CN118165767A - Off-grid system and method for preparing green methanol from biomass based on gasifier - Google Patents

Off-grid system and method for preparing green methanol from biomass based on gasifier Download PDF

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Publication number
CN118165767A
CN118165767A CN202410327915.7A CN202410327915A CN118165767A CN 118165767 A CN118165767 A CN 118165767A CN 202410327915 A CN202410327915 A CN 202410327915A CN 118165767 A CN118165767 A CN 118165767A
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methanol
biomass
hydrogen
outlet
power generation
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CN118165767B (en
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李军
董雪
邹晓鹏
杨华
李要建
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Jiangsu Tianying Environmental Protection Energy Equipment Co Ltd
China Tianying Inc
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Jiangsu Tianying Environmental Protection Energy Equipment Co Ltd
China Tianying Inc
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C07C29/15—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively
    • C07C29/151—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
    • C07C29/152—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases characterised by the reactor used
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • B01D3/14—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column
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    • C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C07C29/15—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively
    • C07C29/151—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
    • C07C29/1516—Multisteps
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    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
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    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/002—Removal of contaminants
    • C10K1/003—Removal of contaminants of acid contaminants, e.g. acid gas removal
    • C10K1/004—Sulfur containing contaminants, e.g. hydrogen sulfide
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    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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    • C10K1/02—Dust removal
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    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/08—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors
    • C10K1/10—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors with aqueous liquids
    • C10K1/101—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors with aqueous liquids with water only
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    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/20—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by treating with solids; Regenerating spent purifying masses
    • C10K1/22—Apparatus, e.g. dry box purifiers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C25B1/01—Products
    • C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
    • C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
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    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
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    • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
    • C25B15/02—Process control or regulation
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    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
    • C25B9/65—Means for supplying current; Electrode connections; Electric inter-cell connections
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0903—Feed preparation
    • C10J2300/0906—Physical processes, e.g. shredding, comminuting, chopping, sorting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0903—Feed preparation
    • C10J2300/0909—Drying
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0916—Biomass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0959—Oxygen
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    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0973—Water
    • C10J2300/0976—Water as steam
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
    • C10J2300/1603—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with gas treatment
    • C10J2300/1615—Stripping
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    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
    • C10J2300/164—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with conversion of synthesis gas
    • C10J2300/1643—Conversion of synthesis gas to energy
    • C10J2300/165—Conversion of synthesis gas to energy integrated with a gas turbine or gas motor
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    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
    • C10J2300/164—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with conversion of synthesis gas
    • C10J2300/1656—Conversion of synthesis gas to chemicals
    • C10J2300/1665—Conversion of synthesis gas to chemicals to alcohols, e.g. methanol or ethanol
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    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
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Abstract

The invention discloses an off-grid system and method for preparing green methanol from biomass based on a gasification furnace. According to the invention, the gasification furnace is adopted to directly gasify biomass, carbon in the biomass is converted into CO and CO2, and then hydrogen is directly added to enter the methanol synthesis tower for reaction, so that the utilization rate of biomass carbon is high, the consumption of biomass carbon source is small, and the pure green methanol product is prepared through complete off-grid production.

Description

Off-grid system and method for preparing green methanol from biomass based on gasifier
Technical Field
The invention relates to a system and a method for preparing green methanol by biomass, in particular to an off-grid system and a method for preparing green methanol by biomass based on a gasification furnace, and belongs to the technical field of green methanol preparation.
