CN118159508A - 用于包含游离硅的基材的环境隔离件 - Google Patents
用于包含游离硅的基材的环境隔离件 Download PDFInfo
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- CN118159508A CN118159508A CN202280047938.1A CN202280047938A CN118159508A CN 118159508 A CN118159508 A CN 118159508A CN 202280047938 A CN202280047938 A CN 202280047938A CN 118159508 A CN118159508 A CN 118159508A
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- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000011153 ceramic matrix composite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001938 gadolinium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940075613 gadolinium oxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- CMIHHWBVHJVIGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gadolinium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Gd+3].[Gd+3] CMIHHWBVHJVIGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- UZLYXNNZYFBAQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);ytterbium(3+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Yb+3].[Yb+3] UZLYXNNZYFBAQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910003454 ytterbium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940075624 ytterbium oxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ytterbium Chemical compound [Yb] NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N gadolinium atom Chemical class [Gd] UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 11
- FIIGRZYDBNZZFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioxido(trioxidosilyloxy)silane ytterbium(3+) Chemical compound [Si]([O-])([O-])([O-])O[Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[Yb+3].[Yb+3] FIIGRZYDBNZZFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 8
- -1 rare earth silicate Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000002223 garnet Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 6
- XQWQNVHACLGSBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Si]([O-])([O-])([O-])O.[Yb+3] Chemical compound [Si]([O-])([O-])([O-])O.[Yb+3] XQWQNVHACLGSBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ACHUIOCIAMZOOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Si]([O-])([O-])([O-])O[Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[Gd+3].[Gd+3] Chemical compound [Si]([O-])([O-])([O-])O[Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[Gd+3].[Gd+3] ACHUIOCIAMZOOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002296 pyrolytic carbon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008707 rearrangement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000930 thermomechanical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910004291 O3.2SiO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BEZBEMZKLAZARX-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;gadolinium Chemical compound [AlH3].[Gd] BEZBEMZKLAZARX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003292 diminished effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCGNENMMSHIRKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N gadolinium(3+) hydroxy(trioxido)silane Chemical compound [Si]([O-])([O-])([O-])O.[Gd+3] PCGNENMMSHIRKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000626 liquid-phase infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种包含陶瓷基体复合材料基材(11)的部件,该基材含硅,该部件还包含形成在基材的至少一个表面(S)上的环境隔离件(12),该部件的特征在于,环境隔离件包含选自Yb2‑2γGd2γSiO5和Yb2‑2γGd2γSi2O7的至少一种化合物,其中γ在0.05至0.15之间,且环境隔离件还包含氧化铝Al2O3,氧化铝的摩尔含量为总环境隔离件组成的5%至15%。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及陶瓷基体复合材料(CMC)材料领域,更具体地涉及施加于此类材料的环境隔离领域。
背景技术
CMC材料具有良好的机械性能,使其可以用作结构组件,并且这些性能在高温下得以有利地保持。
然而,这些CMC材料在高温和腐蚀性环境下使用时可能降解,比如它们在航空涡轮机中时。当CMC部件包含碳化硅(SiC)基体时,CMC的腐蚀导致SiC氧化成二氧化硅,二氧化硅在水蒸气存在下以Si(OH)4氢氧化物的形式挥发。腐蚀导致CMC过早降解。因此,开发了环境隔离涂层(EBC)来保护CMC材料免受高温腐蚀。
合适的环境隔离件(environmental barrier)的示例是包含硅粘合层和稀土硅酸盐层(类型为RE2Si2O7或RE2SiO5,例如Y2Si2O7)的多层组装件。
这些环境隔离件最通常是通过粉末热喷涂或通过液体工艺获得,通常随后进行烧结/致密化热处理。
以这种方式获得的环境隔离件具有许多优点,但仍然存在难以使用的情况。例如,当需要非常紧密的隔离件时,通常建议提高烧结温度。遗憾的是,这种烧结温度的增加与包含游离硅的基材不相容,因为当温度升至1400℃以上时,此类基材会热分解。
降低烧结温度从而在不损坏基材的情况下增加环境隔离件的紧密性的常规方法是在环境隔离件中添加烧结剂,如MgO或Fe2O3。然而,这些烧结剂与具有自修复能力的隔离件不相容,而对于某些应用来说又特别需要自修复能力。事实上,MgO和Fe2O3化合物可以改变自修复环境隔离件的液相稳定性。此外,当环境隔离件的孔隙率降低时,它们作为烧结助剂的作用减弱,这通常是当需要非常高水平的环境隔离件紧密性时的情况。
当环境隔离件需要自修复能力时,建议使用Al2O3氧化铝作为烧结剂。遗憾的是,该解决方案不适用于包含硅酸镱Yb2Si2O7的环境隔离件,因为氧化铝和硅酸镱组合物的液相形成温度仍然高于包含游离硅的基材的允许温度。
然而,对于某些应用,优选使用硅酸镱(Yb2SiO5和/或Yb2Si2O7)而不是硅酸钇(Y2SiO5和/或Y2Si2O7)的环境隔离件,原因在于此类隔离件已被证明具有更好的抗衰退性和更少的离子扩散。
因此,仍然需要可以应用于包含游离硅的基底的包含硅酸镱(Yb2SiO5和/或Yb2Si2O7)并具有非常高的密度和自修复能力的环境隔离件。
发明内容
本发明是专门为满足上述需要而设计的。
本发明涉及一种包含陶瓷基体复合材料基材的部件,该基材包含硅,该部件还包含形成在基材的至少一个表面上的环境隔离件,该部件的特征在于,环境隔离件包含选自Yb2-2γGd2γSiO5、Yb2-2γGd2γSi2O7的至少一种化合物,其中γ在0.05至0.15之间,
且环境隔离件还包含氧化铝Al2O3,氧化铝的摩尔含量为总环境隔离件组成的5%至15%。
由于硅酸镱的存在,此类部件具有出色的抗氧化性,同时允许使用含有游离硅的基材。
在环境隔离件中用钆取代一部分镱,结合氧化铝的存在,允许环境隔离件在达到高于1300℃的温度时具有一部分液相。
当通过热处理形成环境隔离件时,该液相的存在允许实现非常高的致密化,因为液相促进颗粒重排。环境隔离件的高密度使其具有对氧化性和腐蚀性物质的优异抗渗透性,以及优良的基材保护能力。
此外,在使用时,在高于1300℃的温度下,环境隔离件中液相的存在允许其修复裂纹损伤并确保在使用范围内出现的热机械应力的缓解。环境隔离件在工作范围内的这些自修复特性防止裂纹形成,从而确保涂覆部件更长的使用寿命。
在一个实施方案中,该部件还包含存在于基材表面与环境隔离件之间的含硅的粘合层。
该层改善稀土硅酸盐层的粘合并形成保护性二氧化硅层,其低透氧性有助于保护CMC免受氧化。
在一个实施方案中,基材是其基体包含碳化硅的复合部件,或者甚至是其纤维增强体和基体包含碳化硅的复合材料。
在一个实施方案中,环境隔离件可以共同包含化合物Yb2-2γGd2γSiO5、Yb2-2γGd2γSi2O7,其中γ在0.05至0.15之间。环境隔离件则包含稀土单硅酸盐和稀土二硅酸盐,所述稀土是部分被钆取代的镱。
在该实施方案中,基于理解到一些镱被钆取代,环境隔离件组成在单硅酸镱、二硅酸镱和镱铝石榴石之间的Yb2O3-Al2O3-SiO2三元图的范围内选择。
通过在三元图的范围内选择精确的环境隔离件组成,特别是氧化铝含量和钆对镱的取代率,可以精确地确定环境隔离件中存在的液相量,从而使该隔离件具有所需的自修复特性。
在另一个实施方案中,环境隔离件仅包含选自Yb2-2γGd2γSiO5、Yb2-2γGd2γSi2O7的化合物中的一种,其中γ在0.05至0.15之间。在一个实施方案中,环境隔离件层中仅有的含稀土的物质是二硅酸镱和二硅酸钆。
例如,环境隔离件层可以具有在Yb2O3-Al2O3-SiO2三元图中落入从二硅酸镱到莫来石的等值线上的组成,理解到一些镱被钆取代。
不受理论的限制,发明人相信钆对镱的取代率使得能够精确地确定环境隔离件中存在的液相的量,从而使该隔离件具有所需的自修复特性。
在一个实施方案中,环境隔离件具有大于或等于98%的致密化率。对于根据本发明的环境隔离件来说,在与包含游离硅的基材相容的温度下可以有利地实现这样的比率。
这样的致密化率导致隔离件比现有技术的环境隔离件更不透气,并且因此改善环境隔离件的保护特性。
在一个实施方案中,基材可以是航空涡轮机械部件,例如高压涡轮部件或低压涡轮部件。例如,该部件可以是喷嘴、燃烧室壁、涡轮环扇区、涡轮机叶片或这些部件之一的一部分。
根据另一方面,本发明涉及一种用于在氧化且潮湿的环境中的高温使用期间通过在基材表面上形成环境隔离件来保护基材的方法,该基材的邻近表面的部分由含硅的材料制成,
其特征在于,形成包含选自Yb2-2γGd2γSiO5、Yb2-2γGd2γSi2O7的至少一种化合物以及相对于总环境隔离件组成为5%至15%的摩尔含量的氧化铝(Al2O3)的环境隔离件,其中γ在0.05至0.15之间,在高达至少1400℃时维持主体(majority)为固相并且在高于或等于1300℃的温度下呈现液相的环境隔离件确保该隔离件在高于或等于1300℃的使用温度下的自修复能力。
这样的方法允许通过自修复环境隔离件来保护含硅的基材。事实上,液相的量确保环境隔离件能够填充在部件使用期间可能出现的任何裂纹。此外,由于环境隔离件在低于1400℃的温度下具有液相,所以本发明的方法仍然与含硅的基材相容。
在一个实施方案中,环境隔离件的形成包括氧化镱粉末(Yb2O3)、氧化钆粉末(Gd2O3)、氧化铝粉末(Al2O3)和二氧化硅粉末(SiO2)在1300℃至1400℃之间的温度下的烧结步骤,确定粉末的比例以便获得如上所述的部件。
烧结允许环境隔离件的非常高的致密化。事实上,环境隔离件中的液相有利于颗粒重排,与没有该液相的环境隔离件相比,这增加了致密化。
在一个实施方案中,该方法还包括在形成环境隔离件之前在基材表面上获得含硅粘合层的步骤。
附图说明
图1是本发明的实施方案的非常示意性的图示。
图2是Yb2O3-Al2O3-SiO2三元图的示意性图示。
具体实施方式
以下描述涉及本发明的特定实施方案,为了便于理解而示出。这些特定实施方案不应被理解为限制本发明的范围。
图1是根据一个实施方案的在其S表面上设置有环境隔离件12的基材11的非常示意性的图示。
由含硅的陶瓷基体复合材料制成的基材11包括纤维增强体,该纤维增强体可以由碳纤维或陶瓷纤维如碳化硅(SiC)纤维制成。SiC纤维可以涂覆或不涂覆例如热解碳(PyC)、氮化硼(BN)或掺硼碳(BC,具有5原子%至20原子%硼,余量为是碳)的薄界面层。纤维增强体通过含硅的基体而致密化。例如,基体可以是碳化硅SiC。
在优选实施方案中,使用熔体渗透法用基体浸渍基材11,其中将粉末例如碳或陶瓷分散在纤维增强体的孔隙中,然后纤维增强体被液体硅渗透以与分散的粉末反应并直接在纤维增强体的孔隙中形成基体。
环境隔离件12形成在基材11的整个外表面上,或者,例如如果仅保护基材11的一部分,则仅形成在该表面的一部分上。
在一个实施方案中,可以沉积环境隔离件12而与基材的外表面直接接触。
如上所述,环境隔离件12具有经选择的组成,使得其表现出自修复特性。
在一个实施方案中,可在基材11与环境隔离件12之间形成粘合层(未示出)。粘合层含硅,并且可以是例如莫来石(3Al2O3.2SiO2)。
粘合层本身可以通过已知的方法获得。
在一个实施方案中,粘合层可以形成为与基板11直接接触。
在一个实施方案中,环境隔离件12可以形成为与粘合层直接接触。
图2示出了Yb2O3-Al2O3-SiO2三元图200,并鉴定了本发明感兴趣的组成和区域。
具体地,该三元图200示出了:
单硅酸镱202,
二硅酸镱201,
莫来石203;和
镱铝石榴石204。
此外,范围301对应于在单硅酸镱202、二硅酸镱201和镱铝石榴石204之间延伸的范围。
直线302是在二硅酸镱201与莫来石203之间延伸的等值线。
范围303对应于铝含量在5%至15%之间的组成。
如上所述,环境隔离件12包含选自Yb2-2γGd2γSiO5和Yb2-2γGd2γSi2O7的化合物以及相对于总环境隔离件组成为5%至15%的氧化铝摩尔含量的氧化铝Al2O3,其中γ在0.05至0.15之间。
其中γ在0.05至0.15之间的配方Yb2-2γGd2γSiO5和相应的Yb2-2γGd2γSi2O7被理解为镱单硅酸盐和相应的二硅酸镱,其中一部分镱已被钆取代。
发明人发现,用钆取代一部分镱有利于环境隔离件中液相的存在。
精确选择环境隔离件组成很重要,以便以这样的方式确定液相的量:一方面,它不能太高,否则会有因太大的热气体流量而快速降解的风险,另一方面,它足够高以获得所需的自修复性能。
例如,可以选择环境隔离件组成,使得对于操作温度,例如对于1350℃到1400℃之间的温度,相对于环境隔离件的总质量,液相的量按质量计在5%到40%之间。
在一个实施方案中,用钆取代一部分镱是通过在环境隔离件形成后立即引入与镱相同形式的所需量的钆来实现的。
例如,钆可以以这样的方式存在:镱的摩尔量与钆的摩尔量之比在85/15至95/5之间或甚至86/14至90/10之间。
在根据本发明的环境隔离件中,氧化铝以相对于总环境隔离件组成为5%至15%的摩尔含量存在。
通过该配方可以理解,当量氧化铝含量在5%至15%之间。换言之,环境隔离件组成在Yb2O3-Al2O3-SiO2三元图200中位于对应于5%至15%之间的氧化铝浓度的范围303中。例如,如果隔离件包含镱铝石榴石204,则应当理解,隔离件包含氧化铝。
在一个实施方案中,隔离件包含Al2O3形式的的氧化铝。
在一个实施方案中,两种化合物Yb2-2γGd2γSiO5和Yb2-2γGd2γSi2O7一起存在于环境隔离件中。
在该实施方案中,环境隔离件组成随后落入单硅酸镱202、二硅酸镱201和镱铝石榴石204之间的Yb2O3-Al2O3-SiO2三元图200的范围内,条件是氧化铝的摩尔含量在5%至15%之间。
在一个实施方案中,环境隔离件仅包含选自Yb2-2γGd2γSiO5和Yb2-2γGd2γSi2O7的两种化合物中的一种以及氧化铝Al2O3,并且优选仅包含Yb2-2γGd2γSi2O7以及氧化铝Al2O3,其中γ在0.05至0.15之间,氧化铝的摩尔含量相对于总环境隔离件组成在5%至15%之间。
例如,在该实施方案中,环境隔离件组成落入Yb2O3-Al2O3-SiO2三元图200中的从二硅酸镱201到莫来石203的等值线203上。
这意味着环境隔离件组成包含这两个相的二元混合物。
如上所述,始终理解的是一些镱被钆取代。
在该实施方案中,然后例如由包含二硅酸镱的粉末、含二硅酸钆和莫来石的粉末容易地制备环境隔离件。
在一个实施方案中,环境隔离件在垂直于基材表面的方向上延伸至50μm至100μm之间的厚度e1。
在一个实施方案中,环境隔离件未被覆盖。当单独的环境隔离件足以为基材提供对其所面对的环境足够的耐受性时,这是特别有利的。
现在描述获得环境隔离件层的方法。
如果存在的话,粘合层可以以本身已知的方式获得,例如通过粉末混合物的热喷涂。
然后在基材的表面上或者在适当的情况下在粘合层的表面上创建环境隔离件。
环境隔离件可以通过烧结包含构成环境隔离件的组分的多种粉末来产生。
在一个实施方案中,多种粉末中的粉末可以选自:氧化镱粉末、氧化钆粉末、单硅酸镱粉末、二硅酸镱粉末、单硅酸钆粉末、二硅酸钆粉末、氧化铝粉末、莫来石粉末、镱铝石榴石粉末、钆铝石榴石粉、氧化硅粉末。
在优选实施方案中,环境隔离件通过氧化镱粉末(Yb2O3)、氧化钆粉末(Gd2O3)、氧化铝粉末(Al2O3)和氧化硅粉末(SiO2)在1300℃至1400℃之间的温度下的烧结步骤获得,确定粉末的比例以便获得如上所述的部件。
显然,将确定粉末的精确量以获得所需的环境隔离件组成。
例如,可以通过固体粉末的热喷涂方法来沉积粉末。
然后可以在1300℃至1400℃之间的温度下烧结所沉积的粉末,以获得环境隔离件的优异致密化,同时保证含游离硅的基材的完整性。
如上所述,所描述的环境隔离件组成允许在初始烧结处理期间获得液相,这使得与现有技术的隔离件相比,隔离件的密度增加。
此外,该组成赋予隔离件自修复能力,因为工作温度的升高将允许形成液相,该液相使得更容易重新密封裂缝并且还在蠕变期间提供对热机械应力的更好缓解。
以此方式,所描述的方法使得能够获得含硅酸镱的环境隔离件层,其生产条件与含游离硅的基材相容。
Claims (9)
1.一种包含陶瓷基体复合材料基材(11)的部件,所述基材含硅,所述部件还包含形成在所述基材的至少一个表面(S)上的环境隔离件(12),
所述部件的特征在于,所述环境隔离件包含选自Yb2-2γGd2γSiO5和Yb2-2γGd2γSi2O7的至少一种化合物,其中γ在0.05至0.15之间,
并且所述环境隔离件还包含氧化铝Al2O3,氧化铝的摩尔含量相对于总环境隔离件组成为5%至15%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的部件,还包含存在于所述基材(11)的所述表面(S)与所述环境隔离件(12)之间的含硅的粘合层。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的部件,其中所述基材(11)是其基体包含碳化硅的复合材料部件。
4.根据权利要求1至3所述的部件,其中所述环境隔离件(12)共同包含化合物Yb2-2γGd2γSiO5、Yb2-2γGd2γSi2O7,其中γ在0.05至0.15之间。
5.根据权利要求1至3所述的部件,其中所述环境隔离件(12)包含选自Yb2-2γGd2γSiO5、Yb2-2γGd2γSi2O7的化合物中的仅一种,其中γ在0.05至0.15之间。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的部件,其中所述环境隔离件(12)具有大于或等于98%的致密化率。
7.一种用于在氧化且潮湿的环境中的高温使用期间保护基材(11)的方法,所述基材的邻近于表面S的部分由含硅的材料制成,所述方法是通过在所述基材表面上形成环境隔离件(12),
其特征在于,形成包含选自Yb2-2γGd2γSiO5、Yb2-2γGd2γSi2O7的至少一种化合物以及相对于总环境隔离件组成为5%至15%的摩尔含量的氧化铝(Al2O3)的环境隔离件,其中γ在0.05至0.15之间,
在高达至少1400℃时维持主体为固相并且在高于或等于1300℃的温度下呈现液相的所述环境隔离件确保所述隔离件在高于或等于1300℃的使用温度下的自修复能力。
8.根据权利要求7所述的方法,其中所述环境隔离件(12)的形成包括氧化镱粉末(Yb2O3)、氧化钆粉末(Gd2O3)、氧化铝粉末(Al2O3)和氧化硅粉末(SiO2)在1300℃至1400℃之间的温度下的烧结步骤,确定所述粉末的比例以便获得根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的部件。
9.根据权利要求7或8所述的方法,还包括在形成所述环境隔离件(12)之前在所述基材(11)的所述表面(S)上获得含硅的粘合层的步骤。
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