CN118168914A - Test method and clamp for testing direct tensile anisotropy strength of rock - Google Patents

Test method and clamp for testing direct tensile anisotropy strength of rock Download PDF

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Publication number
CN118168914A
CN118168914A CN202410598664.6A CN202410598664A CN118168914A CN 118168914 A CN118168914 A CN 118168914A CN 202410598664 A CN202410598664 A CN 202410598664A CN 118168914 A CN118168914 A CN 118168914A
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China
Prior art keywords
test piece
test
rock
joint
spherical
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CN202410598664.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王俊
王钰涵
谢和平
高明忠
李存宝
刘志超
邓洲
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Shenzhen University
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Shenzhen University
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Priority to CN202410598664.6A priority Critical patent/CN118168914A/en
Publication of CN118168914A publication Critical patent/CN118168914A/en
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A10/00TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
    • Y02A10/23Dune restoration or creation; Cliff stabilisation

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  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of tensile tests, and particularly relates to a test method and a clamp for testing the strength of direct tensile anisotropy of rock. Wherein the fixture comprises: the two sample positioning sleeves are detachably connected with clamping sleeves, a test piece is clamped between the clamping sleeves and the sample positioning sleeves, one end of each sample positioning sleeve, which is far away from the test piece, is connected with a spherical screw rod in a spherical hinge manner, one end of each spherical screw rod, which is far away from the sample positioning sleeve, is connected with a joint in a spherical hinge manner, and one end, which is far away from the spherical screw rod, of each joint is connected with a stretcher. Through the arrangement of the structures, the clamp and the test method for testing the direct tensile anisotropic strength of the rock, which are used for testing the direct tensile anisotropic strength of the rock, are realized, wherein the test sample can be tested immediately after being clamped without adopting a bonding method, so that the cost is reduced, the operation steps are simplified, the test efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, the influence of the eccentricity is eliminated through a unique structural design, and the accuracy of a test result is further enhanced.

