016-03-28
Also published as: CA2217971A1; CA2217971C; WO1996032611A1; CN1155778C; EP0817944A4; EP0817944A1; NZ303638A

Abstract

A fresh air heating unit has a casing (2) containing a stale air flow path (25) and a fresh air flow path (14). Combusted gas products from a gas burner (29) are mixed with the fresh air to heat it to a desired temperature before it is discharged into an enclosure. The two paths extend through a heat exchanger (15) and the rate of flow of stale air driven by a fan (26) through the casing is substantially equal to the rate of flow of fresh air driven through the casing by a second fan (21). As the rate of flow of fresh air from the casing into an enclosure is substantially matched by the rate of flow of stale air from the enclosure, and heat is transferred between the two air flows by the heat exchanger (15), a total replacement of air in the enclosure at a relatively high rate can be sustained in an economically viable manner. The level of noxious combustion products in the enclosure and produced by the gas burner (29) can thus be kept beneath that regarded as harmful by health authorities.

Description

Heater

Invention field

The present invention is about providing the heater of warm air to an obturator such as room, workshop, restaurant, club or factory with quite high flow.The present invention particularly about a kind of like this device with shell, contains the burner that is used for adding hot-air in the shell, be used for driving the blower fan of air by housing, the non-contacting gas heat exchanger; The import of the fresh air on shell and fresh warm air leave housing and send into the air-supply outlet of obturator.This air heating apparatus is referred to as " above-mentioned pattern " hereinafter.

State of the art

A kind of structure of the air heating apparatus of the above-mentioned pattern of using now has two non-contacting gas heat exchangers in its housing, each heat exchanger is side and secondary side once.Hot gas after the burning that first heat exchanger comes out in its primary side supply gas burner, the new air of secondary side supply, new air is being sent to obturator behind over-heat-exchanger.Gas still has available heat after leaving the burning of primary side, and therefore, before with blower fan it being discharged to environment by exhanst gas outlet, they are through the primary side of second contactless heat exchanger.

Suck fresh air with the second typhoon machine through the import on the housing, before being fed to obturator, respectively successively through secondary side and first heat exchanger of second heat exchanger of ganging up mutually by air supply outlet.

Because first heat exchanger must bear the high temperature of the combustion product of burner generation, the burning afterproduct of its primary side is cooled to below the dew point through the quite cold fresh air of secondary side owing to flow through, and second heat exchanger must bear the danger of the corrosivity acid solution that wherein forms.These two heat exchangers are by the metal manufacturing.These two kinds of coolings can cause moisture condensation on sidewall, and condensate liquid dissolves the gas that can form acid in the combustion product then.Owing to this reason, the primary side of second heat exchanger is made vertical, and the extrapolation fin heat transfer pipe that is enclosed in the box forms secondary side, and the liquid that condenses in primary side is discharged at once and is discharged in the suitable gatherer.This heat exchanger has the cross-current characteristic, therefore has about 50% or the littler thermal efficiency.

Structure is as the heater of general introduction just now, and the temperature that will provide to obturator is provided the air themperature that requires the heat of burner output to be enough to come in.Because it is quite high that the temperature difference that will raise may surpass the air mass flow of 20 degree and the housing of flowing through, about 200m ²Living space requires to supply gas with the flow between 550 to 600 liters of the per seconds, needs enough large-sized burner.Flue gas contains poisonous combustion product naturally, and the height of its generation speed is so that hygienic practice requires flue gas to be discharged to outside the building.This has just prevented that poisonous combustion product is to being fed to the risk of pollution of the fresh air that goes in the obturator.The heat energy that feeds to obturator owing to major part loses the operating cost height of this device along with leaving the old air of obturator.

Invention

According to the present invention, the heater of above-mentioned pattern has the shell of a band air-vent, uses the primary side of above-mentioned contactless heat exchanger, gets back to the warm old air that driven by blower fan that environment goes by air-vent from above-mentioned obturator and is recovered; Between fresh air import on the shell and above-mentioned air supply outlet, extend, and an air flow channel that partly forms by above-mentioned contactless heat exchanger secondary side; A gas burner is set; Combustion product directly is discharged to above-mentioned air flow channel; In this heater, the operation control of the heat-transfer character of above-mentioned heat exchanger, the throughput by its secondary side and burner is worked in coordination, and this device can be in obturator be provided at the preferred temperature scope like this, the ratio of combustion product is no more than one fresh air that is considered to healthy harmful requirement in the air stream.The preferential pattern particular design of using of gas burner becomes to produce the toxic gas and the carbon dioxide of suitable small number.On Australian market, this burner typically refers to " infrared ceramic surface combustion burner ".Preferred feature of the present invention

Heat exchanger can be any suitable design, as cross-current or convection type.It is little and simple that it can comprise that more than one heat exchanger, device of the present invention that serial or parallel connection connects can be designed to, and also can make more cheaply than the conventional equipment of the same gas thermal capacity of present use.Owing to improved recuperation of heat from the old air that leaves obturator, it also can resemble uses operation cheaply the microburner.

The particular design of the counter-flow heat exchanger that a kind of the present invention can use constitutes my Australian Patent NOS.637, and 090 and 660,781 theme inserts as a reference here.

The secondary side of this heat exchanger preferably is arranged to the environment fresh air and just passed through it before running into burner.Conduct heat optimised to fresh air like this.Burner is best, although not necessarily, is arranged in and drives fresh air through on its blower fan and the fresh air runner between the fresh air air supply outlet.The present invention can be used in air heater and have on the device of cooling air facility, and it can install to and need hot-air winter and need summer to go in the room of cold air like this.

Therefore, according to a second aspect of the invention, the heater of above-mentioned pattern has the primary side that uses the contactless heat exchanger of adverse current, get back to the shell of the band air-vent that warm old air that environment goes to be subjected to blower fan to drive is recovered by air-vent from above-mentioned obturator, at an air flow channel that extends and partly form between above-mentioned fresh air import and the air supply outlet on the housing by this heat exchanger secondary side; One directly is discharged into gas burner in the air flow channel with combustion products, first evaporation air cooling block on the fresh air runner; One be arranged in from the air-vent to the heat exchanger the first time side flow old air flow channel on second evaporation air cooling block; The water that will flow through second block and be cooled is transported to the water circle device of first block upper end, sends back to the upper end of second block again from the lower end water of first block.The water that use is cooled in a block, with for providing the water circle device that water circulates to come along other blocks of cooling between the block, so that the circulation of the water between the block to be provided, constituted the theme of I disclosed pct international patent application NO.WO 95/33960, insert as a reference here.

Evaporation air cooling block is designed to produce the low-flow resistance between its opposite side, and keep humidity by the water of block drippage when very big air-flow contact area is provided.For example, use with trade mark EDLdek and GLAsdek commerce at this block of Australia, and put on market by swedish company " ABCarl Monters ".

Preferably first block is located on the fresh air runner of burner upstream, and conveying gas blower reasonably is located on the gas channel between first block and the burner.The danger of the overheated damage device that causes of first block when one overtemperature blocking-up safety device can be set easily with the misoperation of minimizing contingency burner.It can install on the burner easily.

When the matching requirements of second aspect of the present invention provided cold air, burner was stopped transport and the operation of water cycle facilities.The old air of extracting out from obturator flows through second block and therefrom evaporates some moisture content.Extract the latent heat of vaporization from the water through the block drippage, water is cooled off significantly when water arrives the lower end of block like this, is pumped into the upper end of first block then.

Enter the hot and fresh surrounding air of fresh air import through the cold old air cooling of contactless heat exchanger primary side from second block.The fresh air that is cooled then through first block by flowing down on this block and further cooling off by the cold water of the second block supply.

The preferred form of the present invention is to enter into old air mass flow that housing goes no better than or the flow of the fresh air that is provided to the envelope dense body by this device is provided from obturator.This just will discharge the heat loss that old air causes by the perforate as door and window and reduce to minimum.The advantage of this device is that it provides whole air replacing in the obturator and does not have a large amount of and uneconomic heat loss when operation.The upper air current amount of turnover obturator can kept economically, and unwanted air pollution in the obturator like this as from cigarette or other harmful substances, can remain on and begins to cause under the level of health risk.

Accompanying drawing is introduced

By example,, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to an appended heating and cooling device flow chart that is shown with the vertical section of side-looking.

The description of preferred embodiment

The device that diagram is included in the shell 2 has new air intlet 3, outlet 4, the suction inlet 5 of old air and the outlet 6 of old air of new air.Housing 2 is designed to towards obturator, is standing as the exterior wall 1 in room, and it is installed on the floor 7 in room like this.Yet it can be received within the penthouse or the underground space in room selectively, and connects with airduct, air feed and exhaust from the floor in room or ceiling perforate.

Enclosure interior is divided into new air flow channel 14 and old air flow channel 25 by demarcation strip 13.New air flow channel contains the secondary side of convection current, non-contacting gas heat exchanger 15, and its design has illustrated and done claim in my Australian Patent NOS, 637,090 or 660,781, inserts here as a reference.This heat exchanger has the theoretical thermal efficiency about 80% and can rise above big air mass flow by processing requirements per second 500-1000.

Secondary side one end and the fresh air import 3 of heat exchanger 15 are joined, the other end in two

evaporative cooling blocks

16 and 17 above first block 16 supplied fresh air.After flow through cooling block 16 and blower fan 21, air is passed by and is positioned at the temperature sensitive isolating switch 18 of new air cell 11, gas burner top, is loaded on the beaker of steel wire on the air intlet 29 or ceramic orifice plate 28 in one of the burner likeness in form.Arrange from beaker 20 by outlet 27 through the combustion product that gas combustion forms at steel wire or plate 28 upper surfaces.This burner can have the capacity between ten to 50 kilowatts.Fresh air from blower fan 21 mixes in cell 11 mutually with the combustion product of burner, is discharged to the inside, room by air supply outlet 4 then.

With the second typhoon machine, 26 suction air-vents 5, the old air of blower fan suction is through the below or be positioned at the cooling of second on plane, block 16 belows block 17 from the old air in the room.Two

blocks

16,17 are linked to each other by distributor 31, are introduced into down the upper end of block 17 like this from the water of last block 16 lower ends drippage.The water that is cooled off through two

blocks

16,17 is collected in down in the water storage tray 35 below the block 17, be recycled on the handing-over house steward 33 who is positioned at second distributor 32 top second upper end that distributor is introduced water to go up block 16 then by pipeline 34 with float control pump 24.How coupling together the detailed description of shared same water about two this blocks is my pct international patent application WO 95/33960 theme above-mentioned.

As with shown in the dotted line of arrow, the old air that leaves down block 17 is drawn into the primary side of heat exchanger 15, then by outlet 6 dischargings.The many heats that extract from old air pass to fresh air in heat exchanger 15.The operation of preferred embodiment

When heater is used as an air heater, without pump 24.About 22 ℃ of old air from building are introduced import 5 by blower fan, through the primary side of overdrying block 17 and heat exchanger 15.Because heat exchanger is reverse-flow, it has the high thermal efficiency and most of useful heat in the old air can be sent in the fresh air of the heat exchanger secondary side 14 of flowing through.Old air through over-heat-exchanger has the high flow capacity that is generally 650 liters of per seconds, leaves housing 2 and old air outlet slit 6 with blower fan 26.

The about 0 ℃ cold bright air of environment of temperature enters import 3, is heated to about 18 ℃ of temperature at the secondary side of heat exchanger.Flow to cooling block 16 along dotted line then, suck blower fan by it, blower fan is to cell 12 feed fresh airs.Here it mixes mutually with the hot combustion product of burner outlet 27 discharges.This just is elevated to 40 ℃ to 50 ℃ with the temperature of fresh air stream, also increases its moisture content slightly, and like this, although temperature is elevated to 40 ℃-50 ℃ from 18 ℃, in fact the temperature of air is increased to the level between 20% to 50%.The increase of temperature has embodied its advantage, and the heater of existing traditional design temperature constant when temperature raises reduces.In order to address this problem, provide a specific fire cannon to traditional heater traditionally.Containing significantly flow that the hot-air of the burning gases of dilution rises with per second 500-700 is discharged in the building and goes.

Just in case blower fan 21 lost efficacy, temperature rise is detected by isolating switch 18 and moves and cut off burner near burner 20.The output of the heat of burner by circuit (not shown but in gas burner technology, often use) control so that the hot air temperature that feeds to building is maintained desired value.If accident conditions takes place, the burn-out device can also be realized with the pressure drop on the new air duct between the response heat exchanger turnover oral-lateral by a burner control circuit is set.

In summer, device need provide cold air to building with the high flow capacity that common per second 900-1200 rises.At this moment burner does not rerun.Replace pump 24 startings, recirculated water between two blocks 16 and 17.Obviously, some water will run off by evaporation, and it is supplied with (not shown) by the make-up water that uses 24 controls of float control pump and replenishes, the water level in the control pump response water storage tray 35.

Old air from building was taken out air-vent 5, fed to down block 17 then, and it evaporates some and drips the water that gets off through blocks like this.This has just extracted the latent heat of vaporization from block 17, so water just is further cooled when slowly dripping it, and moist and air further cooling is through the primary side of over-heat-exchanger 15, and its cooling here is drawn into the warm bright air of suction of housing from environment by blower fan 21.Then, old air discharges by outlet 6 with blower fan 26.

Flow through the heat exchanger 15 of cooling air from the cool fresh air of import 3.Then, the cool fresh air is through first block 16, and it keeps cooling with water from water storage tray 35 pumping cooling waters by pump 24 and pipeline 34.Therefore, fresh air further cooling feed to the room by blower fan with the speed of about 1200 liters of per seconds again.

Above-mentioned heating and cooling device feature is few, the little and easy manufacturing of volume, and also operation is cheap.

Two

blower fans

21 and 26 can be grouped together, and the fresh air flow that flows to obturator like this or is a bit larger tham old air mass flow from obturator no better than.The air pressure higher slightly than environment kept in hope in obturator, cold air stream just can not be drawn into the obturator from the external world like this.The modification of preferred embodiment

Although because its high thermal efficiency said apparatus has used counterflow heat exchanger, this heat exchanger is not necessarily leaveed no choice but this form.Two cross-current heat exchangers with serial or parallel connection, or other combinations can provide better heat transfer equally, the purpose of heat exchanger is to make that enough heats can be from old air to the fresh air transmission among the present invention, to reduce heat demand level to burner, here combustion product is by the fresh air diluted stream, and it no longer produces unacceptable health risk and conforms with the healthy standard of implementing like this.The real design of heat exchanger that obtains this effect is unimportant, also can link to each other with other heat exchangers and is a kind of way.Certainly, if replace contraflow heat exchanger with the cross-current heat exchanger, the cross-current heat exchanger should have king-sized capacity, and " delay " therein of air stream is chronic like this, and flow just reduces a lot.This will strengthen the heat transfer between heat exchanger primary side and secondary side greatly.

An important advantage of the air heating apparatus of described pattern is, by what make through housing Old air mass flow is almost identical with the new air mass flow that enters obturator, and it can move to provide sealing Air is all changed continuously in the body. The characteristics of this whole replacings allow cigarette or other impurity reach From obturator, discharge fast before harmful level.

In many countries, the highest level of the harmful products of combustion that allows in the air is 1,000,000/ Three. Device of the present invention can obtain so low level of pollution between continuous operating period, by choosing With the burner of correct design, the level of pollution of harmful products of combustion can drop to 1,000,000/to one Point five.

Claims

1. the heater of an above-mentioned pattern comprises the primary side that uses above-mentioned non-contacting gas heat exchanger, gets back to the shell of the band air-vent that the warm old air that driven by blower fan that environment goes is recovered from above-mentioned obturator by air-vent; Extending between above-mentioned fresh air import and the air supply outlet on the housing, and an air duct that partly forms by contactless heat exchanger secondary side; A gas burner that combustion product directly is discharged to above-mentioned air flow channel is set; In this heater, the operation control of the heat-transfer character of above-mentioned contactless heat exchanger, the throughput by its secondary side and burner is worked in coordination, and this device can be in obturator be provided at the desired temperatures scope like this, the ratio of combustion product is no more than one fresh air that is considered to healthy harmful requirement in the air stream.

2. as the heater in the claim 1, wherein the above-mentioned gas burner is positioned at the upstream and the blower fan downstream of driving fresh air by air flow channel of the fresh air air supply outlet of housing.

3. as the heater of claim 1 or 2, what wherein the non-contacting gas heat exchanger comprised the band buffer board is the heat exchanger of adverse current basically, through its primary side and secondary side, bending channel is parallel to each other on its most of length basically along bending channel for buffer board guiding air.

4. as the heater of above-mentioned arbitrary claim, wherein two typhoon machines move with identical or intimate identical speed, and are designed to the new air mass flow that flows to obturator that can provide bigger slightly than the old air mass flow of extracting out from obturator.

5. as the heater of above-mentioned arbitrary claim, comprise two evaporation air cooling blocks, they are arranged to respectively across new and old air through on two passages of this device.

6. as the heater in the claim 5, comprise that one is positioned at the thermoswitch of gas burner top, if the temperature of measuring surpasses predetermined value, it is connected and removes to close heater.

7. as the heater of claim 5 or 6, wherein a block is across on the old air flow channel of part that extends between old air intlet and the heat exchanger, second block is arranged in the top position of above-mentioned block and across on the fresh air runner of above-mentioned gas burner upstream, the upper end that water that one water circulation system will be cooled through above-mentioned first block is transported to second block is set, and its its lower end is linked to each other with a distributor water that guiding leaves it enters the top of an above-mentioned block.

8. as the heater of above-mentioned arbitrary claim, a side is provided with fresh air outlet and old air intake on the shell, and opposite side is provided with old air outlet slit and new air intlet.

9. as the heater of above-mentioned arbitrary claim, wherein the outlet of old air is positioned at the top of new air intlet.

10. as the heater of above-mentioned arbitrary claim, wherein the control circuit of gas burner is controlled through the pressure drop of passing heat exchanger that over-heat-exchanger produces towards gas burner by air-flow.