CN118126762A - Antiwear fullerene lubricant and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Antiwear fullerene lubricant and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN118126762A CN118126762A CN202410241114.9A CN202410241114A CN118126762A CN 118126762 A CN118126762 A CN 118126762A CN 202410241114 A CN202410241114 A CN 202410241114A CN 118126762 A CN118126762 A CN 118126762A
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- fullerene
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- graphene oxide
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- XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N C60 fullerene Chemical compound C12=C3C(C4=C56)=C7C8=C5C5=C9C%10=C6C6=C4C1=C1C4=C6C6=C%10C%10=C9C9=C%11C5=C8C5=C8C7=C3C3=C7C2=C1C1=C2C4=C6C4=C%10C6=C9C9=C%11C5=C5C8=C3C3=C7C1=C1C2=C4C6=C2C9=C5C3=C12 XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 229910003472 fullerene Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000012178 vegetable wax Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019482 Palm oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 240000000111 Saccharum officinarum Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000007201 Saccharum officinarum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 claims description 5
- KTWOOEGAPBSYNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrocene Chemical compound [Fe+2].C=1C=C[CH-]C=1.C=1C=C[CH-]C=1 KTWOOEGAPBSYNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002540 palm oil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001132 ultrasonic dispersion Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- MLSKXPOBNQFGHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxy(dioxido)borane Chemical compound COB([O-])[O-] MLSKXPOBNQFGHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004006 olive oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000008390 olive oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- DSSYKIVIOFKYAU-XCBNKYQSSA-N (R)-camphor Chemical compound C1C[C@@]2(C)C(=O)C[C@@H]1C2(C)C DSSYKIVIOFKYAU-XCBNKYQSSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000194101 Ginkgo biloba Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000008100 Ginkgo biloba Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012165 plant wax Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000723346 Cinnamomum camphora Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000011201 Ginkgo Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 229960000846 camphor Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 229930008380 camphor Natural products 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- ITRNXVSDJBHYNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten disulfide Chemical compound S=[W]=S ITRNXVSDJBHYNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZNOKGRXACCSDPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten trioxide Chemical compound O=[W](=O)=O ZNOKGRXACCSDPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 3
- UYJXRRSPUVSSMN-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium sulfide Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[S-2] UYJXRRSPUVSSMN-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 description 3
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000002615 epidermis Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000005457 ice water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000005636 Dryobalanops aromatica Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ferrous sulfide Chemical compound [Fe]=S MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical group CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003636 chemical group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000036210 malignancy Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonaoxidotritungsten Chemical compound O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003491 skin Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000167 toxic agent Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
- C10M169/044—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being a mixture of non-macromolecular and macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/04—Elements
- C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
- C10M2201/065—Sulfides; Selenides; Tellurides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/14—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions inorganic compounds surface treated with organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/18—Natural waxes, e.g. ceresin, ozocerite, bees wax, carnauba; Degras
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2227/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2227/06—Organic compounds derived from inorganic acids or metal salts
- C10M2227/061—Esters derived from boron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/04—Detergent property or dispersant property
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/64—Environmental friendly compositions
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of lubricants, and particularly discloses an antiwear fullerene lubricant and a preparation method thereof. The antiwear fullerene lubricant comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of modified fullerene, 2.5-5 parts of graphene oxide-tungsten disulfide composite nano particles, 4-8 parts of vegetable wax and 65-80 parts of base oil; wherein the modified fullerene is prepared by modifying Fe/onion-shaped fullerene by stearic acid; the graphene oxide-tungsten disulfide composite nano particles are prepared from graphite oxide and ammonium dithiotungstate serving as raw materials by a spray drying-solid phase thermal decomposition method. The antiwear fullerene lubricant provided by the invention has good stability and dispersibility, and has antiwear antifriction synergistic effect among the components, so that the antiwear fullerene lubricant is energy-saving and environment-friendly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lubricants, in particular to an antiwear fullerene lubricant and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Frictional wear is a major cause of high energy consumption and is also a key technical problem affecting the service life of mechanical equipment. Statistics show that about one third of the world's primary energy is consumed by frictional wear, and most of the mechanical part failures and more than half of the mechanical equipment malignancies are caused by lubrication failure or excessive wear. Lubrication failure of mechanical parts becomes one of main reasons for restricting service life of equipment, and direct economic loss of China caused by friction and abrasion is up to trillion yuan.
The most effective method for controlling or reducing frictional wear is to use lubricating oil, and various additives are added to improve the performance of lubricating oil, such as conventional additives of chlorinated paraffin, sulfurized isobutylene, zinc dialkyldithiophosphate and the like, and can generate a sacrificial friction film under the action of friction side reaction to prevent surface wear. However, conventional additives contain various elements or chemical groups (such as phosphorus, chlorine or metals in organic complexes), and toxic compounds or greenhouse gases are released after degradation, severely polluting the environment. Therefore, it is of great importance to develop an environmentally friendly lubricating oil additive with excellent antifriction and antiwear properties.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides an antiwear fullerene lubricant which has good stability and dispersibility, and has antiwear antifriction synergistic effect among the components, and is energy-saving and environment-friendly.
In a first aspect, the invention provides an antiwear fullerene lubricant, which comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:
5 to 10 parts of modified fullerene, 2.5 to 5 parts of graphene oxide-tungsten disulfide composite nano particles, 4 to 8 parts of vegetable wax and 65 to 80 parts of base oil;
Wherein the modified fullerene is prepared by modifying Fe/onion-shaped fullerene by stearic acid; the graphene oxide-tungsten disulfide composite nano particles are prepared from graphite oxide and ammonium dithiotungstate serving as raw materials by a spray drying-solid phase thermal decomposition method.
The nano tungsten disulfide not only has good impact resistance and chemical inertness, but also has excellent lubricating and wear-resistant effects, and can improve friction shearing through rolling, deformation and stripping. However, the nano tungsten disulfide has large specific surface area, strong adsorption effect and strong instability, is easy to agglomerate in base oil, and greatly limits popularization and application. The graphene oxide has amphipathy and can be well self-dispersed in lubricating oil, the graphene oxide and the ammonium dithiotungstate are used as raw materials, and the interaction of more electronegative functional groups on the surface of the graphene oxide and ions in the ammonium dithiotungstate is utilized to prepare the graphene oxide-tungsten disulfide composite nano particles, so that the graphene oxide-tungsten disulfide composite nano particles have good dispersion stability and thermal stability and excellent wear resistance in a wide temperature range. When the load is higher and the friction is aggravated, the graphene oxide-tungsten disulfide composite nano particles can be adsorbed on the surface of the friction pair to generate a low-shear force physical adsorption lubricating film consisting of graphene oxide and tungsten disulfide; meanwhile, part of particles can also undergo a tribochemical reaction on the surface of the friction pair to form a tribochemical reaction film consisting of tungsten oxide, ferrous sulfate and ferric oxide, so that the wear resistance and antifriction performance of the base oil are greatly improved.
The Fe/onion-shaped fullerene has good mechanical properties, and the onion-shaped fullerene has excellent self-lubricating property due to the toughness and a unique hexagonal structure similar to a graphite structure, a layer of graphite coating similar to a micro-bearing can be formed between friction pairs to replace a broken oil film for lubricating, and iron elements play a role in repairing to a certain extent, and pits filled on the surfaces of the friction pairs play a role in reducing surface roughness. According to the invention, the Fe/onion-shaped fullerene is modified by the stearic acid, so that the surface energy of the nano onion-shaped fullerene can be reduced, and a single-molecule adsorption layer can be formed, so that fullerene particles have lipophilicity, and the dispersibility and stability of the fullerene particles in lubricating oil are improved.
According to the invention, the modified fullerene and the graphene oxide-tungsten disulfide composite nano particles are compounded, and have excellent anti-wear antifriction synergistic effect, the fullerene can form rolling friction between friction surfaces to improve lubrication due to a unique structure, a layered structure of the graphene oxide can form a stable friction interface to reduce contact pressure between materials, meanwhile, the tungsten disulfide and iron elements in the modified fullerene can be deposited on the worn part of the friction surfaces to play a role of packing and repairing, and can also form a ferrous sulfide film with a lower melting point with a metal matrix to effectively reduce contact between friction pairs, so that the wear is reduced, and the synergistic lubrication effect is achieved from multiple aspects of a physical lubrication film and a chemical reaction film. On the other hand, stearic acid can form a steric hindrance layer in the lubricating oil, and can prevent the aggregation and precipitation of onion-like fullerene and tungsten disulfide composite nano particles, so that a stable dispersion system is formed in the lubricating oil.
