CN118136884A

CN118136884A - Fuel humidifying device, method and application of solid oxide fuel cell

Info

Publication number: CN118136884A
Application number: CN202410340895.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘太楷; 刘敏; 宋琛; 文魁; 邓春明; 邓畅光
Original assignee: Institute of New Materials of Guangdong Academy of Sciences
Current assignee: Institute of New Materials of Guangdong Academy of Sciences
Priority date: 2024-03-25
Filing date: 2024-03-25
Publication date: 2024-06-04

Abstract

The invention provides a fuel humidifying device, a fuel humidifying method and application of a solid oxide fuel cell, and relates to the technical field of fuel cells. The device comprises an atomization unit, wherein an atomizer in the atomization unit can atomize liquid into fine fog drops, then the fog drops are mixed with fuel gas introduced from an air inlet in an atomization cavity, and the obtained atomized gas flows out from an atomized gas outlet to finish the humidification of the fuel gas. The device is easy to operate, the quantity of fog drops generated can be controlled by controlling the working state of the atomizer, so that the control of the gas humidification degree is realized, the whole humidification process does not have severe fluctuation of volume or pressure, and therefore, the gas circuit system of the fuel is always in a stable state, the stability of the solid oxide fuel cell power generation system is favorably improved, and the service life of a galvanic pile is prolonged.

Description

Fuel humidifying device, method and application of solid oxide fuel cell

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a fuel humidifying device, a fuel humidifying method and an application of a solid oxide fuel cell.

Background

The solid oxide fuel cell is an energy conversion device which is high-efficient and clean, can efficiently convert chemical energy of fuel into electric energy, and is one of technologies with highest power generation efficiency. The solid oxide fuel cell has excellent fuel adaptability, and can generate electricity using hydrocarbon fuels such as methane, natural gas, and hydrogen, so that it can be widely used in various energy fields.

When the solid oxide fuel cell generates electricity by adopting hydrocarbon such as methane, natural gas and the like, the hydrocarbon with larger molecules needs to be reformed into hydrogen and carbon monoxide with smaller molecules so as to reduce carbon deposition of the cell and further prolong the service life of the cell. In general, solid oxide fuel cells employ steam reforming fuel, i.e., the conversion of hydrocarbon fuel into hydrogen and carbon monoxide under the action of steam. Therefore, the power generation systems of the solid oxide fuel cells are required to be equipped with a humidifying function, i.e., water vapor, which is obtained by converting liquid water into a gaseous state, is mixed with fuel and then enters a reforming unit to perform reforming reaction.

At present, the process of changing liquid water into vapor in the field of solid oxide fuel cells is mainly realized by adopting a heating mode. By transferring the higher temperature of the heat medium to the liquid water, the liquid water absorbs heat and increases in temperature, and vapor starts to be slowly generated, and if the temperature is lower, the amount of vapor is insufficient, so that the humidification effect of the fuel is poor and the effect of reforming the fuel is poor. When the temperature of water rises to the boiling point, the amount of water vapor is increased, but the volume of the water is rapidly expanded due to the unsteady state process of the boiling vaporization of the liquid water, so that the pressure of a fuel pipeline is rapidly changed, the pressure of fuel entering a pile is suddenly changed, the water-carbon ratio is also unstable, the dynamic heat management difficulty of the pile is extremely high, the pile is extremely easy to overheat, and even the pile is damaged and fails and is safe. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a system capable of stably humidifying and reforming fuel.

In view of this, the present invention has been made.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a fuel humidifying device, a fuel humidifying method and an application of a solid oxide fuel cell, which can enable fuel to enter a cell stack in a stable state, improve the stability of a power generation system of the solid oxide fuel cell and prolong the service life of the cell stack.

Embodiments of the present invention are implemented as follows:

In a first aspect, the present invention provides a fuel humidifying device of a solid oxide fuel cell, comprising an atomizing gas generating unit and an atomizing unit.

The atomizing gas generation unit comprises a shell, wherein the inside of the shell is hollow to form an atomizing cavity, an air inlet, an atomizing gas outlet and an atomizing unit mounting opening which are all communicated with the atomizing cavity are formed in the shell, and the atomizing unit is fixed with the shell through the atomizing unit mounting opening.

The atomizing unit comprises at least one atomizer, the atomizing unit mounting opening comprises an atomizer mounting opening used for mounting the atomizer, the mist outlet end of the atomizer is positioned in the atomizing cavity, the axis of the atomizer mounting opening is intersected with the connecting line of the air inlet and the atomizing gas outlet, so that water mist generated by the atomizer is mixed with fuel of the solid oxide fuel cell from the air inlet, the fuel is humidified, the humidity of the fuel is determined by the fuel quantity entering through the air inlet and the total atomizing power of the atomizing unit, and the humidity of fuel gas required by controlling the total atomizing power of the atomizing unit can be adjusted to meet the power generation and energy supply requirements of the solid oxide fuel cell under various working conditions.

The air inlet is used for being communicated with an external gas pipeline, gas is introduced into the atomizing cavity, the atomizer can form fine fog drops, the fine fog drops enter the atomizing cavity from the fog outlet end and are mixed with the gas in the atomizing cavity, and the humidifying process of the gas is realized.

In an alternative embodiment, the atomizer is an ultrasonic atomizer, namely, one end of the atomizer is provided with an ultrasonic vibration module, and liquid water is converted into fine mist drops through the action of ultrasonic waves, so that atomization of the liquid water is realized.

It is understood that in order to facilitate the normal operation of the atomizer, one end of the atomizer, which is far away from the atomizing cavity, extends out of the housing and is communicated with the ultrasonic vibration control module and the power supply module; one end of the atomizer, which is positioned in the atomizing cavity, is a mist outlet end, so that mist drops can be conveniently generated in the atomizing cavity.

It will be appreciated that an atomizer is a device for converting liquid water into droplets, and therefore the liquid flow lines provided inside the atomizer are different when the atomizer structure is different.

Specifically, ultrasonic atomizers include liquid-stored atomizers or non-liquid-stored atomizers. The liquid storage type atomizer means that a certain volume of liquid is stored in an atomization cavity, and an ultrasonic vibration module arranged on one end of the atomization cavity is in contact with water; the non-liquid storage type atomizer means that a large amount of liquid is not stored in the atomizing cavity, liquid water enters the atomizer through one end of the atomizer, which is positioned outside the shell, and fog drops are sprayed into the atomizing cavity from the fog outlet end after being treated by the atomizer.

The ultrasonic atomizer can be selected from existing atomizers, for example, a liquid storage atomizer comprises a single crystal piezoelectric ceramic atomizer or a microporous mesh atomizer; the non-liquid-storage atomizer is a langevin transducer atomizer, or referred to as a transducer atomizer.

The functional module of the single crystal piezoelectric ceramic atomizer is formed by alternately arranging single crystal piezoelectric ceramic plates and metal sheets, and the single crystal piezoelectric ceramic plates are connected with an external ultrasonic generator.

The functional module of the microporous net piece atomizer consists of a piezoelectric ceramic piece and a metal sheet with prefabricated micropores, wherein the size of the prefabricated micropores on the metal sheet is 1-10 mu m.

The functional module of the Langmuir transduction atomizer consists of a piezoelectric ceramic body and a metal nozzle of a prefabricated micro-channel, wherein the micro-channel of the metal nozzle has an inner diameter of 5-100 mu m and a length of less than 5cm.

It can be understood that, because the atomization unit can be provided with a plurality of atomizers, in the practical application process, the atomizers of the fuel humidifying device can be the same atomizer or different atomizers; preferably, the atomizers of the fuel humidifying device are of the same type, for example both liquid-stored atomizers or both non-liquid-stored atomizers.

Preferably, the plurality of atomizers are symmetrically arranged on the shell at intervals.

Preferably, when the atomizer is a liquid storage type atomizer, because the liquid needs to be stored in the atomizing cavity, the atomizing cavity can be divided into a liquid storage area at the lower part and an aerosol mixing area at the upper part, the liquid storage area is used for storing liquid water, and an atomizing unit mounting opening is formed in a shell corresponding to the liquid storage area, so that the mist outlet end of the atomizer is positioned in the liquid water in the liquid storage area, and the normal mist outlet of the atomizer is ensured.

Preferably, in order to ensure that the liquid storage type atomizers are all located in the liquid water in the liquid storage area, the liquid storage type atomizers are all arranged on the same side of the atomizing cavity, so that the atomizers can work normally.

Preferably, in order to prevent the fuel gas from directly carrying a large amount of liquid water, which leads to too high humidity to affect the reforming effect and even to the liquid water entering the galvanic pile to damage the galvanic pile, it is necessary to ensure that the connection between the air inlet and the atomizing air outlet is free from liquid to be atomized, and therefore the liquid level in the atomizing chamber must not exceed the position of the air inlet and/or the atomizing air outlet.

Further, because the liquid storage type atomizer needs to rely on the existing moisture in the atomizing cavity to atomize, therefore, when the atomizer is the liquid storage type atomizer, the atomizing unit still includes the water injection piece, and the atomizing unit installing port on the casing still includes the water inlet, and the water injection piece is installed in the water inlet.

The water injection piece is communicated with an external water source and is used for injecting water into the atomization cavity, so that the liquid storage type atomizer is ensured to be normally used.

The water injection piece can be arranged on the same side as the liquid storage type atomizer or on different sides, so long as the liquid storage type atomizer can be ensured to be arranged in a liquid storage area of the atomizing cavity.

Preferably, the water injection member is made of stainless steel, and the inner diameter of the water injection member is 0.1-20 mm, more preferably 0.5-3 mm.

Preferably, when the atomizer is a liquid storage atomizer, in order to confirm the water level in the atomizing cavity, the water level is prevented from being too high, so that the gas directly sweeps the liquid water to flow out from an atomizing gas outlet; meanwhile, the water level is prevented from being too low, so that the liquid storage type atomizer cannot normally spray, a liquid level sensor is further arranged on the shell, and one end of the liquid level sensor stretches into the atomization cavity.

When the atomizer is non-stock solution formula atomizer, the atomizing intracavity need not the stock solution, and the position setting of air inlet and atomizing gas outlet is also more nimble, consequently, the atomizer is not limited in the position of installing on the atomizing chamber, as long as can guarantee the axis of atomizer and the line intersection of air inlet and atomizing gas outlet can to guarantee that the droplet can mix with gas.

When the atomizer is a Langmuir transduction atomizer, the atomizer is provided with a water inlet which is arranged outside the shell, and the mist outlet end is communicated with the atomization cavity. The external water source directly enters water through the atomizer, then is atomized into small fog drops in the atomizer, is sprayed into the atomizing cavity from the fog outlet end, is mixed with fuel gas in the atomizing cavity to form atomized gas, and flows out from the atomized gas outlet.

In order to enhance the mixing of the fuel gas and the mist drops and ensure the humidifying effect of the fuel gas, in an alternative embodiment, the fuel gas humidifier further comprises at least one turbulence piece, and the turbulence piece protrudes out of the inner wall surface of the shell.

When the atomizer is liquid storage type atomizer, the vortex piece sets up in the aerial fog mixing zone in atomizing chamber, and preferably, the vortex piece sets up in the top in atomizing chamber to make the gas move to the direction that is close to the liquid level, carry the droplet to flow from the atomizing gas outlet.

When the atomizer is a non-liquid storage atomizer, the turbulence piece can be arranged at any position of the atomizing cavity and can be adjusted according to the flowing direction of the fuel gas.

Preferably, the shape of the turbulence member is streamline, for example, the cross section of the turbulence member can be semicircular or semi-elliptical, so that the flow direction of the fuel gas can be changed more stably, and the fuel gas is prevented from accumulating and colliding at the same position, thereby influencing the stability of the liquid level in the atomization cavity.

Preferably, in order to enhance the turbulence effect, the turbulence member is provided between the air inlet and the atomizer mounting opening. Because the atomizer can set up a plurality of, consequently the atomizer mounting mouth should also be designed to be a plurality of, then the quantity of corresponding vortex piece also can be a plurality of, for example atomizer is two, and when vortex piece is also two, two atomizers homonymy set up, and along the air inlet to the direction of atomizing gas export be first atomizer and second atomizer respectively, first vortex piece sets up between air inlet and first atomizer, the second vortex piece sets up between first atomizer and second atomizer, namely between air inlet and the second atomizer.

Preferably, the height of the turbulence member is 1/5 to 1/3 of the inner diameter of the atomizing cavity where the turbulence member is provided.

In an alternative embodiment, the wall thickness of the shell is 0.5-5 mm and the equivalent inner diameter is 1-30 cm; the volume of the atomizing cavity is 0.1-100L, and the cross section of the atomizing cavity comprises any one of a circle, an ellipse, an irregular shape and a polygon; wherein the polygonal atomizing chamber comprises any one of square, rectangle, triangle, hexagon, octagon, dodecagon or icosahedron.

Preferably, the atomizing chamber is located between the air inlet and the atomizing gas outlet, and the axes of the air inlet and the atomizing gas outlet coincide.

Preferably, the material of the shell comprises at least one of metal, high polymer or ceramic.

Preferably, when the material of the shell is metal, the metal comprises at least one of iron-based alloy, aluminum alloy, nickel-based alloy, chromium-based alloy, copper-based alloy, cobalt-based alloy or titanium alloy; for example, the iron-based alloy may be stainless steel, the nickel-based alloy may be hastelloy, monel, or the like.

When the shell is made of a high polymer, the high polymer comprises at least one of Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP) or nylon (PA).

In an alternative embodiment, still include atomizer mounting and fastener, atomizer mounting is a plurality of, and a plurality of atomizer mounting cladding is in the outer wall surface of casing, and adjacent two atomizer mounting pass through the fastener and connect.

Preferably, the connection part of the atomizer fixing piece is provided with a fastening hole, and the fastening piece comprises a bolt or a screw.

Preferably, the atomizer fixing member is a cover plate structure having a connection portion, the shape of the cover plate is matched with that of the housing, and the atomizer fixing member can be used to fix the atomizer while preventing water leakage.

In an alternative embodiment, the atomizer mounting opening is a threaded opening matched with the atomizer structure, and the atomizer is in threaded fit connection with the housing.

In a second aspect, the present invention provides a fuel feed system for a solid oxide fuel cell comprising a control unit, an air intake unit, a water storage unit and a fuel humidifying device according to any of the preceding embodiments.

The air inlet unit is communicated with the air inlet of the fuel humidifying device, the water storage unit is communicated with the atomizing unit of the fuel humidifying device, and the atomized gas outlet of the fuel humidifying device is communicated with gas utilization equipment; and the air inlet unit, the water storage unit and the fuel humidifying device are all in communication connection with the control unit.

The control unit is in communication connection with the fuel humidifying device, so that the control unit can be used for receiving signals of the liquid level sensor and controlling water inflow of the water storage unit according to the obtained liquid level information. In addition, the control unit can also control the power of the atomizer, so that the quantity of fog drops sprayed out of the atomizer is adjusted, and the humidity of the fuel gas is further controlled.

The connection line of the atomizer and the control unit comprises a communication line with any one interface of RS485, RS232, USB and RJ 45.

Preferably, the atomizer further comprises a power cord connected to an external power source, wherein the power supply voltage of the external power source may be any one of 24V, 48V or 220V.

The control unit is in communication connection with the air inlet unit and can be used for controlling the air inlet flow of the fuel gas, so that the excessive air flow is prevented from impacting the liquid level in the atomization cavity, the liquid is directly led out of the atomization air outlet, and the power generation of the fuel cell can be controlled.

In an alternative embodiment, the fuel humidifier further comprises a heating device, wherein the heating device is communicated with the atomizing gas outlet of the fuel humidifier.

Preferably, the heating means of the heating device comprises any one of resistive heating, radiant heating or convective heat transfer.

Preferably, the outlet temperature of the heating means is 150-900 ℃.

When the fuel humidifying device is used for being communicated with the gas using equipment, the gas entering the gas using equipment is humidified atomized gas, and when the fuel humidifying device is connected with the heating device and then is used for being communicated with the gas using equipment, the gas entering the gas using equipment is high-temperature wet gas.

The gas-consuming device may be a fuel cell stack, preferably a solid oxide fuel cell stack.

In a third aspect, the present invention provides a method of humidifying a fuel for a solid oxide fuel cell, adapted to any one of the preceding embodiments, comprising introducing a fuel gas into an atomising chamber along an inlet, atomising liquid water into droplets which mix with the fuel gas to form an atomising gas and discharging the atomising gas along an atomising gas outlet.

In alternative embodiments, the fuel gas comprises any of hydrogen, hydrocarbon gas, or hydrogen-loaded natural gas.

The hydrocarbon gas comprises any one of methane, natural gas or propane, and the hydrogen loading volume of the hydrogen loading natural gas is 1-60%, namely, the hydrogen volume accounts for 1-60 parts in every 100 parts by volume of the hydrogen loading natural gas.

Preferably, the flow rate of the fuel gas entering the fuel humidifying device is 10-50L/min.

Preferably, when the fuel gas is hydrogen, the obtained atomized gas has a volume water content of 1 to 20%.

When the fuel gas is a hydrocarbon gas, the obtained atomized gas has a volume water content of 1 to 75%, more preferably 50 to 67%.

When the fuel gas is hydrogen-doped natural gas, the volume water content of the obtained atomized gas is 1-60%.

In an alternative embodiment, the object of atomization is water, preferably pure water.

In an alternative embodiment, when the inlet pressure of the fuel gas is stable and unchanged, the pressure change rate at the outlet of the atomized gas is less than 1%, and the stability of the solid oxide fuel cell power generation system is better.

In an alternative embodiment, when the atomizer is a liquid storage atomizer, the distance between the atomizing end of the atomizer and the liquid level is less than or equal to 3cm.

In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a fuel humidifying device as in any one of the preceding embodiments or a fuel humidifying method as in any one of the preceding embodiments for use in improving the stability of a solid oxide fuel cell power generation system.

The embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that:

The invention provides a fuel humidifying device, a fuel humidifying method and an application of a solid oxide fuel cell. The device is easy to operate, the quantity of fog drops generated can be controlled by controlling the working state of the atomizer, so that the control of the gas humidification degree is realized, the whole humidification process has no severe fluctuation of volume, and therefore, the gas circuit system of the fuel is always in a stable state, the stability of the solid oxide fuel cell power generation system is favorably improved, and the service life of a galvanic pile is prolonged.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a fuel humidifying device of a solid oxide fuel cell provided in a first embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is an exploded view showing a part of the structure of a fuel humidifying device of a solid oxide fuel cell according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic control diagram of a fuel feeding system of a solid oxide fuel cell according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a fuel humidifying device of a solid oxide fuel cell provided in a second embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is an exploded view showing a part of the structure of a fuel humidifying device of a solid oxide fuel cell according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a fuel humidifying device of a solid oxide fuel cell provided in a third embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is an exploded view showing a part of the structure of a fuel humidifying device of a solid oxide fuel cell according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a fuel humidifying device of a solid oxide fuel cell provided in a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is an exploded view showing a part of the structure of a fuel humidifying device of a solid oxide fuel cell according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 10 is a schematic perspective view of a fuel humidifying device of a solid oxide fuel cell according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 11 is a schematic diagram showing a connection structure of a fuel humidifying device and a heating device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a fuel humidifying device of a solid oxide fuel cell provided in a sixth embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 13 is a cross-sectional view of a fuel humidifying device of a solid oxide fuel cell provided in a seventh embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 14 is a cross-sectional view of a fuel humidifying device of a solid oxide fuel cell provided by an eighth embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 15 is an exploded view showing a part of the structure of a fuel humidifying device of a solid oxide fuel cell according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram showing a connection structure of a fuel humidifying device and a heating device according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 17 is a cross-sectional view of a fuel humidifying device of a solid oxide fuel cell provided by a ninth embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 18 is an exploded view showing a part of the structure of a fuel humidifying device of a solid oxide fuel cell according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 19 is a cross-sectional view of a fuel humidifying device of a solid oxide fuel cell provided in a tenth embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 20 is an exploded view of a part of the structure of a fuel humidifying device of a solid oxide fuel cell according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention.

Icon 100-fuel humidifying device; 110-a housing; 111-an atomization chamber; 1111-a reservoir; 1112-an aerosol mixing zone; 112-air inlet; 113-an atomizing gas outlet; 114-an atomizer mounting port; 115-water inlet; 121-an atomizer; 122-water injection piece; 131-atomizer mount; 132-fastening holes; 140-a liquid level sensor; 150-spoilers; 10-a fuel feed system; 200-a control unit; 300-an air intake unit; 400-water storage unit; 500-heating device; 20-gas utilization equipment.

Detailed Description

For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., are directions or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, or are directions or positional relationships conventionally put in use of the inventive product, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not indicative or implying that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Furthermore, the terms "horizontal," "vertical," and the like do not denote a requirement that the component be absolutely horizontal or overhang, but rather may be slightly inclined. As "horizontal" merely means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.

In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.

First embodiment

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment provides a fuel humidifying device 100 of a solid oxide fuel cell, which includes an atomizing gas generating unit and an atomizing unit.

The atomizing gas generating unit is a housing 110 having a hollow interior, the space inside the housing 110 forms an atomizing chamber 111, and the atomizing chamber 111 has a circular cross-sectional shape. The body portion of the housing 110 is cylindrical, and two circular surfaces of the cylinder are further provided with two cylinders having diameters sequentially reduced, so that an air inlet 112 and an atomizing air outlet 113 communicating with the atomizing chamber 111 are respectively provided on the two circular surfaces of the housing 110. The atomizing chamber 111 is located between the air inlet 112 and the atomizing air outlet 113, and axes of the air inlet 112, the atomizing air outlet 113, and the cylinder of the main body portion of the housing 110 are all coincident.

The atomizing unit includes an atomizer 121 and a water injection member 122, and the atomizer 121 in this embodiment is a single crystal piezoelectric ceramic atomizer, so the atomizing chamber 111 can be divided into a lower liquid storage area 1111 and an upper aerosol mixing area 1112, and an atomizer mounting opening 114 and a water inlet 115 are formed in a housing 110 corresponding to the liquid storage area 1111.

The water injection piece 122 is arranged in the water inlet 115, one end of the water injection piece is communicated with an external water source, and the other end of the water injection piece is communicated with the atomization cavity 111; the atomizer 121 is installed in the atomizer installation opening 114, and the atomizing end of atomizer 121 is located in the liquid storage area 1111 of atomizing chamber 111, and the axis of water injection piece 122 and atomizer 121 all is perpendicular with the line of air inlet 112 and atomizing gas outlet 113.

In order to ensure tight installation of the atomizer 121 and the water injection member 122 with the housing 110 while avoiding water leakage, an atomizer fixing member 131 and a fastening member are further provided on the surface of the housing 110. The atomizer fixing part 131 is two semicircular cover plates, the size of the atomizer fixing part is matched with the size of the cylinder of the main body part of the shell 110, a plurality of fastening holes 132 are formed in the joint of the two cover plates, the fastening parts are bolts, and the two semicircular cover plates are fixed through the fastening holes 132 by the bolts, so that the atomizer 121 and the water injection part 122 are tightly installed with the shell 110.

Further, the housing 110 of the present embodiment is made of stainless steel, the wall thickness is 2mm, and the equivalent inner diameter is 14cm; the volume of the atomizing chamber 111 is 5L; the water injection member 122 is made of stainless steel, and the inner diameter of the water injection member 122 is 1.5mm.

Referring to fig. 3, the present embodiment further provides a fuel feeding system 10 of a solid oxide fuel cell, which includes a control unit 200, an air inlet unit 300, a water storage unit 400, a heating device 500, and the fuel humidifying device 100.

The air inlet unit 300 is communicated with the air inlet 112 of the fuel humidifying device 100, the water storage unit 400 is communicated with the atomizing unit of the fuel humidifying device 100, the atomized air outlet 113 of the fuel humidifying device 100 is communicated with the air inlet 112 of the heating device 500, and the air outlet of the heating device 500 is used for being communicated with the air utilization equipment 20; and the air intake unit 300, the water storage unit 400, the heating device 500, and the fuel humidifying device 100 are all communicatively connected to the control unit 200.

Specifically, the atomizer 121 is connected with the control unit 200 through a communication line with an RS485 interface, the power line of the atomizer 121 is connected with a power supply with an external power supply voltage of 24V, the control unit 200 makes the piezoelectric ceramic plate of the atomizer 121 perform ultrasonic vibration through an electric signal with an oscillator generation frequency of 1.7MHz, and the power of the atomizer 121 is 20W. The heating means 500 is resistance heating.

The present embodiment also provides a fuel humidifying method applicable to the fuel humidifying device 100 or the solid oxide fuel cell of the fuel air intake system, which includes introducing fuel gas into the atomizing chamber 111 along the air inlet 112, atomizing liquid water into droplets by the atomizer 121 to mix with the fuel gas, forming atomized gas, and discharging along the atomized gas outlet 113.

Wherein the fuel gas is hydrogen, the inlet pressure is 4MPa, the pressure is reduced to 0.2MPa, and then the hydrogen is fed into the air inlet 112 of the atomizer, and the flow rate of the hydrogen is 10L/min; the atomizing target is pure water, and the mist outlet end of the atomizer 121 is immersed in the pure water in the atomizing chamber 111 and is made 1.5cm lower than the liquid level line. After pure water is atomized by the atomizer 121, mist droplets move upward above the liquid surface and are mixed with hydrogen gas from the gas inlet 112 to form atomized gas, which flows out from the atomized gas outlet 113, and the volume water content of the atomized gas flowing out from the atomized gas outlet 113 is 5%. The atomized gas flowing out of the atomized gas outlet 113 is heated into high-temperature wet fuel gas at 650 ℃ by the heating device 500, and then enters the solid oxide fuel cell stack for electrochemical reaction, and in operation, the pressure fluctuation amplitude at the atomized gas outlet 113 is 150Pa, and the change rate is lower than 0.75 per mill.

Second embodiment

Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the present embodiment provides a fuel humidifying device 100 of a solid oxide fuel cell, which has a similar structure to the fuel humidifying device 100 of the first embodiment, and differs only in that:

1) The number of the atomizers 121 is two, and the two atomizers 121 are symmetrically arranged on the same side of the housing 110.

2) The housing 110 of this embodiment is made of stainless steel, has a wall thickness of 2mm, and an equivalent inner diameter of 20cm; the volume of the atomizing chamber 111 was 10L.

Further, the present embodiment also provides a fuel feeding system 10 of a solid oxide fuel cell, which is similar in structure to the fuel feeding system 10 of the first embodiment, except that the fuel humidifying device 100 of the present embodiment is employed.

The present embodiment also provides a fuel humidifying method applicable to the fuel humidifying device 100 or the solid oxide fuel cell of the fuel air intake system provided in the present embodiment, which includes introducing fuel gas into the atomizing chamber 111 along the air inlet 112, atomizing liquid water into droplets by the atomizer 121 to mix with the fuel gas, forming atomized gas, and discharging along the atomized gas outlet 113.

Wherein the fuel gas is hydrogen, the inlet pressure is 4MPa, the pressure is reduced to 0.2MPa, and the hydrogen is delivered into the air inlet 112 of the atomizer, and the flow rate of the hydrogen is 15L/min; the atomizing target is pure water, and the mist outlet end of the atomizer 121 is immersed in the pure water in the atomizing chamber 111 and is made 1.5cm lower than the liquid level line. After pure water is atomized by the atomizer 121, mist droplets move upward above the liquid surface and are mixed with hydrogen gas from the gas inlet 112 to form atomized gas, which flows out from the atomized gas outlet 113, and the volume water content of the atomized gas flowing out from the atomized gas outlet 113 is 8%. The atomized gas flowing out of the atomized gas outlet 113 is heated into high-temperature wet fuel gas at 600 ℃ by the heating device 500, and then enters the solid oxide fuel cell stack for electrochemical reaction, and in operation, the pressure fluctuation amplitude at the atomized gas outlet 113 is 190Pa, and the change rate is lower than 0.95 per mill.

Third embodiment

Referring to fig. 6 and 7, the present embodiment provides a fuel humidifying device 100 of a solid oxide fuel cell, which has a similar structure to the fuel humidifying device 100 of the first embodiment, and differs only in that:

1) The number of atomizers 121 is three, and the three atomizers 121 are symmetrically arranged on the same side of the housing 110.

2) The housing 110 of this embodiment is made of stainless steel, has a wall thickness of 2mm, and an equivalent inner diameter of 20cm; the volume of the atomizing chamber 111 is 12L.

Further, the present embodiment also provides a fuel feed system 10 of a solid oxide fuel cell, which is similar in structure to the fuel feed system 10 of the first embodiment, except that: with the fuel humidifying device 100 of the present embodiment, all three atomizers 121 of the present embodiment are connected with the control unit 200 through a communication line with an RS232 interface, and the control unit 200 generates an electric signal with a frequency of 2.4MHz through an oscillator, so that the piezoelectric ceramic plate of the atomizer 121 performs ultrasonic vibration, and the power of the atomizer 121 is 15W.

Wherein the fuel gas is hydrogen, the inlet pressure is 4MPa, the pressure is reduced to 0.2MPa, and then the hydrogen is fed into the air inlet 112 of the atomizer, and the flow rate of the hydrogen is 20L/min; the atomizing target is pure water, and the mist outlet end of the atomizer 121 is immersed in the pure water in the atomizing chamber 111 and is made 1.5cm lower than the liquid level line. After pure water is atomized by the atomizer 121, mist droplets move upward above the liquid surface and are mixed with hydrogen gas from the gas inlet 112 to form atomized gas, which flows out from the atomized gas outlet 113, and the volume water content of the atomized gas flowing out from the atomized gas outlet 113 is 10%. The atomized gas flowing out of the atomized gas outlet 113 is heated into high-temperature wet fuel gas at 600 ℃ by the heating device 500, and then enters the solid oxide fuel cell stack for electrochemical reaction, and in operation, the pressure fluctuation amplitude at the atomized gas outlet 113 is 200Pa, and the change rate is lower than 1 per mill.

Fourth embodiment

Referring to fig. 8 to 10, the present embodiment provides a fuel humidifying device 100 of a solid oxide fuel cell, which has a similar structure to the fuel humidifying device 100 of the first embodiment, and differs only in that:

1) The number of the atomizers 121 is four, and the four atomizers 121 are symmetrically arranged on the same side of the housing 110.

2) The housing 110 of this embodiment is made of stainless steel, has a wall thickness of 2mm, and an equivalent inner diameter of 25cm; the volume of the atomizing chamber 111 was 20L.

Referring to fig. 3 and 11, further, the present embodiment also provides a fuel feeding system 10 of a solid oxide fuel cell, which has a similar structure to the fuel feeding system 10 of the first embodiment, and differs only in that: with the fuel humidifying device 100 of the present embodiment, the power lines of the four atomizers 121 of the present embodiment are connected to the power source with the external power supply voltage of 220V, and the control unit 200 makes the piezoelectric ceramic plates of the atomizers 121 perform ultrasonic vibration through the electric signal with the frequency of 2.4MHz generated by the oscillator, and the power of the atomizers 121 is 12W.

Wherein the fuel gas is hydrogen, the inlet pressure is 4MPa, the pressure is reduced to 0.3MPa, and then the hydrogen is fed into the air inlet 112 of the atomizer, and the flow rate of the hydrogen is 30L/min; the atomizing target is pure water, and the mist outlet end of the atomizer 121 is immersed in the pure water in the atomizing chamber 111 and is made 1.5cm lower than the liquid level line. After pure water is atomized by the atomizer 121, mist droplets move upward above the liquid surface and are mixed with hydrogen gas from the gas inlet 112 to form atomized gas, which flows out from the atomized gas outlet 113, and the volume water content of the atomized gas flowing out from the atomized gas outlet 113 is 13%. The atomized gas flowing out of the atomized gas outlet 113 is heated into high-temperature wet fuel gas at 600 ℃ by the heating device 500, and then enters the solid oxide fuel cell stack for electrochemical reaction, and in operation, the pressure fluctuation amplitude at the atomized gas outlet 113 is 210Pa, and the change rate is lower than 0.7 per mill.

Fifth embodiment

The present embodiment provides a fuel humidifying device 100 of a solid oxide fuel cell, which has a structure identical to that of the fuel humidifying device 100 of the fourth embodiment.

Further, the present embodiment also provides a fuel feed system 10 of a solid oxide fuel cell, which is similar in structure to the fuel feed system 10 of the fourth embodiment, except that: with the fuel humidifying device 100 of the present embodiment, the power lines of the four atomizers 121 of the present embodiment are connected to a power source with an external power supply voltage of 24V, and the control unit 200 makes the piezoelectric ceramic plates of the atomizers 121 perform ultrasonic vibration through an electric signal with an oscillator generation frequency of 1.5MHz, the power of the atomizers 121 is 20W, and the heater operating power is 5kW.

Wherein the gas is methane gas, the inlet pressure is 4MPa, the gas is decompressed to 0.2MPa and then is sent into the air inlet 112 of the atomizer, and the gas flow is 20L/min; the atomizing target was pure water, and the mist outlet end of the atomizer 121 was immersed in the pure water in the atomizing chamber 111 so as to be 2cm below the liquid level line. After pure water is atomized by the atomizer 121, mist droplets move upward above the liquid surface and are mixed with the gas from the gas inlet 112 to form atomized gas, which flows out from the atomized gas outlet 113, and the volume water content of the atomized gas flowing out from the atomized gas outlet 113 is 67%. The atomized gas flowing out of the atomized gas outlet 113 is heated into high-temperature wet fuel gas at 650 ℃ by the heating device 500, and then enters the solid oxide fuel cell stack for electrochemical reaction, and in operation, the pressure fluctuation amplitude at the atomized gas outlet 113 is 180Pa, and the change rate is lower than 0.9 per mill.

Sixth embodiment

Referring to fig. 12, the present embodiment provides a fuel humidifying device 100 of a solid oxide fuel cell, which has a similar structure to the fuel humidifying device 100 of the fourth embodiment, and differs only in that:

1) The atomizer 121 is a microporous mesh atomizer.

2) The shell 110 is basin-shaped, made of stainless steel, has a wall thickness of 2.5mm and an equivalent inner diameter of 20cm; the volume of the atomizing chamber 111 is 15L; the water injection member 122 is made of stainless steel, and the inner diameter of the water injection member 122 is 2mm.

3) The shell 110 of this embodiment is further provided with a liquid level sensor 140, one end of the liquid level sensor 140 extends into the atomization cavity 111, the axis of the liquid level sensor 140 is parallel to the axis of the atomizer 121, and is located on the same side of the shell 110 as the atomizer 121, and the outer diameter of the liquid level sensor 140 is 2mm.

Further, the present embodiment also provides a fuel feed system 10 of a solid oxide fuel cell, which is similar in structure to the fuel feed system 10 of the fourth embodiment, except that: the fuel humidifying device 100 of the present embodiment is employed, and the power of the atomizer 121 is 10W.

Wherein the fuel gas is hydrogen, the inlet pressure is 4MPa, the pressure is reduced to 0.2MPa, and then the hydrogen is fed into the air inlet 112 of the atomizer, and the flow rate of the hydrogen is 10L/min; the atomizing target was pure water, and the mist outlet end of the atomizer 121 was immersed in the pure water in the atomizing chamber 111 so as to be 2cm below the liquid level line. After pure water is atomized by the atomizer 121, mist droplets move upward above the liquid surface and are mixed with hydrogen gas from the gas inlet 112 to form atomized gas, which flows out from the atomized gas outlet 113, and the volume water content of the atomized gas flowing out from the atomized gas outlet 113 is 10%. The atomized gas flowing out of the atomized gas outlet 113 is heated into 640 ℃ high-temperature wet fuel gas through the heating device 500, and then enters the solid oxide fuel cell stack for electrochemical reaction, and in operation, the pressure fluctuation amplitude at the atomized gas outlet 113 is 130Pa, and the change rate is lower than 0.65 per mill.

Seventh embodiment

Referring to fig. 13, the present embodiment provides a fuel humidifying device 100 of a solid oxide fuel cell, which has a similar structure to the fuel humidifying device 100 of the fifth embodiment, and differs only in that:

1) The top of the atomizing chamber 111 of the present embodiment is provided with a turbulence member 150 protruding from the inner wall surface of the housing 110, the turbulence member 150 is semicircular, the height is 3cm, and the diameter is 6cm.

Further, the present embodiment also provides a fuel feed system 10 of a solid oxide fuel cell, which is similar in structure to the fuel feed system 10 of the fourth embodiment, except that: the fuel humidifying device 100 of the present embodiment is employed, and the power of the atomizer 121 is 15W.

Wherein the fuel gas is hydrogen, the inlet pressure is 4MPa, the pressure is reduced to 0.3MPa, and then the hydrogen is fed into the air inlet 112 of the atomizer, and the flow rate of the hydrogen is 20L/min; the atomizing target was pure water, and the mist outlet end of the atomizer 121 was immersed in the pure water in the atomizing chamber 111 so as to be 2cm below the liquid level line. After pure water is atomized by the atomizer 121, mist droplets move upward above the liquid surface and are mixed with hydrogen gas from the gas inlet 112 to form atomized gas, which flows out from the atomized gas outlet 113, and the volume water content of the atomized gas flowing out from the atomized gas outlet 113 is 12%. The atomized gas flowing out of the atomized gas outlet 113 is heated into 610 ℃ high-temperature wet fuel gas by the heating device 500, and then enters the solid oxide fuel cell stack for electrochemical reaction, and in operation, the pressure fluctuation amplitude at the atomized gas outlet 113 is 178Pa, and the change rate is lower than 0.59 per mill.

Eighth embodiment

Referring to fig. 14 and 15, the present embodiment provides a fuel humidifying device 100 of a solid oxide fuel cell, which includes an atomizing gas generating unit and an atomizing unit.

The atomizing gas generating unit is a hollow housing 110, an atomizing chamber 111 is formed in a space inside the housing 110, the housing 110 is cylindrical, and an air inlet 112 and an atomizing gas outlet 113 which are communicated with the atomizing chamber 111 are arranged on two circular surfaces of the cylinder. The atomizing chamber 111 is located between the air inlet 112 and the atomizing air outlet 113, and axes of the air inlet 112, the atomizing air outlet 113, and the cylinder of the main body portion of the housing 110 are all coincident.

The atomizing unit includes two langevin-type atomizers, and two atomizers 121 are oppositely arranged on the side wall surface of the housing 110 and are communicated with the atomizing chamber 111. The atomizer 121 is provided with a water inlet 115, the water inlet 115 is arranged outside the shell 110, and the mist outlet end is communicated with the atomization cavity 111. The external water source directly enters water through the atomizer 121, is atomized into small fog drops in the atomizer 121, is sprayed into the atomization cavity 111 from the fog outlet end, is mixed with fuel gas in the atomization cavity 111 to form atomized gas, and flows out from the atomized gas outlet 113.

Referring to fig. 3 in combination with fig. 16, further, the present embodiment also provides a fuel feeding system 10 of a solid oxide fuel cell, which has a similar structure to the fuel feeding system 10 of the first embodiment, and differs from the first embodiment only in that: with the fuel humidifying device 100 of the present embodiment, the power line of the atomizer 121 is connected to the power source with the external power supply voltage of 48V, and the power of the atomizer 121 is 5W.

Wherein the fuel gas is hydrogen, the inlet pressure is 4MPa, the pressure is reduced to 0.2MPa, and the hydrogen is fed into the air inlet 112 of the atomizer, and the flow rate of the hydrogen is 5L/min; the atomization object is pure water. After pure water enters the atomizer 121 for atomization, mist drops enter the atomization cavity 111 to be mixed with hydrogen from the air inlet 112, formed atomized gas flows out from the atomized gas outlet 113, and the volume water content of the atomized gas flowing out from the atomized gas outlet 113 is 10%. The atomized gas flowing out of the atomized gas outlet 113 is heated into 610 ℃ high-temperature wet fuel gas by the heating device 500, and then enters the solid oxide fuel cell stack for electrochemical reaction, and in operation, the pressure fluctuation amplitude at the atomized gas outlet 113 is 55Pa, and the change rate is lower than 0.275 per mill.

Ninth embodiment

Referring to fig. 17 and 18, the present embodiment provides a fuel humidifying device 100 of a solid oxide fuel cell, which has a similar structure to the fuel humidifying device 100 of the seventh embodiment, and differs only in that:

1) The number of atomizers 121 in this embodiment is three, and three atomizers 121 are arranged at even intervals.

Further, the present embodiment also provides a fuel feed system 10 of a solid oxide fuel cell, which is similar in structure to the fuel feed system 10 of the seventh embodiment, except that: the atomizer 121 is connected with the control unit 200 through a communication line with a USB interface, the power line of the atomizer 121 is connected with a power supply with an external power supply voltage of 220V, the control unit 200 enables the piezoelectric ceramic plate of the atomizer 121 to perform ultrasonic vibration through an electric signal with the frequency of 1.5MHz generated by the oscillator, and the power of the atomizer 121 is 3W.

Wherein the fuel gas is hydrogen, the inlet pressure is 4MPa, the pressure is reduced to 0.3MPa, and the hydrogen is fed into the air inlet 112 of the atomizer, and the flow rate of the hydrogen is 25L/min; the atomization object is pure water. After pure water enters the atomizer 121 for atomization, mist drops enter the atomization cavity 111 to be mixed with hydrogen from the air inlet 112, formed atomized gas flows out from the atomized gas outlet 113, and the volume water content of the atomized gas flowing out from the atomized gas outlet 113 is 13%. The atomized gas flowing out of the atomized gas outlet 113 is heated into high-temperature wet fuel gas at 580 ℃ through the heating device 500, and then enters the solid oxide fuel cell stack for electrochemical reaction, and in operation, the pressure fluctuation amplitude at the atomized gas outlet 113 is 193Pa, and the change rate is lower than 0.65 per mill.

Tenth embodiment

Referring to fig. 19 and 20, the present embodiment provides a fuel humidifying device 100 of a solid oxide fuel cell, which has a similar structure to the fuel humidifying device 100 of the eighth embodiment, and differs only in that:

1) The number of atomizers 121 in this embodiment is four, and four atomizers 121 are arranged at even intervals.

Further, the present embodiment also provides a fuel feed system 10 of a solid oxide fuel cell, which is similar in structure to the fuel feed system 10 of the eighth embodiment, except that: the power supply line of the atomizer 121 is connected to a power supply having an external power supply voltage of 24V.

Wherein the fuel gas is hydrogen, the inlet pressure is 4MPa, the pressure is reduced to 0.4MPa, and the hydrogen is delivered into the air inlet 112 of the atomizer, and the flow rate of the hydrogen is 30L/min; the atomization object is pure water. After pure water enters the atomizer 121 for atomization, mist drops enter the atomization cavity 111 to be mixed with hydrogen from the air inlet 112, formed atomized gas flows out from the atomized gas outlet 113, and the volume water content of the atomized gas flowing out from the atomized gas outlet 113 is 15%. The atomized gas flowing out of the atomized gas outlet 113 is heated into high-temperature wet fuel gas with the temperature of 550 ℃ by the heating device 500, and then enters the solid oxide fuel cell stack for electrochemical reaction, and in operation, the pressure fluctuation amplitude at the atomized gas outlet 113 is 225Pa, and the change rate is lower than 0.56 per mill.

Eleventh embodiment

The present embodiment provides a fuel humidifying device 100 of a solid oxide fuel cell, which has a structure identical to that of the fuel humidifying device 100 of the seventh embodiment.

Further, the present embodiment also provides a fuel feed system 10 of a solid oxide fuel cell, which is similar in structure to the fuel feed system 10 of the eighth embodiment, except that: the power supply line of the atomizer 121 is connected to a power supply having an external power supply voltage of 24V, and the control unit 200 generates an electric signal having a frequency of 1.5MHz through the oscillator. The heating mode of the heating device 500 is resistance heating, and the working power of the heater is 5kW.

Wherein, the gas is natural gas with 10 percent of hydrogen-doped volume ratio, the inlet pressure is 4MPa, the gas is decompressed to 0.2MPa and then is sent into the gas inlet 112 of the atomizer, and the gas flow is 15L/min; the atomization object is pure water. After pure water enters the atomizer 121 for atomization, mist drops enter the atomization cavity 111 to be mixed with fuel gas from the air inlet 112, formed atomized gas flows out from the atomized gas outlet 113, and the volume water content of the atomized gas flowing out from the atomized gas outlet 113 is 60%. The atomized gas flowing out of the atomized gas outlet 113 is heated into 640 ℃ high-temperature wet fuel gas by the heating device 500, and then enters the solid oxide fuel cell stack for electrochemical reaction, and in operation, the pressure fluctuation amplitude at the atomized gas outlet 113 is 165Pa, and the change rate is lower than 0.825 per mill.

First comparative example

This comparative example provides a fuel humidifying device 100 of a solid oxide fuel cell, which is similar in structure to the fourth embodiment of the present application, except that the atomizer 121 is replaced with a resistive heater.

The present comparative example also provides a fuel humidifying method of a solid oxide fuel cell, the specific steps of which are the same as those of the fourth embodiment, except that the fuel humidifying device 100 provided in the present comparative example is employed. With the same condition detection as in the fourth embodiment, the amplitude of the pressure fluctuation at the atomizing gas outlet 113 is 15KPa, and the rate of change is 5% during the operation of the fuel humidifying device 100, which is much higher than 0.7% of the fourth embodiment.

In summary, the fuel humidifying device 100, method and application of the solid oxide fuel cell provided in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following advantages:

By providing the atomizing unit, the atomizer 121 in the atomizing unit can atomize the liquid into fine mist droplets, and then the mist droplets are mixed with the gas introduced from the gas inlet 112 in the atomizing cavity 111, and the obtained atomized gas flows out from the atomized gas outlet 113, thereby completing the humidification of the gas. The device is easy to operate, the quantity of fog drops generated can be controlled by controlling the working state of the atomizer 121, so that the control of the gas humidification degree is realized, the whole humidification process has no severe fluctuation of volume, and therefore, the gas circuit system of the fuel is always in a stable state, the stability of the solid oxide fuel cell power generation system is favorably improved, and the service life of a galvanic pile is prolonged.

According to the fuel air inlet system, the control of parameters such as air inlet flow, water inlet flow, atomization power and the like can be realized through the control unit 200, the control of the humidity of atomized air is realized, and then the control of the temperature of humidified air is realized through the control of the heating power of the heating device 500, so that the fuel gas entering the fuel cell power generation system is stable and controllable.

The invention enables the gas humidification process to always be in a stable state by the atomization humidification method, can effectively solve the unstable phenomenon caused by the humidification of the fuel in the existing fuel cell system, and has lower humidification power, easier maintenance of the humidification device and longer and more reliable service time. When the device is used for a fuel cell power generation system, the device can continuously and stably humidify fuel gas, and has no mechanical moving parts, so that the device has low noise.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fuel humidifying device of a solid oxide fuel cell, characterized by comprising an atomizing gas generating unit and an atomizing unit;

The atomization gas generating unit comprises a shell, an atomization cavity is formed in the shell, an air inlet, an atomization gas outlet and an atomization unit mounting opening which are all communicated with the atomization cavity are formed in the shell, and the atomization unit is fixed with the shell through the atomization unit mounting opening;

The atomizing unit comprises at least one atomizer, the atomizing unit mounting opening comprises an atomizer mounting opening used for mounting the atomizer, the atomizing end of the atomizer is positioned in the atomizing cavity, and the axis of the atomizer mounting opening is intersected with the connecting line of the air inlet and the atomizing air outlet, so that water mist generated by the atomizer is mixed with fuel from the solid oxide fuel cell of the air inlet, and the fuel is humidified.

2. The fuel humidifying device according to claim 1, wherein the atomizer is an ultrasonic atomizer comprising a liquid-storage atomizer or a non-liquid-storage atomizer;

The liquid storage type atomizer comprises a monocrystal piezoelectric ceramic atomizer or a microporous mesh atomizer; the non-liquid storage atomizer is a Langmuir transduction atomizer;

preferably, a plurality of atomizers are symmetrically arranged on the shell at intervals;

Preferably, when the atomizer is a liquid storage type atomizer, the atomization cavity comprises a liquid storage area and an aerosol mixing area, and the atomization unit mounting opening is arranged on a shell corresponding to the liquid storage area; the atomization unit further comprises a water injection piece, the atomization unit mounting port on the shell further comprises a water inlet, and the water injection piece is mounted in the water inlet;

When the atomizer is a Langmuir transduction atomizer, a water inlet is arranged on the atomizer, and the water inlet is positioned outside the shell;

preferably, the inner diameter of the water injection member is 0.1-20 mm, more preferably 0.5-3 mm;

preferably, when the atomizer is a liquid storage type atomizer, a liquid level sensor is further installed on the shell, and one end of the liquid level sensor extends into the atomization cavity.

3. The fuel humidifying apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising at least one spoiler protruding from an inner wall surface of the housing;

Preferably, the shape of the turbulence piece is streamline, and the turbulence piece is arranged between the air inlet and the atomizer mounting opening;

Preferably, the height of the turbulence piece is 1/5-1/3 of the inner diameter of the atomization cavity;

Preferably, the wall thickness of the shell is 0.5-5 mm, and the equivalent inner diameter is 1-30 cm; the volume of the atomizing cavity is 0.1-100L, and the cross section of the atomizing cavity comprises any one of a circle, an ellipse or a polygon;

Preferably, the atomizing chamber is located between the air inlet and the atomizing gas outlet;

4. The fuel humidifying device according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of atomizer fixing pieces and a fastener, wherein a plurality of atomizer fixing pieces are coated on the outer wall surface of the housing, and two adjacent atomizer fixing pieces are connected through the fastener;

5. A fuel feed system of a solid oxide fuel cell, characterized by comprising a control unit, an air intake unit, a water storage unit and the fuel humidifying device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4;

The air inlet unit is communicated with the air inlet of the fuel humidifying device, the water storage unit is communicated with the atomizing unit of the fuel humidifying device, and the atomized air outlet of the fuel humidifying device is communicated with air utilization equipment; and the air inlet unit, the water storage unit and the fuel humidifying device are all in communication connection with the control unit.

6. The fuel feed system of claim 5, further comprising a heating device in communication with the atomizing gas outlet of the fuel humidifying device;

Preferably, the heating mode of the heating device comprises any one of resistance heating, radiation heating or convection heat exchange;

preferably, the outlet temperature of the heating device is 150-900 ℃.

7. A method of humidifying a fuel for a solid oxide fuel cell, adapted for use in a fuel humidifying apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising introducing a fuel gas into said atomizing chamber along said inlet, said atomizer atomizing liquid water into droplets which mix with said fuel gas to form an atomized gas and discharging along said atomized gas outlet.

8. The fuel humidification method of claim 7, wherein the fuel gas comprises any one of hydrogen gas, hydrocarbon gas, or hydrogen-loaded natural gas;

The hydrocarbon gas comprises any one of methane, natural gas or propane;

Preferably, when the fuel gas is hydrogen, the obtained atomized gas has a volume water content of 1-20%;

When the fuel gas is hydrocarbon gas, the obtained atomized gas has a volume water content of 1 to 75%, more preferably 50 to 67%;

9. The fuel humidification method of claim 7 or 8, wherein the rate of pressure change at the atomizing gas outlet is less than 1%.

10. Use of a fuel humidifying device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or a fuel humidifying method according to any one of claims 7 to 9 for improving the stability of a solid oxide fuel cell power generation system.