Description

Test method and clamp for testing direct tensile anisotropy strength of rock
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tensile tests, and particularly relates to a test method and a clamp for testing the strength of direct tensile anisotropy of rock.
Background
In deep energy development, layered rock (sandstone, shale, mudstone, etc.) is the most common type of hydrocarbon reservoir rock. The layered rock has obvious anisotropic characteristics due to the differences in mineral content, organic matter content, number and distribution of rock structural planes, diagenetic history and post-weathering conditions. Related researches show that the mechanical properties of deep lamellar rock change along with the change of the bedding inclination angle, and the obvious bedding surface effect is presented. Therefore, the physical and mechanical properties of the reservoir rock under different bedding inclinations are tested to be of great significance.
The tensile strength of rock is one of the physical properties of rock, and has important significance for researching the damage form and damage criterion of rock. With the continuous progress of society, two methods of direct tensile test and indirect tensile test are mainly adopted for the determination of the tensile strength of rock. The indirect tensile test is mainly carried out by adopting a Brazilian split method, which is a tensile strength test realized by applying concentrated pressure to the diameter direction of a cylindrical sample. The operation is simple and easy, but in the splitting method test, the rock can show a certain size effect, and the friction force is generated between the rock test piece and the test machine, so that the rock test piece is greatly different from the direct tensile stress state of unidirectional stretching. The tensile strength as measured by this method is generally greater than the actual strength.
In order to solve the problem of result errors caused by the indirect tensile method, the tensile strength of the rock is measured by adopting a direct tensile test. The traditional direct tensile test sample is a complete standard cylinder test sample after sleeve treatment, and the test sample is simple to manufacture, but has certain uncertainty in test. Research results show that in the direct stretching process, the sample is extremely easy to generate irregular and complex damage and even damage along the end face, and the damage mode is complex and inaccurate, thereby affecting the accuracy of the direct stretching strength test. Therefore, the patent proposes a new lamellar rock direct tensile specimen configuration, namely, a cutting groove is preformed in the middle of a specimen with different lamellar inclination angles, so that the specimen is ensured to stretch and break along the middle part under the action of axial tension.
The conventional direct tensile strength testing technology generally adopts a bonding method, namely, a processed test piece is bonded with a tensile fixture by AB glue, and then is installed in a testing machine system for installation testing. However, the glue on the clamping head is easy to be uneven, so that the sample deviates in the stretching process, and eccentric tension is generated in the stretching process of the sample. And the sample is adhered to the clamping head through the adhesive, and after the adhesion, the adhesive needs a certain time to solidify, so that the test cannot be immediately performed, and the test efficiency is affected. In addition, in order to keep the accuracy of test results stable, most mechanical tests use a large number of samples, which also leads to the need of high-temperature baking of the colloid on the surface of the sample after the test is finished, and the time and the labor are wasted, and the working efficiency is low. Although the bonding centering device has been manufactured in the current test, the problem that the axes of the pull head (or the sleeve cap) and the rock sample are not guaranteed to be on the same straight line when the rock sample and the pull head are bonded can be solved by adopting the bonding centering device, the centering device is processed by adopting a precise machine tool, has a complex structure, is time-consuming to operate, and cannot be processed when the diameters of the rock samples are different at different heights or in different directions.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a test method and a clamp for testing the direct tensile anisotropy strength of rock so as to solve the problems.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
A fixture for rock direct tensile anisotropy strength testing, comprising: the two sample positioning sleeves are detachably connected with clamping sleeves, the test piece is clamped between the clamping sleeves and the sample positioning sleeves, one end of the sample positioning sleeve, which is far away from the test piece, is connected with a spherical screw in a spherical hinge manner, one end of the spherical screw, which is far away from the sample positioning sleeve, is connected with a joint in a spherical hinge manner, and one end of the joint, which is far away from the spherical screw, is connected with a stretcher.
Preferably, the sample positioning sleeve comprises a positioning sleeve body, a positioning ball groove is formed in one side, far away from the test piece, of the positioning sleeve body, the spherical screw is in spherical hinge connection with the corresponding positioning ball groove, a slot is formed in one side, close to the test piece, of the positioning sleeve body, and a plurality of positioning screw holes are formed in the positioning sleeve body;
The clamping sleeve comprises a clamping sleeve body, the clamping sleeve body is matched with the slot, a plurality of butt joint screw holes are formed in the clamping sleeve body, the test piece is clamped between the positioning sleeve body and the clamping sleeve body, the positioning screw holes are in one-to-one correspondence with the butt joint screw holes, and the positioning screw holes and the butt joint screw holes are detachably connected through fixing bolts.
Preferably, the spherical screw comprises a rod body, one end of the rod body is in threaded connection with a first rod end hemisphere, the first rod end hemisphere is in spherical hinge connection with the joint, the other end of the rod body is in threaded connection with a second rod end hemisphere, and the second rod end hemisphere is in spherical hinge connection with the corresponding positioning ball groove.
Preferably, the connector comprises a connector rod, the connector rod is connected with the stretcher, one end of the connector rod, which is far away from the stretcher, is fixedly connected with a connector sleeve, a connector ball groove is formed in the inner side of the connector sleeve, and the hemisphere at the first rod end is in ball hinged connection with the connector ball groove.
The test method for the direct tensile anisotropic strength test of the rock is based on the clamp for the direct tensile anisotropic strength test of the rock and comprises the following steps:
Preparing a test piece;
processing the test piece;
assembling two joints, a spherical screw rod and a sample positioning sleeve;
the two ends of the test piece are respectively connected with a sample positioning sleeve and clamped by a clamping sleeve;
the test was performed to obtain anisotropic data.
Preferably, in the process of preparing the test piece, preparing the test piece of the cylinder with a certain joint inclination according to test requirements, wherein the joint inclination is an included angle between a surface perpendicular to the axis of the test piece and the joint surface.
Preferably, in the process of processing the test piece, a slot is formed in the middle of the test piece along the circumferential direction.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and technical effects:
the invention is different from the traditional clamping of the bottom surface of the test piece in the aspect of clamping the test piece, and is divided into a sample positioning and clamping block for clamping the side surface of the test piece, so that the test device is flexible and detachable, and is simple and easy to operate. Through setting up sample positioning sleeve, tight cover of clamp, can realize the good centre gripping to the test piece through the cooperation of both, can provide stable fixed effect to test piece both ends, need not to bond, to a great extent reduced test personnel's work content, along with the use with the ampere, avoided the loaded down with trivial details operation of bonding test piece and the factor that extremely easily leads to test failure such as bonding fracture, tip skin fall, improved direct tensile test's simplicity and success rate greatly.
According to the invention, the rotatable spherical screw is arranged, so that when the tensile force is applied to the device by the testing machine, the spherical screw is directly subjected to tensile load, and the test piece is directly stretched. Because the two ends of the processed test piece cannot be completely guaranteed to be perpendicular to the axis, the spherical screw is arranged into a special shape, and when the tensile load deviates from the axis in a test, the spherical screw can automatically rotate under the action of the load, so that the load direction is consistent with the axial direction of the test piece, the influence caused by the eccentricity is offset, and the accuracy of a test result is guaranteed.
According to the invention, the anisotropic rock with joints with different dip angles is selected in the aspect of a selected test piece, the tensile strength of the anisotropic rock is measured through a direct tensile test, and a groove is cut in the middle of the test piece, so that the test piece is damaged in the middle, the test process is more stable, the fracture position can be determined, and the result obtained by the test is more accurate.
Through the arrangement of the structures, the clamp and the test method for testing the direct tensile anisotropic strength of the rock, which are used for testing the direct tensile anisotropic strength of the rock, are realized, wherein the test sample can be tested immediately after being clamped without adopting a bonding method, so that the cost is reduced, the operation steps are simplified, the test efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, the influence of the eccentricity is eliminated through a unique structural design, and the accuracy of a test result is further enhanced.
Drawings
For a clearer description of an embodiment of the invention or of the solutions of the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiment will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a joint;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of a ball screw;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the sample positioning sleeve;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the clamping sleeve;
FIG. 6 is a view showing the joint condition of the test piece according to the present invention;
Wherein, 1, a joint; 2. a ball screw; 3. a sample positioning sleeve; 4. a test piece; 5. a clamping sleeve; 1.1, a joint rod; 1.2, a joint sleeve; 2.1, a first rod end hemisphere; 2.2, a shaft; 2.3, a second rod end hemisphere; 3.1, positioning the sleeve body; 3.2, slotting; 3.3, positioning screw holes; 5.1, clamping the sleeve body; and 5.2, butting screw holes.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the present invention provides a jig for rock direct tensile anisotropy strength testing, comprising: two sample positioning sleeves 3, the last detachable clamp sleeve 5 that is connected with of sample positioning sleeve 3, clamping connection has test piece 4 between clamp sleeve 5, the sample positioning sleeve 3, and the one end ball pivot that sample positioning sleeve 3 kept away from test piece 4 is connected with spherical screw 2, and the one end ball pivot that sample positioning sleeve 3 was kept away from to spherical screw 2 is connected with joint 1, and joint 1 keeps away from the one end and the stretcher of spherical screw 2 are connected.