The invention is also added with vegetable wax, contains acid, alcohol and ester macromolecular organic matters, has the characteristics of biodegradability and environmental friendliness, can form a lubricating oil film with high bearing capacity on the friction surface, and reduces mechanical abrasion.
Optionally, the preparation method of the modified fullerene comprises the following steps: ferrocene is used as a catalyst, acetylene is used as a carbon source, argon is used as a carrier gas, the reaction is carried out at 800-1200 ℃, cooling and acid washing are carried out, fe/onion-shaped fullerene is obtained, and then the mass ratio is 1: mixing Fe/onion-shaped fullerene and stearic acid according to a proportion of 5-6, adding the mixture into sulfuric acid solution for ultrasonic dispersion, refluxing, filtering, washing to be neutral, and drying in vacuum to obtain the modified fullerene.
Further alternatively, the concentration of the sulfuric acid solution is 2mol/L.
Further alternatively, the temperature of the reflux is 80-100 ℃, and the time of the reflux is 2-3 hours.
Further alternatively, the temperature of the vacuum drying is 60-80 ℃, and the time of the vacuum drying is 6-12 h.
Optionally, the preparation method of the graphene oxide-tungsten disulfide composite nano-particles comprises the following steps: adding ammonium dithiotungstate into the graphite oxide solution, carrying out ultrasonic stripping, spray drying and granulating, and calcining the obtained product in an argon atmosphere at 390-410 ℃ and 440-460 ℃ for 1h respectively to obtain the graphene oxide-tungsten disulfide composite nano particles.
Further optionally, the mass fraction of the graphite oxide ink solution is 1% -1.5%.
Further alternatively, the ammonium dithiotungstate is added in an amount of 0.05 g/mL to 0.15g/mL.
Further alternatively, the spray-drying outlet temperature is 200 ℃ to 240 ℃.
Further alternatively, the time of ultrasonic stripping is 30 min-45 min.
Optionally, the plant wax is skin wax of any plant selected from sugarcane, cinnamomum camphora and Ginkgo biloba.
Optionally, the base oil comprises at least one of methyl borate, gasoline, olive oil, or palm oil.
In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a method for preparing the above antiwear fullerene lubricant, comprising the steps of:
Weighing the components according to the proportion, uniformly mixing the modified fullerene, the graphene oxide-tungsten disulfide composite nano particles and the base oil at the temperature of between 35 and 60 ℃, adding vegetable wax, heating and uniformly stirring to obtain the antiwear fullerene lubricant.
Optionally, the heating temperature is 65-75 ℃, and the stirring rotating speed is 100-150 r/min.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
The modified fullerene, the graphene oxide-tungsten disulfide composite nano particles and the vegetable wax in the antiwear fullerene lubricant provided by the invention are mutually cooperated, so that a physical lubricating film and a chemical friction reaction film can be formed on the friction surface, the direct contact between friction pairs is effectively reduced, the mechanical abrasion is reduced, the content of additives in lubricating oil is reduced, the antiwear and antifriction performances of the oil are greatly improved, the energy is saved, the environment is protected, and the antiwear fullerene lubricant can be widely used as additives of lubricating oil, hydraulic oil or lubricating grease for various vehicle engines and large-scale mechanical equipment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used hereinafter have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the scope of the present invention. The various reagents and materials used in the present invention are commercially available or may be prepared by known methods unless otherwise specified. The graphene oxide used in the invention is prepared by a low-temperature oxidation intercalation method, the specific surface area is 200m 2/g～500m2/g, and the sheet diameter is 200 nm-500 nm.
In order to better illustrate the present invention, the following examples are provided for further illustration.
Example 1
The embodiment provides an antiwear fullerene lubricant, which comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 7 parts of modified fullerene, 3.5 parts of graphene oxide-tungsten disulfide composite nano particles, 6 parts of sugarcane epidermis wax and 73 parts of palm oil.
The preparation method of the modified fullerene comprises the following steps: preparing Fe/onion-shaped fullerene by adopting Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD), firstly taking ferrocene as a catalyst, acetylene as a carbon source and argon as a carrier gas, carrying out catalytic reaction at 1000 ℃, cooling, and collecting a sample at an air outlet to obtain a Fe/onion-shaped fullerene crude product. And heating and refluxing the crude product with 1mol/L dilute hydrochloric acid at 90 ℃ for 3 hours, ball-milling for 4 hours at a high speed, and centrifugally washing with deionized water to be neutral to obtain the Fe/onion-shaped fullerene. Then, the mass is 1:5.5 mixing ball-milled Fe/onion-shaped fullerene and stearic acid, adding the mixture into 2mol/L sulfuric acid solution for ultrasonic dispersion, adding the product into concentrated sulfuric acid, heating and refluxing for 3 hours at 90 ℃, filtering, washing with deionized water to be neutral, and vacuum drying for 9 hours at 70 ℃ to obtain the modified fullerene.
The preparation method of the graphene oxide-tungsten disulfide composite nano particles comprises the following steps:
(1) Dissolving tungsten trioxide in an ammonium sulfide aqueous solution, stirring for 1h at 0 ℃, standing and crystallizing for 24h at 0 ℃ after the reaction is finished, collecting by adopting a filtering method, and purifying for 3 times by using ice water and ice ethanol to obtain the ammonium dithiotungstate.
(2) Taking an aqueous solution of graphite oxide with the mass fraction of 1.25%, adding ammonium dithiotungstate according to the proportion of 0.1g/mL, carrying out ultrasonic stripping for 35min, carrying out spray drying granulation on the mixed solution, and carrying out spray drying at the outlet temperature of 220 ℃. And then calcining the obtained intermediate product in argon atmosphere at 400 ℃ and 450 ℃ for 1h respectively to obtain the graphene oxide-tungsten disulfide composite nano particles.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the antiwear fullerene lubricant, which comprises the following steps: weighing the components according to the proportion, uniformly mixing the modified fullerene, the graphene oxide-tungsten disulfide composite nano particles and the base oil at 50 ℃, then adding the vegetable wax, and uniformly stirring at the speed of 125r/min at 70 ℃ to obtain the antiwear fullerene lubricant.
Example 2
The embodiment provides an antiwear fullerene lubricant, which comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 5 parts of modified fullerene, 2.5 parts of graphene oxide-tungsten disulfide composite nano particles, 4 parts of sugarcane epidermis wax and 65 parts of palm oil.
The preparation method of the modified fullerene comprises the following steps: preparing Fe/onion-shaped fullerene by adopting Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD), firstly taking ferrocene as a catalyst, acetylene as a carbon source and argon as a carrier gas, carrying out catalytic reaction at 800 ℃, cooling, and collecting a sample at an air outlet to obtain a Fe/onion-shaped fullerene crude product. And heating and refluxing the crude product with 1mol/L dilute hydrochloric acid at 90 ℃ for 3 hours, ball-milling for 4 hours at a high speed, and centrifugally washing with deionized water to be neutral to obtain the Fe/onion-shaped fullerene. Then, the mass is 1:5, mixing the ball-milled Fe/onion-shaped fullerene and stearic acid, adding the mixture into 2mol/L sulfuric acid solution for ultrasonic dispersion, adding the product into concentrated sulfuric acid, heating and refluxing for 3 hours at 90 ℃, filtering, washing with deionized water to be neutral, and vacuum drying for 6 hours at 60 ℃ to obtain the modified fullerene.
The preparation method of the graphene oxide-tungsten disulfide composite nano particles comprises the following steps:
(1) Dissolving tungsten trioxide in an ammonium sulfide aqueous solution, stirring for 1h at 0 ℃, standing and crystallizing for 24h at 0 ℃ after the reaction is finished, collecting by adopting a filtering method, and purifying for 3 times by using ice water and ice ethanol to obtain the ammonium dithiotungstate.
(2) Taking an aqueous solution of graphite oxide with the mass fraction of 1%, adding ammonium dithiotungstate according to the proportion of 0.05g/mL, carrying out ultrasonic stripping for 30min, carrying out spray drying granulation on the mixed solution, and carrying out spray drying at the outlet temperature of 200 ℃. And then calcining the obtained intermediate product in argon atmosphere at 390 ℃ and 440 ℃ for 1h respectively to obtain the graphene oxide-tungsten disulfide composite nano particles.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the antiwear fullerene lubricant, which comprises the following steps: weighing the components according to the proportion, uniformly mixing the modified fullerene, the graphene oxide-tungsten disulfide composite nano particles and the base oil at 35 ℃, then adding the vegetable wax, and uniformly stirring at the speed of 100r/min at 65 ℃ to obtain the antiwear fullerene lubricant.
Example 3
The embodiment provides an antiwear fullerene lubricant, which comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 10 parts of modified fullerene, 5 parts of graphene oxide-tungsten disulfide composite nano particles, 8 parts of sugarcane epidermis wax, 20 parts of methyl borate, 15 parts of olive oil and 45 parts of palm oil.
The preparation method of the modified fullerene comprises the following steps: preparing Fe/onion-shaped fullerene by adopting Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD), firstly taking ferrocene as a catalyst, acetylene as a carbon source and argon as a carrier gas, carrying out catalytic reaction at 1200 ℃, cooling, and collecting a sample at an air outlet to obtain a Fe/onion-shaped fullerene crude product. And heating and refluxing the crude product with 1mol/L dilute hydrochloric acid at 90 ℃ for 3 hours, ball-milling for 4 hours at a high speed, and centrifugally washing with deionized water to be neutral to obtain the Fe/onion-shaped fullerene. Then, the mass is 1:6, mixing the ball-milled Fe/onion-shaped fullerene and stearic acid, adding the mixture into 2mol/L sulfuric acid solution for ultrasonic dispersion, adding the product into concentrated sulfuric acid, heating and refluxing for 3 hours at 90 ℃, filtering, washing with deionized water to be neutral, and vacuum drying for 12 hours at 80 ℃ to obtain the modified fullerene.
The preparation method of the graphene oxide-tungsten disulfide composite nano particles comprises the following steps:
(1) Dissolving tungsten trioxide in an ammonium sulfide aqueous solution, stirring for 1h at 0 ℃, standing and crystallizing for 24h at 0 ℃ after the reaction is finished, collecting by adopting a filtering method, and purifying for 3 times by using ice water and ice ethanol to obtain the ammonium dithiotungstate.
(2) Taking an aqueous solution of graphite oxide with the mass fraction of 1.5%, adding ammonium dithiotungstate according to the proportion of 0.15g/mL, carrying out ultrasonic stripping for 40min, carrying out spray drying granulation on the mixed solution, and carrying out spray drying at the outlet temperature of 240 ℃. And then calcining the obtained intermediate product in an argon atmosphere at 410 ℃ and 460 ℃ for 1h respectively to obtain the graphene oxide-tungsten disulfide composite nano particles.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the antiwear fullerene lubricant, which comprises the following steps: weighing the components according to the proportion, uniformly mixing the modified fullerene, the graphene oxide-tungsten disulfide composite nano particles and the base oil at 60 ℃, then adding the vegetable wax, and uniformly stirring at the speed of 150r/min at 75 ℃ to obtain the antiwear fullerene lubricant.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides an antiwear fullerene lubricant prepared in exactly the same manner as in example 1, except that the modified fullerene was replaced with an equivalent amount of fullerene C60.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example provides an antiwear fullerene lubricant, which is prepared in the same process as in example 1, except that the graphene oxide-tungsten disulfide composite nanoparticles are replaced by equivalent amounts of nano tungsten disulfide, and the average particle size is 50-90 nm.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example provides an antiwear fullerene lubricant, which was prepared in exactly the same manner as in example 1, except that the graphene oxide-tungsten disulfide composite nanoparticles were replaced with the same amount of graphene oxide.
Performance testing
The lubricants prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were examined for their respective properties, and the results are shown in Table 1 below.
Dispersion stability: after dispersion and standing sedimentation by ultrasonic heating, the transparency of the mixed solution is observed to distinguish the quality of dispersion stability, and the test conditions are as follows: the ultrasonic power is 800W, the ultrasonic frequency is 22KHz, the ultrasonic temperature is 40 ℃, the ultrasonic stirring time is 30min, the heating temperature is 50 ℃, and the standing time is 60d.
Coefficient of friction: referring to SH0762-2005, the conditions are: the MRS-10B four-ball friction and wear testing machine comprises GCr15 steel balls, the rotating speed is 1450r/min, the room temperature is high, the long grinding time is 60min, and the load is 392N.
Biodegradability: reference is made to CEC-L-33-A-93.
Emission reduction experiment: the antiwear fullerene lubricant prepared in example 1 was prepared by mixing 1:9, adding the mixture into piston engine lubricating oil in a volume ratio, heating to 120 ℃, sealing, mixing, stirring until no water is contained, adjusting the pH value to be neutral, and naturally cooling to obtain the lubricating oil. When the oil is used in a piston type gasoline engine, compared with the piston type engine lubricating oil which does not contain antiwear fullerene lubricant, the oil can be obviously saved by 29%, the exhaust emission after combustion is reduced by 35%, the noise is reduced by 8 db, and the engine temperature is reduced by 8 ℃.
Table 1 test results
From the results, the antiwear fullerene lubricant provided by the invention has good stability and dispersibility, and has antiwear antifriction synergistic effect among the components, so that the antiwear fullerene lubricant is energy-saving and environment-friendly.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, or alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The antiwear fullerene lubricant is characterized by comprising the following raw material components in parts by weight:
5-10 parts of modified fullerene, 2.5-5 parts of graphene oxide-tungsten disulfide composite nano particles, 4-8 parts of vegetable wax and 65-80 parts of base oil;
Wherein the modified fullerene is prepared by modifying Fe/onion-shaped fullerene by stearic acid; the graphene oxide-tungsten disulfide composite nano particles are prepared from graphite oxide and ammonium dithiotungstate serving as raw materials by a spray drying-solid phase thermal decomposition method.
2. The antiwear fullerene lubricant according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the modified fullerene comprises the following steps:
Ferrocene is used as a catalyst, acetylene is used as a carbon source, argon is used as a carrier gas, the reaction is carried out at 800-1200 ℃, cooling and acid washing are carried out, fe/onion-shaped fullerene is obtained, and then the mass ratio is 1: and 5-6, mixing Fe/onion-shaped fullerene and stearic acid, adding the mixture into sulfuric acid solution for ultrasonic dispersion, refluxing, filtering, washing to be neutral, and drying in vacuum to obtain the modified fullerene.
3. The antiwear fullerene lubricant of claim 1, wherein the concentration of the sulfuric acid solution is 2mol/L; and/or
The temperature of the reflow is 80-100 ℃, and the reflow time is 2-3 hours; and/or
The temperature of the vacuum drying is 60-80 ℃, and the time of the vacuum drying is 6-12 hours.
4. The antiwear fullerene lubricant according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the graphene oxide-tungsten disulfide composite nano particles comprises the following steps:
Adding ammonium dithiotungstate into the graphite oxide solution, carrying out ultrasonic stripping, spray drying and granulating, and calcining the obtained product in an argon atmosphere at 390-410 ℃ and 440-460 ℃ for 1h respectively to obtain the graphene oxide-tungsten disulfide composite nano particles.
5. The antiwear fullerene lubricant according to claim 4, wherein the mass fraction of the graphite oxide solution is 1% -1.5%; and/or
The addition amount of the ammonium dithiotungstate is 0.05 g-0.15 g/mL.
6. The antiwear fullerene lubricant according to claim 4, wherein the outlet temperature of the spray drying is 200 ℃ -240 ℃; and/or
The ultrasonic stripping time is 30-45 min.
7. The antiwear fullerene lubricant according to claim 1, wherein the plant wax is a skin wax of any one of sugarcane, camphor, ginkgo.
8. The antiwear fullerene lubricant of claim 1, wherein the base oil comprises at least one of methyl borate, gasoline, olive oil, or palm oil.
9. The preparation method of the antiwear fullerene lubricant is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
weighing the components according to the proportion, uniformly mixing the modified fullerene, the graphene oxide-tungsten disulfide composite nano particles and the base oil at 35-60 ℃, adding vegetable wax, heating and uniformly stirring to obtain the antiwear fullerene lubricant.
10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the heating temperature is 65 ℃ to 75 ℃, and the stirring speed is 100r/min to 150r/min.
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