CN118136381A

CN118136381A - Integrated inductor, monitoring circuit and power supply management method

Info

Publication number: CN118136381A
Application number: CN202410538773.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 花得阳; 王羽茜
Original assignee: Suzhou Metabrain Intelligent Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Suzhou Metabrain Intelligent Technology Co Ltd
Filing date: 2024-04-30
Publication date: 2024-06-04

Abstract

The invention provides an integrated inductor, a monitoring circuit and a power supply management method, and relates to the field of integrated circuits. The integrated inductor comprises: an inductance winding; forming a sampling resistor by a part of or all of the inductance windings, wherein the sampling resistor or a part of the sampling resistor is used for sampling a current signal; the sampling area is located in the target area of the inductance winding, and the sampling area is used for sampling the current signal. The invention realizes the design integration of the whole circuit filtering structure and the sampling structure, effectively reduces the occupied board area of the filtering structure circuit and the sampling structure circuit, lightens the design pressure of the layout and the wiring of the main board and also reduces the system loss. Meanwhile, the design of a high-order filtering structure is realized, and the filtering effect is effectively improved. The high-precision differential sampling of voltage and current signals in the circuit is realized, the accurate through-current power is obtained, good data support is provided for intelligent management of a power supply system, and the high-precision differential sampling circuit has high practicability.

Description

Integrated inductor, monitoring circuit and power supply management method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of integrated circuits, in particular to an integrated inductor, a monitoring circuit and a power supply management method.

Background

With the vigorous development of application fields such as big data, cloud computing, AI, meta-universe, etc., for devices with computing capabilities, for example: the power demand of devices such as servers is increasing and the power consumption scale is continually refreshed. Under the large background of low PUE (Power Usage Effectiveness, power use efficiency), power and power coordination and the like, which is low-carbon and green and environment-friendly, the intelligent control of the power supply system with the computing capacity equipment is required to be more refined, so that the requirements of low-carbon and environment-friendly are met.

At present, in order to realize the intelligent control of a power supply system, the board level of the equipment needs to accurately detect the information such as the input and output voltage, the current power and the like of the converter, so that the intelligent control system is more accurately connected with the state of the power converter to optimize the whole equipment to ensure that the energy efficiency is optimal.

In order to achieve the above objective, a general method is to add a power sampling resistor and a corresponding sampling circuit to an original filtering link in the process of detecting the power input/output state, so as to accurately obtain the power input/output state. But the addition of the power sampling resistor and the corresponding sampling circuit makes the motherboard which is originally very tense in layout more fly. In particular, a large number of VRs (Voltage Regulator, voltage regulators) exist in the main board structure of the high-computing power device, and each VR needs to be increased by a power sampling resistor and a corresponding sampling circuit, so that a large amount of space needs to be increased to meet the design scheme, however, the board-level design space is limited, which obviously does not meet the development requirement of the device with computing power.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention provides an integrated inductor, a monitoring circuit and a power supply management method.

The embodiment of the invention provides an integrated inductor, which comprises: an inductance winding;

wherein, a sampling resistor is formed by a part of the inductance winding or the sampling resistor is formed by all the inductance windings, and the sampling resistor or a part of the sampling resistor is used for sampling signals;

The sampling area is located in a target area of the inductance winding, the target area refers to an area located in the middle of the inductance winding, wherein the sampling area is used for sampling the signal and is an area with characteristics in the inductance winding, and the characteristics include: the DC impedance accuracy is higher than a preset DC impedance accuracy and the sampling accuracy of the signal is higher than a preset sampling accuracy.

Optionally, the inductance winding includes: an odd turn winding and an even turn winding;

When the inductance winding is the odd-turn winding, the sampling area is positioned in the middle symmetrical position area at the top of the integrated inductance;

when the inductance winding is the even-number-turn winding, the sampling area is positioned in the middle symmetrical position area at the bottom of the integrated inductor.

Optionally, when the sampling area is located at the top of the integrated inductor, selecting a point as a sampling point at any position on two sides of the edge of the inductor winding forming the sampling resistor;

two sampling pins are led out from the two sampling points through one sampling line respectively;

when the sampling area is positioned at the bottom of the integrated inductor, two points are selected as two sampling pins at any positions on two sides of the edge of the inductor winding forming the sampling resistor.

Optionally, when the sampling area is located at the top of the integrated inductor, the inductor winding and the sampling line are both located inside the magnetic material of the integrated inductor.

Optionally, the integrated inductor includes: the device comprises a first inductor, a second inductor and a sampling inductor, wherein a winding of the sampling inductor forms the sampling resistor;

the first inductor, the second inductor and the sampling inductor are connected in series;

The characteristics of the first inductor and the second inductor are the same;

The characteristics of the sampling inductor are different from or partially the same as those of the first inductor and the second inductor.

Optionally, a

The material forming the inductance winding of the sampling inductance comprises: manganese copper material or constantan material;

The material forming the inductance windings of the first inductance and the second inductance comprises: general materials.

The embodiment of the invention provides a monitoring circuit, which comprises: the device comprises a filtering sampling unit, a signal processing unit and a power supply management unit;

the filtering sampling unit comprises the integrated inductor, and is used for filtering and collecting voltage signals and current signals and outputting the voltage signals and the current signals to the signal processing unit;

The signal processing unit is used for processing the voltage signal and the current signal and transmitting the processed data to the power supply management unit;

The power supply management unit is used for performing power consumption monitoring management and regulating and controlling the real-time state of the power supply according to the processed data.

Optionally, the filtering sampling unit further includes: a plurality of filter capacitors;

The filter structure formed by the filter capacitors and the integrated inductor comprises: inductance capacitance filter structure, primary filter structure, secondary filter structure and tertiary filter structure.

Optionally, the plurality of filter capacitors includes: a first filter capacitor;

one end of the first filter capacitor is connected with the second end of the integrated inductor, and the other end of the first filter capacitor is connected with the negative end of the system or the ground end of GND;

The first filter capacitor and the integrated inductor form the inductance-capacitance filter structure.

Optionally, the plurality of filter capacitors includes: the first filter capacitor and the second filter capacitor;

One end of the second filter capacitor is connected with the first end of the integrated inductor, and the other end of the second filter capacitor is connected with the negative end of the system or the GND ground end;

the first filter capacitor, the second filter capacitor and the integrated inductor form the primary filter structure.

Optionally, the plurality of filter capacitors includes: the first filter capacitor, the second filter capacitor and the third filter capacitor;

one end of the third filter capacitor is connected with any sampling pin of a sampling resistor in the integrated inductor, and the other end of the third filter capacitor is connected with the negative end of the system or the GND ground end;

the first filter capacitor, the second filter capacitor, the third filter capacitor and the integrated inductor form the secondary filter structure.

