CN118169246A - Rapid detection method and detection system for damage of bridge inhaul cable anchoring area - Google Patents
Rapid detection method and detection system for damage of bridge inhaul cable anchoring area Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and a system for rapidly detecting damage of a bridge cable anchoring area, wherein an exposed steel wire at the end part of the cable is divided into a plurality of areas, reflected echo signals of the steel wires of different areas are sequentially collected by utilizing an adjusted and calibrated ultrasonic wave receiving and transmitting detection device, waveforms of the envelope amplitude of the collected reflected echo signals of each area along with the depth are displayed after Hilbert transformation, whether reflected waves exceeding a preset amplitude exist between a starting end and an ending end or not is judged, namely damaged steel wires possibly existing in a steel wire bundle of the cable anchoring area can be found, and the positions of the damage possibly occurring and the amplitude of abnormal reflected waves can be conveniently judged by analyzing and collecting the echo energy and the maximum reflection amplitude in a detection range. The invention has low realization cost and convenient operation, can carry out on-site rapid detection on the single inhaul cable wire through single-point excitation, and does not need to use a couplant and can not generate extra damage and pollution to the cable body compared with the traditional ultrasonic detection method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bridge detection, in particular to a method and a system for rapidly detecting damage of a bridge inhaul cable anchoring area.
Background
The cable is a key bearing part of a large-span bridge, and is generally formed by manufacturing a seven-core steel strand bundle by high-strength galvanized steel wires, then forming the cable by the steel strand bundle, wherein a prestressed duct penetrating through a bridge floor concrete frame beam is provided with bearing by tensioning grouting, and the bridge floor load and constant load are transmitted to a main tower to provide bearing by being exposed outside as a main cable.
During the service period of the bridge, the outside main cable and the inside prestressed cable are subjected to alternating loads with continuously changing magnitudes and accelerations for a long time under the influence of external environments (such as vehicle load, wind load, temperature change and the like), and fatigue effect is easy to generate to cause the failure of the cable. In addition, the main cable system is generally exposed to natural environment, especially to areas with serious atmospheric pollution, areas with serious water pollution, seashore and marine environment, and when the corrosion-resistant system is damaged in the construction stage or the fatigue service stage caused by alternating load, the steel wires in the cable are extremely easy to corrode and damage the main cable system. In particular, in the anchoring zone of the main cable, since the cable is arranged vertically or obliquely, rainwater permeates into the anchoring zone along the cable body to form long-term accumulated water, the corrosion degree is more serious than that of the free cable part, and the hidden part cannot be found by visual detection.
In addition, although the embedded prestressed inhaul cable does not have the exposure risk, the anchoring area of the prestressed inhaul cable also has the realistic conditions of penetrating water and long-term ponding, and the possibility of accelerating corrosion damage exists under the action of prestressing. Under the combined action of fatigue damage and corrosion damage, the inhaul cable is extremely easy to form broken wire damage under the two bearing working conditions of the inhaul cable, if the inhaul cable cannot be found in time, the inhaul cable with the damage is not replaced in time, the whole bridge is unstable, and immeasurable loss is caused to personal safety and social economy.
At present, fewer main cable part detection means, particularly nondestructive detection means, are exposed to the inhaul cable at home and abroad, and are in an exploration stage. The existing nondestructive testing method for cable damage mainly comprises the following steps: visual detection, magnetic leakage, acoustic emission, radiation detection, and ultrasonic guided wave. The visual detection method can only judge obvious damage on the surface of the cable body, but can not judge the surface fine damage and the damage in the cable body, can not meet the requirement of overall safety evaluation of the cable, and is only suitable for being used as an auxiliary detection means; in the aspect of cable wire breakage and defect detection of the exposed part of the main cable, the magnetic flux leakage detection technology has a certain result, but the method cannot detect in an anchoring area due to the wrapping of concrete; the acoustic emission technology is a passive monitoring means, is mainly used for monitoring and researching the characteristics of laboratory broken wire signals at present, is difficult to be applied to a real bridge site due to the interference of environmental noise and the complexity of main cable acoustic propagation, and can be used for developing the related nondestructive detection technology; moreover, the ray detection technology capable of visually displaying the damage is difficult to detect in an anchoring area, and even if the ray protection is required due to heavy equipment, the ray detection technology cannot be used as a conventional detection means.