In a conventional rock direct tensile test device, a sample is generally placed between upper and lower end caps, the upper and lower ends of the sample are bonded with the two end caps through a bonding agent, the device directly stretches the sample through a stretching chain, and due to a certain gap between a base plate and a sample fixing groove of a lower end cap, a rigid sleeve cannot effectively support the weight of the sample and the weight of the lower end cap in the whole test process. In addition, if the adhesive force of the adhesive is not strong in the direct stretching process of the sample, the sample is easily dislocated, eccentricity is generated, and the inaccuracy of the test result is caused.
According to the invention, the sample positioning sleeve 3 and the clamping sleeve 5 are arranged, and the sample positioning sleeve and the clamping sleeve are matched to realize good clamping of the test piece 4, so that a stable fixing effect can be provided for the two ends of the test piece 4 without bonding, the working content of test personnel is greatly reduced, the factors of complicated operation of bonding the test piece, bonding fracture, end skin falling and the like which are extremely easy to cause test failure are avoided along with the use and the follow-up, and the simplicity and the success rate of a direct tensile test are greatly improved. According to the invention, by arranging the rotatable spherical screw 2, when a tensile force is applied to the device by the testing machine, the spherical screw 2 is directly subjected to tensile load, and the test piece 4 is directly stretched. Because the two ends of the processed test piece 4 cannot be completely guaranteed to be perpendicular to the axis, the spherical screw 2 is arranged into a special shape, and when the tensile load deviates from the axis in a test, the spherical screw 2 can automatically rotate under the action of the load, so that the load direction is consistent with the axial direction of the test piece, the influence caused by the eccentricity is offset, and the accuracy of a test result is guaranteed.
According to a further optimization scheme, the sample positioning sleeve 3 comprises a positioning sleeve body 3.1, a positioning ball groove is formed in one side, far away from the test piece 4, of the positioning sleeve body 3.1, the spherical screw 2 is in spherical hinge connection with the corresponding positioning ball groove, a groove 3.2 is formed in one side, close to the test piece 4, of the positioning sleeve body 3.1, and a plurality of positioning screw holes 3.3 are formed in the positioning sleeve body 3.1;
The clamping sleeve 5 comprises a clamping sleeve body 5.1, the clamping sleeve body 5.1 is matched with the slotted 3.2, a plurality of butt joint screw holes 5.2 are formed in the clamping sleeve body 5.1, the test piece 4 is clamped between the positioning sleeve body 3.1 and the clamping sleeve body 5.1, the plurality of positioning screw holes 3.3 are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of butt joint screw holes 5.2, and the positioning screw holes 3.3 and the butt joint screw holes 5.2 are detachably connected through fixing bolts.
When the clamp is installed, the positioning sleeve body 3.1 is sleeved on one side of the end part of the test piece 4, the clamping sleeve body 5.1 is sleeved on the other side of the end part of the test piece 4, and the end part of the test piece 4 can be clamped stably after the clamping sleeve body is screwed by the fixing bolt.
Further optimizing scheme, spherical screw 2 includes pole body 2.2, and the one end threaded connection of pole body 2.2 has first rod end hemisphere 2.1, and first rod end hemisphere 2.1 is connected with joint 1 spherical hinge, and the other end threaded connection of pole body 2.2 has second rod end hemisphere 2.3, and second rod end hemisphere 2.3 is connected with the locating ball groove spherical hinge that corresponds.
The first rod end hemisphere 2.1 and the second rod end hemisphere 2.3 can both achieve the effect of rotation along with the tensile force, so that the tensile force direction and the axis of the test piece 4 are collinear in a tensile experiment.
Further optimizing scheme, the joint 1 includes joint pole 1.1, and joint pole 1.1 is connected with the stretcher, and one end fixedly connected with joint cover 1.2 that the stretcher was kept away from to joint pole 1.1, and joint ball groove has been seted up to joint cover 1.2 inboard, and first rod end hemisphere 2.1 is connected with joint ball groove ball pivot.
The joint ball groove and the positioning ball groove are provided with enough space to enable the first rod end hemisphere 2.1 and the second rod end hemisphere 2.3 to rotate.
A test method for rock direct tensile anisotropy strength testing, based on a jig for rock direct tensile anisotropy strength testing, comprising:
Preparing a test piece 4;
Treating the test piece 4;
assembling two joints 1, a spherical screw 2 and a sample positioning sleeve 3;
The two ends of the test piece 4 are respectively connected with a sample positioning sleeve 3 and clamped by a clamping sleeve 5;
the test was performed to obtain anisotropic data.
In a further optimization scheme, in the process of preparing the test piece 4, preparing the test piece 4 of the cylinder with a certain joint inclination according to test requirements, wherein the joint inclination is an included angle between a surface perpendicular to the axis of the test piece 4 and a joint surface. As shown in fig. 6, a test piece 4, a broken line direction is a joint plane, and θ is a joint inclination angle. Of these, the test piece 4 is preferably a cylinder of 20cm in height and 10cm in diameter.