Optionally, the plurality of filter capacitors includes: the first filter capacitor, the second filter capacitor, the third filter capacitor and the fourth filter capacitor;

One end of the third filter capacitor is connected with a first sampling pin of a sampling resistor in the integrated inductor, and the other end of the third filter capacitor is connected with the negative end of the system or the GND ground end;

One end of the fourth filter capacitor is connected with a second sampling pin of the sampling resistor, and the other end of the fourth filter capacitor is connected with the negative end of the system or the GND ground end;

The first filter capacitor, the second filter capacitor, the third filter capacitor, the fourth filter capacitor and the integrated inductor form the three-stage filter structure.

Optionally, the signal processing unit includes: the device comprises a voltage and current sampling subunit, an error compensation subunit, a noise filtering subunit and a differential input conversion subunit;

The voltage and current sampling subunit is used for respectively acquiring voltage signals and current signals according to control signals and transmitting the voltage signals and the current signals to the noise filtering subunit;

the noise filtering subunit is used for filtering the voltage signal and the current signal in a noise manner and transmitting the voltage signal and the current signal subjected to noise filtering to the differential input conversion subunit;

and the differential input conversion subunit respectively performs data processing on the voltage signal and the current signal subjected to noise filtering, and outputs the processed data to the power supply management unit.

Optionally, the voltage-current sampling subunit includes: a selection switch, a first input resistor and a second input resistor;

the first end of the selection switch is connected with the negative end of the system or the ground end of GND, the second end of the selection switch is connected with a second sampling pin of a sampling resistor in the integrated inductor through the error compensation subunit, and the third end of the selection switch is connected with the first end of the first input resistor;

The second end of the first input resistor is connected with the noise filtering subunit;

The first end of the second input resistor is connected with the first pin of the sampling resistor, and the second end of the second input resistor is connected with the noise filtering subunit.

Optionally, the error compensation subunit includes: a compensation resistor; the compensation resistor and the sampling resistor have similar or proportional temperature drift characteristics;

The first end of the compensation resistor is connected with the second sampling pin of the sampling resistor, and the second end of the compensation resistor is connected with the second end of the selection switch.

Optionally, the noise filtering subunit includes: a first common-mode capacitor, a second common-mode capacitor, and a differential-mode capacitor;

The first end of the first common mode capacitor is connected with the second end of the first input resistor and the first end of the differential mode capacitor respectively, and the second end of the first common mode capacitor is connected with the second end of the second common mode capacitor;

The second end of the differential mode capacitor is respectively connected with the second end of the second input resistor and the first end of the second common mode capacitor;

the first end of the first common mode capacitor, the second end of the differential mode capacitor and the second end of the second common mode capacitor are all connected with the differential input conversion subunit.

Optionally, the differential input conversion subunit includes: feedback resistor, matching resistor and analog-to-digital converter;

the first end of the analog-to-digital converter is respectively connected with the first end of the first common-mode capacitor, the first end of the differential-mode capacitor and the first end of the feedback resistor;

the second end of the analog-to-digital converter is respectively connected with the first end of the second common-mode capacitor, the second end of the differential-mode capacitor and the first end of the matching resistor;

The third end of the analog-to-digital converter is respectively connected with the second end of the feedback resistor and the power supply management unit;

The second end of the matching resistor is connected with the GND ground end.

Optionally, the voltage and current sampling subunit collects information of the positive end and the negative end of the power input according to the control signal to obtain the voltage signal;

And the voltage and current sampling subunit collects the current flowing through the sampling resistor according to the control signal to obtain the current signal, wherein the current signal is the current signal flowing through the compensation resistor after temperature drift error compensation.

Optionally, the resistance of the first input resistor is the same as the resistance of the second input resistor;

the capacitance value of the first common mode capacitor is the same as that of the second common mode capacitor;

the capacitance value of the differential mode capacitor is the same as or different from that of the first common mode capacitor;

the resistance value of the feedback resistor is the same as that of the matching resistor;

the resistance value of the first input resistor is the same as or different from the resistance value of the feedback resistor.

Optionally, the monitoring circuit further comprises: a digital interface unit;

The digital interface is respectively connected with the signal processing unit and the power supply management unit, and is a physical channel between the signal processing unit and the power supply management unit.

The embodiment of the invention also provides a power supply management method, which is applied to any one of the monitoring circuits, and comprises the following steps:

the signal processing unit receives a control signal from the power supply management unit;

The signal processing unit acquires the voltage signal and the current signal by utilizing the integrated inductor according to the control signal;

The signal processing unit processes the voltage signal and the current signal, and transmits the processed data to the power supply management unit, so that the power supply management unit stores the processed data, and performs power consumption monitoring management and regulates and controls the real-time state of the power supply according to the processed data.

The integrated inductor provided by the invention creatively provides a novel integrated inductor based on the current traditional inductor structure, integrates the sampling resistor into the inductor, skillfully multiplexes the inductor winding of the inductor, realizes the inductor effect of the integrated inductor, simultaneously has the function of the sampling resistor, and realizes the acquisition and monitoring of voltage and current based on one device. The circuit device can effectively reduce the occupied area of the circuit device, lighten the layout and wiring pressure of the main board, reduce the loss of a power supply link and accurately detect the power input and output states.

In addition, based on the brand new integrated inductor, a new monitoring circuit is provided, and due to the reduction of circuit devices, the structure of the monitoring circuit is simpler than that of the traditional monitoring circuit, the monitoring circuit is accurate and easy to use, the complexity is low, the power input and output states are accurately detected, and meanwhile, the monitoring method is simpler and more practical, the management and control effects are better, and the monitoring circuit has higher practicability.

Drawings

Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout the figures. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a conventional power supply monitoring scheme in a device with computing capabilities;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a conventional monitoring circuit;

FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of an odd turn integrated inductor in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic bottom view of an odd turn integrated inductor in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional elevation of an odd turn integrated inductor in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a top schematic view of an even turn integrated inductor in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic bottom view of an even turn integrated inductor in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional elevation of an even turn integrated inductor in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a modular schematic diagram of a monitoring circuit according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram of a preferred monitoring circuit in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 11 is a flowchart of a power supply management method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

The inventor finds that in order to achieve the aim of accurately detecting the information such as the input and output voltage, the current power and the like of the converter, a general adopted mode is to add a power sampling resistor and a corresponding sampling circuit in the original filtering link in the process of detecting the power input and output state so as to accurately acquire the power input and output state. But the addition of the power sampling resistor and the corresponding sampling circuit makes the motherboard which is originally very tense in layout more fly.