For the ultrasonic guided wave technology, china patent CN101393173A proposes a magnetostriction-based nondestructive detection mode, which is characterized in that a transient excitation magnetic field is applied to a magnetic material, guided waves are excited in a component, reflected wave signals are obtained through the inverse magnetostriction effect, the damage condition of the detected component is analyzed according to the reflected wave signals, but the excitation signals of the scheme are weak, the detection of a central steel wire of a cable body is difficult, and the piezoelectric excitation-based ultrasonic guided wave technology has certain advantages for detecting stress, corrosion, defects and broken wires of the cable, particularly in an anchoring area, however, due to the long-term influence of factors such as rainwater, the cable anchoring area is far easier to corrode and damage than other parts, so that the broken wires are caused. Chinese patent CN107843651a adopts a mode of transmitting and receiving ultrasonic signals to excite and receive ultrasonic signals to realize defect detection, and analyzes the damaged position and depth of the steel wire by processing the received ultrasonic guided wave signals, but the method requires two detection surfaces, and has great difficulty in application.
In the prior art, the inventor participates in the applied Chinese patent (application number: 201510043954) and adopts a self-receiving ultrasonic guided wave excitation and receiving mode to find out broken wire damage of the steel wire in the cable anchoring area through manual pre-buried defect verification. However, the method adopts a surface contact ultrasonic probe, so that the end face of the steel wire in the anchoring area must be polished to be smooth and flat to ensure the acquisition of possible damaged reflection echoes through the liquid coupling agent. Although the method can verify possible steel wire damage through careful work in a laboratory, the site anchoring area is narrow in space and is unfavorable for polishing operation, manual liquid coupling for collecting ultrasonic signals cannot ensure no detection omission, and a nondestructive detection means with simple and efficient operation is urgently required to develop. In addition, the inventor's issued Chinese patent CN 113567559B-an ultrasonic detection device for cable steel wire corrosion and a method thereof also adopts a self-receiving ultrasonic guided wave excitation and acceptance mode, adopts a dry coupling probe to replace the surface contact probe, does not need to couple liquid, only needs to use a designed limit packaging structure to enable the probe to be in contact with the side part of the tested steel wire, can conveniently and reliably transmit and accept ultrasonic guided waves, and analyzes the corrosion condition of the tested steel wire through further signal processing. However, the issued patent needs a specially designed clamping device to ensure contact along the axial direction of the steel wire, the exposed side edge of the steel wire of the inhaul cable is needed, and the clamping dry contact detection can only be carried out on the steel wire at the periphery of the inhaul cable, so that the steel wire inside the inhaul cable cannot be detected. Meanwhile, only the exposed end part of the inhaul cable steel wire of the anchoring area exists on the spot, and the side part is not in clamping contact, so that although the authorized method can be used for detecting the periphery of the free end of the main cable, the detection of the inhaul cable steel wire of the anchoring area is difficult.
Based on this, there is still a need in the art for further research to obtain a new rapid detection method for cable anchoring zone injury.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects and improvement demands in the prior art, and the invention provides a method and a system for rapidly detecting damage to a cable anchoring area of a bridge.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a method for rapidly detecting damage of a bridge inhaul cable anchoring area, which comprises the following steps:
S1, numbering steel wires of an exposed anchoring area of an anchor head of a inhaul cable to be detected in a partition mode;
S2, predicting a depth range in which damage possibly exists in a cable anchoring area, adjusting and determining the depth range of effective reflection echo signals of ultrasonic receiving and transmitting detection equipment, calibrating a starting end and an ending end, and storing no-load waveforms of the ultrasonic receiving and transmitting detection equipment;
S3, sequentially collecting reflected echo signals of the steel wires of different subareas, displaying waveforms of the collected reflected echo signal envelope amplitudes of the subareas along with the depth after Hilbert transformation, judging whether reflected waves exceeding a preset amplitude exist between a starting end and an ending end, judging that the risk of broken wire damage exists if the reflected waves exceeding the preset amplitude exist, and giving out the possible positions of damage and the amplitudes of abnormal reflected waves;
S4, comparing the detected waveform of the envelope amplitude of the reflected echo signal of each subarea along with the depth change with the idle waveform to obtain echo energy and echo maximum amplitude of each subarea in a detection range, calculating average echo energy and corresponding standard deviation value of each subarea, average echo maximum amplitude and corresponding standard deviation value of each subarea, comparing the average echo energy and corresponding standard deviation value of each area, and average echo maximum amplitude and corresponding standard deviation value, and determining abnormal area.