Further optimizing scheme, in the in-process of handling test piece 4, offer the fluting in order to guarantee that section position is required for the test along circumference direction at test piece 4 middle part. According to experience and related test results in the field, the conventional anisotropic rock has a complex damage mode after a direct tensile test, and the broken section is uneven.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal," "transverse," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The above embodiments are only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the design spirit of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A anchor clamps for direct tensile anisotropy intensity test of rock, characterized by, include: two sample positioning sleeve (3), be connected with on sample positioning sleeve (3) and press from both sides tight cover (5), test piece (4) joint is in between tight cover (5), sample positioning sleeve (3) are kept away from the one end ball pivot of test piece (4) is connected with spherical screw (2), spherical screw (2) are kept away from the one end ball pivot of sample positioning sleeve (3) is connected with joint (1), joint (1) are kept away from the one end and the stretcher of spherical screw (2) are connected.
2. The fixture for rock direct tensile anisotropic strength testing of claim 1, wherein: the sample positioning sleeve (3) comprises a positioning sleeve body (3.1), a positioning ball groove is formed in one side, far away from the test piece (4), of the positioning sleeve body (3.1), the spherical screw (2) is in spherical hinge connection with the corresponding positioning ball groove, a groove (3.2) is formed in one side, close to the test piece (4), of the positioning sleeve body (3.1), and a plurality of positioning screw holes (3.3) are formed in the positioning sleeve body (3.1);
The clamping sleeve (5) comprises a clamping sleeve body (5.1), the clamping sleeve body (5.1) is matched with the slotting (3.2), a plurality of butt joint screw holes (5.2) are formed in the clamping sleeve body (5.1), the test piece (4) is clamped between the positioning sleeve body (3.1) and the clamping sleeve body (5.1), the positioning screw holes (3.3) are in one-to-one correspondence with the butt joint screw holes (5.2), and the positioning screw holes (3.3) and the butt joint screw holes (5.2) are detachably connected through fixing bolts.
3. The fixture for rock direct tensile anisotropic strength testing according to claim 2, wherein: the spherical screw (2) comprises a rod body (2.2), one end of the rod body (2.2) is in threaded connection with a first rod end hemisphere (2.1), the first rod end hemisphere (2.1) is in spherical hinge connection with the joint (1), the other end of the rod body (2.2) is in threaded connection with a second rod end hemisphere (2.3), and the second rod end hemisphere (2.3) is in spherical hinge connection with a corresponding positioning spherical groove.
4. A fixture for rock direct tensile anisotropic strength testing according to claim 3, characterized in that: the connector (1) comprises a connector rod (1.1), the connector rod (1.1) is connected with the stretcher, one end of the connector rod (1.1) away from the stretcher is fixedly connected with a connector sleeve (1.2), a connector ball groove is formed in the inner side of the connector sleeve (1.2), and a first rod end hemisphere (2.1) is connected with the connector ball groove in a ball hinged mode.
5. A test method for direct tensile anisotropic strength testing of rock, based on a jig for direct tensile anisotropic strength testing of rock according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized by comprising:
preparing a test piece (4);
-treating the test piece (4);
assembling two joints (1), a spherical screw (2) and a sample positioning sleeve (3);
Two ends of the test piece (4) are respectively connected with a sample positioning sleeve (3) and clamped by a clamping sleeve (5);
the test was performed to obtain anisotropic data.
6. The test method for rock direct tensile anisotropic strength testing according to claim 5, wherein: in the process of preparing the test piece (4), preparing the test piece (4) with a cylinder with a certain joint inclination according to test requirements, wherein the joint inclination is an included angle between a surface perpendicular to the axis of the test piece (4) and a joint surface.
7. The test method for rock direct tensile anisotropic strength testing according to claim 5, wherein: in the process of processing the test piece (4), a groove is formed in the middle of the test piece (4) along the circumferential direction.
CN202410598664.6A 2024-05-15 2024-05-15 Test method and clamp for testing direct tensile anisotropy strength of rock Pending CN118168914A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202410598664.6A CN118168914A (en) 2024-05-15 2024-05-15 Test method and clamp for testing direct tensile anisotropy strength of rock

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202410598664.6A CN118168914A (en) 2024-05-15 2024-05-15 Test method and clamp for testing direct tensile anisotropy strength of rock

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN118168914A true CN118168914A (en) 2024-06-11

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Country Link
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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103674707A (en) * 2013-12-18 2014-03-26 北京科技大学 System and method for measuring direct tensile strength and deformation of rock
CN107727503A (en) * 2017-11-15 2018-02-23 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 Adhesion-free test device and method for direct rock tensile test
CN112649290A (en) * 2021-01-13 2021-04-13 南京工业大学 Multifunctional drawing clamp device
CN220751822U (en) * 2023-09-06 2024-04-09 深圳大学 Shear test fixture and device

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103674707A (en) * 2013-12-18 2014-03-26 北京科技大学 System and method for measuring direct tensile strength and deformation of rock
CN107727503A (en) * 2017-11-15 2018-02-23 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 Adhesion-free test device and method for direct rock tensile test
CN112649290A (en) * 2021-01-13 2021-04-13 南京工业大学 Multifunctional drawing clamp device
CN220751822U (en) * 2023-09-06 2024-04-09 深圳大学 Shear test fixture and device

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