Taking a high computing power server as an example: in the design of the server board level VR, there is a filtering link and a voltage and current sampling link, and referring to the conventional technical scheme block diagram shown in fig. 1: the filter receives an input voltage Vin, and the input voltage Vin is formed by connecting the filter with the power sampling resistor unit in series, and the voltage monitoring circuit detects the input voltage Vin to obtain an input voltage signal and outputs the input voltage signal to the management system; the current monitoring circuit detects the current flowing through the circuit to obtain a current signal and outputs the current signal to the management system.

The filter is generally of a passive structure and consists of an inductor and a capacitor, and has the function of filtering high-frequency noise; the power sampling resistor unit is generally composed of a power resistor and a capacitor and is used for taking circuit current, the current monitoring circuit is used for detecting the voltage at two sides of the power resistor through differential sampling to obtain current information, the current information and the voltage information are transmitted to the management system together, and the management system processes the data and is used for system power supply management and control.

For a better understanding of the above technical solution, a specific circuit structure is taken as an example, and reference is made to the schematic structural diagram of the conventional monitoring circuit shown in fig. 2. In fig. 2, the filter is composed of an inductance L10, a capacitance C11, and a capacitance C12, the sampling resistor unit is composed of a resistor R10, a capacitance C13, and a capacitance C14, the circuit for monitoring the current is composed of an operational amplifier (OPA, operational Amplifier) U11B, and resistors R13-R16, the circuit for monitoring the voltage is composed of another operational amplifier U11A, and resistors R11, R12, and the management system is composed of a digital integrated circuit with an ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter ) interface such as an MCU (Microcontroller Unit, a microcontroller) or a CPLD (Complex Programmable Logic Device, a complex programmable logic device).

The input voltage Vin is collected by a circuit for monitoring voltage to obtain a voltage signal Vvin, the voltage signal Vvin is transmitted to the management system, and the input voltage Vin is filtered by a filter and then is output to Vo. The current of the circuit is acquired by a circuit for monitoring the current to obtain a current signal Vlin, the current signal Vlin is transmitted to a management system, and the management system performs power supply management and control according to the voltage signal and the current signal.

The inductor L10 is a power device, and is generally large in size, and the sampling resistor is not small in size according to the use requirement. And the voltage and the current are respectively and independently sampled, two operational amplifiers are occupied, and no reasonable compensation circuit is used for compensating sampling deviation. The filter is only of a primary filtering structure, and the filtering effect is poor, so that the traditional monitoring circuit is complex in structure, low in precision, poor in control effect and large in occupied area.

Taking a high-computation-power server motherboard as an example: the number of power supplies is up to 30, and each power supply input/output circuit has the circuit structure shown in the figure 2, so that the number of inductors and sampling resistors occupies a large area of the main board, the area cost is high, and the main board of the server which is originally very tense in layout is more caught and broken through.

In order to solve the problems, the inventor creatively provides an integrated inductor, a monitoring circuit and a power supply management method through a great deal of researches and actual measurement. The integrated inductor, the monitoring circuit and the power supply management method provided by the invention are explained and illustrated in detail below.

The inventor finds through a great deal of research and tests that the inductance winding in the current inductance structure is generally made of alloy materials such as constantan or manganese copper, and the materials are not traditional sampling resistor manufacturing materials, but have the same resistance characteristics and can be equivalent to the sampling resistor to complete the corresponding functions. The inventor creatively proposes to form the sampling resistor with a part of the inductance windings, and the rest of the inductance windings form a common inductance; or the sampling resistor is formed by all the inductance windings, and the sampling resistor or a part of the sampling resistor is used for sampling the current signal of the circuit.

The integrated inductor has the functions of filtering and sampling and can be regarded as an integrated power device, so that the space and the occupied area of the power device are reduced, and the loss of a power supply link is reduced.

The integrated inductor integrates the sampling resistor into the inductor, wherein the sampling resistor is a part or all of an inductor winding. In order to ensure the accuracy of the sampling current, a sampling area is selected according to the actual requirement and the manufacturing process, instead of randomly searching a position on the formed sampling resistor to sample. It is therefore preferred that the sampling area is located in a target area of the inductor winding, which target area is the area located in the middle of the inductor winding, for example: for a wound inductor winding, the principle of target area selection is as follows: the area which is positioned in the middle of the inductance winding after the inductance winding is straightened; for non-wound inductor windings (e.g., integrally formed toroidal sheets), the target area is selected based on the following criteria: the area is positioned at the arc top position of the annular inductance winding. Since the sampling region is used for sampling of the signal, it is required that it is a region in the inductive winding having characteristics including: the DC impedance accuracy is higher than a preset DC impedance accuracy and the sampling accuracy of the signal is higher than a preset sampling accuracy. For example: the inductive winding can be made of a material with high direct current impedance accuracy and high accuracy of the sampled current signal in the sampling area, and made of a material with relatively low accuracy in other areas. Such as: compared with the general material, the manganese-copper alloy has the characteristics of high direct current impedance precision and high sampling current signal precision, so the manganese-copper alloy can be manufactured in the middle position area of the whole inductance winding, and the rest areas are manufactured by the general material. Of course, the whole inductance winding can be made of manganese-copper alloy, and then the area positioned in the middle of the inductance winding is selected as a sampling area. This is because the current flowing through this region is more stable and the sampled signal obtained by natural sampling is more accurate.

In addition, considering the structure of the current inductor, the inductor winding has various forms and different turns, the integrated inductor structure provided by the invention is described by minimum number of 1 turn and 2 turns of odd turns and even turns of the inductor winding, and other odd turns and even turns can be obtained by simple reasoning by those skilled in the art, and are not repeated.

Preferably, the inductor winding comprises: an odd turn winding and an even turn winding; when the inductance winding is an odd-number-turn winding, the sampling area is positioned in the middle symmetrical position area at the top of the integrated inductance; when the inductance winding is an even-number-turn winding, the sampling area is positioned in the middle symmetrical position area at the bottom of the integrated inductance. This is due to the difference in the locations of the sampling regions of the odd-turn windings and the even-turn windings due to the difference in the structures of the odd-turn windings and the even-turn windings.

For a better understanding of the above-mentioned integrated inductor, reference is made to the top schematic view of the odd turn integrated inductor shown in fig. 3, to the bottom schematic view of the odd turn integrated inductor shown in fig. 4, and to the front cross-sectional schematic view of the odd turn integrated inductor shown in fig. 5. The integrated inductor comprises: for simplicity of illustration, two through-flow pins of the integrated inductor are denoted by 1 and 2 in fig. 3-5 and 6-8 below, and two sampling pins of the integrated inductor are denoted by 3 and 4.

