CN118146838A - Gasification furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a gasification furnace, comprising: the shell is internally provided with a containing cavity, a feed port, a slag discharging port and an exhaust port which are communicated with the containing cavity, and a first valve is arranged at the slag discharging port; the separation plate is provided with a slag hole in a penetrating way and is arranged in the accommodating cavity to divide the accommodating cavity into a gasification chamber and a chilling chamber which are communicated, the feed port is arranged in the gasification chamber, and the slag hole and the air outlet are arranged in the chilling chamber; the chilling ring is arranged in the chilling chamber and is fixedly connected with the partition plate; the descending pipe is connected with one side of the chilling ring, which faces the axis of the descending pipe, and the descending pipe is surrounded with the chilling ring to form a water storage cavity, a closed overflow port is formed in the circumferential direction of the descending pipe, and a slag port is covered on the descending pipe; the shielding ring is arranged in the descending tube and fixedly connected with the partition plate, and the shielding ring is covered with a slag hole and is in clearance fit with the descending tube; the positioning blocks are clamped between the shielding ring and the down tube at intervals; the water inlet pipe penetrates through the chilling ring at one side of the overflow port, which is away from the partition plate, and is communicated with the water storage cavity; the ascending pipe is sleeved with the descending pipe, and a gap is kept between the ascending pipe and the descending pipe.

Description

Gasification furnace

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of coal gasification, in particular to a gasification furnace.

Background

Coal gasification technology is located at the tap position of coal chemical industry, and currently, entrained flow gasification technology is the main technology.

Modern entrained flow gasifiers generally consist of a gasification chamber and a chilling chamber which are communicated through a slag hole. The coal dust and the gasifying agent react in the gasifying chamber to generate high-temperature synthetic gas containing slag, and the high-temperature synthetic gas containing slag enters the chilling chamber through the slag port. In the chilling chamber, a down pipe is covered at the slag hole, a chilling ring is sleeved at one end of the down pipe close to the slag hole, and chilled water flows out of the down pipe from a space enclosed between the down pipe and the chilling ring to form a water film, so that the temperature of the synthetic gas is reduced, the slag is solidified, and the high-temperature synthetic gas is prevented from burning out the down pipe. The synthetic gas carrying ash after cooling enters the water bath at the bottom of the chilling chamber through the down tube, and then goes up in the water bath in a bubbling mode and leaves the chilling chamber along the annular gap between the down tube and the up tube sleeved with the down tube. However, if the distribution of the cooling water flowing out from the downcomer is uneven, or the high-temperature synthesis gas flows through the downcomer, the water film formed along the inner wall of the downcomer is uneven due to thermal deformation and other reasons, so that the downcomer is burnt out by the high-temperature synthesis gas in a local area lacking water film protection, and serious consequences such as shutdown of the gasifier are caused.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention provides a gasifier to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

The gasification furnace provided by the invention comprises:

The slag discharging device comprises a shell, a slag discharging hole and an exhaust port, wherein a containing cavity is arranged in the shell, a feed inlet, a slag discharging hole and the exhaust port are communicated with the containing cavity, and a first valve is arranged at the slag discharging hole;

The separation plate penetrates through the slag hole, is arranged in the accommodating cavity and divides the accommodating cavity into a gasification chamber and a chilling chamber which are communicated, the feeding hole is formed in the gasification chamber, and the slag hole and the air outlet are formed in the chilling chamber;

the chilling ring is arranged in the chilling chamber and is fixedly connected with the partition plate;

The descending pipe is connected with one side of the chilling ring, facing the axis of the descending pipe, and surrounds the chilling ring to form a water storage cavity, a closed overflow port is formed in the circumferential direction of the descending pipe, and the slag port is covered by the descending pipe;

The shielding ring is arranged in the descending pipe and fixedly connected with the partition plate, and is covered with the slag hole and in clearance fit with the descending pipe;

the positioning blocks are clamped between the shielding ring and the descending tube at intervals;

The water inlet pipe penetrates through the chilling ring at one side of the overflow port, which is away from the partition plate, and is communicated with the water storage cavity;

the ascending pipe is sleeved with the descending pipe, and a gap is kept between the ascending pipe and the descending pipe.

Optionally, a plurality of water inlet pipes are arranged at intervals, and water outlets of the water inlet pipes are respectively tangential to the inner wall of the chilling ring.

Optionally, the gasification furnace further comprises: and the spraying device is arranged in the chilling chamber and is used for spraying water flow into the downcomer.

Optionally, the spraying device is provided with multiple layers at intervals along the extending direction of the down tube.

Optionally, the gasification furnace further comprises: the cyclone separator covers one end of the rising pipe, which faces the separation plate.

Optionally, a plurality of deflectors are arranged in the cyclone separator, each deflector comprises a first deflector, a second deflector and a third deflector which are sequentially connected in a direction deviating from the separation plate, an included angle between the first deflector and the horizontal plane is larger than an included angle between the second deflector and the horizontal plane, and an included angle between the second deflector and the horizontal plane is larger than an included angle between the third deflector and the horizontal plane.

Optionally, a mounting plate is connected to one end of the quench ring facing the separation plate, and the mounting plate is connected to the separation plate.

Optionally, a reinforcing plate is arranged in the circumferential direction of the downcomer.

Optionally, an access hole is formed in the side wall of the chilling ring, and an access door is connected with the access hole in an opening-closing mode.

Optionally, a purge port is formed in the quench ring, and a second valve is installed at the purge port.

Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

By adopting the gasification furnace, water flows into the lower part of the water storage cavity enclosed between the chilling ring and the descending pipe through the water inlet pipe and flows out when the water level rises to the overflow port at the upper part, a water film is formed on the inner wall of the descending pipe, chilled water in the water storage cavity flows in a mode of entering from below and exiting from above, and a certain liquid level height is kept in the water storage cavity at any time, so that the uniformity of a water curtain generated by the overflow port is ensured; in addition, shielding ring is fixed in on the division board to a plurality of locating pieces are held to circumference interval clamp between shielding ring and downcomer, under shielding ring and locating piece's supporting role, the downcomer also can not produce radial deformation after absorbing the heat of high temperature synthetic gas, and then guarantees that the water film of downcomer inner wall keeps circumference even, and the final protection downcomer can not appear water film inhomogeneous or lack the region, avoids the downcomer to be burnt out by high temperature synthetic gas in the region that lacks the water film protection, and then avoids causing serious consequences such as gasifier shut down.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a gasification furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of the gasification furnace A shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a side view of a quench ring of the gasifier shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a top view of the quench ring shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a cyclone separator of the gasification furnace shown in FIG. 1;

figure 6 is a side perspective view of the cyclone separator of figure 5.

Reference numerals:

1: a housing; 101: a feed inlet; 102: a slag discharge port; 103: an exhaust port; 104: a gasification chamber; 105: a quench chamber; 2: a partition plate; 201: a slag hole; 3: a quench ring; 301: an annular plate; 302: a support plate; 4: a down pipe; 5: a shielding ring; 6: a positioning block; 7: a water inlet pipe; 8: a rising pipe; 9: a water storage chamber; 10: an overflow port; 11: a spraying device; 12: a cyclone separator; 1201: a deflector; 12011: a first deflector; 12012: a second deflector; 12013: a third deflector; 13: a mounting plate; 14: a reinforcing plate; 15: an access door; 16: and (5) cleaning the mouth.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description of the present invention, and are not to indicate or imply that the apparatus or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Wherein the terms "first position" and "second position" are two different positions.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a gasification furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of the gasification furnace A shown in FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is a side view of a quench ring of the gasifier shown in FIG. 1; FIG. 4 is a top perspective view of the quench ring shown in FIG. 3.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the gasification furnace comprises a shell 1, a partition plate 2, a chilling ring 3, a down pipe 4, a shielding ring 5, a plurality of positioning blocks 6, a water inlet pipe 7 and an ascending pipe 8.

The shell 1 is internally provided with a containing cavity, a feed port 101, a slag discharging port 102 and an exhaust port 103 which are communicated with the containing cavity, and a first valve is arranged at the slag discharging port 102; the separation plate 2 is provided with a slag hole 201 in a penetrating way, is arranged in the accommodating cavity, divides the accommodating cavity into a gasification chamber 104 and a chilling chamber 105 which are communicated, the feed inlet 101 is provided in the gasification chamber 104, and the slag hole 102 and the air outlet 103 are provided in the chilling chamber 105; the chilling ring 3 is arranged in the chilling chamber 105 and is fixedly connected with the partition plate 2; the descending pipe 4 is connected with one side of the chilling ring 3 facing the axis of the descending pipe, and encloses a water storage cavity 9 with the chilling ring 3, a closed overflow port 10 is formed in the circumferential direction of the descending pipe 4, and a slag port 201 is covered by the descending pipe 4; the shielding ring 5 is arranged in the down pipe 4 and connected with the partition plate 2, and the shielding ring 5 covers the slag hole 201 and is in clearance fit with the down pipe 4; a plurality of positioning blocks 6 are clamped between the shielding ring 5 and the down tube 4 at intervals; the water inlet pipe 7 penetrates through the chilling ring 3 at one side of the overflow port 10 away from the partition plate 2 and is communicated with the water storage cavity 9; the ascending pipe 8 is sleeved with the descending pipe 4, and a gap is kept between the ascending pipe and the descending pipe.

The direction indicated by the arrow in fig. 1 is the direction of migration of the synthesis gas. When the first valve is in a normally closed state, water is injected into the chilling chamber 105 to the bottom end of the liquid level submerged down pipe 4, so that the gasification chamber 104 reaches a set temperature and pressure, pulverized coal and gasifying agent are input into the gasification chamber 104 through the feed inlet 101, the pulverized coal reacts with the gasifying agent to generate high-temperature synthetic gas containing slag, and the high-temperature synthetic gas containing slag enters the chilling chamber 105 through the slag port 201. The water is injected into the water storage cavity 9 enclosed by the chilling ring 3 and the descending tube 4 through the water inlet tube 7, the water level is continuously increased, and finally flows out through the closed overflow port 10 formed in the circumferential direction of the descending tube 4, so that a uniform water film is formed in the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the descending tube 4, when high-temperature synthetic gas containing slag passes through, the temperature of the synthetic gas is reduced under the action of the low-temperature water film, and the slag is further solidified, so that the slag falls into water at the bottom of the chilling chamber 105. The cooled synthesis gas descends along the descending pipe 4, finally enters into water at the bottom of the chilling chamber 105 for water bath, then ascends in a bubbling mode in the water bath, ascends along an annular gap between the descending pipe 4 and the ascending pipe 8 sleeved with the descending pipe 4, simultaneously plays a role in cooling and protecting the descending pipe 4 in the ascending process, and finally is discharged out of the chilling chamber 105 through the air outlet 103. Meanwhile, when the high-temperature synthetic gas enters the quench chamber 105 through the slag notch 201, the descending tube 4 can absorb part of heat of the high-temperature synthetic gas at the same time to raise the temperature of the descending tube, however, as the shielding ring 5 is fixed on the partition plate 2, and a plurality of positioning blocks 6 are clamped between the shielding ring 5 and the descending tube 4 at intervals, the descending tube 4 is supported by the shielding ring 5 and the positioning blocks 6 and cannot be heated and expanded, radial deformation is generated, and a water film formed along the inner wall of the descending tube 4 can be kept uniform in the circumferential direction. In addition, the size of the positioning block 6 is small enough, although the water flow flowing out from the overflow port 10 is blocked at the positioning block 6, the water flow is recombined on the inner wall of the down pipe 4 below the positioning block 6 to form a stable water film uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the down pipe 4 after passing through the positioning block 6. The mixed slag in the synthetic gas enters the slag hole 201 and falls to the bottom of the chilling chamber 105, after the gasifier runs for a period of time, the first valve is opened, the slag accumulated at the bottom of the gasifier is discharged through the slag hole 102, and after the slag is discharged, the first valve is closed, and the gasifier is restarted.

By adopting the gasification furnace, water flows into the lower part of the water storage cavity 9 enclosed between the chilling ring 3 and the descending pipe 4 through the water inlet pipe 7 and flows out when the water level rises to the overflow port 10 at the upper part, a water film is formed on the inner wall of the descending pipe 4, chilled water in the water storage cavity 9 flows in a mode of entering from bottom to top, and a certain liquid level height is kept in the water storage cavity 9 at any time, so that the water curtain generated by the overflow port 10 is ensured to be uniform; in addition, shielding ring 5 is fixed in on division board 2 to a plurality of locating pieces 6 are held to circumference interval between shielding ring 5 and downcomer 4, under shielding ring 5 and locating piece 6's supporting role, downcomer 4 also can not produce radial deformation after absorbing the heat of high temperature synthetic gas, and then guarantee that the water film of downcomer 4 inner wall keeps circumference even, and the inhomogeneous or the region that lacks of water film can not appear in final protection downcomer 4, avoid downcomer 4 to burn out by high temperature synthetic gas in the region that lacks the water film protection, and then avoid causing serious consequences such as gasifier shut down.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the partition plate 2 is a horizontal plate, and is inclined downward toward the downcomer 4 near the junction of the inner wall of the shell 1, a slag hole 201 is formed in the middle, and the circumference of the partition plate 2 is fixedly connected to the circumference of the inner wall of the shell 1, so as to divide the receiving cavity into an upper gasification chamber 104 and a lower quench chamber 105. The top of the gasification chamber 104 is provided with a feed inlet 101, the bottom of the chilling chamber 105 is provided with a slag discharge port 102, the slag discharge port 102 is provided with a first valve to be opened when slag discharge is needed, the gasification chamber is closed when the gasification furnace is in normal operation, and the upper part of the side wall of the chilling chamber 105 is provided with an exhaust port 103. The chilling ring 3 comprises an annular plate 301 and a supporting plate 302 extending from one end of the annular plate 301 to the axis direction of the annular plate, the descending tube 4 is a hollow circular tube, the outer wall of the descending tube 4 is connected with the free end of the supporting plate 302 in the circumferential direction, the free end of the annular plate 301, namely, one end of the annular plate 301 which is not connected with the supporting plate 302 is fixedly connected with the partition plate 2, the descending tube 4, the supporting plate 302 and the annular plate 301 jointly enclose a water storage cavity 9, and the section of the water storage cavity 9 along the axial direction of the descending tube 4 is rectangular. In this embodiment, the top end of the down tube 4 is circumferentially spaced from the partition plate 2 to form an overflow port 10, the water inlet pipe 7 penetrates through the lower end of the annular plate 301, so that after water is injected into the water storage cavity 9, the water level rises to the top end overflow port 10, and continuously and stably flows out through the overflow port 10, and a water film with uniform and stable thickness of 1-10mm is formed circumferentially on the inner wall of the down tube 4. The chilling ring 3 is arranged on the circumference of the down tube 4, and the inner wall of the down tube 4 is provided with a continuous stable water film, so that the temperature of the down tube 4 is lower, and therefore, the high-temperature corrosion of the high-temperature synthetic gas to the chilling ring 3 can be well blocked, and the chilling ring 3 is protected from being damaged by high temperature. The shielding ring 5 is fixedly connected with the partition plate 2 in the descending pipe 4 and circumferentially keeps a certain distance from the inner wall of the descending pipe 4, and the plurality of positioning blocks 6 are uniformly distributed in the annular space between the shielding ring 5 and the descending pipe 4 along the circumferential direction and clamped between the shielding ring and the descending pipe 4. The ascending pipe 8 is also a hollow cylinder, the descending pipe 4 is sleeved, the descending pipe 4 is suspended in the chilling chamber 105 by supporting pieces such as bolts and nuts, a certain distance is kept between the descending pipe 8 and the descending pipe 4, and the distance between the lower end of the ascending pipe 8 and the partition plate 2 is larger than the distance between the lower end of the descending pipe 4 and the partition plate 2, so that most of the synthetic gas in the descending pipe 4 enters an annular gap between the ascending pipe 8 and the descending pipe 4 after entering the bottom water bath, and the descending pipe 4 is cooled in the ascending process. Moreover, the shell 1, the quench ring 3, the downcomer 4, the shield ring 5, the riser 8 and the slag notch 201 are all coaxially arranged. In this embodiment the distance between the down pipe 4 and the partition plate 2 is 10mm, i.e. the height of the overflow 10 is 10mm, the distance between the down pipe 4 and the shielding ring 5 is 15mm, and the distance between the up pipe 8 and the down pipe 4 is 100-200mm. According to practical application, the specific dimensions of the shell 1, the chilling ring 3, the downcomers 4, the shielding rings 5 and the ascending pipes 8 can be adjusted, the number of the water inlet pipes 7 can be adjusted, for example, 2, 4 and the like, and the number of the positioning blocks 6 can be adjusted, for example, 12, 24 and the like.

Optionally, a plurality of water inlet pipes 7 are arranged at intervals, and water outlets of the plurality of water inlet pipes 7 are respectively tangential to the inner wall of the chilling ring 3. By the arrangement, water flowing into the water storage cavity 9 through the water inlet pipe 7 enters tangentially along the inner wall of the chilling ring 3, the water inlet speed can be increased by tangential water inlet, the uniform distribution of the water flowing into the water storage cavity 9 is enhanced, the water flowing into the water storage cavity 9 is disturbed, fine ash particles entrained in the water are prevented from settling in the water storage cavity 9, the water storage cavity 9 is ensured to be clean, and the overflow port 10 on the downcomer 4 is prevented from being damaged due to reasons such as particle blockage, scouring, abrasion and the like, so that a water film which is uniform and stable in the circumferential direction cannot be formed on the inner wall of the downcomer 4 by the water flowing down through the overflow port 10.

As shown in fig. 1 and 4, in the present embodiment, two water inlet pipes 7 are provided in total, penetrating through the quench ring 3 on the left and right sides of the quench ring 3, respectively, and water inlets of the water inlet pipes 7 are provided tangentially to the inner wall of the quench ring 3, respectively. According to the actual application, the number of the water inlet pipes 7 can be adjusted, and the specific position of the through chilling ring 3 can also be adjusted.

Optionally, the gasifier further comprises a spray device 11, the spray device 11 being arranged in the quench chamber 105 for injecting a water flow into the downcomer 4. The high-temperature synthetic gas containing slag generated in the gasification chamber 104 enters the quenching chamber 105 through the slag hole 201, the temperature gradient of the synthetic gas is the largest within a distance, which is close to the slag hole 201, in the quenching chamber 105, the heat exchange load between the synthetic gas and the water film on the inner wall of the downcomer 4 is the most intense, the evaporation capacity of the chilled water is the largest, the chilled water film is easy to break, the downcomer 4 is easy to burn out at the part, the spraying device 11 is arranged in the range, and water flow is sprayed into the downcomer 4, so that the effects of cooling the synthetic gas and supplementing the water film are achieved, the problem of local dry burning caused by evaporation or uneven distribution of the water film in the severe heat exchange area of the synthetic gas and the water film is solved, and the downcomer 4 is better protected.

As shown in FIG. 1, in this embodiment, a spray device 11 is disposed below the quench ring 3, extending through the downcomer 4, and injecting a water stream into the downcomer 4. The spraying device 11 may be formed by any structure, so long as the water flow can be sprayed into the downpipe 4 to supplement the water film, for example, the spraying device 11 may be formed by a water pipe and a nozzle, the water pipe penetrates through the downpipe 4 and circumferentially surrounds the inner wall of the downpipe 4, a plurality of nozzles are connected to the water pipe at intervals, and the water flow is sprayed into the downpipe 4 by the plurality of nozzles at the same time, so that the water film on the inner wall of the downpipe 4 is uniform. The water delivery pipe can also be arranged circumferentially not around the inner wall of the downcomer 4, but only extends a distance along the inner wall of the downcomer 4, and the circumferential water film of the downcomer 4 is supplemented by virtue of the extension of a plurality of water delivery pipes in the downcomer 4 and the nozzles connected to the water delivery pipes. In order to make the water film around the inner wall of the down pipe 4 more stable and uniform, the water sprayed from the spraying device 11 may be atomized, for example, the nozzle is an atomized water nozzle.

Optionally, the spraying devices 11 are provided with multiple layers at intervals along the extension direction of the downcomers 4. By the arrangement, the flowing high-temperature synthetic gas can be further cooled, and a water film is further supplemented.

The number of layers of the spraying devices 11 arranged along the length direction of the down pipe 4 can be adjusted, for example, 1-4 layers can be arranged, the distance between the uppermost layer of spraying devices 11 and the slag notch 201 is 0.5m-2m, and the interval between every two adjacent layers of spraying devices 11 is 0.5m-1.5m. Each layer can be provided with a group of spraying devices 11, the spraying devices 11 are provided with 1-20 spraying devices along the circumference of the inner wall of the down tube 4, and a plurality of groups of spraying devices 11 can be arranged on the same layer, each group of spraying devices 11 is provided with a plurality of spraying devices at intervals, so that each group of spraying devices 11 face to different directions of the inner wall of the down tube 4, and finally, the water flow is sprayed out from the circumference of the inner wall of the down tube 4 to form a water film with stable and uniform thickness.

Optionally, the gasifier further comprises a cyclone 12, the cyclone 12 housing an end of the riser pipe 8 facing the partition plate 2. The synthesis gas after the water bath is possibly mixed with a small amount of liquid drops and solid particles, the synthesis gas rising along the annular gap between the rising pipe 8 and the falling pipe 4 after the water bath enters the cyclone separator 12, the liquid drops and the solid particles in the synthesis gas are separated under the action of the cyclone separator 12 and fall into the water bath at the bottom of the chilling chamber 105, and the separated synthesis gas is discharged into the space between the rising pipe 8 and the inner wall of the shell 1 and finally discharged to downstream equipment through the exhaust port 103.

The cyclone 12 is well known in the art and the specific operation thereof will not be described in detail herein. In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the cyclone separator 12 is covered with a riser pipe 8 above the riser pipe 8, the upper part is connected with the downcomer pipe 4 in a circumferential sealing manner, the lower part is sleeved with the riser pipe 8 and extends for a certain distance along the extending direction of the riser pipe 8, and the upper part of the cyclone separator 12 is a hollow cone, and the lower part is a hollow cylinder.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a cyclone separator of the gasification furnace shown in FIG. 1; figure 6 is a side perspective view of the cyclone separator of figure 5. As shown in fig. 5 and 6, optionally, a plurality of baffles 1201 are disposed in the cyclone separator 12, each baffle 1201 includes a first baffle 12011, a second baffle 12012 and a third baffle 12013 connected in sequence in a direction away from the partition plate 2, and an included angle between the first baffle 12011 and a horizontal plane is larger than an included angle between the second baffle 12012 and the horizontal plane, and an included angle between the second baffle 12012 and the horizontal plane is larger than an included angle between the third baffle 12013 and the horizontal plane. The first deflector 12011, the second deflector 12012 and the third deflector 12013 are installed in steps at different angles, so that liquid drops and ash residues entrained in the synthesis gas can be better separated, and the burden is reduced for the operation of a downstream gasification device and a whole gasification device.

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, in the present embodiment, the baffle 1201 is disposed in a space between the circumferential side wall of the riser pipe 8 and the annular inner wall of the cyclone 12, and opposite sides of the baffle 1201 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the riser pipe 8 and the inner wall of the cyclone 12, respectively. In fig. 6, the upper end is a first baffle 12011, the middle is a second baffle 12012, the lower end is a third baffle 12013, and the first baffle 12011, the second baffle 12012 and the third baffle 12013 are all made of flat steel plates and are all perpendicular to the outer wall of the riser 8 and the inner wall of the cyclone separator 12 at the joint. In this embodiment, the angle between the first baffle 12011 and the horizontal plane is 60 °, the angle between the second baffle 12012 and the horizontal plane is 45 °, the angle between the third baffle 12013 and the horizontal plane is 30 °, and the angle between the baffle 1201 and the horizontal plane tends to decrease in the direction away from the partition plate 2. The number of the baffles 1201 can be adjusted according to the removal condition of liquid drops and solid particles in the synthesis gas, for example, 1-100 baffles are arranged, the baffles are distributed at intervals along an annular area between the riser pipe 8 and the cyclone separator 12, correspondingly, 1-100 dehydration channels are formed, the synthesis gas enters the cyclone separator 12 from the riser pipe 8 from bottom to top, the synthesis gas flows from top to bottom in the cyclone separator 12, when flowing through the baffles 1201, the liquid drops and the solid particles in the synthesis gas are intercepted by the baffles 1201 and fall into a water bath at the lower end of the chilling chamber 105 along the baffles 1201, and the synthesis gas overflows into the chilling chamber 105 and is discharged through the exhaust port 103. The distance between adjacent deflectors 1201 may be equal or unequal, and in this embodiment, the deflectors 1201 are arranged in unequal intervals, and the distance between the deflectors 1201 is respectively 50mm-800mm unequal, so that the unequal-interval arrangement mode has a better effect on separation of liquid drops in the synthesis gas compared with the equal-interval arrangement mode. In addition, the flow-through mode of the synthesis gas in the cyclone separator 12 from top to bottom can reduce the adhesion and blockage of solid particles such as dust to the cyclone separator 12, and can prolong the service life of the cyclone separator 12. According to practical application, the specific angles between the first deflector 12011, the second deflector 12012 and the third deflector 12013 and the horizontal plane can be adjusted, so long as the angle between the first deflector 12011 and the horizontal plane is ensured to be larger than the angle between the second deflector 12012 and the horizontal plane, and the angle between the second deflector 12012 and the horizontal plane is larger than the angle between the third deflector 12013 and the horizontal plane, and after the synthesis gas flows through the cyclone separator 12, under the action of the deflector 1201, the doped liquid drops and the doped solid particles can be effectively separated.

Optionally, a mounting plate 13 is connected to the end of the quench ring 3 facing the separation plate 2, the mounting plate 13 being connected to the separation plate 2. The mounting plate 13 is arranged and is connected with the partition plate 2 by virtue of the mounting plate 13, so that the contact area between the chilling ring 3 and the partition plate 2 is increased, and the connection stability between the chilling ring 3 and the partition plate 2 is improved.

As shown in fig. 2 to 4, in the present embodiment, the mounting plate 13 is provided in a circular shape, is fixed to an end portion of the quench ring 3 facing the partition plate 2, extends a distance in the axial direction of the downcomer 4, is provided coaxially with the downcomer 4, and covers the water storage chamber 9 surrounded by the downcomer 4 and the quench ring 3. In FIG. 2, the lower surface of the mounting plate 13 is connected to the upper end surface of the quench ring 3, and the upper surface of the mounting plate 13 is connected to the partition plate 2. The specific shape and size of the mounting plate 13 and the specific connection mode between the chilling ring 3 and the partition plate 2 can be adjusted according to the practical application.

Optionally, the downcomer 4 is circumferentially provided with reinforcing plates 14. The reinforcing plate 14 can increase the strength of the downcomer 4 and further prevent the downcomer 4 from deforming, thereby ensuring the stability and uniformity of the water film on the inner wall of the downcomer 4.

As shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the end of the downcomer 4 facing one end of the separation plate 2 extends a round reinforcing plate 14 away from the axial center thereof, and the reinforcing plate 14 is annular and extends to about one half of the interval between the downcomer 4 and the quench ring 3. The specific arrangement position of the reinforcing plate 14 on the downcomer 4 can be adjusted, and the specific shape and size can be adjusted, according to the actual application.

Optionally, a manhole is formed on the side wall of the chilling ring 3, and an access door 15 is connected with the manhole in an opening and closing manner. In this arrangement, the access door 15 can be opened, and the inside of the water storage cavity 9 surrounded by the quench ring 3 and the down tube 4 is cleaned through the access hole.

As shown in fig. 3, in this embodiment, a plurality of access holes are formed in the circumferential side wall of the quench ring 3, an access door 15 is disposed at each access hole and hinged to one side of the access hole, so as to seal and release the access hole, and sealing strips may be disposed in the circumferential direction of the access hole or the access door 15 for further sealing, so as to prevent water in the water storage cavity 9 from overflowing through a gap between the access hole and the access door 15. The shape and size of the access hole and the specific opening position on the chilling ring 3 can be adjusted according to the actual application condition.

Optionally, a purge port is formed in the quench ring 3, and a second valve is installed at the purge port. The quenching water injected into the water storage cavity 9 generally contains some muddy substances, the substances flow along with the quenching water during normal operation, problems are not easy to occur, the muddy substances can be precipitated and scaled in the water storage cavity 9 after the gasification furnace is stopped, if the muddy substances are not cleaned, the scale sheet flows along with the quenching water during the next driving operation, the overflow port 10 is easy to be blocked, a discontinuous water curtain is formed, the part of the downcomer 4 which lacks water curtain protection is easy to deform and damage at high temperature, serious consequences are caused, a drain port is arranged, after the gasification furnace is operated for a period of time, or when the gasification furnace is stopped and overhauled, the second valve is opened, so that the muddy substances accumulated in the water storage cavity 9 are discharged through the drain port, and the normal operation of the gasification furnace is not influenced.

As shown in FIG. 3, in the present embodiment, a purge port is provided at the bottom of the quench ring 3 to facilitate smooth discharge of accumulated debris within the water storage chamber 9. The number of the exhaust ports and the specific opening positions on the chilling ring 3 can be adjusted.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A gasification furnace, comprising:

The slag discharging device comprises a shell, a slag discharging hole and an exhaust port, wherein a containing cavity is arranged in the shell, a feed inlet, a slag discharging hole and the exhaust port are communicated with the containing cavity, and a first valve is arranged at the slag discharging hole;

The separation plate penetrates through the slag hole, is arranged in the accommodating cavity and divides the accommodating cavity into a gasification chamber and a chilling chamber which are communicated, the feeding hole is formed in the gasification chamber, and the slag hole and the air outlet are formed in the chilling chamber;

the chilling ring is arranged in the chilling chamber and is fixedly connected with the partition plate;

The descending pipe is connected with one side of the chilling ring, facing the axis of the descending pipe, and surrounds the chilling ring to form a water storage cavity, a closed overflow port is formed in the circumferential direction of the descending pipe, and the slag port is covered by the descending pipe;

The shielding ring is arranged in the descending pipe and fixedly connected with the partition plate, and is covered with the slag hole and in clearance fit with the descending pipe;

the positioning blocks are clamped between the shielding ring and the descending tube at intervals;

The water inlet pipe penetrates through the chilling ring at one side of the overflow port, which is away from the partition plate, and is communicated with the water storage cavity;

the ascending pipe is sleeved with the descending pipe, and a gap is kept between the ascending pipe and the descending pipe.

2. The gasifier according to claim 1, wherein:

the water inlet pipes are arranged at intervals, and the water outlets of the water inlet pipes are respectively tangential to the inner wall of the chilling ring.

3. The gasification furnace according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising:

And the spraying device is arranged in the chilling chamber and is used for spraying water flow into the downcomer.

4. A gasification furnace in accordance with claim 3 wherein:

The spraying device is provided with multiple layers at intervals along the extending direction of the down pipe.

5. The gasification furnace according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising:

the cyclone separator covers one end of the rising pipe, which faces the separation plate.

6. The gasifier according to claim 5, wherein:

The cyclone separator is internally provided with a plurality of guide plates, each guide plate comprises a first guide plate, a second guide plate and a third guide plate which are sequentially connected in the direction away from the separation plate, the included angle between the first guide plate and the horizontal plane is larger than the included angle between the second guide plate and the horizontal plane, and the included angle between the second guide plate and the horizontal plane is larger than the included angle between the third guide plate and the horizontal plane.

7. The gasification furnace according to claim 1 or 2, wherein:

One end of the chilling ring, which faces the partition plate, is connected with a mounting plate, and the mounting plate is connected with the partition plate.

8. The gasification furnace according to claim 1 or 2, wherein:

Reinforcing plates are arranged on the periphery of the down tube.

9. The gasification furnace according to claim 1 or 2, wherein:

and the side wall of the chilling ring is provided with an access hole, and the access door is connected with the access hole in an opening-closing manner.

10. The gasification furnace according to claim 1 or 2, wherein:

A cleaning port is formed in the chilling ring, and a second valve is arranged at the cleaning port.