Background
Methanol is used as an important chemical raw material and clean fuel and is widely applied to the fields of organic synthesis, medicine, dye, national defense and the like. However, the conventional methanol production process mainly depends on conventional fossil energy sources such as coal and natural gas, so that the methanol industry becomes one of chemical industries with highest carbon emission. The biomass material such as straw and the like has carbon resources, is taken as a renewable carbon source, and has the remarkable advantages of cleanness, zero carbon, reproducibility and the like in energy utilization. The direct combustion treatment of the straw can generate larger atmospheric pollution of smoke dust, carbon resources in the biomass material are wasted, and if the biomass material can be used for directly preparing the methanol, the biomass material can be recycled and applied in a green way, so that a good treatment method of the biomass material is provided, and the prepared methanol is a pure green methanol product.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an off-grid system and method for preparing green methanol by biomass based on a gasification furnace, and the off-grid system and method are used for preparing green methanol by biomass.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The utility model provides a green methanol's off-grid system based on gasifier's living beings, including biomass drying and breaker, the gasifier, high temperature reforming chamber, exhaust-heat boiler, syngas processing apparatus, a first compressor, the methanol synthesis tower, methanol processing apparatus, turbine power generation system and electrolysis water hydrogen plant, biomass drying and breaker's export is connected with the feed inlet of gasifier, the synthetic gas export of gasifier is connected with high temperature reforming chamber's air inlet, high temperature reforming chamber's gas outlet is connected with exhaust-heat boiler's air inlet, exhaust-heat boiler's gas outlet is connected with syngas processing apparatus's air inlet and turbine power generation system's air inlet, syngas processing apparatus's gas outlet is connected with the one end of a compressor, the other end of a compressor and electrolysis water hydrogen plant's hydrogen export are connected with the air inlet of methanol synthesis tower, the crude methanol export of methanol synthesis tower is connected with methanol processing apparatus.
Further, the synthetic gas treatment device comprises a cloth bag dust removing device, a water washing tower, a second compressor, a dry desulfurization device and a cooling dehydration device, wherein an air inlet of the cloth bag dust removing device is connected with an air outlet of a waste heat boiler, an air outlet of the cloth bag dust removing device is connected with an air inlet of the water washing tower, an air outlet of the water washing tower is connected with one end of the second compressor, the other end of the second compressor is connected with an air inlet of the dry desulfurization device, an air outlet of the dry desulfurization device is connected with an air inlet of the cooling dehydration device, and an air outlet of the cooling dehydration device is connected with one end of the first compressor.
Further, the methanol treatment device comprises a rectifying tower, a methanol storage tank and a fusel storage tank, wherein a feed inlet of the rectifying tower is connected with a crude methanol outlet of the methanol synthesis tower, a methanol outlet of the rectifying tower is connected with the methanol storage tank, and a fusel outlet of the rectifying tower is connected with the fusel storage tank.
Further, the system also comprises a methanol internal combustion engine, and the methanol in the methanol storage tank is introduced into the methanol internal combustion engine to generate electricity as a starting power supply of the system.
Further, the system also comprises a first steam turbine, and a steam outlet of the waste heat boiler is connected with an air inlet of the first steam turbine.
Further, the turbine power generation system comprises a gas turbine, a waste heat boiler and a second steam turbine, a part of synthesis gas from the waste heat boiler is introduced into the gas turbine to generate power as station service electricity, a flue gas outlet of the gas turbine is connected with an air inlet of the waste heat boiler, and a steam outlet of the waste heat boiler is connected with an air inlet of the second steam turbine.
Further, the electrolytic water hydrogen production device comprises a wind-light power generation system, an electric energy storage device, an electrolytic tank and a hydrogen compressor, wherein the wind-light power generation system supplies power to the electrolytic tank, redundant electric quantity of the wind-light power generation system is stored in the electric energy storage device, a hydrogen outlet of the electrolytic tank is connected with an inlet of a methanol synthesis tower through the hydrogen compressor, and an oxygen outlet of the electrolytic tank is connected with the gasification furnace and the high-temperature reforming chamber.
Further, pure oxygen is introduced into the high-temperature reforming chamber, and the temperature of the high-temperature reforming chamber is controlled to be higher than 1100 ℃ so as to fully remove tar in the synthesis gas.
Further, the device also comprises an acetic acid synthesis tower and a green synthesis device, wherein the other end of the first compressor and a hydrogen outlet of the electrolyzed water hydrogen production device are connected with an air inlet of the methanol synthesis tower, an air inlet of the acetic acid synthesis tower or an air inlet of the green aviation oil synthesis device.
A method for preparing green methanol from biomass based on a gasifier, comprising the following steps:
s1, drying and crushing biomass raw materials by a biomass drying and crushing device, and then feeding the biomass raw materials into a gasification furnace;
S2, reacting the dried and crushed biomass raw material with oxygen or water vapor to generate synthesis gas;
S3, the temperature of the high-temperature reforming chamber is controlled to be higher than 1100 ℃ by introducing pure oxygen into the high-temperature reforming chamber to fully remove tar in the synthesis gas and reduce the content of particles in the synthesis gas;
S4, setting a waste heat boiler matched with the gasification furnace, cooling the synthesis gas with the temperature of 1100 ℃ to 180 ℃ by the waste heat boiler, rated steam production of the waste heat boiler is 6t/h, the temperature is 400 ℃, the pressure is 4.0MPa, and the produced steam is introduced into the first steam turbine; the synthesis gas from the waste heat boiler is divided into two parts, one part of synthesis gas enters a synthesis gas treatment device for synthesizing methanol, and the other part of synthesis gas enters a turbine power generation system for power generation to provide station service electricity;
s5, the synthesis gas cooled to 180 ℃ enters a bag-type dust removing device to remove particles entrained in the synthesis gas;
S6, spraying water to the synthetic gas at the outlet of the bag-type dust removing device for reducing the temperature, synchronously removing hydrogen chloride in the synthetic gas, cooling the synthetic gas to 30-40 ℃, removing water and pressurizing, then introducing the synthetic gas into a dry desulfurization device for removing sulfur dioxide, and introducing the desulfurized synthetic gas into a methanol synthesis tower after cooling, dehydrating and pressurizing;
s7, the electrolyzed water hydrogen production device is used for preparing hydrogen by taking a wind-solar power generation system as a green energy source, and the hydrogen is pressurized by a hydrogen compressor and then is sent into a methanol synthesis tower;
S8, fully mixing carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and hydrogen in the synthesis gas, reacting in a methanol synthesis tower at constant temperature and constant pressure to generate crude methanol, water and side reaction products, carrying out gas-liquid separation on the crude methanol through a methanol separator to obtain crude methanol, and obtaining high-purity methanol and fusel through a rectifying tower;
s9, in a system starting stage, methanol in a methanol storage tank is sent into a methanol internal combustion engine to generate electricity to serve as a starting power supply of the system, when the system runs stably, the methanol internal combustion engine stops working, and the system provides plant power by a first steam turbine and a steam turbine power generation system;
S10, when the power generated by the wind-solar power generation system is smaller than the rated power for hydrogen production by electrolysis of water, hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage tank is preferentially consumed at the moment, when the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage tank is completely consumed, the electric energy storage equipment and the wind-solar power generation system supply power for the hydrogen production equipment by electrolysis of water in a combined mode, the hydrogen production operation by electrolysis of water is guaranteed to be at the rated power, when the electric energy stored by the electric energy storage equipment is completely consumed, the steam turbine power generation system is started to send part of synthesis gas from the waste heat boiler into the steam turbine power generation system for power generation, and the steam turbine power generation system and the wind-solar power generation system supply power for the hydrogen production equipment by electrolysis of water in a combined mode, so that the hydrogen production operation by electrolysis of water is guaranteed to be at the rated power.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects:
1. The tar exists in the synthesis gas of the gasification furnace, and the tar is cracked into small molecular synthesis gas such as CO, CO 2、H2 and the like through the high-temperature reforming chamber, so that the carbon loss in the synthesis gas is reduced;
2. According to the invention, the biomass is directly gasified by adopting the gasifier, carbon in the biomass is converted into CO and CO2, and then hydrogen is directly added into the biomass to react in the methanol synthesis tower, so that the utilization rate of the biomass carbon is high, the consumption of biomass carbon sources is small, and the utilization rate of the carbon can reach 90-92%;
3. The gasified synthetic gas contains 20-25% of hydrogen, and the demand for electrolytic hydrogen is smaller;
4. the gasification process of the gasification furnace saves a great amount of oxygen and hydrogen and greatly reduces the cost of methanol production;
5. the invention does not need to be connected with an external power grid in the process of system starting or normal operation, and really realizes off-grid operation, thereby ensuring that the energy source in the whole process is green energy source and producing real green methanol products.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an off-grid system for preparing green methanol from biomass based on a gasifier according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to explain in detail the technical solutions adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined technical purposes, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments, and that technical means or technical features in the embodiments of the present invention may be replaced without inventive effort, and the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in combination with the embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the off-grid system for preparing green methanol by biomass based on a gasifier comprises a biomass drying and crushing device, the gasifier, a high-temperature reforming chamber, a waste heat boiler, a synthesis gas processing device, a first compressor, a methanol synthesis tower, a methanol processing device, a steam turbine power generation system and an electrolyzed water hydrogen production device, wherein an outlet of the biomass drying and crushing device is connected with a feed inlet of the gasifier, a synthesis gas outlet of the gasifier is connected with an air inlet of the high-temperature reforming chamber, an air outlet of the high-temperature reforming chamber is connected with an air inlet of the waste heat boiler, an air outlet of the waste heat boiler is connected with an air inlet of the synthesis gas processing device and an air inlet of the steam turbine power generation system, an air outlet of the synthesis gas processing device is connected with one end of the first compressor, the other end of the first compressor and a hydrogen outlet of the electrolyzed water hydrogen production device are connected with an air inlet of the methanol synthesis tower, and a crude methanol outlet of the methanol synthesis tower is connected with the methanol processing device.
The synthetic gas treatment device comprises a cloth bag dust removing device, a water washing tower, a second compressor, a dry desulfurization device and a cooling and dehydrating device, wherein an air inlet of the cloth bag dust removing device is connected with an air outlet of the waste heat boiler, an air outlet of the cloth bag dust removing device is connected with an air inlet of the water washing tower, an air outlet of the water washing tower is connected with one end of the second compressor, the other end of the second compressor is connected with an air inlet of the dry desulfurization device, an air outlet of the dry desulfurization device is connected with an air inlet of the cooling and dehydrating device, and an air outlet of the cooling and dehydrating device is connected with one end of the first compressor.
The methanol treatment device comprises a rectifying tower, a methanol storage tank and a fusel storage tank, wherein a feed inlet of the rectifying tower is connected with a crude methanol outlet of the methanol synthesis tower, a methanol outlet of the rectifying tower is connected with the methanol storage tank, and a fusel outlet of the rectifying tower is connected with the fusel storage tank.
The off-grid system for preparing green methanol by biomass based on the gasification furnace further comprises a methanol internal combustion engine, and methanol in the methanol storage tank is introduced into the methanol internal combustion engine to generate electricity as a starting power supply of the system.
The off-grid system for preparing green methanol from biomass based on the gasifier also comprises a first steam turbine, and a steam outlet of the waste heat boiler is connected with an air inlet of the first steam turbine.
The steam turbine power generation system comprises a gas turbine, a waste heat boiler and a second steam turbine, wherein part of synthesis gas from the waste heat boiler is introduced into the gas turbine to generate power as station service electricity, a flue gas outlet of the gas turbine is connected with an air inlet of the waste heat boiler, and a steam outlet of the waste heat boiler is connected with an air inlet of the second steam turbine.
The electrolytic water hydrogen production device comprises a wind-light power generation system, an electric energy storage device, an electrolytic tank and a hydrogen compressor, wherein the wind-light power generation system supplies power to the electrolytic tank, redundant electric quantity of the wind-light power generation system is stored in the electric energy storage device, a hydrogen outlet of the electrolytic tank is connected with an inlet of a methanol synthesis tower through the hydrogen compressor, and an oxygen outlet of the electrolytic tank is connected with a gasification furnace and a high-temperature reforming chamber.
The high temperature reforming chamber is filled with pure oxygen and the temperature of the high temperature reforming chamber is controlled to be higher than 1100 ℃ so as to fully remove tar in the synthesis gas.
The off-grid system for preparing green methanol by biomass based on the gasification furnace also comprises an acetic acid synthesis tower and a green containing synthesis device, wherein the other end of the first compressor and a hydrogen outlet of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device are connected with an air inlet of the methanol synthesis tower, an air inlet of the acetic acid synthesis tower or an air inlet of the green aviation oil synthesis device. The off-grid system for preparing the green methanol by using the biomass based on the gasification furnace not only can synthesize the methanol, but also can be used for synthesizing products such as acetic acid and green aviation oil, and the like.
A method for preparing green methanol from biomass based on a gasifier, comprising the following steps:
s1, drying and crushing biomass raw materials by a biomass drying and crushing device, and then feeding the biomass raw materials into a gasification furnace.
S2, reacting the dried and crushed biomass raw material with oxygen or water vapor to generate synthesis gas.
S3, the temperature of the high-temperature reforming chamber is controlled to be higher than 1100 ℃ by introducing pure oxygen into the high-temperature reforming chamber, so that tar in the synthesis gas is fully removed, the content of particles in the synthesis gas is reduced, and the downstream flue gas purification flow is reduced, so that the gas requirement of the methanol synthesis gas is met. Pure oxygen in the high-temperature reforming chamber is sourced from the electrolytic water hydrogen production device, so that reasonable application of oxygen produced by electrolytic water is realized.
S4, setting a waste heat boiler matched with the gasification furnace, cooling the synthesis gas with the temperature of 1100 ℃ to 180 ℃ by the waste heat boiler, rated steam production of the waste heat boiler is 6t/h, the temperature is 400 ℃, the pressure is 4.0MPa, and the produced steam is introduced into the first steam turbine. The synthesis gas from the waste heat boiler is divided into two parts, one part of synthesis gas enters a synthesis gas treatment device for synthesizing methanol, and the other part of synthesis gas enters a turbine power generation system for power generation to provide station service electricity. In the system, the synthetic gas enters a gas turbine of a turbine power generation system to generate power, the temperature of exhaust gas discharged by the gas turbine is up to more than 500 ℃, the discharged high-temperature exhaust gas is introduced into a waste heat boiler to obtain water vapor, the water vapor is utilized to generate power through a second steam turbine, and the conversion efficiency of the synthetic gas energy is greatly improved through the utilization of two-stage energy.
S5, the synthesis gas cooled to 180 ℃ enters a bag-type dust removing device to remove particles entrained in the synthesis gas. The cloth bag dust collector consists of a cloth bag dust collector, a compressed air back blowing system, a steam tracing system, a heat preservation system, a detection system, a control system and the like, and the dust collection efficiency is not less than 99.99%.
S6, spraying water to the synthetic gas at the outlet of the bag-type dust removing device for reducing the temperature, synchronously removing hydrogen chloride in the synthetic gas, cooling the synthetic gas to 30-40 ℃, removing water and pressurizing, then introducing the synthetic gas into a dry desulfurization device for removing sulfur dioxide, and introducing the desulfurized synthetic gas into a methanol synthesis tower after cooling, dehydrating and pressurizing. The dry desulfurization adopts a solid absorbent or adsorbent to remove hydrogen sulfide, and has the advantages of short flow, simple equipment structure, high gas purification and stable operation.
S7, the electrolyzed water hydrogen production device is used for preparing hydrogen by taking a wind-solar power generation system as a green energy source, and the hydrogen is pressurized by a hydrogen compressor and then is sent into a methanol synthesis tower. Oxygen prepared by the electrolyzed water preparation device is introduced into the gasification furnace and the high-temperature reforming chamber, so that reasonable utilization of the oxygen is realized.
And S8, fully mixing carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and hydrogen in the synthesis gas, reacting in a methanol synthesis tower at constant temperature and constant pressure to generate crude methanol, water and side reaction products, carrying out gas-liquid separation on the crude methanol through a methanol separator to obtain crude methanol, and obtaining high-purity methanol and fusel through a rectifying tower.
And S9, in the system starting stage, methanol in the methanol storage tank is sent into the methanol internal combustion engine to generate electricity to serve as a starting power supply of the system, and after the system runs stably, the methanol internal combustion engine stops working, and the system provides plant power by the first steam turbine and the steam turbine power generation system.
S10, when the power generated by the wind-solar power generation system is smaller than the rated power for hydrogen production by electrolysis of water, hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage tank is preferentially consumed at the moment, when the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage tank is completely consumed, the electric energy storage equipment and the wind-solar power generation system supply power for the hydrogen production equipment by electrolysis of water in a combined mode, the hydrogen production operation by electrolysis of water is guaranteed to be at the rated power, when the electric energy stored by the electric energy storage equipment is completely consumed, the steam turbine power generation system is started to send part of synthesis gas from the waste heat boiler into the steam turbine power generation system for power generation, and the steam turbine power generation system and the wind-solar power generation system supply power for the hydrogen production equipment by electrolysis of water in a combined mode, so that the hydrogen production operation by electrolysis of water is guaranteed to be at the rated power.
The tar exists in the synthesis gas of the gasification furnace, and the tar is cracked into small molecular synthesis gas such as CO, CO 2、H2 and the like through the high-temperature reforming chamber, so that the carbon loss in the synthesis gas is reduced; according to the invention, the biomass is directly gasified by adopting the gasifier, carbon in the biomass is converted into CO and CO2, and then hydrogen is directly added into the biomass to react in the methanol synthesis tower, so that the utilization rate of the biomass carbon is high, the consumption of biomass carbon sources is small, and the utilization rate of the carbon can reach 90-92%; the gasified synthetic gas contains 20-25% of hydrogen, and the demand for electrolytic hydrogen is smaller; the gasification process of the gasification furnace saves a great amount of oxygen and hydrogen and greatly reduces the cost of methanol production; the invention does not need to be connected with an external power grid in the process of system starting or normal operation, and really realizes off-grid operation, thereby ensuring that the energy source in the whole process is green energy source and producing real green methanol products.
The present invention is not limited to the preferred embodiments, but is capable of modification and variation in detail, and other embodiments, such as those described above, of making various modifications and equivalents will fall within the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. Off-grid system for preparing green methanol from biomass based on gasification furnace, and is characterized in that: the biomass drying and crushing device comprises a biomass drying and crushing device, a gasification furnace, a high-temperature reforming chamber, a waste heat boiler, a synthesis gas processing device, a first compressor, a methanol synthesis tower, a methanol processing device, a steam turbine power generation system and an electrolyzed water hydrogen production device, wherein an outlet of the biomass drying and crushing device is connected with a feed inlet of the gasification furnace, a synthesis gas outlet of the gasification furnace is connected with an air inlet of the high-temperature reforming chamber, an air outlet of the high-temperature reforming chamber is connected with an air inlet of the waste heat boiler, an air outlet of the waste heat boiler is connected with an air inlet of the synthesis gas processing device and an air inlet of the steam turbine power generation system, an air outlet of the synthesis gas processing device is connected with one end of the first compressor, and the other end of the first compressor and a hydrogen outlet of the electrolyzed water hydrogen production device are connected with an air inlet of the methanol synthesis tower, and a crude methanol outlet of the methanol synthesis tower is connected with the methanol processing device.
2. The off-grid system for preparing green methanol from biomass in a gasifier according to claim 1, wherein: the synthetic gas treatment device comprises a cloth bag dust removing device, a water washing tower, a second compressor, a dry desulfurization device and a cooling dehydration device, wherein an air inlet of the cloth bag dust removing device is connected with an air outlet of a waste heat boiler, an air outlet of the cloth bag dust removing device is connected with an air inlet of the water washing tower, an air outlet of the water washing tower is connected with one end of the second compressor, the other end of the second compressor is connected with an air inlet of the dry desulfurization device, an air outlet of the dry desulfurization device is connected with an air inlet of the cooling dehydration device, and an air outlet of the cooling dehydration device is connected with one end of the first compressor.
3. The off-grid system for preparing green methanol from biomass in a gasifier according to claim 1, wherein: the methanol treatment device comprises a rectifying tower, a methanol storage tank and a fusel storage tank, wherein a feed inlet of the rectifying tower is connected with a crude methanol outlet of the methanol synthesis tower, a methanol outlet of the rectifying tower is connected with the methanol storage tank, and a fusel outlet of the rectifying tower is connected with the fusel storage tank.
4. An off-grid system for producing green methanol from gasifier-based biomass as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the system also comprises a methanol internal combustion engine, wherein the methanol in the methanol storage tank is introduced into the methanol internal combustion engine to generate electricity as a starting power supply of the system.
5. The off-grid system for preparing green methanol from biomass in a gasifier according to claim 1, wherein: the waste heat boiler further comprises a first steam turbine, and a steam outlet of the waste heat boiler is connected with an air inlet of the first steam turbine.
6. The gasification furnace-based biomass-based off-grid system for preparing green methanol as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the steam turbine power generation system comprises a gas turbine, a waste heat boiler and a second steam turbine, wherein part of synthesis gas from the waste heat boiler is introduced into the gas turbine to generate power as station service electricity, a flue gas outlet of the gas turbine is connected with an air inlet of the waste heat boiler, and a steam outlet of the waste heat boiler is connected with an air inlet of the second steam turbine.
7. The off-grid system for preparing green methanol from biomass in a gasifier according to claim 1, wherein: the electrolytic water hydrogen production device comprises a wind-light power generation system, an electric energy storage device, an electrolytic tank and a hydrogen compressor, wherein the wind-light power generation system supplies power to the electrolytic tank, redundant electric quantity of the wind-light power generation system is stored in the electric energy storage device, a hydrogen outlet of the electrolytic tank is connected with an inlet of a methanol synthesis tower through the hydrogen compressor, and an oxygen outlet of the electrolytic tank is connected with the gasification furnace and the high-temperature reforming chamber.
8. The off-grid system for preparing green methanol from biomass in a gasifier according to claim 1, wherein: the high-temperature reforming chamber is filled with pure oxygen and the temperature of the high-temperature reforming chamber is controlled to be higher than 1100 ℃ so as to fully remove tar in the synthesis gas.
9. The off-grid system for preparing green methanol from biomass in a gasifier according to claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises an acetic acid synthesis tower and a green synthesis device, wherein the other end of the first compressor and a hydrogen outlet of the electrolyzed water hydrogen production device are connected with an air inlet of the methanol synthesis tower, an air inlet of the acetic acid synthesis tower or an air inlet of the green aviation oil synthesis device.
10. A method for preparing green methanol from biomass based on a gasification furnace, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, drying and crushing biomass raw materials by a biomass drying and crushing device, and then feeding the biomass raw materials into a gasification furnace;
S2, reacting the dried and crushed biomass raw material with oxygen or water vapor to generate synthesis gas;
S3, the temperature of the high-temperature reforming chamber is controlled to be higher than 1100 ℃ by introducing pure oxygen into the high-temperature reforming chamber to fully remove tar in the synthesis gas and reduce the content of particles in the synthesis gas;
S4, setting a waste heat boiler matched with the gasification furnace, cooling the synthesis gas with the temperature of 1100 ℃ to 180 ℃ by the waste heat boiler, rated steam production of the waste heat boiler is 6t/h, the temperature is 400 ℃, the pressure is 4.0MPa, and the produced steam is introduced into the first steam turbine; the synthesis gas from the waste heat boiler is divided into two parts, one part of synthesis gas enters a synthesis gas treatment device for synthesizing methanol, and the other part of synthesis gas enters a turbine power generation system for power generation to provide station service electricity;
s5, the synthesis gas cooled to 180 ℃ enters a bag-type dust removing device to remove particles entrained in the synthesis gas;
S6, spraying water to the synthetic gas at the outlet of the bag-type dust removing device for reducing the temperature, synchronously removing hydrogen chloride in the synthetic gas, cooling the synthetic gas to 30-40 ℃, removing water and pressurizing, then introducing the synthetic gas into a dry desulfurization device for removing sulfur dioxide, and introducing the desulfurized synthetic gas into a methanol synthesis tower after cooling, dehydrating and pressurizing;
s7, the electrolyzed water hydrogen production device is used for preparing hydrogen by taking a wind-solar power generation system as a green energy source, and the hydrogen is pressurized by a hydrogen compressor and then is sent into a methanol synthesis tower;
S8, fully mixing carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and hydrogen in the synthesis gas, reacting in a methanol synthesis tower at constant temperature and constant pressure to generate crude methanol, water and side reaction products, carrying out gas-liquid separation on the crude methanol through a methanol separator to obtain crude methanol, and obtaining high-purity methanol and fusel through a rectifying tower;
s9, in a system starting stage, methanol in a methanol storage tank is sent into a methanol internal combustion engine to generate electricity to serve as a starting power supply of the system, when the system runs stably, the methanol internal combustion engine stops working, and the system provides plant power by a first steam turbine and a steam turbine power generation system;
S10, when the power generated by the wind-solar power generation system is smaller than the rated power for hydrogen production by electrolysis of water, hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage tank is preferentially consumed at the moment, when the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage tank is completely consumed, the electric energy storage equipment and the wind-solar power generation system supply power for the hydrogen production equipment by electrolysis of water in a combined mode, the hydrogen production operation by electrolysis of water is guaranteed to be at the rated power, when the electric energy stored by the electric energy storage equipment is completely consumed, the steam turbine power generation system is started to send part of synthesis gas from the waste heat boiler into the steam turbine power generation system for power generation, and the steam turbine power generation system and the wind-solar power generation system supply power for the hydrogen production equipment by electrolysis of water in a combined mode, so that the hydrogen production operation by electrolysis of water is guaranteed to be at the rated power.
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2012036317A (en) * 2010-08-09 2012-02-23 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Biomass gasification gas purification system and method, methanol production system and method
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