CN118165997A - 一种表达盒及其应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种表达盒及其应用,属于植物基因工程领域。本发明提供的表达盒能够快速、高效、低成本地去除外源转基因元件。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种表达盒及其应用,属于植物基因工程领域。
背景技术
基因编辑是一种对物种基因组特定位点进行人工修饰,以改变物种性状的方法。在植物育种领域,基因编辑已经成为一种重要的性状改良手段。通常情况下,本领域技术人员会将含有核酸酶分子和靶向序列的核酸片段(例如环状的编辑载体,或线性的DNA片段,下文统称外源编辑元件)递送到植物细胞内,核酸酶和靶向分子在植物的表达体系下生产出来后开始行使基因编辑功能,对基因组的特定位点进行编辑。当靶位点成功编辑后,本领域技术人员会将递送到植物体内的外源编辑元件进行删除,以避免其产生非必要的作用(例如脱靶编辑)。此外,外源编辑元件的删除也是快速获得监管部门商业化许可的先决条件(Schmidt S M.,Belisle M.,Frommer W B.The evolving landscape around genomeediting in agriculture:Many countries have exempted or move to exempt formsof genome editing from GMO regulation of crop plants[J].EMBO Reports,2020,21(6):e50680.)。
目前,从基因编辑体系中删除外源编辑元件的方式主要有以下几种:1)通过遗传分离等传统方法鉴定转基因,这种方法需要对植物进行多代种植或杂交,植物的生命周期在几个月到几年不等,因此获得靶位点成功编辑且不含外源编辑元件的种质十分耗时,且增加了育种成本。2)在外源片段中引入除草剂敏感的基因,使用特定除草剂杀死含有外源片段的植物(Lu HP,Liu SM,Xu SL,et al.CRISPR-S:an active interference elementfor a rapid and inexpensive selection of genome-edited,transgene-free riceplants.Plant Biotechnol J,2017,15(11):1371-1373)。但这种方法需要对后代进行种植和筛选,增加了劳动力的投入。3)使用Cre/loxP等重组酶系统进行删除,但是编辑载体构建的复杂度会很高。
另外,除了在基因编辑领域,还有一些育种领域是需要去除外源转基因元件的,例如SPT(Seed Production Technology)育种,即使用含转基因元件的亲本,生产不含转基因元件(非转基因)的杂交种。
因此,需要一种能够快速、低成本获得不含外源转基因元件种质的技术或方法。
为解决上述问题,本发明提供一种表达盒,能够快速、高效、低成本地删除外源转基因元件。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种表达盒,以及使用该表达盒能够高效删除外源转基因元件。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:
本发明提供一种表达盒,其特征在于,包括如下两个重组DNA分子:
1)REG2启动子,可操作地连接编码BARNASE和Barstar蛋白的核酸分子,可操作地连接AtAdh终止子;
2)CaMV 35S启动子,可操作地连接编码CMS2蛋白的核酸分子,可操作地连接NOS终止子;或ZmPG47启动子,可操作地连接编码ZmAA1蛋白的核酸分子,可操作地连接NOS终止子。
本发明还提供一种表达盒,其特征在于,包括如下两个重组DNA分子:
1)LTP2启动子,可操作地连接编码BARNASE和Barstar蛋白的核酸分子,可操作地连接AtAdh终止子;
2)ZmPG47启动子,可操作地连接编码ZmAA1蛋白的核酸分子,可操作地连接NOS终止子。
在一些实施方案中,上述REG2启动子序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示,上述BARNASE蛋白序列如SEQ ID NO.3所示,上述Barstar蛋白序列如SEQ ID NO.4所示,上述AtAdh终止子序列如SEQ ID NO.5所示,上述CaMV 35S启动子序列如SEQ ID NO.6所示,上述CMS2蛋白序列如SEQ ID NO.8所示,上述NOS终止子序列如SEQ ID NO.9所示,上述ZmPG47启动子序列如SEQ ID NO.10所示,上述ZmAA1蛋白序列如SEQ ID NO.12所示,上述LTP2启动子序列如SEQID NO.13所示。
在一些实施方案中,上述编码BARNASE和Barstar蛋白的核酸分子序列如SEQ IDNO.2所示;上述编码CMS2蛋白的核酸分子序列如SEQ ID NO.7所示;上述编码ZmAA1蛋白的核酸分子序列如SEQ ID NO.11所示。
本发明还提供一种表达载体,其特征在于,所述表达载体含有上述的表达盒。
本发明还提供一种宿主细胞,其特征在于,所述宿主细胞含有上述的表达盒,或上述的表达载体。
在一些实施方案中,上述宿主细胞为微生物宿主细胞或不可再生的植物宿主细胞。
本发明还提供一种生产非转基因植物的方法,其特征在于,将上述的表达盒,或表达载体,或宿主细胞转化植物,获得转基因植株,再从转基因植物后代中挑选非转基因植株。
本发明还提供上述的表达盒,或表达载体,或宿主细胞,或方法在植物基因编辑中的应用。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果如下所述:
本发明通过比较多种基因元件的技术效果,获得一种表达盒,使用该表达盒能够高效删除外源转基因元件。
附图说明
图1本发明构建的表达盒示意图。
CaMV 35S:花椰菜花叶病毒CaMV 35S启动子;CMS2:水稻细胞质不育基因;NOS:根癌农杆菌的胭脂氨酸合酶基因的终止子;REG2:水稻早期胚胎发育基因启动子;BARNASE:包括编码枯草芽孢杆菌核糖核酸酶系统中BARNASE和Barstar两个蛋白的核酸分子;rbcs-E9:豌豆rbcS-E9基因终止子;NFYB:水稻胚乳特异性启动子;LTP2:大麦种子糊粉层特异性启动子;tAtAdh:拟南芥乙醇脱氢酶基因终止子;ZmPG47:玉米花粉发育后期特异性启动子;ZmAA1:玉米花粉致死基因;gRNAscaffold:基因编辑所需的gRNA的转录单元;UBQ:玉米泛素启动子;Cas9&gRNA expression box:基因编辑所需的核酸酶和指导RNA元件表达盒。
具体实施方式
提供以下定义和方法用以更好地界定本申请以及在本申请实践中指导本领域普通技术人员。除非另作说明,术语按照相关领域普通技术人员的常规用法理解。本文所引用的所有专利文献、学术论文、行业标准及其他公开出版物等,其中的全部内容整体并入本文作为参考。
以下实施例用于说明本发明,但不用来限制本发明的范围。在不背离本发明精神和实质的情况下,对本发明方法、步骤或条件所作的修改或替换,均属于本申请的范围。若无特别指明,实施例按照常规实验条件,如Sambrook等人的分子克隆实验手册(SambrookJ&Russell D W,Molecular cloning:a laboratory manual,2001),或按照制造厂商说明书建议的条件。若未特别指明,实施例中所用的化学试剂均为常规市售试剂,实施例中所用的技术手段为本领域技术人员所熟知的常规手段。
为了使本发明的技术方案便于理解,下面结合具体实施例,进一步阐述本发明。
实施例1使用TKC体系清除外源编辑元件