In one embodiment of the invention, in step S1, steel wires of the exposed anchoring area of the cable anchor head are divided into three areas of an inner ring, a middle ring and an outer ring according to the distribution positions of the inner layer and the outer layer, and a certain number of steel wire heads are selected from each area to be marked in sequence.
In one embodiment of the invention, in step S2, the depth range in which damage to the cable anchoring area is likely to exist is predicted by on-site observation and measurement and according to engineering design drawings.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, a non-invasive free steel wire with a diameter consistent with and similar to the predicted depth of the lesion is selected to adjust the vertical gain and the horizontal scanning range displayed by the ultrasonic transceiver detection device until the end reflection echo signal can be clearly displayed at the display end of the ultrasonic transceiver detection device, the signal amplitude is not less than 80% of the full screen, the reflection echo waveform is stored, the waveform is the depth range of the effective reflection echo signal of the ultrasonic transceiver detection device, and the starting end and the ending end are calibrated; at this time, the ultrasonic wave receiving and transmitting detection equipment is not in contact with the free steel wire, the reflected echo disappears, and the ultrasonic wave receiving and transmitting detection equipment still displays the waveform of the detection dead zone of the signal transmitting end, and the waveform is the idle waveform of the ultrasonic wave receiving and transmitting detection equipment.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, it is determined that there is a reflected wave exceeding 40% of the full screen amplitude between the start end and the end, and then it is determined that there is a risk of broken wire damage.
In one embodiment of the invention, in step S4, the average echo energy and corresponding standard deviation value for each zone, and the average echo maximum amplitude and corresponding standard deviation value are compared using a histogram.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a detection system for damage of a bridge inhaul cable anchoring area, which can execute the rapid detection method, and comprises the following steps: the device comprises a point contact ultrasonic probe, ultrasonic receiving and transmitting detection equipment and an upper computer, wherein the point contact ultrasonic probe, the ultrasonic receiving and transmitting detection equipment and the upper computer are portable equipment.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the point contact ultrasonic probe includes:
A housing;
an ultrasonic probe disposed in the housing, an end of the ultrasonic probe protruding from the housing;
The probe is arranged at the end part of the ultrasonic probe, and the probe can be in contact with the steel wire;
And the elastic piece is arranged in the shell and elastically supports the ultrasonic probe.
In one embodiment of the invention, the ultrasonic transceiver detection device comprises an ultrasonic spontaneous self-receiving module and a waveform acquisition module.
In one embodiment of the invention, the upper computer can realize signal acquisition, filtering, time domain and frequency domain analysis and depth compensation, and can realize signal display adjustment and real-time recording and analysis of acquired data.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
According to the rapid detection method for damage of the bridge inhaul cable anchoring area, single-point excitation is adopted to perform site rapid and regular inhaul cable damage general investigation on the inhaul cable wire anchoring area, detailed detection of steel wires one by one can be performed on key damage areas displayed by general investigation results, and accuracy and reliability of detection results are greatly improved.
The rapid detection method for damage of the bridge inhaul cable anchoring area predicts the depth range of possible damage of the inhaul cable anchoring area, adjusts and calibrates the portable equipment on site, and avoids unreliable on-site detection data, especially missed detection of potential damage.
