CN118143222A - Preparation method of centrifugal casting bimetal ceramic composite grinding roller and centrifugal casting device - Google Patents
Preparation method of centrifugal casting bimetal ceramic composite grinding roller and centrifugal casting device Download PDFInfo
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- CN118143222A CN118143222A CN202410438708.9A CN202410438708A CN118143222A CN 118143222 A CN118143222 A CN 118143222A CN 202410438708 A CN202410438708 A CN 202410438708A CN 118143222 A CN118143222 A CN 118143222A
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 148
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000009750 centrifugal casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 239000003110 molding sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001141 Ductile iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052580 B4C Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron carbide Chemical compound B12B3B4C32B41 INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisodium borate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011156 metal matrix composite Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000617 Mangalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D13/00—Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force
- B22D13/02—Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force of elongated solid or hollow bodies, e.g. pipes, in moulds rotating around their longitudinal axis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
- B22C9/04—Use of lost patterns
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
- B22D19/16—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for making compound objects cast of two or more different metals, e.g. for making rolls for rolling mills
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a centrifugal casting bimetal ceramic composite grinding roller and a centrifugal casting device, wherein ceramic particles, ceramic powder and a binder are uniformly mixed to obtain a ceramic particle mixture, and the ceramic particle mixture is filled into a prefabricated lost foam to obtain a honeycomb ceramic particle prefabricated body; molding a layer of resin molding sand on the inner wall of a metal mold to prepare a centrifugal casting device; assembling the ceramic particle preform on the inner wall of molding sand of a metal mold; fixing a metal mold on a centrifugal machine, starting the centrifugal machine, and pouring high-wear-resistance metal liquid and matrix metal liquid of a working layer in sequence to prepare a bimetal ceramic composite grinding roller blank; and taking out and cleaning the prepared blank, cooling to room temperature after quenching treatment, cooling to room temperature again after tempering treatment, and finally obtaining the bimetal ceramic composite grinding roller finished product after machining treatment. The invention solves the problems of easy falling of ceramic particles, short service life, easy cracking in the heat treatment and use processes of the traditional composite technology.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of composite material grinding roller preparation, in particular to a preparation method of a centrifugal casting bimetal ceramic composite grinding roller and a centrifugal casting device.
Background
The ceramic particle reinforced metal matrix composite grinding roller is widely applied to the fields of thermal power, cement, steel, mines and the like, the service life of the grinding roller is more than 2 times that of the traditional grinding roller, and the grinding roller can be used at a later period, so that the powder making efficiency can be kept at a higher level continuously. The ceramic particle reinforced metal matrix composite is a composite material made of ceramic particle reinforced high-chromium cast iron or high-manganese steel matrix, and has the advantages of high hardness and high wear resistance of ceramic particles, toughness of a metal matrix and the like.
The preparation method of the ceramic particle reinforced metal matrix composite grinding roller mainly comprises the traditional methods of gravity casting, negative pressure casting and the like, the ceramic particles in the composite grinding roller prepared by the casting method are not firmly combined with a metal matrix, the ceramic particles are easy to fall off in the grinding process of the grinding roller, the service life is greatly reduced, and the analysis is mainly due to insufficient high-temperature molten metal infiltration power, so that the gaps among the metal ceramic particles cannot be filled with the partial molten metal of the composite material, the bonding strength of the metal and the ceramic particles is reduced, and the integral wear resistance of the ceramic particle reinforced metal matrix composite grinding roller is influenced. In addition, when the ceramic particle reinforced metal matrix composite grinding roller is produced, an integral casting process is mainly adopted, namely, the composite grinding roller matrix is prepared by casting a ceramic particle preform by adopting high-wear-resistance molten metal. The high wear-resistant molten metal is generally made of high-chromium cast iron or high-manganese steel, the hardness of the high-wear-resistant molten metal after heat treatment is more than 60HRC, and the high-wear-resistant molten metal is easy to break during heat treatment and use.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method of a centrifugal casting bimetal ceramic composite grinding roller and a centrifugal casting device, which solve the problems that ceramic particles are easy to fall off, have short service life and are easy to crack in the heat treatment and use processes of the traditional composite technology.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the above object, the preparation method and the centrifugal casting device of the centrifugal casting bimetal ceramic composite grinding roller comprise the following steps:
s1, uniformly mixing ceramic particles, ceramic powder and a binder according to a certain mass ratio to obtain a ceramic particle mixture;
s2, filling the ceramic particle mixture into a prefabricated lost foam, and putting the lost foam into a drying room for drying treatment to obtain a honeycomb ceramic particle prefabricated body;
S3, molding a layer of resin molding sand on the inner wall of the metal mold, brushing a layer of high-temperature resistant coating on the inner wall of the resin molding sand and the surface of the end cover, and heating the molding sand for a period of time by using a dryer to manufacture a centrifugal casting device;
S4, sequentially assembling and fixing the ceramic particle prefabricated bodies in the S2 on the inner wall of the molding sand of the metal mold in the S3;
S5, fixing the metal mold in the step S4 on a centrifugal machine, drying molding sand for a period of time by using a dryer, then starting the centrifugal machine, pouring the high-wear-resistance metal liquid of the working layer, continuing to centrifuge for 30-60S after pouring, pouring the matrix metal liquid, and continuing to centrifuge until all the poured bimetal solution is solidified, so as to prepare the bimetal ceramic composite grinding roller blank;
and S6, taking out and cleaning the blank of the manufactured bimetal ceramic composite grinding roller, cooling to room temperature after quenching treatment, cooling to room temperature again after tempering treatment, and finally obtaining the bimetal ceramic composite grinding roller finished product after machining treatment.
Further, in step S1, the ceramic particles are one or more mixtures of Al 2O3、ZrO2、TiC、WC、Si3N4; the ceramic powder is one or more of boron carbide, titanium oxide and sodium borate, and the added mass of the ceramic powder is 0.5% -2% of the ceramic particles; the binder is an inorganic binder, and the added mass of the binder is 4% -8% of that of the ceramic particles.
Further, the resin molding sand is alkali phenolic resin sand; in the steps S3-S4, the molding sand is heated for 0.5-1h before and after assembling the ceramic particle prefabricated body to the inner wall surface of the molding sand, and the temperature of the dryer is set to be 200-300 ℃.
Further, the honeycomb holes of the ceramic particle preform are conical through holes, and in step S4, small hole ends thereof are assembled against molding sand.
Further, in the step S5, the high wear-resistant molten metal is one of BTMCr, BTMCr, ZGMn13, and the casting quantity of the high wear-resistant molten metal is 1/2-2/3 of the mass of the grinding roller; the matrix molten metal is spheroidal graphite cast iron or low-carbon steel, and the casting quantity is 1/3-1/2 of the mass of the grinding roller.
Further, in the step S6, the blank of the bimetal ceramic composite grinding roller is firstly subjected to quenching treatment of heat preservation for 4-8 hours at 960-1020 ℃, the heating speed is not more than 30-60 ℃/h, the blank is cooled to room temperature after being discharged from the furnace, then the blank is put into the furnace for heat preservation for 4-8 hours at 150-200 ℃ for tempering treatment, and then the blank is cooled to the room temperature in the air.
Further, the ceramic particle casting device comprises a metal mold, wherein the metal mold is of a cylindrical structure, the upper port and the lower port of the metal mold are respectively provided with an end cover, the center of the end cover on the upper side is provided with a pouring gate, the center of the end cover on the lower side is connected with a rotating shaft of a centrifugal machine, the inner wall of the metal mold is provided with a sand layer, the ceramic particle precast body is spliced on the inner wall of the sand layer, the inner wall of the ceramic particle precast body is formed with a high-wear-resistance metal layer, and the inner wall of the high-wear-resistance metal layer is formed with a base metal layer; and a plurality of air outlet holes are formed in the annular wall of the metal mold and the sand layer in a penetrating manner from inside to outside.
The beneficial effects are that: the invention relates to a preparation method of a centrifugal casting bimetal ceramic composite grinding roller and a centrifugal casting device, which at least comprise the following advantages:
(1) And by adopting centrifugal casting, under the action of centrifugal force, the soaking power of the molten metal in the gaps of the ceramic particles is larger, the bonding strength of the metal and the ceramic particles is improved, the ceramic particles are not easy to fall off in the operation process of the ceramic composite grinding roller, and the service life of the ceramic composite grinding roller is prolonged.
(2) The honeycomb ceramic particle prefabricated body is matched with the centrifugal device, so that the combination of metal and ceramic is facilitated, the metal and ceramic powder and ceramic particles fully react and form reaction interface combination, and the combination strength of the metal matrix and the ceramic particle prefabricated body is improved.
(3) The metal with good plasticity and toughness is used as the grinding roller matrix layer, so that the cracking problem of the high wear-resistant metal material caused by thermal stress in the heat treatment and use processes can be effectively prevented.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a centrifugal casting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a ceramic particle preform according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the radial cross-sectional structure of honeycomb cells of a ceramic particle preform according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a bimetal ceramic composite grinding roller according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a splicing structure of two adjacent ceramic particle preforms according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure at a in fig. 5.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
A method for preparing a centrifugal casting bimetal ceramic composite grinding roller and a centrifugal casting device as shown in the accompanying figures 1-6, comprising the following steps:
S1, uniformly mixing ceramic particles with 6-12 meshes with a binder according to a certain mass ratio to obtain a ceramic particle mixture; wherein the ceramic particles are one or a mixture of more of Al 2O3、ZrO2、TiC、WC、Si3N4; the ceramic powder is one or more of boron carbide, titanium oxide and sodium borate, and the added mass of the ceramic powder is 0.5% -2% of the ceramic particles; the binder is inorganic binder such as water glass, silica sol, alumina sol and the like, and the addition mass of the binder is 4% -8% of that of the ceramic particles.
S2, filling the ceramic particle mixture into a prefabricated honeycomb-shaped lost foam, wherein the lost foam is made of polystyrene; inserting a screw into the middle of the ceramic particle mixture so as to reserve a certain number of mounting holes, and then drying the whole die in a drying room at 60-100 ℃ for 48-72 hours to obtain a honeycomb ceramic particle preform 1; wherein the number of the mounting holes is 4-8, and the aperture is set to be 2-4mm.
S3, molding a layer of resin molding sand on the inner wall of the metal mold 2, brushing a layer of high-temperature resistant paint on the inner wall of the resin molding sand and the surface of the end cover, and heating the molding sand for 0.5-1h by using a dryer to manufacture a centrifugal casting device, wherein the temperature of the dryer is set to be 200-300 ℃; wherein the molding thickness of the resin molding sand is 15-30mm, and the resin molding sand is alkali phenolic resin sand; the high-temperature resistant coating is zircon powder coating; the metal mold is a half mold.
S4, sequentially assembling and fixing the ceramic particle prefabricated body 1 in the S2 on the inner wall of the molding sand of the metal mold 2 in the S3, and fixing the ceramic particle prefabricated body in the resin molding sand by using screws, wherein the screws are matched with the reserved mounting holes; the honeycomb holes 11 of the ceramic particle prefabricated body 1 are conical through holes, when the ceramic particle prefabricated body is assembled, the small hole ends of the ceramic particle prefabricated body are assembled by abutting against molding sand, the large hole ends face inwards, and the high-wear-resistance metal liquid is more beneficial to being soaked into the ceramic particle prefabricated body under the action of centrifugal force, so that metal fully reacts with ceramic powder and ceramic particles to form reaction interface combination, the combination strength of a metal matrix and the ceramic particle prefabricated body is improved, and the service life of the composite grinding roller is 2-4 times that of a traditional high-chromium cast iron or surfacing grinding roller material; the arrangement clearance between adjacent ceramic particle preforms 1 is 3-5mm.
S5, fixing the metal mold 2 in the step S4 on a centrifugal machine, drying the molding sand for 0.5-1h by using a dryer, and then starting the centrifugal machine, wherein the rotating speed of the centrifugal machine is 400-1000r/min; pouring the high wear-resistant metal liquid of the working layer, continuing to centrifuge for 30-60s after pouring, pouring the base metal liquid, and continuing to centrifuge until the poured bimetal solution is completely solidified, so as to prepare a bimetal ceramic composite grinding roller blank; wherein the high wear-resistant molten metal is one of BTMCr, BTMCr, 26 and ZGMn13, and the casting quantity of the high wear-resistant molten metal is 1/2-2/3 of the mass of the grinding roller; the matrix molten metal is spheroidal graphite cast iron or low-carbon steel, and the casting quantity is 1/3-1/2 of the mass of the grinding roller. Because the plasticity of the ductile cast iron and the low-carbon steel is good, the cracking problem of the high-wear-resistance metal material caused by thermal stress in the heat treatment and use process can be effectively prevented.
S6, taking out and cleaning the blank of the prepared bimetal ceramic composite grinding roller, firstly carrying out quenching treatment of heat preservation for 4-8 hours at 960-1020 ℃, wherein the heating rate is not more than 30-60 ℃/h, discharging, then carrying out air cooling to room temperature, then placing the blank into the furnace, carrying out tempering treatment of heat preservation for 4-8 hours at 150-200 ℃, and then carrying out air cooling to room temperature; finally, the finished product of the bimetal ceramic composite grinding roller with the hardness of the working layer reaching 60-63HRC is obtained through machining treatment. The rotating air cooling device platform is adopted for cooling after quenching, the rotating speed of the air cooling device platform is set to be 100-200r/min, so that the cooling is more uniform, the thermal stress is favorably eliminated, the metallographic structure is more uniform, and the cracking tendency is favorably reduced.
As shown in fig. 1, the centrifugal casting device comprises a metal mold 2, the metal mold 2 is of a cylindrical structure, end covers 3 are respectively arranged at the upper port and the lower port of the metal mold 2, a pouring port 4 is arranged at the center of the upper side of the end cover 3, a rotating shaft 5 of a centrifugal machine is connected with the center of the end cover 3 at the lower side of the end cover, a molding sand layer 6 is arranged on the inner wall of the metal mold 2, positioning of a honeycomb grid preform is facilitated, shakeout is facilitated, and a bimetal ceramic composite grinding roller is easy to demould.
The inner wall of the molding sand layer 6 is spliced with the ceramic particle prefabricated body 1, a high wear-resistant metal layer 7 is formed on the inner wall of the ceramic particle prefabricated body 1, and a base metal layer 8 is formed on the inner wall of the high wear-resistant metal layer 7; a plurality of air outlet holes 9 are formed in the annular wall of the molding sand layer 6 and the metal mold 2 in a penetrating manner from inside to outside; the size of the air outlet hole is 3-5mm. And the gas is conveniently discharged in the casting process of the molding sand.
As shown in fig. 3, the small diameter ports 12 of the honeycomb holes 11 are arranged in a flaring manner, and the small diameter ports of adjacent honeycomb holes are communicated through a diversion trench 13, so that on the basis of the ceramic particle prefabricated body formed in the step S2, the small diameter ports of each honeycomb hole are chamfered and grooved on an outer cambered surface, in centrifugal casting, centrifugal force enables metal liquid to fill the honeycomb holes and the diversion trench, so that a high wear-resistant metal layer forms an embedded netlike metal structure on the outer cambered surface of a ceramic particle preset body, the combination between the high wear-resistant metal layer and the ceramic layer forms constraint on a macroscopic three-dimensional structure besides the combination of a reaction interface between the joint surfaces, and the ceramic and the metal are firmly connected and are not easy to fall off; as shown in fig. 5, the splicing surfaces of two adjacent ceramic particle preforms are provided with concave-convex staggered embedded structures, and the embedded structures of the two adjacent ceramic particle preforms are matched and buckled; under the centrifugal action, the molten metal entering the fit gap forms continuous sinuous metal edges, and the relative sliding of the ceramic structure layer relative to the metal layer is effectively restrained; as shown in fig. 6, the inner sides of the splicing seams of two adjacent ceramic particle preset bodies are provided with V-shaped structure grooves formed by splicing, and the V-shaped structure grooves are used for enabling the root parts of the formed metal ribs to be support structures with conical sections and guiding external acting forces to be applied to the inner metal matrix layers, so that the interaction forces between the adjacent ceramic prefabricated bodies are reduced, and the phenomenon that the working layers are cracked due to stress extrusion is avoided; and the metal mesh structure at the outer side is matched with the metal edge structure at the inner side to form a binding ceramic particle preform; further ensuring the stable structure of the bimetal ceramic composite grinding roller so as to obtain longer service life.
Compared with the traditional gravity casting, the centrifugal casting preparation method has the advantages that the infiltration power of the molten metal immersed in the gaps of the ceramic particles is larger due to the action of centrifugal force, so that the molten metal is beneficial to filling the gaps of the ceramic particles, the bonding strength of the metal and the ceramic particles is improved, the ceramic particles are not easy to fall off in the running process of the ceramic composite grinding roller, and the service life of the ceramic composite grinding roller is prolonged; the bimetal ceramic composite preparation method is adopted, and the working layer is made of high-wear-resistance metal, so that the wear resistance of the bimetal ceramic composite material is ensured; the core matrix metal adopts ductile cast iron or low carbon steel, so that the toughness of the matrix is ensured, and meanwhile, the core matrix metal is easy to machine, and the cost of high-wear-resistance metal materials and the processing cost are reduced.
As a preferred embodiment, the method specifically comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing 6-mesh ceramic particles, ceramic powder and a binder according to a certain mass ratio to obtain a ceramic particle mixture; filling the ceramic particle mixture into a pit of a prefabricated honeycomb lost foam mould, inserting a screw in the middle of the particle, reserving a certain number of mounting holes, and then placing the whole mould into a drying room at 60 ℃ for drying for 48 hours; then molding a layer of resin molding sand with the thickness of 15mm on the inner wall of the centrifugal casting metal mold, brushing a layer of high-temperature resistant paint on the inner wall of the resin molding sand and the surface of the end cover, and heating the molding sand for 0.5 hour by using a dryer; taking out the dried honeycomb ceramic particle prefabricated bodies, sequentially splicing the honeycomb ceramic particle prefabricated bodies on the inner wall of the centrifugal casting metal molding sand, enabling gaps between adjacent honeycomb ceramic particle prefabricated bodies to be 3mm, and fixing the adjacent honeycomb ceramic particle prefabricated bodies in resin sand by using screws; fixing a metal mold on a centrifugal machine, stretching a dryer air pipe into the centrifugal machine again to dry for 0.5 hour, starting the centrifugal machine, pouring high-wear-resistance metal liquid of a working layer, continuing to centrifuge for 30 seconds after pouring, pouring matrix metal liquid, and continuing to centrifuge until all the poured bimetallic solution is solidified, so as to prepare the centrifugal casting bimetallic ceramic composite grinding roller; disassembling a centrifugal casting metal mold, taking out and cleaning a manufactured centrifugal casting bimetal ceramic composite grinding roller blank from the metal mold, firstly carrying out heat preservation for 4 hours at 960 ℃, quenching treatment at a heating rate of not more than 30 ℃/h, putting the grinding roller on an air cooling device platform after discharging, carrying out air cooling to room temperature, then putting the grinding roller on the air cooling device platform, carrying out heat preservation for 4 hours at 150 ℃, tempering treatment, and then carrying out air cooling to room temperature; finally, machining the tempered composite grinding roller to obtain the centrifugal casting bimetal ceramic composite grinding roller with the working layer hardness reaching 60 HRC.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the invention, it being noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that numerous modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention described above, and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The preparation method of the centrifugal casting bimetal ceramic composite grinding roller is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, uniformly mixing ceramic particles, ceramic powder and a binder according to a certain mass ratio to obtain a ceramic particle mixture;
s2, filling the ceramic particle mixture into a prefabricated lost foam, and putting the lost foam into a drying room for drying treatment to obtain a honeycomb ceramic particle prefabricated body (1);
s3, molding a layer of resin molding sand on the inner wall of the metal mold (2), brushing a layer of high-temperature resistant coating on the inner wall of the resin molding sand and the surface of the end cover, and heating the molding sand by a dryer for a period of time to manufacture a centrifugal casting device;
S4, sequentially assembling and fixing the ceramic particle prefabricated body (1) in the S2 on the inner wall of the molding sand of the metal mold (2) in the S3;
s5, fixing the metal mold (2) in the S4 on a centrifugal machine, drying molding sand by a dryer for a period of time, starting the centrifugal machine, pouring high-wear-resistance metal liquid of a working layer, continuing to centrifuge for 30-60S after pouring, pouring matrix metal liquid, and continuing to centrifuge until all the poured bimetal solution is solidified, so as to prepare a bimetal ceramic composite grinding roller blank;
and S6, taking out and cleaning the blank of the manufactured bimetal ceramic composite grinding roller, cooling to room temperature after quenching treatment, cooling to room temperature again after tempering treatment, and finally obtaining the bimetal ceramic composite grinding roller finished product after machining treatment.
2. The method for preparing the centrifugally cast bimetal ceramic composite grinding roller according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in step S1, the ceramic particles are one or more mixtures of Al 2O3、ZrO2、TiC、WC、Si3N4; the ceramic powder is one or more of boron carbide, titanium oxide and sodium borate, and the added mass of the ceramic powder is 0.5% -2% of the ceramic particles; the binder is an inorganic binder, and the added mass of the binder is 4% -8% of that of the ceramic particles.
3. The method for preparing the centrifugally cast bimetal ceramic composite grinding roller according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the resin molding sand is alkali phenolic resin sand; in the steps S3-S4, the molding sand is heated for 0.5-1h before and after assembling the ceramic particle prefabricated body to the inner wall surface of the molding sand, and the temperature of the dryer is set to be 200-300 ℃.
4. A method for preparing a centrifugally cast bimetallic ceramic composite grinding roll in accordance with claim 3, wherein: the honeycomb holes of the ceramic particle prefabricated body (1) are conical through holes, and in the step S4, small hole ends of the ceramic particle prefabricated body are assembled by abutting against molding sand.
5. The method for preparing the centrifugally cast bimetal ceramic composite grinding roller, which is characterized in that: in the step S5, the high wear-resistant molten metal is one of BTMCr, BTMCr, and ZGMn13, and the casting quantity of the high wear-resistant molten metal is 1/2-2/3 of the mass of the grinding roller; the matrix molten metal is spheroidal graphite cast iron or low-carbon steel, and the casting quantity is 1/3-1/2 of the mass of the grinding roller.
6. The method for preparing the centrifugally cast bimetal ceramic composite grinding roller, which is characterized in that: in the step S6, the blank of the bimetal ceramic composite grinding roller is firstly subjected to quenching treatment of heat preservation for 4-8 hours at 960-1020 ℃, the heating speed is not more than 30-60 ℃/h, the blank is cooled to room temperature after being discharged from a furnace, then the blank is put into tempering treatment of heat preservation for 4-8 hours at 150-200 ℃, and then the blank is cooled to room temperature.
7. A centrifugal casting apparatus in a method of producing a centrifugally cast bimetallic ceramic composite grinding roll according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: the novel ceramic particle casting machine is characterized by comprising a metal mold (2), wherein the metal mold (2) is of a cylindrical structure, end covers (3) are respectively arranged at the upper port and the lower port of the metal mold (2), a pouring port (4) is arranged at the center of the end cover (3) at the upper side, a rotating shaft (5) of a centrifugal machine is connected with the center of the end cover (3) at the lower side, a sand layer (6) is arranged on the inner wall of the metal mold (2), a ceramic particle precast body (1) is spliced on the inner wall of the sand layer (6), a high-wear-resistance metal layer (7) is formed on the inner wall of the ceramic particle precast body (1), and a matrix metal layer (8) is formed on the inner wall of the high-wear-resistance metal layer (7); a plurality of air outlet holes (9) are formed in the annular wall of the molding sand layer (6) and the metal mold (2) in a penetrating manner from inside to outside.
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| CN202410438708.9A CN118143222A (en) | 2024-04-12 | 2024-04-12 | Preparation method of centrifugal casting bimetal ceramic composite grinding roller and centrifugal casting device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202410438708.9A CN118143222A (en) | 2024-04-12 | 2024-04-12 | Preparation method of centrifugal casting bimetal ceramic composite grinding roller and centrifugal casting device |
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