In the integrated inductor, the winding is positioned in the magnetic material, so that radiation and interference of other devices to the winding are reduced. The sampling area is located in the middle symmetrical position area of the top winding of the inductor, and reference is made to the dotted line part in fig. 3. The point a and the point b are sampling points of the sampling resistor in the sampling area, and are selected as the sampling points at any positions on two sides of the edge of the inductance winding forming the sampling resistor, and the two sampling points a and b are led out of two sampling pins through one sampling line respectively, and referring to the drawing of fig. 5, one sampling line is led out of the sampling points a and b to the sampling pins 3 and 4 respectively. The structure that the magnetic material wraps the winding and the sampling wire inside can effectively reduce radiation and disturbance resistance. Of course, the sampling line can also be directly connected with the sampling point and the sampling pin outside without being wrapped in the magnetic material, but the structure has relatively higher radiation and relatively poorer noise immunity compared with the prior wrapped structure.

For the case of even turns, reference is made to the top schematic diagram of the even turn integrated inductor shown in fig. 6, to the bottom schematic diagram of the even turn integrated inductor shown in fig. 7, and to the front cross-sectional schematic diagram of the even turn integrated inductor shown in fig. 8. The integrated inductor also comprises: magnetic material, windings (i.e., inductive windings) and four pins. In contrast, even turns of the inductor winding are separated at the top and connected at the bottom due to their own structural characteristics, so that the sampling area is located at the bottom symmetrical position is optimal.

In the integrated inductor, the winding is positioned in the magnetic material, so that radiation and interference of other devices to the winding are reduced. The sampling area is located in the middle symmetrical position area of the bottom of the inductor, and the surrounding parts of the pins 3 and 4 are referred to in fig. 6. Since the sampling area is at the bottom, it does not need an extra sampling line to connect to two sampling pins, and when the sampling area is at the bottom of the integrated inductor, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, one point is selected as two sampling pins 3 and 4 at any position on two sides of the edge of the inductor winding forming the sampling resistor.

From another perspective: the integrated inductor comprises: the device comprises a first inductor, a second inductor and a sampling inductor, wherein a winding of the sampling inductor forms a sampling resistor; the first inductor and the second inductor have the same characteristics; the characteristics of the sampling inductance are different from or partially the same as those of the first inductance and the second inductance. Preferably: the inductance value of the sampling inductor is different from the inductance values of the first inductor and the second inductor; the materials forming the inductor winding of the sampling inductor include: manganese copper material or constantan material; the material forming the inductance windings of the first inductance and the second inductance comprises: general materials.

From the above, it can be seen that: the inductance and sampling resistance in the traditional monitoring circuit are large in volume and large in occupied area. The invention integrates the sampling resistor and the inductor, the sampling resistor becomes a part or all of the inductor winding, thereby realizing or exceeding the existing effective filtering effect, completing the sampling function, and reducing the direct current impedance in the power supply link due to the fact that the sampling resistor becomes a part or all of the winding in the integrated inductor, thereby reducing the power supply link loss.

Because the structure of the novel integrated inductor is different from that of the traditional inductor, a novel monitoring circuit is also provided based on the integrated inductor. The monitoring circuit includes: the device comprises a filtering sampling unit, a signal processing unit and a power supply management unit.

Referring to fig. 9, in the embodiment of the invention, a modularized schematic diagram of a monitoring circuit is different from a traditional monitoring circuit, an input voltage Vin is received by a filtering sampling unit, a voltage Vo is output after filtering, a signal processing unit monitors voltage and current information and processes voltage signals and current signals, which is equivalent to the functions of both a circuit for monitoring voltage and a circuit for monitoring current in the traditional monitoring circuit, the processed data is transmitted to a power supply management unit, and the power supply management unit realizes the functions of a management system in the traditional monitoring circuit.

The filtering sampling unit comprises the integrated inductor, and is used for filtering and collecting voltage signals and current signals and outputting the voltage signals and the current signals to the signal processing unit; the signal processing unit is used for processing the voltage signal and the current signal and transmitting the processed data to the power supply management unit. The power supply management unit is used for performing power consumption monitoring management and regulating and controlling the real-time state of the power supply according to the processed data.

A preferred filter sampling unit structure, in addition to an integrated inductor, further comprises: a plurality of filter capacitors; the filter structure formed by the plurality of filter capacitors and the integrated inductor comprises: inductance capacitance filter structure, primary filter structure, secondary filter structure and tertiary filter structure. Specific:

If the plurality of filter capacitors only includes: a first filter capacitor; the first filter capacitor is connected across the output end of the monitoring circuit, namely: one end of the first filter capacitor is connected with a second end (one end outputting voltage after filtering) of the integrated inductor, and the other end of the first filter capacitor is connected with a negative end or GND ground end of the system. The structure is a universal inductance-capacitance filtering structure (namely LC filtering).

If the plurality of filter capacitors includes: a first filter capacitor and a second filter capacitor; the first filter capacitor is connected across the output end of the monitoring circuit, and the second filter capacitor is connected across the input end of the monitoring circuit. Namely: one end of the first filter capacitor is connected with a second end (one end of the output filtered voltage Vo) of the integrated inductor, and the other end of the first filter capacitor is connected with a negative end or GND ground end of the system; one end of the second filter capacitor is connected with a first end (one end receiving input voltage Vin) of the integrated inductor, and the other end of the second filter capacitor is connected with a negative end or GND ground end of the system. The structure is a first-stage pi-type filtering structure. Compared with an inductance-capacitance filtering structure, the filtering effect is more excellent.

If the plurality of filter capacitors includes: the first filter capacitor, the second filter capacitor and the third filter capacitor; the first filter capacitor is connected across the input end of the monitoring circuit, the second filter capacitor is connected across the output end of the monitoring circuit, and the third filter capacitor is connected across any end of the sampling resistor in the integrated inductor and the negative end of the system or the ground end of the GND. Namely: one end of the first filter capacitor is connected with a second end (one end of the output filtered voltage Vo) of the integrated inductor, and the other end of the first filter capacitor is connected with a negative end or GND ground end of the system; one end of the second filter capacitor is connected with a first end (one end receiving input voltage Vin) of the integrated inductor, and the other end of the second filter capacitor is connected with a negative end or GND ground end of the system; one end of the third filter capacitor is connected with any one end (any one sampling pin) of the sampling resistor in the integrated inductor, and the other end of the third filter capacitor is connected with the negative end or GND ground end of the system. The structure is a two-stage filtering structure. Compared with the first-stage pi-type filtering structure, the filtering effect is more excellent.

If the plurality of filter capacitors includes: the first filter capacitor, the second filter capacitor, the third filter capacitor and the fourth filter capacitor; the first filter capacitor is connected across the input end of the monitoring circuit, the second filter capacitor is connected across the output end of the monitoring circuit, the third filter capacitor is connected across the first sampling pin (e.g. the aforementioned pin 3) of the sampling resistor in the integrated inductor and the negative terminal or GND ground of the system, and the fourth filter capacitor is connected across the second sampling pin (e.g. the aforementioned pin 4) of the sampling resistor in the integrated inductor and the negative terminal or GND ground of the system. Namely: one end of the first filter capacitor is connected with a second end (one end of the output filtered voltage Vo) of the integrated inductor, and the other end of the first filter capacitor is connected with a negative end or GND ground end of the system; one end of the second filter capacitor is connected with a first end (one end receiving input voltage Vin) of the integrated inductor, and the other end of the second filter capacitor is connected with a negative end or GND ground end of the system; one end of the third filter capacitor is connected with a first sampling pin of a sampling resistor in the integrated inductor, and the other end of the third filter capacitor is connected with the negative end of the system or the ground end of GND; one end of the fourth filter capacitor is connected with a second sampling pin of the sampling resistor in the integrated inductor, and the other end of the fourth filter capacitor is connected with the negative end of the system or the ground end of GND. The structure is a three-level five-order filtering structure. Compared with a two-stage filtering structure, the filter effect is more excellent, so that the filter can filter and reduce noise for the input voltage Vin and can prevent power supply noise from reflecting.

From the above, it can be seen that: the filtering sampling unit specifically uses a plurality of filtering capacitors to determine according to actual filtering requirements, the filtering effect of the three-level five-order filtering structure is optimal, the filtering effect is effectively improved, however, 4 filtering capacitors are needed, and the relative occupied area is increased. The filtering effect of the primary LC filter structure is relatively worst, but there is also a filtering effect, and the advantage is that it only needs to use 1 filter capacitor, and the relative occupied area is reduced. The skilled artisan can determine how to choose from according to the actual requirements and the motherboard area.

For the signal processing unit, preferred structures include: the device comprises a voltage and current sampling subunit, an error compensation subunit, a noise filtering subunit and a differential input conversion subunit. The voltage and current sampling subunit is used for respectively collecting voltage signals and current signals according to the control signals and transmitting the voltage signals and the current signals to the noise filtering subunit.

The noise filtering subunit is used for filtering the voltage signal and the current signal in a noise manner and transmitting the voltage signal and the current signal subjected to noise filtering to the differential input conversion subunit; the differential input conversion subunit respectively performs data processing on the voltage signal and the current signal after noise filtering, and outputs the processed data to the power supply management unit.

For the voltage and current sampling subunit, the preferred structure comprises: a selection switch, a first input resistor and a second input resistor. The first end of the selection switch is connected with the negative end of the system or the GND ground end, the second end of the selection switch is connected with the second sampling pin of the sampling resistor through the error compensation subunit, and the third end of the selection switch is connected with the first end of the first input resistor.

The second end of the first input resistor is connected with the noise filtering subunit; the first end of the second input resistor is connected with the first pin of the sampling resistor, and the second end of the second input resistor is connected with the noise filtering subunit.

The voltage and current sampling subunit acquires information of the positive end and the negative end of the power input according to the control signal to obtain a voltage signal; the voltage and current sampling subunit collects the current flowing through the sampling resistor according to the control signal to obtain a current signal, wherein the current signal is the current signal flowing through the compensation resistor after temperature drift error compensation. Because of the characteristics of the selection switch, the voltage signal and the current signal need to be acquired respectively, the voltage signal can be acquired firstly according to the control signal, then the current signal can be acquired, and the current signal can also be acquired firstly, then the voltage signal can be acquired. In either way, the processing results of the subsequent structure are not affected.

For the error compensation subunit, its preferred structure includes: and the compensation resistor has similar or proportional temperature drift characteristics with the sampling resistor to compensate errors caused by temperature drift of the sampling current signal, so that the sampling current signal is more accurate.

The first end of the compensation resistor is connected with a second sampling pin of the sampling resistor, and the second end of the compensation resistor is connected with the second end of the selection switch.

For the noise filtering subunit, preferred structures include: the first common mode capacitor, the second common mode capacitor and the differential mode capacitor. The first end of the first common mode capacitor is connected with the second end of the first input resistor and the first end of the differential mode capacitor respectively, and the second end of the first common mode capacitor is connected with the second end of the second common mode capacitor.

The second end of the differential mode capacitor is respectively connected with the second end of the second input resistor and the first end of the second common mode capacitor. And the first end of the first common mode capacitor, the second end of the differential mode capacitor and the second end of the second common mode capacitor are all connected with the differential input conversion subunit.

For the differential input conversion subunit, preferred structures include: feedback resistor, matching resistor, analog-to-digital converter. The analog-to-digital converter is a three-terminal device having two inputs and an output. The two input terminals are a non-inverting terminal and an inverting terminal. The inverting terminal of the analog-to-digital converter is connected with the first end of the first common mode capacitor, the first end of the differential mode capacitor and the first end of the feedback resistor respectively. The in-phase end of the analog-to-digital converter is respectively connected with the first end of the second common-mode capacitor, the second end of the differential-mode capacitor and the first end of the matching resistor.

The output end of the analog-to-digital converter is respectively connected with the second end of the feedback resistor and the power supply management unit. The second end of the matching resistor is connected with the GND ground end. The analog-to-digital converter outputs the digital signal of the corresponding voltage signal obtained after the received voltage signal (analog signal) is processed according to the preset rule to the power supply management unit, and it can be understood that the analog-to-digital converter can also output the digital signal of the corresponding current signal obtained after the received current signal (analog signal) is processed according to the preset rule to the power supply management unit. Analog-to-digital converters include, but are not limited to, being formed from discrete devices or being implemented by digitally programmable devices, or being implemented in combination of discrete devices and digitally programmable devices.

Of the several subunits mentioned above, preference is given to: the resistance value of the first input resistor is the same as that of the second input resistor; the capacitance value of the first common mode capacitor is the same as that of the second common mode capacitor; the capacitance value of the differential mode capacitor is the same as or different from that of the first common mode capacitor, namely the capacitance value of the differential mode capacitor is the same as or different from that of the second common mode capacitor; the resistance of the feedback resistor is the same as that of the matching resistor; the resistance values of the first input resistor and the second input resistor are the same as or different from the resistance values of the feedback resistor and the matching resistor.

Because the analog-to-digital converter outputs a digital signal, and the power supply management unit also needs a digital signal transmission mode, the monitoring circuit further comprises: a digital interface unit. The digital interface is respectively connected with the signal processing unit and the power supply management unit, and is a physical channel between the signal processing unit and the power supply management unit, namely, the digital interface transmits a digital signal output by the analog-to-digital converter to the power supply management unit. A preferred digital interface architecture comprises: communication bus protocols such as I2C (Inter-INTEGRATED CIRCUIT, integrated circuit bus), PMBus (Power Management Bus ), CAN (Controller Area Network, controller area network bus), etc.

For a better understanding of the above-described monitoring circuit, reference is made to a circuit configuration diagram of a preferred monitoring circuit shown in fig. 10. In fig. 10, in order to embody a three-level fifth-order filtering structure, 4 filtering units are shown as an example. The filtering sampling unit comprises an integrated inductor L0 and 4 filtering capacitors C1-C4, vin is a voltage input port and also represents an input voltage, vo is an output port and also represents an output voltage. The digital identifiers at two ends of each component in fig. 10 respectively represent respective pins, for example, the left digital identifier 1 of the inductor L1 and the right digital identifier 3 of the inductor L2 have the same meaning as the pins 1 and 2 in fig. 3-8; the digital identifications 3 and 4 at the two ends of the sampling resistor LR have the same meaning as pins 3 and 4 in the figures 3-8; digital identifications 5 and 6 at two ends of the capacitors C1-C7 represent respective pins; the digital marks 7 and 8 at two ends of the compensation resistor RT represent pins thereof, and the digital marks 9 and 10 at two ends of the other resistors R1-R4 represent respective pins thereof; the analog-to-digital converter ADC has 5 pins, and is therefore represented by digital identifications 11-15, respectively.

The first end of the first filter capacitor C1 is connected with the through-current pin 2 of the integrated inductor L0, and the second end of the first filter capacitor C1 is connected with the GND ground end. The first end of the second filter capacitor C2 is connected with the through-current pin 1 of the integrated inductor L0, and the second end of the second filter capacitor C2 is connected with the GND ground end. The first end of the third filter capacitor C3 is connected with the sampling pin 3 of the sampling resistor LR in the integrated inductor L0, and the second end of the third filter capacitor C3 is connected with the GND ground end. The first end of the fourth filter capacitor C4 is connected to the sampling pin 4 of the sampling resistor LR in the integrated inductor L0, and the second end of the fourth filter capacitor C4 is connected to the GND ground.

The three-level five-order filtering structure formed based on the structure can filter and reduce noise for the input voltage and can prevent noise reflection of the input voltage. If either the third filter capacitor C3 or the fourth filter capacitor C4 is omitted, the filter structure is simplified to a two-stage filter structure. If the third filter capacitor C3 and the fourth filter capacitor C4 are omitted at the same time, the filter structure is simplified to a first-order pi-type filter structure. If the second filter capacitor C2, the third filter capacitor C3 and the fourth filter capacitor C4 are omitted at the same time, the filter structure is simplified to a common LC filter structure.

The preferred capacitor types corresponding to the first filter capacitor C1, the second filter capacitor C2, the third filter capacitor C3 and the fourth filter capacitor C4 are ceramic chip capacitors or ceramic chip capacitors in series-parallel combination, including but not limited to capacitive devices such as ceramic chip capacitors, tantalum capacitors, electrolytic capacitors, etc., or combinations thereof.

The integrated inductor LO can be regarded as being formed by connecting two inductors L1, L2 in series with a sampling resistor LR, the inductance values of the two inductors L1, L2 are the same, and the sampling resistor LR is essentially formed by a part or all of the inductor windings, so that it is both an inductor and a sampling resistor, so that the integrated inductor LO can be regarded as being formed by connecting three inductors L1, LR, L2 in series.

This is where the sampling resistor LR has a high accuracy DCR (DIRECTIVE CURRENT RESISTANCE, direct current impedance) corresponding to the sampling region for sampling the circuit current. Preferably, the two inductances L1 and L2 are identical or symmetrically equivalent, including but not limited to their structural, material, electrical properties, such as: the lengths are consistent, the manganese copper materials are adopted, the inductance is the same, and the DCR is the same. The sampling resistor LR includes, but is not limited to, a precise conductive material such as manganese copper and constantan, and it is necessary to ensure that the sampling resistor LR has a high-precision DCR and a precise sampling current characteristic. The voltage, current and other signals obtained by utilizing the integrated inductor sampling are used for power management of a power supply management unit, and can also be used for functions of closed-loop control of a power supply (VR structure itself has a closed-loop structure, voltage and current are needed to determine the operation of a closed loop) or current limitation (current limiting is performed by utilizing a current limiting structure when the current is overlarge) and protection (a protection structure is triggered to open a circuit when faults such as voltage or current overrun) and the like.

The signal processing unit includes: the differential input ADC comprises a selection switch S1, a compensation resistor RT, resistors R1-R4, capacitors C5-C7 and a differential input ADC. Wherein the voltage current sampling subunit comprises: a selection switch S1, a first input resistor R1 and a second input resistor R2.

The selection switch S1 is exemplarily shown in fig. 10 with a single pole double throw electronic switch as an example, for example: may be a single pole double throw MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor FIELD EFFECT Transistor) switch.

The selector switch S1 has three terminals: e. f, g, the first end e of the selector switch S1 is connected with the GND ground, the second end f of the selector switch S1 is connected with the second sampling pin 4 of the sampling resistor LR through the error compensation subunit, that is, the compensation resistor RT, and the third end g of the selector switch S1 is connected with the first end of the first input resistor R1.

The second end of the first input resistor R1 is connected with the first end of the first common-mode capacitor C5 and the first end of the differential-mode capacitor C6 in the noise filtering subunit; the first end of the second input resistor R2 is connected with the first pin 3 of the sampling resistor LR, and the second end of the second input resistor R2 is respectively connected with the first end of the second common-mode capacitor C7 and the second end of the differential-mode capacitor C6 in the noise filtering subunit. The first terminal of the second input resistor R2 may be substantially directly connected to the input positive terminal, or may be connected to any pin of a device having a connection relationship with the input positive terminal, for example, connected to the pin 1 of the inductor L1 and connected to the pin 2 of the inductor L2. But is optimally connected with the first pin 3 of the sampling resistor LR, so that one connecting wire can be saved, the number of wires can be reduced, and the complexity of the wires can be reduced.

The compensation resistor RT and the sampling resistor LR have similar or proportional temperature drift characteristics to compensate for errors of the sampling current signal caused by temperature drift, so that the sampling current signal is more accurate. The first end of the compensation resistor RT is connected to the second sampling pin 4 of the sampling resistor LR, and the second end of the compensation resistor RT is connected to the second end f of the selection switch S1.

The selection switch S1 is controlled by a control signal, and is opened to e to realize voltage monitoring and opened to f to realize current monitoring, wherein a compensation resistor RT connected in series between the point f and a second pin 4 of the sampling resistor LR and the sampling resistor LR have similar or proportional temperature drift characteristics and are used for compensating current sampling errors caused by DCR temperature drift of the sampling resistor LR. The selection switch S1 receives a periodic or cyclical control signal from the power management unit or a dedicated control circuit, the impedance of which is negligible compared to the input impedance of the analog-to-digital converter ADC, and the resulting error of which can be adjusted by a software program or by other means of linear compensation.

The noise filtering subunit includes: a first common-mode capacitor C5, a second common-mode capacitor C7, and a differential-mode capacitor C6. The first end of the first common mode capacitor C6 is connected with the second end of the first input resistor R1 and the first end of the differential mode capacitor C6 respectively, and the second end of the first common mode capacitor C5 is connected with the second end of the second common mode capacitor C7.

The second end of the differential mode capacitor C6 is connected to the second end of the second input resistor R2 and the first end of the second common mode capacitor C7, respectively. And the first end of the first common-mode capacitor C5, the second end of the differential-mode capacitor C6 and the second end of the second common-mode capacitor C7 are all connected with the differential input conversion subunit.

The first common mode capacitor C5 and the second common mode capacitor C7 are used for filtering common mode noise, the differential mode capacitor C6 is used for filtering differential mode noise, and therefore accuracy of voltage signals and current signals obtained through sampling is improved, and a good foundation stone is laid for accurate control of a follow-up power supply management unit.

The differential input conversion subunit includes: feedback resistor R3, matching resistor R4, analog-to-digital converter ADC. The analog-to-digital converter ADC is a three-terminal device having two inputs and one output. The two inputs are the in-phase (indicated by "+" in fig. 10) and the opposite (indicated by "-" in fig. 10). The inverting terminal of the analog-to-digital converter ADC is connected to the first terminal of the first common-mode capacitor C1, the first terminal of the differential-mode capacitor C6, the first terminal of the feedback resistor R3, and the second terminal of the first input resistor R2, respectively. The in-phase end of the analog-to-digital converter ADC is respectively connected with the first end of the second common-mode capacitor C7, the second end of the differential-mode capacitor C6, the first end of the matching resistor R4 and the second input resistor R2.

The output end of the analog-to-digital converter ADC is respectively connected with the second end of the feedback resistor R3 and the power supply management unit. The second end of the matching resistor R4 is connected with the GND ground end. Vcc represents the supply voltage, which is required by the analog-to-digital converter ADC as well as the ground structure.

The analog-to-digital converter ADC outputs the digital signal Vvin, which is obtained by processing the received voltage signal (analog signal) according to a predetermined rule, to the power supply management unit, and the analog-to-digital converter ADC may also output the digital signal Vlin, which is obtained by processing the received current signal (analog signal) according to a predetermined rule, to the power supply management unit.

The analog-to-digital converter ADC is used for converting the voltage and the current obtained by high-precision differential sampling into digital signals according to a set rule and transmitting the digital signals to the power supply management unit.

In the device type selection, the resistance value of the first input resistor R1 is the same as the resistance value of the second input resistor R2; the capacitance value of the first common mode capacitor C5 is the same as that of the second common mode capacitor C7; the capacitance value of the differential mode capacitor C6 is the same as or different from the capacitance value of the first common mode capacitor C5, that is, the capacitance value of the differential mode capacitor C6 is the same as or different from the capacitance value of the second common mode capacitor C7; the resistance value of the feedback resistor R3 is the same as that of the matching resistor R4; the resistance values of the first input resistor R1 and the second input resistor R2 are the same as or different from the resistance values of the feedback resistor R3 and the matching resistor R4.

In addition, in Layout design, since the first common-mode capacitor C5, the second common-mode capacitor C7 and the differential-mode capacitor C6 function as noise-reduction filtering, they are placed close to the input pins (i.e. the in-phase end and the anti-phase end) of the ADC in Layout design to be optimal.

The foregoing has been described: because the analog-to-digital converter ADC outputs a digital signal, and the power supply management unit needs a digital signal transmission manner, the monitoring circuit further includes: a digital interface unit. The digital interface is respectively connected with the signal processing unit and the power supply management unit, and is a physical channel between the signal processing unit and the power supply management unit, namely, the digital interface transmits a digital signal output by the analog-to-digital converter to the power supply management unit.

The power supply management unit takes programmable digital chips such as MCU, CPLD and the like as cores, receives and processes digital signals corresponding to voltage signals and current signals, and can also receive system signal information such as power, temperature and the like, comprehensively processes and regulates and controls the working modes and states of functional units such as VR and the like. The software program preset in the system can analyze and process the obtained information such as the voltage signal, the current signal and the like for monitoring and control management of the whole system.

The monitoring circuit effectively reduces the occupied area of the filtering and sampling resistor structure and the monitoring circuit, reduces the design pressure of the layout and wiring of the main board, and reduces the system loss; meanwhile, the design of a high-order filter is realized, and the filtering effect is effectively improved; the high-precision differential sampling of the voltage and current information in the circuit is realized, the accurate through-current power is obtained, and the data support is provided for intelligent management of a power supply system.

Based on the integrated inductor and the monitoring circuit, the invention further provides a power supply management method, which is applied to any one of the monitoring circuits, and refers to a flowchart of the power supply management method shown in fig. 11, and comprises:

step S1: the signal processing unit receives a control signal from the power supply management unit.

When the monitoring circuit starts to work, the whole circuit is electrified, so that each functional unit is stably powered and started to initialize. The signal processing unit receives a control signal from the power supply management unit, and specifically, the selection switch S1 therein receives the control signal.

Step S2: and the signal processing unit acquires a voltage signal and a current signal by utilizing the integrated inductor according to the control signal.

The selection switch S1 in the signal processing unit selects the first end e to be conducted with the third end g according to the control signal, so that connection with the positive end and the negative end or the positive end and the ground end of the system is realized on a circuit, which is equivalent to acquisition of a voltage signal; the selection switch S1 is connected with the first end f and the third end g according to the control signal, and two sampling pins of the sampling resistor in the integrated inductor are connected on the circuit, which is equivalent to collecting and acquiring a current signal, and the current signal flows through the complementary resistor RT to compensate the error of the sampling current signal caused by temperature drift, so that the sampling current signal is more accurate.

Step S3: the signal processing unit processes the voltage signal and the current signal, and transmits the processed data to the power supply management unit, so that the power supply management unit stores the processed data, and performs power consumption monitoring management and regulates and controls the real-time state of the power supply according to the processed data.

After the voltage signal passes through a first input resistor R1 and a second input resistor R2 in the processing unit, common mode noise is filtered by a first common mode capacitor C5 and a second common mode capacitor C7, differential mode noise is filtered by a differential mode capacitor C6, and the voltage signal is transmitted into an analog-to-digital converter ADC.

Similar to the voltage signal, the current signal is filtered by the first common mode capacitor C5 and the second common mode capacitor C7 after passing through the first input resistor R1 and the second input resistor R2 in the processing unit, and the differential mode noise is filtered by the differential mode capacitor C6 and then transmitted into the analog-to-digital converter ADC.