Transgene Killer CRISPR技术(简称TKC)提供了一种在基因编辑植物中有效删除外源编辑元件的方法。该方法主要应用花粉和胚特异性自杀元件35S-CMS2和REG2-BARNASE(其中BARNASE核酸分子会翻译生成BARNASE和Barstar两个蛋白)开发了一种自动清除编辑载体的系统(详见:Liu JL,Chen MM,Chen WQ,et al.A CASE toolkit for easyand efficient multiplex transgene-free gene editing.Plant Physiol.2022,188(4):1843-1847)。然而该系统删除外源编辑元件的效率依然有限。虽然个别株系可以达到较高的90%以上的删除效率,但是综合计算,删除效率也就是刚过80%。
该结果表明,TKC虽然可以将绝大多数T1植株的外源编辑元件删除,但是依然有很大比例的材料中是含有外源编辑元件的。因此还需要进一步地优化TKC体系,提升其删除效率和稳定性。
实施例2TKC体系的优化
发明人进一步通过更换不同的花粉和胚/胚乳特异性自杀元件,以及更改其排列顺序来创制新的TKC体系,通过比较这些新的TKC体系对外源编辑元件的删除效果,挑选更优的TKC技术方案。CMS2(Cytoplasmic Male Sterility2)是一种具有胞质雄性不育功能的蛋白,可以通过阻碍花粉发育过程中线粒体的功能而导致花粉败育。REG2-BARNASE元件是使用水稻胚特异表达启动子REG2(Rice Embryo Globulin 2)驱动核糖核酸酶BARNASE,通过降解细胞中的RNA来杀死细胞。在此基础上,发明人挑选了另一个具有花粉致死效果的基因ZmAA1,以及具有花粉特异表达的启动子ZmPG47,并使用拟南芥乙醇脱氢酶基因AtAdh的终止子终止REG2-BARNASE元件的表达。同时选择水稻胚乳特异性启动子NFYB和大麦种子糊粉层特异性启动子LTP2,以检测其驱动BARNASE的效果。且发明人更改了载体上各基因元件的排列顺序,最终构建出6个全新的TKC体系,分别命名为TKC2.1~TKC2.6,各载体的表达盒构件示意图见附图1。
使用TKC2.1~TKC2.6和未改造前的TKC载体,以及未加入TKC2元件的原始基因编辑载体,以水稻中的SE5基因(LOC_Os06g40080)和YSA基因(LOC_Os03g40020)作为靶标,分别设计靶序列(SE5基因的靶序列为AGACGAGCTTGCTGTCGACG,YSA基因的靶序列为GAGTAGGGCCGCTTCGGCCG),构建编辑载体(Cas9和gRNA骨架的编码序列如SEQ ID NO.15和SEQ ID NO.16所示),然后分别转化水稻品种“中花11”(ZH11)。编辑载体构建和水稻转化采用本领域常规的实验操作。每个构建体随机选取靶基因被编辑的T0代阳性植株收获种子后发芽获取T1代植株,对T1代植株进行阳性检测和基因型检测。使用TG-F(agcttgagatcctcaaccatgaat)和TG-R(ttcacacaggaaacagctatgac)引物对检测转基因植株中的外源编辑元件。并使用ActinM-F(ctcaaccccaaggctaacag)和ActinM-R(acctcagggcatcggaac)作为体内对照引物对,通过PCR扩增确定基因组DNA的质量。使用SE5-GT1(ggaggagatgagggcggtggccatgcggct)和SE5-GT2(tttccgatcactcacaccaggggacggcggcgcgatcg)引物对,YSA-GT1(gtcctgcggccacttcctccctc)和YSA-GT2(gctgctgcccctcgtagctgtcc)引物对分别检测转基因植株中的靶基因编辑情况。结果见表1。
表1不同的表达盒清除外源编辑元件的效果
结果显示,TKC2.1、TKC2.2和TKC2.3这三个表达盒对外源编辑元件的清除效果最好,均显著高于已公开的TKC表达盒(82.36%),且不影响基因编辑元件对靶基因的定向编辑。其中TKC2.1几乎可以做到对含有外源编辑元件植株的全面清除(98.78%)。因此,TKC2.1、TKC2.2和TKC2.3可以作为一种新的表达盒,用于在基因编辑植物中快速、高效去除外源编辑元件。
发明人还进一步以每个株系为单位调查了TKC2.1、TKC2.2、TKC2.3表达盒和未改造前的TKC载体清除效果(即无外源编辑元件比例)的稳定性,结果见表2。
未改造前的TKC载体虽然有部分株系的清除效果(即无外源编辑元件比例)能够超过90%,但是1/4株系的清除效果在90%以下,甚至个别(9.09%)株系的清除效果低于65%;TKC2.1和TKC2.2两个表达盒所获得的株系,大部分清除效果均超过90%,只有极个别(<10%)株系的清除效果在80%~90%之间;TKC2.3表达盒所获得的株系,大部分(80%)株系的清除效果在80%以上,少部分(20%)株系的清除效果在65%~80%之间。
表2不同表达盒清除外源编辑元件的稳定性
结果显示,TKC2.1、TKC2.2和TKC2.3这三个表达盒对外源编辑元件的清除效果的稳定性,均优于已公开的TKC表达盒。因此,TKC2.1、TKC2.2和TKC2.3可以作为一种新的表达盒,用于在基因编辑植物中快速、高效去除外源编辑元件。
另外,由于无外源编辑元件比例和靶基因编辑且无外源编辑元件的比例是差不多的,也就是说编辑元件不会影响TKC表达盒清除外源元件的效果,因此上述表达盒也可以用来清除非基因编辑领域的其他转基因元件。
虽然,上文中已经用一般性说明及具体实施方案对本发明作了详尽的描述,但在本发明基础上,可以对之作一些修改或改进,这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。因此,在不偏离本发明精神的基础上所做的这些修改或改进,均属于本发明要求保护的范围。
Claims (9)
1.表达盒,其特征在于,包括如下两个重组DNA分子:
1)REG2启动子,可操作地连接编码BARNASE和Barstar蛋白的核酸分子,可操作地连接AtAdh终止子;
2)CaMV 35S启动子,可操作地连接编码CMS2蛋白的核酸分子,可操作地连接NOS终止子;或ZmPG47启动子,可操作地连接编码ZmAA1蛋白的核酸分子,可操作地连接NOS终止子。
2.权利要求1所述的表达盒,其特征在于,还包括如下两个重组DNA分子:
1)LTP2启动子,可操作地连接编码BARNASE和Barstar蛋白的核酸分子,可操作地连接AtAdh终止子;
2)ZmPG47启动子,可操作地连接编码ZmAA1蛋白的核酸分子,可操作地连接NOS终止子。
3.根据权利要求1-2任一项所述的表达盒,其特征在于,所述REG2启动子序列如SEQ IDNO.1所示,所述BARNASE蛋白序列如SEQ ID NO.3所示,所述Barstar蛋白序列如SEQ IDNO.4所示,所述AtAdh终止子序列如SEQ ID NO.5所示,所述CaMV 35S启动子序列如SEQ IDNO.6所示,所述CMS2蛋白序列如SEQ ID NO.8所示,所述NOS终止子序列如SEQ ID NO.9所示,所述ZmPG47启动子序列如SEQ ID NO.10所示,所述ZmAA1蛋白序列如SEQ ID NO.12所示,所述LTP2启动子序列如SEQ ID NO.13所示。
4.根据权利要求3所述的表达盒,其特征在于,所述编码BARNASE和Barstar蛋白的核酸分子序列如SEQ ID NO.2所示;所述编码CMS2蛋白的核酸分子序列如SEQ ID NO.7所示;所述编码ZmAA1蛋白的核酸分子序列如SEQ ID NO.11所示。
5.表达载体,其特征在于,所述表达载体含有权利要求1-4任一项所述的表达盒。
6.宿主细胞,其特征在于,所述宿主细胞含有权利要求1-4任一项所述的表达盒,或权利要求5所述的表达载体。
7.根据权利要求6所述的宿主细胞,其特征在于,所述宿主细胞为微生物宿主细胞或不可再生的植物宿主细胞。
8.生产非转基因植物的方法,其特征在于,将权利要求1-4任一项所述的表达盒,或权利要求5所述的表达载体,或权利要求6-7任一项所述的宿主细胞转化植物,获得转基因植株,再从转基因植物后代中挑选非转基因植株。
9.权利要求1-4任一项所述的表达盒,或权利要求5所述的表达载体,或权利要求6-7任一项所述的宿主细胞,或权利要求8所述的方法在植物基因编辑中的应用。
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