According to the rapid detection method for damage of the bridge inhaul cable anchoring area, the inhaul cable steel wire anchoring area is innovatively divided into a plurality of detection areas, the positions where the inhaul cable can have corrosion damage are judged by comparing the average echo energy of each area with the corresponding standard deviation, the maximum amplitude of the average echo and the corresponding standard deviation, the corrosion development path and the self detection data are innovatively utilized, and the reliability of the detection data and the detection conclusion is improved.
According to the system for detecting the damage of the bridge inhaul cable anchoring area, disclosed by the invention, on one hand, compared with a traditional ultrasonic detection mode, the system does not need to use a couplant, and extra damage and pollution to an inhaul cable body are avoided by utilizing the point contact ultrasonic probe to be matched with ultrasonic receiving and transmitting detection equipment.
According to the system for detecting damage of the bridge cable anchoring area, disclosed by the invention, the portable equipment is utilized for collecting and processing data information, and the possible cable damage detection results are found by respectively carrying out statistical analysis on the exposed steel wire heads of the cable anchoring area according to the area, so that a portable and convenient-to-operate nondestructive detection mode is realized.
Drawings
In order that the invention may be more readily understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a rapid detection method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an overall schematic of the detection system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the point contact ultrasonic probe of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a known length wire echo waveform used to adjust the detection device in one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an idler waveform referenced for echo signal statistics in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an ultrasonic echo waveform of a broken wire lesion found in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the result of the signal statistics analysis according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the specification reference numerals: 1. a steel wire; 11. an inner ring; 12. a middle ring; 13. an outer ring; 2. a point contact ultrasonic probe; 21. a top plate; 22. a bottom plate; 23. a left side plate; 24. a right side plate; 25. an upper end plate; 26. a middle partition plate; 27. a lower end plate; 28. a data line connector; 29. an internal connection line; 30. an elastic member; 31. an ultrasonic probe; 32. a probe; 3. an ultrasonic wave receiving and transmitting detection device; 4. and an upper computer.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to be limiting, so that those skilled in the art will better understand the invention and practice it.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention provides a method for rapidly detecting damage of a bridge inhaul cable anchoring area, which comprises the following steps:
S1, carrying out partition numbering on the steel wires 1 of the exposed anchoring area of the cable anchor head to be detected, specifically, according to the characteristic that corrosion of the steel wires 1 is usually developed from outside to inside, dividing the steel wires 1 of the exposed anchoring area of the cable anchor head into three areas according to the distribution positions of the inner layer and the outer layer, selecting a certain number of steel wires 1 in each area to sequentially mark, and numbering according to the inner ring 11 (I i), the middle ring 12 (M i) and the outer ring 13 (O i) (i=1, 2,3 …) respectively.
S2, predicting a depth range in which damage is likely to exist in a cable anchoring area, adjusting and determining the depth range of the ultrasonic transceiver detection equipment 3 for effectively reflecting echo signals, calibrating a starting end and an ending end, and storing an idle load waveform of the ultrasonic transceiver detection equipment 3;
specifically, in step S2, the depth range of possible damage of the cable anchoring area is predicted by on-site observation and measurement and according to engineering design drawings;
Specifically, in step S2, a non-damaged free steel wire 1 with a diameter consistent with the predicted depth of damage and a material similar to that of the non-damaged free steel wire is selected to adjust the vertical gain and the horizontal scanning range displayed by the ultrasonic transceiver detection device 3 until the end reflection echo signal can be clearly displayed at the display end of the ultrasonic transceiver detection device 3, the signal amplitude is not less than 80% of the full screen, the reflection echo waveform is stored, and the waveform is the depth range of the effective reflection echo signal of the ultrasonic transceiver detection device 3, and the starting end and the ending end are calibrated; at this time, the ultrasonic wave receiving and transmitting detection device 3 is arranged not to contact the free steel wire 1, the reflected echo disappears, and the ultrasonic wave receiving and transmitting detection device 3 still displays the waveform of the detection dead zone of the signal transmitting end, namely the no-load waveform A k (d) of the ultrasonic wave receiving and transmitting detection device 3.
The rapid detection method for damage of the bridge inhaul cable anchoring area predicts the depth range of possible damage of the inhaul cable anchoring area, adjusts and calibrates the portable equipment on site, and avoids unreliable on-site detection data, especially missed detection of potential damage.
S3, sequentially collecting reflected echo signals of the steel wires 1 in different partitions (namely an inner ring 11, a middle ring 12 and an outer ring 13), displaying waveforms A Ii(d)、AMi(d)、AOi (d) of the collected reflected echo signal envelopes of the partitions along with the depth change after Hilbert transformation (Hilbert transformation), judging whether reflected waves exceeding a preset amplitude exist between a starting end and an ending end, judging that the risk of broken wire damage exists if the reflected waves exceeding the preset amplitude exist, and giving the possible positions of the damage and the amplitudes of abnormal reflected waves;
specifically, according to the actual detection experience, in step S3, it is determined that there is a reflected wave exceeding 40% of the full screen amplitude between the start end and the end, and it is determined that there is a risk of broken wire damage.
S4, comparing the detected waveform A Ii(d)、AMi(d)、AOi (d) of the envelope amplitude of the reflected echo signal of each partition along with the depth with the idle waveform A k (d) to obtain echo energy Eng_A Ii,Eng_AMi and Eng_A Oi (i=1, 2,3, … N) and echo maximum amplitude of each partition in a detection range, and Amp_A Ii,Amp_AMi and Amp_A Oi (i=1, 2,3, … N), calculating average echo energy Avg_Eng_A I, Avg_Eng_AM, Avg_Eng_AO and corresponding standard deviation value std_Eng_A I, Std_Eng_AM, Std_Eng_AO of each partition and average echo maximum amplitude avg_Amp_A I, Avg_Amp_AM, Avg_Amp_AO and corresponding standard deviation value std_Amp_A I, Std_Amp_AM, Std_Amp_AO of each partition, and comparing the average echo energy and corresponding standard deviation value of each region and the average echo maximum amplitude and corresponding standard deviation value to determine an abnormal region;
for example: if the average reflected wave energy and the average highest reflected amplitude of the outer ring 13 are larger than the values of the inner ring 11 and the middle ring 12, it can be judged that the cable is likely to have corrosion damage.
Specifically, the average echo energy and the corresponding standard deviation value of each area, and the average echo maximum amplitude and the corresponding standard deviation value are compared by using the histogram, so that a clear comparison result can be obtained, and the subsequent analysis is facilitated.
Referring to fig. 2, the invention also discloses a system for detecting damage to the anchoring area of the bridge cable, which can execute the rapid detection method, comprising the following steps: the invention does not need to use a couplant, and can not cause extra damage and pollution to a guy rope body, and the invention uses portable equipment to collect and process data information, and respectively carries out statistical analysis on the exposed steel wire 1 head of a guy rope anchoring area according to the inner ring 11, the middle ring 12 and the outer ring 13 to find possible guy rope damage detection results, thereby realizing a portable and convenient operation nondestructive detection mode.
In practical application, the diameter of the point contact ultrasonic probe is not more than 20mm, and the dominant frequency is not more than 200kHz, and referring to fig. 3, the point contact ultrasonic probe 2 includes: a housing, an ultrasonic probe 31, a probe 32, and an elastic member 30, wherein: the shell comprises a top plate 21, a bottom plate 22, a left side plate 23, a right side plate 24, an upper end plate 25, a middle partition plate 26 and a lower end plate 27, a data line connector 28 is arranged on the shell, an ultrasonic probe 31 and an elastic piece 30 are packaged and arranged in the shell, the ultrasonic probe 31 comprises an upper cylinder and a lower cylinder, the upper cylinder of the ultrasonic probe 31 sequentially penetrates through the elastic piece 30 and the middle partition plate 26 to form a hole, the lower cylinder of the ultrasonic probe 31 penetrates through the lower end plate 27 to form a hole, the upper end of the elastic piece 30 is fixed with the contact surface of the middle partition plate 26, the lower end of the elastic piece is fixed with the contact surface of the ultrasonic probe 31, the ultrasonic probe 31 is connected with the data line connector 28 through an internal connecting wire 29, a probe 32 is arranged at the bottom of the ultrasonic probe 31, the probe 32 can realize the gradual detection of small-diameter steel wires 1, the lower end plate 27, the top plate 21, the bottom plate 22, the left side plate 23, the right side plate 24 and a detection plane can form a closed space, and the movable range of the elastic piece 30 can be limited during detection so as to ensure the contact constant force between the probe 32 and the steel wires to be detected, the reliability and the stability and the data acquisition consistency are ensured.
Specifically, the ultrasonic wave receiving and transmitting detection device 3 comprises an ultrasonic wave spontaneous self-receiving module and a waveform acquisition module, the ultrasonic wave spontaneous self-receiving module can realize spontaneous self-receiving of detection signals, the waveform acquisition module has a waveform real-time averaging function, the signal to noise ratio can be improved, and the sensitivity of data can be ensured to avoid missing detection of damaging the steel wire 1.
Specifically, the upper computer 4 is internally provided with matched acquisition software developed based on Matlab, so that signal acquisition, filtering, time domain and frequency domain analysis and depth compensation can be realized, and meanwhile, adjustment of signal display and real-time recording and analysis of acquired data can be realized.
The following is a specific embodiment, and the detection system is used for realizing the rapid detection method of the damage of the bridge inhaul cable anchoring area.
Examples
Step one, when the connecting point contacts the ultrasonic probe 2, the ultrasonic receiving and transmitting detection equipment 3 and the upper computer 4, the detection system detects the inhaul cable steel wire 1 with the diameter of 7.0mm, the density of 7850kg/mm 3, the Young modulus of 200GPa and the Poisson ratio of 0.29, confirms that the depth of corrosion damage possibly existing in an inhaul cable anchoring area can reach 600mm according to field observation, and obtains a free steel wire 1 with the diameter of 7mm and the length of 600mm to adjust the depth range of the position of the ultrasonic receiving and transmitting detection equipment 3 for displaying the vertical direction, receiving amplification gain and scanning in the horizontal direction until the end part capable of clearly displaying at the display end of the equipment reflects echo signals, as shown in fig. 4, a reflection echo waveform with the amplitude of the reflection signal not less than 80% of a full screen is observed to be A f (d), the maximum echo amplitude normalized by the blind area amplitude is displayed at this time, the echo energy is 48.59, the corrosion factor is defined to be 1 by the normalized energy, and the result is broken wire.
Step two, the point contact ultrasonic probe 2 is not contacted with the free steel wire 1, at the moment, the reflected echo disappears, the ultrasonic receiving and transmitting detection equipment 3 still displays the detection blind area waveform of the signal transmitting end, the detection blind area waveform is stored as a probe blind area waveform A k (d) shown in fig. 5, the depth range starting end d s =300 mm and the ending end d e =1000 mm of the effective reflected signal are determined according to the actual anchoring area length and the damage prediction depth of the cable, at the moment, the maximum echo amplitude normalized by the blind area amplitude is displayed to be about 20%, the echo energy is 34.45, the normalized energy is used for defining the corrosion factor to be 0, and the corrosion-free steel wire 1 is obtained.
Step three, opening the end part of the steel wire 1 in the exposed anchoring area of the cable anchor head, selecting a certain number of steel wire 1 heads in three areas of the inner ring 11, the middle ring 12 and the outer ring 13 of the end part of the cable steel wire 1, marking, and numbering according to the outer (O i) of (M i) in the inner (I i) (i=1, 2, … and 10) respectively.
Step four, collecting reflected echo signals which are possibly damaged according to the end numbers of the steel wires 1 from inside to outside, carrying out Hilbert transformation, and displaying that if reflected waves with the amplitude exceeding 40% of full screen range from d s =300 mm to d e =1000 mm immediately carry out real-time wire breakage audible and visual alarm, giving out the positions of the possibly damaged waves and the amplitude of abnormal reflected waves, giving out judgment according to the abnormal echoes found in fig. 6, and meanwhile, keeping waveforms as A Ii（d）,AMi (d) and A Oi (d) according to the corresponding numbers (i=1, 2,3 …); the echo energy eng_a Ii,Eng_AMi and eng_a Oi (i=1, 2,3 …) and the maximum reflection amplitude amp_a Ii,Amp_AMi and amp_a Oi (i=1, 2,3 …) in the corresponding detection ranges are obtained by comparing and post-processing with the no-load signal a k (d), as shown in table 1, table 2:
TABLE 1 reflected echo energy of steel wire
| Numbering device | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Inner ring | 12.13 | 29.22 | 15.73 | 25.88 | 48.28 | 45.94 | 48.66 | 26.50 | 31.20 | 32.63 |
| Middle ring | 42.34 | 50.29 | 26.32 | 43.86 | 21.48 | 17.16 | 30.81 | 19.95 | 31.20 | 34.78 |
| Outer ring | 34.08 | 48.59 | 35.80 | 41.55 | 35.44 | 30.02 | 34.54 | 41.69 | 31.20 | 33.28 |
Table 2, reflected echo amplitude of steel wire
| Numbering device | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Inner ring | 0.20 | 0.29 | 0.19 | 0.21 | 0.27 | 0.32 | 0.39 | 0.30 | 0.43 | 0.50 |
| Middle ring | 0.33 | 0.34 | 0.29 | 0.37 | 0.29 | 0.32 | 0.36 | 0.28 | 0.35 | 0.34 |
| Outer ring | 0.24 | 0.81 | 0.32 | 0.25 | 0.36 | 0.24 | 0.27 | 0.34 | 0.47 | 0.29 |
Step five, after the numbered steel wires 1 are completely collected, statistical analysis processing is carried out, the collection process obtains echo energy Eng_A Ii,Eng_AMi and Eng_A Oi (i=1, 2, … N=10) and maximum reflection amplitude Amp_A Ii,Amp_AMi and Amp_A Oi (i=1, 2,3, … N) in a detection range, statistical analysis is carried out according to three areas from inside to outside, average reflection energy Avg_Eng_A I=31.6, Avg_Eng_AM=30.9, Avg_Eng_AO =38.2 and corresponding standard deviation Std_Eng_A I=12.8, Std_Eng_AM=11.5, Std_Eng_AO =6.15 of each area are obtained, and average maximum reflection amplitude Avg_Amp_A I=0.309, Avg_Amp_AM=0.326, Avg_Amp_AO =0.361 and corresponding standard deviation Std_Amp_A I=0.103, Std_Amp_AM=0.033, Std_Amp_AO =0.172 of each area are obtained. And through the comparison of the bar chart display in fig. 7, an abnormal area can be intuitively found, and in the normal condition, corrosion damage firstly occurs at the periphery of the inhaul cable, for example, the average reflected wave energy and the average highest reflected amplitude of the outer ring 13 are both larger than the values of the inner ring 11 and the middle ring 12, and the steel wire 1 of the outer ring 13 of the inhaul cable is judged to be possibly corroded and damaged.
In summary, the invention has low realization cost and lower manufacturing cost compared with detection equipment of other nondestructive detection methods; the invention has convenient operation, the device is portable and fixed, and single-point excitation can be used for carrying out on-site rapid operation on a single inhaul cable steel wire 1; compared with the traditional ultrasonic detection method, the method does not need a couplant, does not cause extra damage and pollution to the cable body, can detect the broken wire condition of the steel wire 1 in the cable anchoring area, and can locate and evaluate the corrosion degree.
It is apparent that the above examples are given by way of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments. Other variations and modifications of the present invention will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the foregoing description. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. While still being apparent from variations or modifications that may be made by those skilled in the art are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The rapid detection method for the damage of the bridge inhaul cable anchoring area is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
S1, numbering steel wires of an exposed anchoring area of an anchor head of a inhaul cable to be detected in a partition mode;
S2, predicting a depth range in which damage possibly exists in a cable anchoring area, adjusting and determining the depth range of effective reflection echo signals of ultrasonic receiving and transmitting detection equipment, calibrating a starting end and an ending end, and storing no-load waveforms of the ultrasonic receiving and transmitting detection equipment;
S3, sequentially collecting reflected echo signals of the steel wires of different subareas, displaying waveforms of the collected reflected echo signal envelope amplitudes of the subareas along with the depth after Hilbert transformation, judging whether reflected waves exceeding a preset amplitude exist between a starting end and an ending end, judging that the risk of broken wire damage exists if the reflected waves exceeding the preset amplitude exist, and giving out the possible positions of damage and the amplitudes of abnormal reflected waves;
S4, comparing the detected waveform of the envelope amplitude of the reflected echo signal of each subarea along with the depth change with the idle waveform to obtain echo energy and echo maximum amplitude of each subarea in a detection range, calculating average echo energy and corresponding standard deviation value of each subarea, average echo maximum amplitude and corresponding standard deviation value of each subarea, comparing the average echo energy and corresponding standard deviation value of each area, and average echo maximum amplitude and corresponding standard deviation value, and determining abnormal area.
2. The method for rapidly detecting damage to an anchor zone of a bridge cable according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S1, steel wires of an exposed anchoring area of the inhaul cable anchor head are divided into three areas of an inner ring, a middle ring and an outer ring according to the distribution positions of the inner layer and the outer layer, and a certain number of steel wire heads are selected from each area to be marked in sequence.
3. The method for rapidly detecting damage to an anchor zone of a bridge cable according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step S2, the depth range of possible damage of the cable anchoring area is predicted by on-site observation and measurement and according to engineering design drawings.
4. The method for rapidly detecting damage to an anchor zone of a bridge cable according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step S2, a nondestructive free steel wire with the same diameter and similar material to the predicted damage depth is selected to adjust the vertical gain and the horizontal scanning range displayed by the ultrasonic receiving and transmitting detection device until the end reflection echo signal can be clearly displayed at the display end of the ultrasonic receiving and transmitting detection device, the signal amplitude is not less than 80% of the full screen, the reflection echo waveform is stored, the waveform is the depth range of the effective reflection echo signal of the ultrasonic receiving and transmitting detection device, and the starting end and the ending end are calibrated; at this time, the ultrasonic wave receiving and transmitting detection equipment is not in contact with the free steel wire, the reflected echo disappears, and the ultrasonic wave receiving and transmitting detection equipment still displays the waveform of the detection dead zone of the signal transmitting end, and the waveform is the idle waveform of the ultrasonic wave receiving and transmitting detection equipment.
5. The method for rapidly detecting damage to an anchor zone of a bridge cable according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step S3, if it is determined that reflected waves exceeding 40% of the full screen width exist between the start end and the end, it is determined that there is a risk of broken wire damage.
6. The method for rapidly detecting damage to an anchor zone of a bridge cable according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step S4, the average echo energy and the corresponding standard deviation value for each zone, and the average echo maximum amplitude and the corresponding standard deviation value are compared using a histogram.
7. A system for detecting damage to an anchor area of a bridge cable, capable of performing the rapid detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: comprising the following steps: the device comprises a point contact ultrasonic probe, ultrasonic receiving and transmitting detection equipment and an upper computer, wherein the point contact ultrasonic probe, the ultrasonic receiving and transmitting detection equipment and the upper computer are portable equipment.
8. The system for detecting damage to an anchor zone of a bridge cable according to claim 7, wherein: the point contact ultrasonic probe includes:
A housing;
an ultrasonic probe disposed in the housing, an end of the ultrasonic probe protruding from the housing;
The probe is arranged at the end part of the ultrasonic probe, and the probe can be in contact with the steel wire;
And the elastic piece is arranged in the shell and elastically supports the ultrasonic probe.
9. The system for detecting damage to an anchor zone of a bridge cable according to claim 7, wherein: the ultrasonic wave receiving and transmitting detection equipment comprises an ultrasonic wave self-receiving module and a waveform acquisition module.
10. The system for detecting damage to an anchor zone of a bridge cable according to claim 7, wherein: the upper computer can realize signal acquisition, filtering, time domain and frequency domain analysis and depth compensation, and can realize signal display adjustment and real-time recording and analysis of acquired data.
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