The analog-to-digital converter ADC receives the voltage signals filtered out of the common mode noise and the differential mode noise, and converts the voltage signals into corresponding digital signals Vvin according to a set analog-to-digital conversion rule; similarly, the ADC receives the current signal with the common mode noise and the differential mode noise filtered and the error compensated, and converts the current signal into the corresponding digital signal Vlin according to the predetermined analog-to-digital conversion rule. In the working process of the analog-to-digital converter ADC, the feedback resistor R3 and the matching resistor R4 are used for negative feedback control and impedance matching of the analog-to-digital converter ADC, so that the analog-to-digital conversion accuracy is ensured, and the input voltage information and the circuit current information are accurately reflected by the digital signals Vvin and Vlin.

The analog-to-digital converter ADC outputs digital signals Vvin, vlin to the power management unit using the digital interface circuit. The power supply management unit takes programmable digital chips such as MCU, CPLD and the like as cores, receives and processes digital signals Vvin and Vlin corresponding to voltage signals and current signals, and meanwhile, the digital signals Vvin and Vlin can be stored in a preset material space to form historical data for other later demands.

The power supply management unit performs analysis processing according to the digital signals Vvin and Vlin, so that power consumption monitoring management and real-time state regulation and control of a power supply source are performed. Compared with the traditional structure, the intelligent control system not only realizes more accurate and excellent intelligent control, but also further reduces the space requirement, and provides a better development direction for high operation force requirement and miniaturization requirement of equipment with operation capability.

In summary, the integrated inductor, the monitoring circuit and the power supply management method creatively provide a novel integrated inductor, the sampling resistor is integrated into the inductor, the inductor winding of the inductor is ingeniously multiplexed, the integrated inductor achieves the inductor effect, meanwhile, the function of the sampling resistor is achieved, and the collection and monitoring of voltage and current are achieved based on one device.

Meanwhile, the novel integrated inductor not only has a filtering function, but also can form a multi-stage filtering structure, and compared with the filtering structure in the traditional circuit, the novel integrated inductor has better filtering effect. The circuit device can effectively reduce the occupied area of the circuit device, lighten the layout and wiring pressure of the main board, reduce the loss of a power supply link and accurately detect the power input and output states.

In addition, based on the brand new integrated inductor, a new monitoring circuit is provided, and due to the reduction of circuit devices, the structure of the monitoring circuit is simpler than that of the traditional monitoring circuit, the integrated inductor is accurate and easy to use, the complexity is low, and the power input and output states can be accurately detected.

The power supply management method based on the monitoring circuit is simple and practical due to the fact that the monitoring circuit is accurate and easy to use and low in complexity, and the management control effect is excellent finally due to the fact that the corresponding method is accurate and high in data.

The technical scheme of the invention realizes the design integration of the whole circuit filtering structure and the sampling structure, effectively reduces the occupied board area of the filtering structure circuit and the sampling structure circuit, lightens the design pressure of the layout and the wiring of the main board and also reduces the system loss. Meanwhile, the design of a high-order filtering structure is realized, and the filtering effect is effectively improved. The high-precision differential sampling of voltage and current signals in the circuit is realized, the accurate through-current power is obtained, good data support is provided for intelligent management of a power supply system, and the high-precision differential sampling circuit has high practicability.

While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. It is therefore intended that the following claims be interpreted as including the preferred embodiment and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the embodiments of the invention.

Finally, it is further noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or terminal that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or terminal. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or terminal device that comprises the element.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and many forms may be made by those having ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention and the scope of the claims, which are to be protected by the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated inductor, the integrated inductor comprising: an inductance winding;

2. The integrated inductor of claim 1, wherein the inductor winding comprises: an odd turn winding and an even turn winding;

3. The integrated inductor as claimed in claim 2, wherein when the sampling area is located at the top of the integrated inductor, a point is selected as a sampling point at any position on both sides of an edge of the inductor winding forming the sampling resistor;

4. The integrated inductor of claim 3, wherein the inductor winding and the sampling line are both positioned inside a magnetic material of the integrated inductor when the sampling region is positioned on top of the integrated inductor.

5. The integrated inductor of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the integrated inductor comprises: the device comprises a first inductor, a second inductor and a sampling inductor, wherein a winding of the sampling inductor forms the sampling resistor;

The characteristics of the first inductor and the second inductor are the same;

6. The integrated inductor of claim 5, wherein the material forming the inductor winding of the sampled inductor comprises: manganese copper material or constantan material;

7. A monitoring circuit, the monitoring circuit comprising: the device comprises a filtering sampling unit, a signal processing unit and a power supply management unit;

the filtering and sampling unit comprises the integrated inductor as claimed in claim 1, and is used for filtering and collecting voltage signals and current signals and outputting the voltage signals and the current signals to the signal processing unit;

8. The monitoring circuit of claim 7, wherein the filtered sampling unit further comprises: a plurality of filter capacitors;

9. The monitoring circuit of claim 8, wherein the plurality of filter capacitors comprises: a first filter capacitor;

10. The monitoring circuit of claim 8, wherein the plurality of filter capacitors comprises: the first filter capacitor and the second filter capacitor;

11. The monitoring circuit of claim 8, wherein the plurality of filter capacitors comprises: the first filter capacitor, the second filter capacitor and the third filter capacitor;

12. The monitoring circuit of claim 8, wherein the plurality of filter capacitors comprises: the first filter capacitor, the second filter capacitor, the third filter capacitor and the fourth filter capacitor;

13. The monitoring circuit of claim 7, wherein the signal processing unit comprises: the device comprises a voltage and current sampling subunit, an error compensation subunit, a noise filtering subunit and a differential input conversion subunit;

14. The monitoring circuit of claim 13, wherein the voltage-current sampling subunit comprises: a selection switch, a first input resistor and a second input resistor;

15. The monitoring circuit of claim 14, wherein the error compensation subunit comprises: a compensation resistor; the compensation resistor and the sampling resistor have similar or proportional temperature drift characteristics;

16. The monitoring circuit of claim 14, wherein the noise filtering subunit comprises: a first common-mode capacitor, a second common-mode capacitor, and a differential-mode capacitor;

17. The monitoring circuit of claim 16, wherein the differential input conversion subunit comprises: feedback resistor, matching resistor and analog-to-digital converter;

The second end of the matching resistor is connected with the GND ground end.

18. The monitoring circuit according to claim 15, wherein the voltage and current sampling subunit acquires information of the positive and negative ends of the power input according to the control signal to obtain the voltage signal;

19. The monitoring circuit of claim 17, wherein the first input resistor has a same resistance as the second input resistor;

20. The monitoring circuit of claim 7, further comprising: a digital interface unit;

21. A power supply management method, wherein the power supply management method is applied to the monitoring circuit according to any one of claims 7 to 20, the power supply management method comprising: