CN118147540A - Salt storage structural material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Salt storage structural material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN118147540A CN118147540A CN202410094325.4A CN202410094325A CN118147540A CN 118147540 A CN118147540 A CN 118147540A CN 202410094325 A CN202410094325 A CN 202410094325A CN 118147540 A CN118147540 A CN 118147540A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- structural material
- salt storage
- storage structural
- content
- temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrate group Chemical group [N+](=O)([O-])[O-] NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 21
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 21
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 24
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 18
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013529 heat transfer fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021591 Copper(I) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019802 NbC Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- VQWFNAGFNGABOH-UHFFFAOYSA-K chromium(iii) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Cr+3] VQWFNAGFNGABOH-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- OXBLHERUFWYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(I) chloride Chemical compound [Cu]Cl OXBLHERUFWYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin-22,24-diide Chemical group [Cu+2].C1=CC(C(=C2C=CC([N-]2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC(N=2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C2=CC=C3[N-]2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=NC1=C3C1=CC=CC=C1 RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a salt storage structural material and a preparation method and application thereof. The salt storage structural material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: Al:1.3 to 2.7 percent, Cr:4-10%, Ni:11-13%, Mn:1.1-1.3%, N:0.020-0.027%, Nb:0.5-0.9%, and the balance being Fe; the salt storage structural material is of a martensitic structure. The salt storage structural material has higher strength and hardness and better toughness on the basis of improving the corrosion resistance, ensures the feasibility of casting and hot rolling treatment, ensures the comprehensive mechanical property of the material, and provides a beneficial reference for casting, hot rolling and solid solution of the salt storage structural material with the height of Wen Lvyan; meanwhile, the application scene of the martensitic steel is widened, and the martensitic steel can be used as a flat material of austenitic stainless steel in other fields.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a salt storage structural material, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
With the increasing exhaustion of renewable energy sources worldwide, and the increasing environmental pollution, the Concentrated Solar (CSP) photo-thermal power generation technology using renewable clean energy sources has been attracting attention in recent years. The existing established CSP power plant basically uses nitrate salt as Heat Transfer Fluid (HTF), but the nitrate has poor thermal stability and is easy to decompose above 565 ℃, so that the heat energy conversion efficiency of the system is difficult to improve. The NaCl-KCl-MgCl 2 ternary chloride eutectic system has the advantages of low cost, large heat storage temperature range, low viscosity, good thermal stability, rich content in the nature and the like, and is an important candidate material for the next-generation CSP heat transfer fluid. However, high temperature chloride molten salts are strongly corrosive, which places higher demands on the corrosion resistance of the salt storage structural material.
From the aspect of matrix phase, the corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of austenitic steel are considered to be ideal, and the austenitic steel is also a main salt storage structural material, but austenitic stainless steel is not suitable for high-temperature and strong-corrosion environments. A large number of researches show that the stability of a passivation film formed on the surface of the salt storage structure material is crucial to the corrosion resistance of the material. The corrosion resistance of the salt storage alloy commonly used at present mainly depends on the formation of a passivation film mainly comprising Cr 2O3 on the surface, the Cr passivation film in high-temperature molten salt (such as high-temperature chloride salt) is easily corroded by the molten salt, and most of oxides are unstable in the molten salt; meanwhile, the Cr 2O3 oxide film can form volatile chromium hydroxide in a wet working environment higher than 600 ℃, so that the application of the active salt storage structural material in a working condition of high Wen Lvyan is inhibited.
Aluminum has a lower electrode potential than chromium, it is easier to passivate, the Al 2O3 film has better stability than the Cr 2O3 film, and the growth rate is slower. Therefore, the alloy with the Al 2O3 passivation film formed on the surface is expected to be used in a more severe high-temperature chloride salt environment atmosphere.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a salt storage structural material, and a preparation method and application thereof.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical scheme.
According to the invention, according to the fact that the Al 2O3 passivation film has more stable performance than the Cr 2O3 passivation film, on one hand, the content of Al element in the stainless steel is improved by adding the content of Al and reducing the content of Cr based on the content of the components of austenitic matrix steel (TP 347H); on the other hand, an Al 2O3 passivation film is formed on the surface of the material in a high-temperature environment through an Al element, so that stable corrosion resistance is provided for the salt storage structure material; and the feasibility of the technological process and the preparation method of the material is determined, and the comprehensive mechanical property of the material is ensured.
The invention provides a salt storage structural material, which comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: al:1.3 to 2.7 percent, cr:4-10%, ni:11-13%, mn:1.1-1.3%, N:0.020-0.027%, nb:0.5-0.9%, and the balance being Fe; the salt storage structural material is of a martensitic structure.
In the present invention, the martensite structure is preferably plate-like martensite. The plate-like martensite is a structure conventionally understood in the art consisting of a plurality of thin laths of approximately the same size arranged approximately in parallel, with relatively large angles between the laths; the crystal structure is a body-centered tetragonal structure.
In the present invention, the Al content may be 1.5 to 2.5%, for example 1.5%, 2.0% or 2.5%.
In the present invention, the Cr content may be 4.25 to 9.75%, for example, 4.25%, 7.0% or 9.75%.
In the present invention, the Ni content may be 11 to 12%, for example 11.5%.
In the present invention, the Mn content may be 1.1 to 1.2%, for example, 1.18%.
In the present invention, the N content may be 0.023 to 0.026%, for example 0.025%.
In the present invention, the Nb content may be 0.6 to 0.8%, for example, 0.7%. Nb is a strong stabilizing element, and in the present invention, nb is more than 8 times the C content, and almost all carbon in the steel can be fixed to form carbide, thereby preventing intergranular corrosion of the steel by the oxidizing medium.
In the invention, the affinity of Nb and C in the system is far greater than that of Cr and C, and NbC is preferentially formed, so that on one hand, the intergranular corrosion caused by Cr 23C6 formed in the steel can be prevented, and the high-temperature oxidation resistance of the steel is improved; on the other hand, the dispersed NbC can prevent dislocation movement and improve the high-temperature creep resistance of the steel.
In the present invention, the salt storage structural material may further include one or more of Si, C, P and S.
Wherein the Si content may be 0.5-0.7%, for example 0.5%.
Wherein the content of C may be 0.07-0.09%, for example 0.07%.
Wherein the content of P may be 0.020-0.027%, such as 0.025%.
Wherein the S content may be 0.002-0.010%, such as 0.004%.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the chemical components of the salt storage structural material and the mass percentages thereof include: al:1.5-2.5%, cr:4.25-9.75%, ni:11.5%, mn:1.18%, si:0.5%, C:0.07%, P:0.025%, N:0.025%, S:0.004%, nb:0.7%, the balance being Fe.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the chemical components of the salt storage structural material and the mass percentages thereof include: al:1.5%, cr:9.75%, ni:11.5%, mn:1.18%, si:0.5%, C:0.07%, P:0.025%, N:0.025%, S:0.004%, nb:0.7%, the balance being Fe.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the chemical components of the salt storage structural material and the mass percentages thereof include: al:2.0%, cr:7.0%, ni:11.5%, mn:1.18%, si:0.5%, C:0.07%, P:0.025%, N:0.025%, S:0.004%, nb:0.7%, the balance being Fe.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the chemical components of the salt storage structural material and the mass percentages thereof include: al:2.5%, cr:4.25%, ni:11.5%, mn:1.18%, si:0.5%, C:0.07%, P:0.025%, N:0.025%, S:0.004%, nb:0.7%, the balance being Fe.
In the invention, the equivalent formula of Creq and Nieq is as follows:
Creq＝[Cr]+2.0[Si]+1.5[Mo]+5.5[Al]+1.75[Nb]+1.5[Ti]+0.75[W](wt.％)
Nieq＝[Ni]+[Co]+0.5[Mn]+30[C]+0.3[Cu]+25[N](wt.％)
It can be calculated that the equivalent ratio of Creq/Nieq of TP347H stainless steel is not changed and is still 1.365 by the salt storage structural material with optimized components.
In the present invention, the yield strength σ 0.2 (room temperature) of the salt storage structural material may be 522 to 723MPa, for example 522MPa, 717MPa or 723MPa.
In the present invention, the tensile strength σ b (room temperature) of the salt storage structural material may be 907 to 1037MPa, for example 907MPa, 1028MPa or 1037MPa.
In the present invention, the elongation δ (room temperature) of the salt storage structural material may be 11 to 18.3%, for example 11%, 13% or 18.3%.
In the present invention, the corrosion resistance rate of the salt storage structural material is not higher than 440 μm/year, preferably 290-440 μm/year, such as 297.6 μm/year, 357.9 μm/year or 435.5 μm/year. In the present invention, "μm/year" means "microns/year".
In the invention, al refers to element aluminum, cr refers to element chromium, ni refers to element nickel, mn refers to element manganese, N refers to element nitrogen, nb refers to element niobium, and Fe refers to element iron.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the salt storage structural material, which mainly comprises the following steps: the salt storage structural material is prepared by proportioning the chemical components and the mass percentages thereof, smelting, casting, heating, hot rolling and solid solution.
In the invention, the chemical components and the mass percentages of the raw materials are as described above. Wherein N is added in the form of nitrogen, and other elements are added in the form of simple substances.
In the present invention, the smelting may be performed in a manner conventional in the art, and preferably, it is placed in a vacuum induction melting furnace to be smelted into alloy water.
In the present invention, the smelting power may be 8-12kW, preferably 10kW.
In the present invention, the smelting power may be constant power. The use of constant power ensures tissue homogenization.
In the present invention, the smelting time may be 5 to 15 minutes, preferably 10 minutes.
In the present invention, the post-casting operation may further include cooling.
In the invention, the operation of removing the surface oxide skin can be performed before heating.
In the present invention, the heating may be performed in a box-type electric heating furnace.
In the present invention, the initial temperature of the heating may be room temperature. The room temperature may be a room temperature as conventionally understood in the art, typically 15-30 ℃.
In the present invention, the heat-retaining temperature of the heating may be 1100-1300 ℃, preferably 1200 ℃.
In the heating process, the heating rate for heating to the heat preservation temperature can be 5-10 ℃/min, and is preferably 9.8 ℃/min.
In the heating process, the heat preservation time can be 15-25min, preferably 20min.
In the invention, the heating can also comprise hot-pressing cogging and air cooling operations.
In the present invention, the hot rolling may be performed in a two-roll mill.
In the present invention, the initial rolling temperature of the hot rolling may be 1100 to 1300 ℃, preferably 1200 ℃. The hot rolling is a process of hot-rolling a cast slab formed by smelting into a stainless steel plate, and the above temperature can sufficiently soften the cast slab.
In the invention, the final rolling temperature of the hot rolling can be more than or equal to 900 ℃. In the invention, the whole rolling process is completed in a complete austenitizing temperature region; meanwhile, the carbide or nitride precipitated at the final stage of rolling can be dissolved at a higher final rolling temperature, so that the steel is ensured to have good comprehensive performance.
In the present invention, it is preferable that the total deformation amount of the hot rolling is controlled to 55 to 65%, preferably 60%.
Wherein, in the hot rolling process, the deformation amount of each pass of rolling can be 2.5-3.5%, and is preferably 3%.
In the hot rolling process, the furnace is returned to keep the temperature for 3-7min, preferably 5min after each pass of rolling is completed.
In the present invention, the temperature of the solid solution may be 900 to 1100 ℃, preferably 1050 ℃. The purpose of the solution heat treatment is to heat the alloy to a high temperature single phase region and keep the same temperature, so that the intermediate phase is fully dissolved into the solid solution and then is rapidly cooled to obtain a saturated solid solution, thereby improving the corrosion resistance of the stainless steel and improving the plasticity and toughness of the stainless steel.
In the present invention, the solid solution time may be 20 to 40 minutes, preferably 30 minutes.
In the invention, the solid solution treatment can also comprise water cooling operation.
The invention also provides application of the salt storage structural material in the salt storage structural material for photo-thermal power generation.
In the invention, in the salt storage structural material, salt can be nitrate or chloride.
On the basis of conforming to the common knowledge in the field, the above preferred conditions can be arbitrarily combined to obtain the preferred examples of the invention.
The reagents and materials used in the present invention are commercially available.
The invention has the positive progress effects that:
Because the corrosion of the alloy in the chloride is mainly represented by the selective dissolution of Cr, the invention can form the equal proportion reduction of the Cr content when adding the Al content, and on one hand, the formed Al 2O3 protective film can inhibit the dissolution of Cr in the alloy; on the other hand, the content of Cr is reduced, the concentration gradient formed by Cr in the alloy corrosion process is reduced, and the dissolution of Cr is delayed.
According to the invention, a novel steel grade of a martensitic matrix is obtained through adjustment of the process, and Al element tends to be deposited on the surface of stainless steel, so that a compact Al 2O3 protective film is rapidly formed in the contact process with high-temperature molten salt rather than being dissolved in the matrix when the novel steel grade is used, and on one hand, the novel steel grade has excellent corrosion resistance in high-temperature chloride and has better corrosion resistance than austenitic stainless steel TP347H widely applied; on the other hand, the segregation possibility of Al element in the phase body is reduced, and the comprehensive mechanical property of the material is ensured.
The salt storage structural material has higher strength and hardness and better toughness on the basis of improving the corrosion resistance, ensures the feasibility of casting and hot rolling treatment, ensures the comprehensive mechanical property of the material, and provides a beneficial reference for casting, hot rolling and solid solution of the salt storage structural material with the height Wen Lvyan; meanwhile, the application scene of the martensitic steel is widened, and the martensitic steel can be used as a flat material of austenitic stainless steel in other fields.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a metallographic structure of the austenitic base steel TP347H of comparative example 1.
FIG. 2 shows the metallographic structure of the salt-storage structural material containing 1.5% Al obtained in example 1.
FIG. 3 shows the metallographic structure of the salt storage structural material containing 2% Al prepared in example 2.
FIG. 4 shows the metallographic structure of the salt storage structural material containing 2.5% Al obtained in example 3.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by means of the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The experimental methods, in which specific conditions are not noted in the following examples, were selected according to conventional methods and conditions, or according to the commercial specifications.
Example 1
The experimental formula comprises the following components in percentage by mass: al:1.5%, cr:9.75%, ni:11.5%, mn:1.18%, si:0.5%, C:0.07%, P:0.025%, N:0.025%, S:0.004%, nb:0.7%, the balance being Fe.
Preparing materials according to the optimized alloy components, smelting and hot rolling. Smelting by adopting a vacuum induction smelting furnace, heating by adopting a box-type electric heating furnace and hot rolling by adopting a two-roll mill. Specifically:
In order to prevent alloy bridging in the smelting process, the weighed alloy is filled into a vacuum induction smelting furnace according to the respective volumes in sequence of big and small, a power supply power rotary button is regulated to heat, and nitrogen is introduced into the furnace after furnace burden is completely melted, so that the pressure in the induction furnace is kept at 2000-4000Pa. In order to ensure tissue homogenization, the constant power is 10kW, the alloy is kept for 10min, and then the alloy is cast to a model in a nitrogen environment and cooled along with the furnace.
Grinding off oxide skin on the surface of the cast ingot, putting the cast ingot into a box-type electric heating furnace, heating the cast ingot from room temperature to 1200 ℃ for 120min, preserving heat at 1200 ℃ for 20min, and cogging the cast ingot for hot rolling. The initial rolling temperature is 1200 ℃, the final rolling temperature is more than or equal to 900 ℃, the total deformation is 60%, the rolling deformation of each pass is 3%, and the furnace is returned to keep the temperature for 5min after each pass is finished. The hot rolled sample was subjected to solution treatment: heating to 1050 ℃, preserving heat for 30min, and water-cooling.
The measured solid solution state room temperature mechanical properties of the alloy hot rolled plate with the aluminum content of 1.5 percent are as follows: yield strength σ 0.2 =522 MPa, tensile strength σ b =907 MPa, elongation δ=18.3%.
Example 2
The experimental formula comprises the following components in percentage by mass: al:2%, cr:7%, ni:11.5%, mn:1.18%, si:0.5%, C:0.07%, P:0.025%, N:0.025%, S:0.004%, nb:0.7%, the balance being Fe.
Preparing materials according to the optimized alloy components, smelting and hot rolling. Smelting by adopting a vacuum induction smelting furnace, heating by adopting a box-type electric heating furnace and hot rolling by adopting a two-roll mill. Specifically:
The weighed alloy is put into a vacuum induction melting furnace according to a certain sequence, a power supply power rotating button is regulated to heat, and after furnace burden is completely melted, the alloy is cast into a model after being alloyed for 10min for ensuring the homogenization of the structure and the constant power, and the alloy is cooled along with the furnace. Grinding off oxide skin on the surface of the cast ingot, putting the cast ingot into a box-type electric heating furnace, heating the cast ingot from room temperature to 1200 ℃ for 120min, preserving the heat at 1200 ℃ for 20min, and cogging the cast ingot for hot rolling. The initial rolling temperature is 1200 ℃, the final rolling temperature is more than or equal to 900 ℃, the total deformation is 60%, the rolling deformation of each pass is 3%, and the furnace is returned to keep the temperature for 5min after each pass is finished. The hot rolled sample was subjected to solution treatment: heating to 1050 ℃, preserving heat for 30min, and water-cooling.
The measured solid solution state room temperature mechanical properties of the alloy hot rolled plate with the aluminum content of 2 percent are as follows: yield strength σ 0.2 =717 MPa, tensile strength σ b =1028 MPa, elongation δ=13%.
Example 3
The experimental formula comprises the following components in percentage by mass: al:2.5%, cr:4.25%, ni:11.5%, mn:1.18%, si:0.5%, C:0.07%, P:0.025%, N:0.025%, S:0.004%, nb:0.7%, the balance being Fe.
Preparing materials according to the optimized alloy components, smelting and hot rolling. Smelting by adopting a vacuum induction smelting furnace, heating by adopting a box-type electric heating furnace and hot rolling by adopting a two-roll mill. Specifically:
The weighed alloy is put into a vacuum induction melting furnace according to a certain sequence, a power supply power rotating button is regulated to heat, and after furnace burden is completely melted, the alloy is cast into a model after being alloyed for 10min for ensuring the homogenization of the structure and the constant power, and the alloy is cooled along with the furnace. Grinding off oxide skin on the surface of the cast ingot, putting the cast ingot into a box-type electric heating furnace, heating the cast ingot from room temperature to 1200 ℃ for 120min, preserving the heat at 1200 ℃ for 20min, and cogging the cast ingot for hot rolling. The initial rolling temperature is 1200 ℃, the final rolling temperature is more than or equal to 900 ℃, the total deformation is 60%, the rolling deformation of each pass is 3%, and the furnace is returned to keep the temperature for 5min after each pass is finished. The hot rolled sample was subjected to solution treatment: heating to 1050 ℃, preserving heat for 30min, and water-cooling.
The measured solid solution state room temperature mechanical properties of the alloy hot rolled plate with the aluminum content of 2.5 percent are as follows: yield strength σ 0.2 =723 MPa, tensile strength σ b =1037 MPa, elongation δ=11%.
Comparative example 1
Commercial austenitic base steel TP347H (GB/T4238-2015 standard).
Effect example 1 microstructure
The salt-storing structural materials obtained in examples 1 to 3 and the commercial austenitic base steel TP347H of comparative example 1 were processed into metallographic specimens, which were subjected to metallographic etching with CuCl 2(1.5g)+HCl(33ml)+H2 O (33 ml) for a period of 6 to 10 seconds, and the microstructure was observed with a metallographic microscope.
The invention is based on austenitic matrix steel TP347H (microstructure is shown in figure 1), and the content of other alloy elements is adjusted by adding Al, so that the salt storage structural material is obtained after component optimization (microstructure is shown in figures 2-4). As can be seen from fig. 2 to 4, the stainless steel obtained in examples 1 to 3 is a martensitic matrix, specifically, plate-like martensite, which has higher strength and hardness and better toughness. Therefore, the salt storage structural material of the invention not only ensures the feasibility of casting and hot rolling treatment, but also ensures the comprehensive mechanical property of the material.
Effect example 2 mechanical properties
The hot rolling mechanical properties of the salt storage structural material (examples 1-3) prepared by the invention and the national standard austenitic matrix steel (comparative example 1) are compared as follows:
The tensile test is tested according to national standard GB/T_228-2010: a plate-shaped tensile sample is taken and carried out on an Shimadzu AT10t tester, the maximum load is 10t, and the tensile rate is 1mm/min. 3 workpieces are tested for each component, a load displacement curve is measured, corresponding stress and strain values are calculated according to load displacement curve data, and an average value of the stress and strain values is calculated. The results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
It can be seen from table 1 that the comprehensive mechanical properties of the salt storage structural material of the invention are not significantly reduced on the premise of being feasible in casting and hot rolling processes.
These performance indexes are all carried out strictly according to the national standards.
Effect example 3 corrosion resistance
The corrosion properties of the salt storage structural materials (examples 1-3) and comparative example 1 prepared by the invention are as follows:
the corrosion experiment is carried out in a muffle furnace of 1200X of the synthetic fertilizer, the corrosion environment is an atmospheric environment, the corrosion temperature is 650 ℃, and the corrosion time is 500h. Setting 3 parallel samples for each component, and calculating the corrosion rate of each component sample according to the mass loss before and after corrosion; the results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2
| Corrosion Rate (μm/year) | |
| Comparative example 1 (solid solution state) | 500.2 |
| Example 1 (1.5% Al content) | 435.5 |
| Example 2 (2% Al content) | 357.9 |
| Example 3 (2.5% Al content) | 297.6 |
As can be seen from the data in table 2, the corrosion rate of the salt storage structural material prepared by the method is improved by more than 14%, and the corrosion resistance is obviously improved even by more than 40% for the example 3.
Claims (10)
1. The salt storage structural material is characterized by comprising the following chemical components in percentage by mass: al:1.3 to 2.7 percent, cr:4-10%, ni:11-13%, mn:1.1-1.3%, N:0.020-0.027%, nb:0.5-0.9%, and the balance being Fe; the salt storage structural material is of a martensitic structure.
2. The salt storage structural material according to claim 1, wherein the Al content is 1.5-2.5%;
And/or, the Cr content is 4.25-9.75%;
and/or the Ni content is 11-12%;
and/or the Mn content is 1.1-1.2%;
And/or, the content of N is 0.023-0.026%;
and/or the Nb content is 0.6-0.8%;
and/or the salt storage structural material further comprises one or more of Si, C, P and S.
3. The salt storage structural material according to claim 2, wherein the Si content is 0.5-0.7%;
and/or, the content of C is 0.07-0.09%;
And/or the content of P is 0.020-0.027%;
And/or the S content is 0.002-0.010%.
4. The salt storage structural material of claim 1, wherein the salt storage structural material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: al:1.5-2.5%, cr:4.25-9.75%, ni:11.5%, mn:1.18%, si:0.5%, C:0.07%, P:0.025%, N:0.025%, S:0.004%, nb:0.7%, the balance being Fe;
or the chemical components of the salt storage structural material and the mass percentages thereof comprise: al:1.5%, cr:9.75%, ni:11.5%, mn:1.18%, si:0.5%, C:0.07%, P:0.025%, N:0.025%, S:0.004%, nb:0.7%, the balance being Fe;
Or the chemical components of the salt storage structural material and the mass percentages thereof comprise: al:2.0%, cr:7.0%, ni:11.5%, mn:1.18%, si:0.5%, C:0.07%, P:0.025%, N:0.025%, S:0.004%, nb:0.7%, the balance being Fe;
Or the chemical components of the salt storage structural material and the mass percentages thereof comprise: al:2.5%, cr:4.25%, ni:11.5%, mn:1.18%, si:0.5%, C:0.07%, P:0.025%, N:0.025%, S:0.004%, nb:0.7%, the balance being Fe.
5. The salt storage structural material of claim 1, wherein the yield strength σ 0.2 of the salt storage structural material is 522-723MPa;
and/or the tensile strength sigma b of the salt storage structural material is 907-1037MPa;
and/or the elongation delta of the salt storage structural material is 11-18.3%;
and/or the corrosion resistance rate of the salt storage structural material is not higher than 440 mu m/year, preferably 290-440 mu m/year.
6. The preparation method of the salt storage structural material is characterized by mainly comprising the following steps of: the salt storage structural material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is prepared by proportioning, smelting, casting, heating, hot rolling and solid solution.
7. The method for producing a salt storage structural material according to claim 6, wherein the smelting power is 8 to 12kW;
and/or the smelted power is constant power;
And/or the smelting time is 5-15min;
and/or, the post-casting further comprises a cooling operation;
And/or, the surface oxide skin is removed before heating;
and/or, the initial temperature of heating is room temperature;
and/or, the heated heat preservation temperature is 1100-1300 ℃;
and/or, in the heating process, the heating rate of the heat-preserving temperature is 5-10 ℃/min;
And/or, in the heating process, the heat preservation time is 15-25min;
and/or the heating step further comprises hot-pressing cogging and air cooling.
8. The method of producing a salt storage structural material according to claim 6, wherein the initial rolling temperature of the hot rolling is 1100 to 1300 ℃;
And/or, the final rolling temperature of the hot rolling is more than or equal to 900 ℃;
And/or, controlling the total deformation of the hot rolling to 55-65%; in the hot rolling process, the deformation of each pass of rolling is preferably 2.5-3.5%; the furnace return heat preservation time is preferably 3-7min after each pass of rolling is completed;
and/or, the solid solution temperature is 900-1100 ℃;
and/or the solid solution time is 20-40min;
and/or the solid solution treatment further comprises water cooling operation.
9. Use of the salt storage structural material according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in a salt storage structural material for photo-thermal power generation.
10. The use according to claim 9, wherein in the salt storage structure material the salt is nitrate or chloride.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410094325.4A CN118147540A (en) | 2024-01-23 | 2024-01-23 | Salt storage structural material and preparation method and application thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410094325.4A CN118147540A (en) | 2024-01-23 | 2024-01-23 | Salt storage structural material and preparation method and application thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN118147540A true CN118147540A (en) | 2024-06-07 |
Family
ID=91300549
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410094325.4A Pending CN118147540A (en) | 2024-01-23 | 2024-01-23 | Salt storage structural material and preparation method and application thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN118147540A (en) |
-
2024
- 2024-01-23 CN CN202410094325.4A patent/CN118147540A/en active Pending
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN107653421B (en) | Seawater corrosion resistant ultrahigh-strength maraging stainless steel | |
| CN115141984B (en) | High-entropy austenitic stainless steel and preparation method thereof | |
| CN111172446B (en) | Strong corrosion-resistant non-equal atomic ratio high-entropy alloy and preparation method thereof | |
| CN109136653B (en) | Nickel-based alloy for nuclear power equipment and manufacturing method of hot rolled plate of nickel-based alloy | |
| CA2773708C (en) | Method for production of an iron-chromium alloy | |
| CN101195880B (en) | Zirconium alloy composition having excellent corrosion resistance for nuclear applications and method of preparing the same | |
| CN113430455B (en) | High-strength austenitic stainless steel resistant to liquid lead and bismuth corrosion and preparation method thereof | |
| US8197748B2 (en) | Corrosion resistant structural alloy for electrolytic reduction equipment for spent nuclear fuel | |
| CN110408850B (en) | Nano intermetallic compound precipitation strengthened super steel and preparation method thereof | |
| CN110066969B (en) | High-corrosion-resistance high-aluminum-content low-density steel and preparation method thereof | |
| CN113046654B (en) | High-plasticity high-strength high-corrosion-resistance stainless steel and preparation method thereof | |
| CN112646957B (en) | Pretreatment method for improving lead and bismuth corrosion resistance of ferrite-martensite steel | |
| CN112941414B (en) | High-strength and high-toughness stainless steel for clockwork spring and preparation method thereof | |
| CN114231765B (en) | Preparation method and application of high-temperature alloy bar | |
| CN113881830B (en) | Method for improving intergranular corrosion resistance of super austenitic stainless steel | |
| CN114717487A (en) | 2700 MPa-grade high-ductility high-corrosion-resistance maraging stainless steel and preparation method thereof | |
| CN115074598A (en) | Multi-principal-element alloy with high damping performance and high strength and preparation process thereof | |
| CN114517276A (en) | Ultra-low carbon high-performance maraging stainless steel and preparation method thereof | |
| CN112877610B (en) | Pitting-resistant multi-component precipitation hardening stainless steel and heat treatment process thereof | |
| CN110983163A (en) | Method for improving two-way shape memory effect of multi-element iron-based shape memory alloy | |
| CN113699464A (en) | Ultra-high-strength high-performance sheet maraging stainless steel and preparation method thereof | |
| CN118147540A (en) | Salt storage structural material and preparation method and application thereof | |
| JPS5948929B2 (en) | Manufacturing method for steel materials with high strength and excellent resistance to hydrogen-induced cracking | |
| CN114645159B (en) | High-temperature oxidation-resistant high-strength nickel-tungsten-cobalt-chromium alloy and preparation method thereof | |
| CN114959508A (en) | Stainless steel and preparation method thereof |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |