CN118117812B - Flywheel energy storage unit topology and flywheel rotor decoupling method thereof - Google Patents
Flywheel energy storage unit topology and flywheel rotor decoupling method thereofInfo
- Publication number
- CN118117812B CN118117812B CN202410541782.3A CN202410541782A CN118117812B CN 118117812 B CN118117812 B CN 118117812B CN 202410541782 A CN202410541782 A CN 202410541782A CN 118117812 B CN118117812 B CN 118117812B
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- flywheel
- flywheel rotor
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Abstract
The application discloses a flywheel energy storage unit topology and a flywheel rotor decoupling method, wherein the flywheel energy storage unit topology comprises a shell, a flywheel rotor, an axial magnetic bearing assembly, a radial magnetic bearing assembly and a sensor assembly, the flywheel rotor is rotationally assembled in the shell, the axial magnetic bearing assembly is arranged between the shell and the flywheel rotor, and the axial magnetic bearing assembly is used for controlling the axial displacement of the flywheel rotor; the radial magnetic bearing assembly controls radial displacement of the flywheel rotor; the sensor assembly is used for detecting displacement information of the flywheel rotor. Compared with the prior art, the axial displacement adjustment of the flywheel rotor is realized through the axial magnetic bearing assembly and the radial magnetic bearing assembly, and the radial translation and rotation adjustment of the flywheel rotor are realized through the radial magnetic bearing assembly, so that the suspension problem of 5 degrees of freedom of the flywheel rotor is solved; by adopting the flywheel rotor decoupling method of the device, the coordinates of 5 degrees of freedom of the flywheel rotor can be obtained, so that the position adjustment of the flywheel rotor is more accurate.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of flywheel energy storage, in particular to a flywheel energy storage unit topology and a flywheel rotor decoupling method thereof.
Background
In order to reduce friction of a flywheel rotor and reduce operation loss during energy storage of a system, and control the position of the flywheel rotor under the condition that the flywheel rotor is interfered by a control system, a magnetic suspension bearing is usually adopted in the existing flywheel energy storage unit. The magnetic suspension bearing has an active mode and a passive mode, and a combination mode thereof. According to the existing flywheel energy storage technology, the development will be towards high power and large capacity in the future. This will cause the flywheel to rotate at higher speeds and with greater weight. This is a great challenge for flywheel energy storage in a vacuum environment, and the greater challenge is the topology of the flywheel energy storage unit, and further is the choice and design problem of the magnetic bearing system.
The existing flywheel energy storage unit topology magnetic suspension bearing system has the following problems: 1. when the mechanical bearing is selected for supporting, the problems of large friction loss, uncontrollable flywheel rotors and the like can occur; 2. when the active magnetic bearing is selected for supporting, the problems of complex structure, large iron loss and copper loss exist, and a complete software and hardware control system needs to be matched, so that the cost is high; 3. when the passive permanent magnet suspension bearing is selected for supporting, the stable suspension condition with 5 degrees of freedom cannot be independently realized; 4. when the superconducting magnetic suspension bearing is selected for supporting, the technical problems of extreme storage environment, friction loss coefficient and the like are faced in addition to high cost investment. Therefore, it is important to select a suitable magnetic suspension bearing for the flywheel energy storage unit topology, and meanwhile, the problem that the positions of 5 degrees of freedom of the flywheel rotor are uncontrollable needs to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a flywheel energy storage unit topology and a flywheel rotor decoupling method thereof, which can meet the basic magnetic suspension function, and simultaneously control the flywheel rotor more accurately, thereby playing a role in reducing power consumption.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A flywheel energy storage unit topology comprising a housing, a flywheel rotor, an axial magnetic bearing assembly, a radial magnetic bearing assembly and a sensor assembly, the housing itself defining an axial direction and a radial direction; the flywheel rotor is rotationally assembled in the shell; the axial magnetic bearing assembly is arranged between the shell and the flywheel rotor and is used for controlling the axial displacement of the flywheel rotor; the radial magnetic bearing assembly is arranged between the shell and the flywheel rotor, and comprises an upper radial magnetic bearing and a lower radial magnetic bearing which are respectively arranged at the upper part and the lower part of the flywheel rotor; the upper radial magnetic bearing and the lower radial magnetic bearing have the same structure and comprise a conical surface stator assembly and a conical surface rotor assembly, wherein the conical surface stator assembly is connected with the shell, the conical surface rotor assembly is connected with the flywheel rotor, the conical surface stator assembly and the conical surface rotor assembly are oppositely arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the shell, and the conical surface stator assembly and the conical surface rotor assembly generate magnetic force so as to control the radial displacement of the flywheel rotor; the upper radial magnetic bearing and the lower radial magnetic bearing are both connected with the sensor assembly, and the sensor assembly is used for detecting displacement information of the flywheel rotor.
As one embodiment, the axial magnetic bearing assembly includes a first axial magnetic bearing connected between the upper portion of the flywheel rotor and the housing, and a second axial magnetic bearing connected between the lower portion of the flywheel rotor and the housing.
As one embodiment, the first axial magnetic bearing comprises a first stator assembly and a first rotor assembly, wherein the first stator assembly is connected to the upper part of the shell, and the first rotor assembly is connected to the upper part of the flywheel rotor; the first stator component and the first rotor component are arranged at intervals relatively along the axial direction of the shell, and axial magnetic force is generated between the first stator component and the first rotor component so as to control the axial displacement of the flywheel rotor;
The second axial magnetic bearing comprises a second stator assembly and a second rotor assembly, the second stator assembly is connected to the lower part of the shell, and the second rotor assembly is connected to the lower part of the flywheel rotor; the second stator assembly and the second rotor assembly are arranged at intervals relatively along the axial direction of the shell, and axial magnetic force is generated between the second stator assembly and the second rotor assembly so as to control the axial displacement of the flywheel rotor.
As one embodiment, the first stator assembly and the first rotor assembly have the same structure and each include a first magnetic bearing seat, a first permanent magnet array and a first isolation assembly, the first permanent magnet array is arranged in the first magnetic bearing seat, a first mounting groove is formed in one side, away from the first permanent magnet array, of the first magnetic bearing seat, the first isolation assembly is arranged in the first mounting groove, and the first isolation assembly is used for isolating a magnetic field and heat;
The second stator assembly and the second rotor assembly are identical in structure and comprise a second magnetic bearing seat, a second permanent magnet array and a second isolation assembly, the second permanent magnet array is arranged in the second magnetic bearing seat, a second mounting groove is formed in one side, away from the second permanent magnet array, of the second magnetic bearing seat, the second isolation assembly is arranged in the second mounting groove, and the second isolation assembly is used for isolating a magnetic field and heat.
As one of the embodiments, the first permanent magnet array and the second permanent magnet array are halbach arrays or alternating axial magnetization arrays.
As one embodiment, the first stator assembly further comprises a first fixing piece, and the first permanent magnet array is installed in the first magnetic bearing seat through the first fixing piece; the second stator assembly further includes a second fixture through which the second permanent magnet array is mounted in the second magnetic bearing block.
As one embodiment, the first mounting groove has a depth greater than a thickness of the first spacer assembly and the second mounting groove has a depth greater than a thickness of the second spacer assembly in an axial direction of the housing.
As one embodiment, the conical surface stator assembly comprises a third magnetic bearing seat and a conical surface stator core, the third magnetic bearing seat is connected with the shell, the conical surface stator core is connected with one side, close to the flywheel rotor, of the third magnetic bearing seat, and the conical surface stator core and the conical surface rotor assembly are arranged at opposite intervals along the radial direction of the shell.
As one embodiment, the sensor assembly comprises a probe and a mounting seat, wherein the mounting seat is connected to the top of the third magnetic bearing seat, and four probes are uniformly spaced in the circumferential direction of the mounting seat.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a flywheel rotor decoupling method, comprising the flywheel energy storage unit topology according to any of the above embodiments and the following steps: s1, detecting displacement data by the sensor assembly;
s2, converting the displacement data into the conical surface rotor assembly coordinates through analog/digital conversion;
S3, the barycenter coordinates of the flywheel rotor are obtained through input transformation of the conical surface rotor assembly coordinates;
s4, converting the barycenter coordinates of the flywheel rotor into equivalent control voltages of the conical rotor assembly, and obtaining control voltages of the upper radial magnetic bearing and the lower radial magnetic bearing on an X axis and a Y axis according to the equivalent control voltages;
s5, converting the equivalent control voltage into coil voltages of the upper radial magnetic bearing and the lower radial magnetic bearing through an output conversion and decoupling formula;
S6, inputting the coil voltage into the upper radial magnetic bearing and the lower radial magnetic bearing so as to control the rotation position of the conical surface rotor assembly.
As one embodiment, the mass center coordinates of the flywheel rotor are as followsAndThe conical surface rotor assembly coordinate in the upper radial magnetic bearing is as followsThe conical surface rotor assembly coordinate of the lower radial magnetic bearing is as followsThe span between the upper radial magnetic bearing and the lower radial magnetic bearing is set to L;
Wherein, the input transformation formula in S3 is: 。
As one embodiment, the output transformation formula in S5 is: ; wherein, For equivalent control voltages of conical rotor assemblies in the upper radial magnetic bearing and the lower radial magnetic bearing, U1, U2, U3, U4, U5, U6, U7, U8 are coil voltages of the radial magnetic bearing assemblies.
As one embodiment, the decoupling formula in S5 is: ; wherein, 、For the control voltage of the upper radial magnetic bearing in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction,、Controlling voltage of the lower radial magnetic bearing in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction; u0 is the bias voltage.
The application has the beneficial effects that: the embodiment of the application provides a flywheel energy storage unit topology and a flywheel rotor decoupling method, wherein the flywheel energy storage unit topology comprises a shell, a flywheel rotor, an axial magnetic bearing assembly, a radial magnetic bearing assembly and a sensor assembly, the flywheel rotor is rotationally assembled in the shell, the axial magnetic bearing assembly is arranged between the shell and the flywheel rotor, and the axial magnetic bearing assembly is used for controlling the axial displacement of the flywheel rotor; the radial magnetic bearing assembly comprises an upper radial magnetic bearing and a lower radial magnetic bearing, and the upper radial magnetic bearing and the lower radial magnetic bearing are respectively arranged at the upper part and the lower part of the flywheel rotor; the upper radial magnetic bearing and the lower radial magnetic bearing have the same structure and comprise a conical surface stator assembly and a conical surface rotor assembly, wherein the conical surface stator assembly is connected with the shell, the conical surface rotor assembly is connected with the flywheel rotor, the conical surface stator assembly and the conical surface rotor assembly are arranged at intervals relatively along the radial direction of the shell, and the conical surface stator assembly and the conical surface rotor assembly generate magnetic force so as to control the radial displacement of the flywheel rotor; the upper radial magnetic bearing and the lower radial magnetic bearing are connected with a sensor component, and the sensor component is used for detecting displacement information of the flywheel rotor. Compared with the prior art, the axial displacement adjustment of the flywheel rotor is realized through the axial magnetic bearing assembly and the radial magnetic bearing assembly, and the radial translation and rotation adjustment of the flywheel rotor are realized through the radial magnetic bearing assembly, so that the suspension problem of 5 degrees of freedom of the flywheel rotor is solved, and the friction loss during working is reduced; the upper radial magnetic bearing and the lower radial magnetic bearing are respectively provided with a sensor component, and the sensor components are used for detecting the displacement of the flywheel rotor so as to adjust the magnetic field force of the upper radial magnetic bearing and the lower radial magnetic bearing in real time, thereby realizing the accurate adjustment of the displacement of the flywheel rotor; by adopting the flywheel rotor decoupling method of the device, the coordinates of five degrees of freedom of the flywheel rotor can be obtained, compared with the traditional coordinates of three degrees of freedom, the coordinates of the flywheel rotor are more accurate, the coil voltage is controlled according to the output transformation formula and the decoupling formula, each group of coordinates of the flywheel rotor corresponds to one group of coil voltage, the coil voltage can be regulated in real time in the rotation process of the flywheel rotor, the problem that the five degrees of freedom of the flywheel rotor are uncontrollable is solved, and the stable suspension of the five degrees of freedom of the flywheel rotor is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a flywheel energy storage unit topology according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 illustrates a schematic cross-sectional view of a flywheel energy storage unit topology in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view at B in FIG. 2;
Fig. 4 is an enlarged view at a in fig. 2;
FIG. 5 illustrates a schematic structural view of an axial magnetic bearing assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 illustrates a partial cross-sectional view of an axial magnetic bearing assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 illustrates a partial cross-sectional view of a second bearing magnetic bearing of an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 shows a schematic structural view of a first magnetic bearing block according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is another schematic view of the first magnetic bearing block according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 illustrates a schematic structural view of a radial magnetic bearing assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 illustrates a partial cross-sectional view of a radial magnetic bearing assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 shows a schematic structural view of a tapered stator assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 illustrates another structural schematic of a tapered stator assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 14 illustrates another structural schematic of a tapered stator assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 15 shows a schematic diagram of a flywheel rotor decoupling method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1. a housing; 2. a flywheel rotor; x, radial direction; z, axial direction;
3. An axial magnetic bearing assembly; 31. a first axial magnetic bearing; 32. a second axial magnetic bearing; 311. a first stator assembly; 312. a first rotor assembly; 321. a second stator assembly; 322. a second rotor assembly; 3111. a first magnetic bearing block; 3112. a first permanent magnet array; 3113. a first fixing member; 3114. a first isolation assembly; 3115. a first mounting groove; 3211. a second magnetic bearing block; 3212. a second permanent magnet array; 3213. a second fixing member; 3214. a second isolation assembly; 3215. a second mounting groove;
4. A radial magnetic bearing assembly; 41. an upper radial magnetic bearing; 42. a lower radial magnetic bearing; 411. conical stator assembly; 412. a conical rotor assembly; 4111. a third magnetic bearing block; 4112. conical stator core; 4121. conical rotor core;
5.A sensor assembly; 51. a mounting base; 52. a fixed block; 53. a probe; 54. an integrated board; 55. a shielding cover;
6. An axial sensing assembly.
Detailed Description
In the present invention, the terms "disposed," "provided," and "connected" are to be construed broadly. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or a unitary construction; may be a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection; may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be in internal communication between two devices, elements, or components. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
The terms "center," "longitudinal," "transverse," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "radial," "circumferential," etc. refer to an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, merely for convenience of description and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be configured and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the application.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
Also, some of the terms described above may be used to indicate other meanings in addition to orientation or positional relationships, for example, the term "upper" may also be used to indicate some sort of attachment or connection in some cases. The specific meaning of these terms in the present invention will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present application provides a flywheel energy storage unit topology, including a housing 1, a flywheel rotor 2, an axial magnetic bearing assembly 3, a radial magnetic bearing assembly 4 and a sensor assembly 5, wherein the flywheel rotor 2 is rotatably assembled in the housing 1, the axial magnetic bearing assembly 3 is disposed between the housing 1 and the flywheel rotor 2, and the axial magnetic bearing assembly 3 is used for controlling axial displacement of the flywheel rotor 2; a radial magnetic bearing assembly 4 is provided between the housing 1 and the flywheel rotor 2, the radial magnetic bearing assembly 4 being used to control the radial displacement of the flywheel rotor 2. The axial displacement adjustment and the radial displacement adjustment of the flywheel rotor 2 are realized through the axial magnetic bearing assembly 3 and the radial magnetic bearing assembly 4, so that the flywheel rotor 2 can stably suspend in the shell 1, and the friction loss during working is reduced.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, for convenience of description, X in fig. 2 represents a radial direction, and Z represents an axial direction; in one embodiment, the radial magnetic bearing assembly 4 includes an upper radial magnetic bearing 41 and a lower radial magnetic bearing 42, and the upper radial magnetic bearing 41 and the lower radial magnetic bearing 42 are disposed at the upper portion and the lower portion of the flywheel rotor 2, respectively; the upper radial magnetic bearing 41 and the lower radial magnetic bearing 42 have the same structure and comprise a conical surface stator assembly 411 and a conical surface rotor assembly 412, wherein the conical surface stator assembly 411 is connected with the shell 1, the conical surface rotor assembly 412 is connected with the flywheel rotor 2, the conical surface stator assembly 411 and the conical surface rotor assembly 412 are oppositely arranged at intervals along the radial direction X of the shell 1, and the conical surface stator assembly 411 and the conical surface rotor assembly 412 generate magnetic force so as to control the radial displacement of the flywheel rotor 2; the upper radial magnetic bearing 41 and the lower radial magnetic bearing 42 are connected with a sensor assembly 5, and the sensor assembly 5 is used for detecting displacement information of the flywheel rotor 2.
In practice, the housing 1 itself defines an axial direction Z and a radial direction X, the radial magnetic bearing assembly 4 comprises an upper radial magnetic bearing 41 and a lower radial magnetic bearing 42, the upper radial magnetic bearing 41 and the lower radial magnetic bearing 42 each comprise a conical surface stator assembly 411 and a conical surface rotor assembly 412, the conical surface stator assembly 411 of the upper radial magnetic bearing 41 is connected to the upper part of the housing 1, and the conical surface rotor assembly 412 of the upper radial magnetic bearing 41 is connected to the upper part of the flywheel rotor 2; the conical surface stator assembly 411 of the lower radial magnetic bearing 42 is connected to the lower part of the shell 1, the conical surface rotor assembly 412 of the lower radial magnetic bearing 42 is connected to the lower part of the flywheel rotor 2, the conical surface stator assembly 411 of the upper part and the conical surface rotor assembly 412 of the upper part are arranged at intervals along the radial direction X of the shell 1 and generate magnetic field force so as to control the radial displacement of the upper part of the flywheel rotor 2, the conical surface stator assembly 411 of the lower part and the conical surface rotor assembly 412 of the lower part are arranged at intervals relatively and generate magnetic field force so as to control the radial displacement of the lower part of the flywheel rotor 2, and the radial displacement of the flywheel rotor 2 is regulated through the combined action of the upper radial magnetic bearing 41 and the lower radial magnetic bearing 42, so that the flywheel rotor 2 is more stable in operation.
Meanwhile, the upper radial magnetic bearing 41 and the lower radial magnetic bearing 42 are both provided with a sensor component 5, the sensor component 5 is used for detecting the displacement of the flywheel rotor 2 and transmitting displacement information to a flywheel control system, and the flywheel control system outputs coil voltages to the upper radial magnetic bearing 41 and the lower radial magnetic bearing 42 after receiving the displacement information so as to adjust the magnetic field force of the upper radial magnetic bearing 41 and the lower radial magnetic bearing 42, and the flywheel rotor 2 performs displacement adjustment under the action of the magnetic field force until moving to a preset position, so that the accurate control of the displacement of the flywheel rotor 2 is realized.
The flywheel energy storage unit topology further comprises an axial detection component 6, the axial detection component 6 is inserted into the shell 1 along the axial direction Z of the shell 1 and is used for detecting the axial displacement of the flywheel rotor 2, and the axial detection component 6 and the sensor component 5 jointly detect the position information of five degrees of freedom of the flywheel rotor 2.
It should be noted that, the upper radial magnetic bearing 41 and the lower radial magnetic bearing 42 may both adopt conical magnetic bearings, and the magnetic force acting surface of the conical magnetic bearings is conical, compared with the common magnetic bearings, the conical magnetic bearings can provide support in multiple directions, so that stability of the flywheel rotor 2 during operation is maintained, and the design of the conical magnetic bearings allows certain axial and radial displacement, so that the flywheel rotor 2 can be automatically centered during assembly, and assembly difficulty and precision requirements are reduced.
Compared with the prior art, the axial displacement adjustment of the flywheel rotor 2 is realized by the axial magnetic bearing assembly 3 and the radial magnetic bearing assembly 4, and the radial translation and rotation adjustment of the flywheel rotor 2 is realized by the radial magnetic bearing assembly 4, so that the suspension problem of five degrees of freedom of the flywheel rotor 2 is solved, and the friction loss during working is reduced; the upper radial magnetic bearing 41 and the lower radial magnetic bearing 42 are both provided with a sensor component 5, and the sensor component 5 is used for detecting the displacement of the flywheel rotor 2 so as to adjust the magnetic field force of the upper radial magnetic bearing 41 and the lower radial magnetic bearing 42 in real time, thereby realizing accurate adjustment of the displacement of the flywheel rotor 2.
Referring again to fig. 2, for convenience of description, a first plane is set, which is parallel to the radial direction X and perpendicular to the axial direction Z, and the axial magnetic bearing assembly 3 includes a first axial magnetic bearing 31 and a second axial magnetic bearing 32, the first axial magnetic bearing 31 being connected between the upper portion of the flywheel rotor 2 and the housing 1, and the second axial magnetic bearing 32 being connected between the lower portion of the flywheel rotor 2 and the housing 1.
In one embodiment, the projected area of the first axial magnetic bearing 31 on the first plane is smaller than the projected area of the second axial magnetic bearing 32 on the first plane, and the magnetic field force between the first axial magnetic bearings 31 is smaller than the magnetic field force of the second axial magnetic bearing 32, so that the magnetic field force of the second axial magnetic bearing 32 can overcome the gravity of the flywheel rotor 2, and the flywheel rotor 2 can be suspended, and the first axial magnetic bearing 31 and the second axial magnetic bearing 32 can adopt the same structure with only magnetic bearings with different sizes, thereby greatly saving the production cost.
Referring to fig. 4, the first axial magnetic bearing 31 includes a first stator assembly 311 and a first rotor assembly 312, the first stator assembly 311 is connected to the upper portion of the housing 1, and the first rotor assembly 312 is connected to the upper portion of the flywheel rotor 2; the first stator assembly 311 and the first rotor assembly 312 are disposed at a relative interval along the axial direction Z of the housing 1, and an axial magnetic force is generated between the first stator assembly 311 and the first rotor assembly 312 to control the axial displacement of the flywheel rotor 2.
In one embodiment, the first axial magnetic bearing 31 may be a passive magnetic bearing that may rely on the natural properties of the magnetic material to remain stable, without the need for an external energy source to maintain the bearing in suspension. Specifically, the first stator assembly 311 is provided with a magnetic material such as a permanent magnet, and the first rotor assembly 312 is also provided with a magnetic material, and the axial displacement of the flywheel rotor 2 is controlled by the repulsive force of the magnetic materials of the first stator assembly 311 and the first rotor assembly 312.
Referring to fig. 5, similarly, in one embodiment, the second axial magnetic bearing 32 may also be a passive magnetic bearing, and the second axial magnetic bearing 32 may be the same structure as the first axial magnetic bearing 31, and the second axial magnetic bearing 32 also includes a second stator assembly 321 and a second rotor assembly 322, the second stator assembly 321 being connected to the lower portion of the housing 1, the second rotor assembly 322 being connected to the lower portion of the flywheel rotor 2; the second stator assembly 321 and the second rotor assembly 322 are disposed at opposite intervals along the axial direction Z of the housing 1, and an axial magnetic force is generated between the second stator assembly 321 and the second rotor assembly 322 to control the axial displacement of the flywheel rotor 2.
Wherein, on the first plane, the projection area of the second stator assembly 321 and the second rotor assembly 322 is larger than the projection area of the first stator assembly 311, and the projection area of the second stator assembly 321 and the second rotor assembly 322 is larger than the projection area of the first rotor assembly 312, so that the magnetic repulsive force between the second stator assembly 321 and the second rotor assembly 322 is larger than the magnetic repulsive force between the first stator assembly 311 and the first rotor assembly 312, so as to realize the suspension of the flywheel rotor 2. Simultaneously, the two magnetic repulsive forces jointly control the axial displacement of the flywheel rotor 2, so that the flywheel rotor 2 rotates more stably during working.
It will be appreciated that where both the first axial magnetic bearing 31 and the second axial magnetic bearing 32 are passive magnetic bearings, the magnetic repulsion between the passive magnetic bearings is regulated by controlling the air gap between the stator assembly and the rotor assembly.
In the prior art, the first 31 and second 32 axial magnetic bearings are generally identical, in such a way that the air gap between the stator and rotor assemblies of each axial magnetic bearing needs to be adjusted several times in order to levitate the flywheel rotor 2; the present application adopts the small-sized first axial magnetic bearing 31 and the large-sized second axial magnetic bearing 32, and the air gap between the first stator assembly 311 and the first rotor assembly 312 and the air gap between the second stator assembly 321 and the second rotor assembly 322 are better predicted and adjusted, so that the first axial magnetic bearing 31 and the second axial magnetic bearing 32 are more convenient and simpler to assemble.
Referring to fig. 6, in one embodiment, the first stator assembly 311 and the first rotor assembly 312 have the same structure, the first stator assembly 311 and the first rotor assembly 312 each include a first magnetic bearing bracket 3111, a first permanent magnet array 3112 and a first isolation assembly 3114, the first permanent magnet array 3112 is disposed within the first magnetic bearing bracket 3111, a first mounting slot 3115 is formed on a side of the first magnetic bearing bracket 3111 facing away from the first permanent magnet array 3112, the first isolation assembly 3114 is disposed within the first mounting slot 3115, and the first isolation assembly 3114 is configured to isolate magnetic fields and heat.
In practical applications, the first permanent magnet array 3112 may not be a full ring structure, and may be formed by tens or hundreds of block magnets, so that the process difficulty of magnet forming and magnetizing can be greatly reduced. The material of the first magnetic bearing seat 3111 may be a nickel-chromium-iron-based solid solution reinforced alloy, which has characteristics of heat resistance and corrosion resistance in addition to high strength. Since the flywheel rotor 2 is subjected to hoop stress in actual operation, an annular groove is milled into the first magnetic bearing seat 3111, the first permanent magnet array 3112 is fixed in the annular groove, and the first permanent magnet array 3112 may be fixed in the annular groove by epoxy curing agent.
Specifically, the epoxy curing agent fills the surface of the first permanent magnet array 3112 and the first magnetic bearing block 3111 that are in contact to ensure accuracy and reliability of the mounting of the first permanent magnet array 3112.
In one embodiment, first isolation assembly 3114 may include a thermal insulation spacer and a magnetic insulation spacer, the thermal insulation spacer being of a resin material having a low thermal conductivity to reduce transmission of external heat sources to first permanent magnet array 3112, thereby affecting its normal use; meanwhile, the magnetic isolation gasket is made of silicon steel sheets or industrial pure iron with good magnetic conductivity, so that the magnetic field of the passive magnetic bearing non-acting surface of the permanent magnetic repulsive force is gathered, the transmission of the magnetic field to the first permanent magnet array 3112 from the outside is reduced, and the influence of the external magnetic field on the first permanent magnet array 3112 is avoided.
Referring to fig. 7, in one embodiment, the second stator assembly 321 and the second rotor assembly 322 have the same structure, each of the second stator assembly 321 and the second rotor assembly 322 includes a second magnetic bearing seat 3211, a second permanent magnet array 3212, and a second isolation assembly 3214, the second permanent magnet array 3212 is disposed in the second magnetic bearing seat 3211, a second mounting groove 3215 is formed on a side of the second magnetic bearing seat 3211 facing away from the second permanent magnet array 3212, and the second isolation assembly 3214 is disposed in the second mounting groove 3215, where the second isolation assembly 3214 is used for isolating magnetic fields and heat.
It will be appreciated that the second stator assembly 321 and the first stator assembly 311 have the same structure, and the second rotor assembly 322 and the first rotor assembly 312 have the same structure, so that the second magnetic bearing seat 3211, the second permanent magnet array 3212 and the second isolation assembly 3214 function and produce the same effects as the first magnetic bearing seat 3111, the first permanent magnet array 3112 and the first isolation assembly 3114, and the structures of the second stator assembly 321 and the second rotor assembly 322 are not repeated herein.
It should be noted that, the first magnetic bearing seat 3111 and the second magnetic bearing seat 3211 may have a seat-ring integrated structure, as shown in fig. 8; the first magnetic bearing seat 3111 and the second magnetic bearing seat 3211 may be formed in a seat-ring split type structure, as shown in fig. 9, to which the present application is not limited.
In one embodiment, the first array of permanent magnets 3112 and the second array of permanent magnets 3212 are halbach arrays or alternating axial magnetization arrays. Wherein, the specific wave band or ring pair number of the first permanent magnet array 3112 and the second permanent magnet array 3212 is determined according to the designed suspension height of the flywheel rotor 2, and the halbach array can be half wave band, four wave band and eight wave band; the more the number of alternating axial magnetization array loops is, the better under certain size and strength requirements. Such as a tri-annular, penta-annular, etc., may increase the load carrying capacity.
The first stator assembly 311 further includes a first stator 3113, the first array of permanent magnets 3112 being mounted within the first magnetic bearing block 3111 by the first stator 3113; the second stator assembly 321 further comprises a second fixture 3213, and the second permanent magnet array 3212 is mounted in the second magnetic bearing block 3211 by the second fixture 3213. Wherein, the first fixing piece 3113 and the second fixing piece 3213 may use epoxy curing agents.
Referring again to fig. 6 and 7, in the axial direction Z of the housing 1, the first mounting groove 3115 has a depth greater than the thickness of the first insulation assembly 3114, and the second mounting groove 3215 has a depth greater than the thickness of the second insulation assembly 3214, such that the depth slightly greater than the thickness may allow for mounting margin for process errors occurring in the production process of the first insulation assembly 3114 or the second insulation assembly 3214, on the one hand, and for thermal expansion deformations, on the other hand.
Referring to fig. 10 and 11, the conical stator assembly 411 includes a third magnetic bearing housing 4111 and a conical stator core 4112, wherein the third magnetic bearing housing 4111 is connected to the housing 1, the conical stator core 4112 is connected to a side of the third magnetic bearing housing 4111 near the flywheel rotor 2, and the conical stator core 4112 is disposed at an opposite interval from the conical rotor assembly 412 along a radial direction X of the housing 1.
In practical applications, the conical rotor assembly 412 may employ a conical rotor core 4121, wherein the conical stator core 4112 is gradually inclined from top to bottom along the axial direction Z of the housing 1, the conical rotor core 4121 is gradually inclined from top to bottom, and the inclined directions and inclined angles of the conical stator core 4112 and the conical rotor core 4121 are consistent, specifically, the conical stator core 4112 is parallel to the surface of the conical rotor core 4121, so that the radial translational and rotational displacement of the flywheel rotor 2 can be controlled more precisely. The magnetic pole surface of the conical stator core 4112 is conical, the magnetic pole surface and the geometric central axis of the conical surface form a certain cone angle, the cone angle can be within 10 degrees, and the specific value is determined according to the actual situation.
It should be noted that, in addition to the above-mentioned pure electric type, the conical stator assembly 411 may further include a permanent magnet to form a hybrid conical magnetic bearing. For example, the permanent magnets are positioned in the middle of the conical stator core 4112, and the magnetization directions of all the permanent magnets are axial and consistent, as shown in fig. 12; the permanent magnets may be located at the yoke portion of the conical stator core 4112, where the magnetization directions of all the permanent magnets are circumferential, and the magnetization directions of adjacent permanent magnets are opposite, as shown in fig. 13; the permanent magnets may be located at the magnetic poles of the conical stator core 4112, where all the permanent magnets have radial magnetization directions and the magnetization directions of the adjacent permanent magnets are opposite, as shown in fig. 14, which is not limited in the present application.
Referring again to fig. 11, in one embodiment, the sensor assembly 5 includes a probe 53 and a mount 51, the mount 51 being connected to the top of the third magnetic bearing block 4111, four probes 53 being evenly spaced circumferentially of the mount 51.
Specifically, the sensor assembly 5 further includes a fixing block 52, an integrated plate 54, and a shielding cover 55, the probes 53 are fixed on the fixing block 52, the fixing block 52 is fixed on the mounting seat 51, and four probes 53 are uniformly spaced in the circumferential direction of the mounting seat 51. The four probes 53 are uniformly powered and signal-transmitted through the integrated board 54, the shielding cover 55 is fixed on the top of the mounting seat 51, and the shielding cover 55 is used for shielding external signals so as to avoid the detection of the probes 53 by the external signals.
The flywheel rotor decoupling method adopts the flywheel energy storage unit topology, and comprises the following steps:
S1, detecting displacement data by a sensor assembly 5;
In practice, the sensor assembly 5 connected to the upper radial magnetic bearing 41 detects displacement data of the conical rotor assembly 412 in the upper radial magnetic bearing 41, and the sensor assembly 5 connected to the lower radial magnetic bearing 42 detects displacement data of the conical rotor assembly 412 in the lower radial magnetic bearing 42.
S2, converting the displacement data into coordinates of the conical rotor assembly 412 through analog/digital conversion;
Obtaining the coordinates of the conical rotor assembly 412 from the displacement data detected by the sensor assembly 5; conical rotor assembly 412 in upper radial magnetic bearing 41 is co-ordinate Conical rotor assembly 412 in lower radial magnetic bearing 42 is co-ordinate。
S3, obtaining the barycenter coordinates of the flywheel rotor 2 through input transformation of the coordinates of the conical surface rotor assembly 412;
Since the conical rotor assembly 412 is connected to the flywheel rotor, the centroid coordinates of the flywheel rotor 2 are obtained by input transformation, and the centroid coordinates of the flywheel rotor 2 are set as AndThe input transformation formula is: ; where L is the span between the upper radial magnetic bearing 41 and the lower radial magnetic bearing 42, where the Z-coordinate is measured by the axial detection assembly 6.
S4, converting the barycenter coordinates of the flywheel rotor 2 into equivalent control voltages of the conical rotor assembly 412, and obtaining control voltages of the upper radial magnetic bearing 41 and the lower radial magnetic bearing 42 on the X axis and the Y axis according to the equivalent control voltages;
In practical application, the barycenter coordinates of the flywheel rotor 2 are converted into equivalent control voltages of the conical rotor assemblies 412 in the upper radial magnetic bearing 41 and the lower radial magnetic bearing 42 by the magnetic bearing controller, respectively ; And the control voltages of the upper radial magnetic bearing 41 and the lower radial magnetic bearing 42 are obtained from the equivalent control voltages, respectively、、、; Wherein,、For the control voltages of the upper radial magnetic bearing 41 in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction,、Is the control voltage of the lower radial magnetic bearing 42 in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction.
It should be noted that, the centroid coordinates of the flywheel rotor 2 are converted into the equivalent control voltages of the conical rotor assemblies 412 in the upper radial magnetic bearing 41 and the lower radial magnetic bearing 42 by the magnetic bearing controller, and this technical means is well known in the art, and the present application is not repeated herein.
S5, converting the equivalent control voltage into coil voltages of the upper radial magnetic bearing 41 and the lower radial magnetic bearing 42 through an output conversion and decoupling formula;
Wherein, the output transformation formula is: ; the decoupling formula is: ; u0 is a preset bias voltage.
S6, inputting coil voltage into the upper radial magnetic bearing 41 and the lower radial magnetic bearing 42 to control the rotation position of the conical surface rotor assembly 412.
In practical applications, the upper radial magnetic bearing 41 and the lower radial magnetic bearing 42 of the present application are all classical eight-pole active electromagnetic bearings, the windings in the conical surface stator assembly 411 are controlled based on coil voltages, and U1, U2, U3, U4, U5, U6, U7, and U8 are respectively the coil voltages of the upper radial magnetic bearing 41 and the lower radial magnetic bearing 42, and the magnitudes of the magnetic forces of the upper radial magnetic bearing 41 and the lower radial magnetic bearing 42 are controlled by inputting different coil voltage values, so as to control the rotation position of the conical surface rotor assembly 412, and since the conical surface rotor assembly 412 is connected to the flywheel rotor 2, controlling the rotation position of the conical surface rotor assembly 412 can realize controlling the movement position of the flywheel rotor 2.
The traditional flywheel decoupling method generally only obtains the coordinates of the flywheel rotor 2 in the three directions X, Y, Z, and because the magnetic pole acting surface of the conical magnetic bearing is an inclined surface and the acting direction of magnetic force is also inclined, the magnetic force is decomposed to generate rotating force on the flywheel rotor 2 besides X, Y, Z translational force, so that the measured coordinates of the flywheel rotor 2 in the three directions X, Y, Z are inaccurate, and the input conversion formula adopted by the application decomposes the coordinate information of the conical magnetic bearing to obtain the coordinates of the flywheel rotor 2 in five degrees of freedom, besides the coordinates of the X, Y, Z translational directions, the method can also obtainAndCompared with the traditional three-degree-of-freedom coordinates, the coordinate of the rotation direction is more accurate, the coil voltage is controlled according to the output transformation formula and the decoupling formula, each group of coordinates of the flywheel rotor 2 corresponds to one group of coil voltage, the coil voltage can be adjusted in real time in the rotation process of the flywheel rotor 2, so that the position adjustment of the flywheel rotor 2 is more accurate, the problem that the flywheel rotor is uncontrollable in five degrees of freedom is solved, and the stable suspension of the flywheel rotor in five degrees of freedom is realized.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the embodiments of this application and it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that variations and modifications may be made without departing from the principles of the application, and it is intended to cover all modifications and variations as fall within the scope of the application.
Claims (9)
1. A flywheel energy storage unit, comprising:
A housing itself defining an axial direction and a radial direction;
the flywheel rotor is rotationally assembled in the shell;
the axial magnetic bearing assembly is arranged between the shell and the flywheel rotor and is used for controlling the axial displacement of the flywheel rotor;
The radial magnetic bearing assembly is arranged between the shell and the flywheel rotor and comprises an upper radial magnetic bearing and a lower radial magnetic bearing, and the upper radial magnetic bearing and the lower radial magnetic bearing are respectively arranged at the upper part and the lower part of the flywheel rotor; the upper radial magnetic bearing and the lower radial magnetic bearing have the same structure and comprise a conical surface stator assembly and a conical surface rotor assembly, wherein the conical surface stator assembly is connected with the shell, the conical surface rotor assembly is connected with the flywheel rotor, the conical surface stator assembly and the conical surface rotor assembly are oppositely arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the shell, and the conical surface stator assembly and the conical surface rotor assembly generate magnetic force so as to control the radial displacement of the flywheel rotor;
the sensor component is connected with the upper radial magnetic bearing and the lower radial magnetic bearing and is used for detecting displacement information of the flywheel rotor;
the axial magnetic bearing assembly comprises a first axial magnetic bearing and a second axial magnetic bearing, the first axial magnetic bearing is connected between the upper part of the flywheel rotor and the shell, and the second axial magnetic bearing is connected between the lower part of the flywheel rotor and the shell;
The first axial magnetic bearing comprises a first stator assembly and a first rotor assembly, the first stator assembly is connected to the upper part of the shell, and the first rotor assembly is connected to the upper part of the flywheel rotor; the first stator component and the first rotor component are arranged at intervals relatively along the axial direction of the shell, and axial magnetic force is generated between the first stator component and the first rotor component so as to control the axial displacement of the flywheel rotor;
The second axial magnetic bearing comprises a second stator assembly and a second rotor assembly, the second stator assembly is connected to the lower part of the shell, and the second rotor assembly is connected to the lower part of the flywheel rotor; the second stator assembly and the second rotor assembly are arranged at intervals relatively along the axial direction of the shell, and axial magnetic force is generated between the second stator assembly and the second rotor assembly so as to control the axial displacement of the flywheel rotor;
The first stator assembly and the first rotor assembly have the same structure and comprise a first magnetic bearing seat, a first permanent magnet array and a first isolation assembly, wherein the first permanent magnet array is arranged in the first magnetic bearing seat, a first mounting groove is formed in one side, away from the first permanent magnet array, of the first magnetic bearing seat, the first isolation assembly is arranged in the first mounting groove, and the first isolation assembly is used for isolating a magnetic field and heat;
the second stator assembly and the second rotor assembly have the same structure and comprise a second magnetic bearing seat, a second permanent magnet array and a second isolation assembly, wherein the second permanent magnet array is arranged in the second magnetic bearing seat, a second mounting groove is formed in one side, away from the second permanent magnet array, of the second magnetic bearing seat, the second isolation assembly is arranged in the second mounting groove, and the second isolation assembly is used for isolating a magnetic field and heat; the depth of the first mounting groove is greater than the thickness of the first isolation component along the axial direction of the shell, and the depth of the second mounting groove is greater than the thickness of the second isolation component.
2. The flywheel energy storage unit of claim 1, wherein the first and second arrays of permanent magnets are halbach arrays or alternating axial magnetization arrays.
3. The flywheel energy storage unit of claim 1, wherein the first stator assembly further comprises a first fixture by which the first permanent magnet array is mounted within the first magnetic bearing block; the second stator assembly further includes a second fixture through which the second permanent magnet array is mounted in the second magnetic bearing block.
4. The flywheel energy storage unit of claim 1, wherein the conical stator assembly comprises a third magnetic bearing seat and a conical stator core, the third magnetic bearing seat is connected to the housing, the conical stator core is connected to a side of the third magnetic bearing seat, which is close to the flywheel rotor, and the conical stator core and the conical rotor assembly are arranged at opposite intervals along the radial direction of the housing.
5. The flywheel energy storage unit of claim 4, wherein the sensor assembly comprises a probe and a mount connected to the top of the third magnetic bearing mount, the mount being circumferentially evenly spaced with four of the probes.
6. A method of decoupling a flywheel rotor, comprising the flywheel energy storage unit of any of claims 1-5 and the steps of:
s1, detecting displacement data by the sensor assembly;
s2, converting the displacement data into the conical surface rotor assembly coordinates through analog/digital conversion;
S3, the barycenter coordinates of the flywheel rotor are obtained through input transformation of the conical surface rotor assembly coordinates;
s4, converting the barycenter coordinates of the flywheel rotor into equivalent control voltages of the conical rotor assembly, and obtaining control voltages of the upper radial magnetic bearing and the lower radial magnetic bearing on an X axis and a Y axis according to the equivalent control voltages;
s5, converting the equivalent control voltage into coil voltages of the upper radial magnetic bearing and the lower radial magnetic bearing through an output conversion and decoupling formula;
S6, inputting the coil voltage into the upper radial magnetic bearing and the lower radial magnetic bearing so as to control the rotation position of the conical surface rotor assembly.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the flywheel rotor has a centroid coordinate ofAndThe conical surface rotor assembly coordinate in the upper radial magnetic bearing is as followsThe conical surface rotor assembly coordinate of the lower radial magnetic bearing is as followsThe span between the upper radial magnetic bearing and the lower radial magnetic bearing is set to L;
Wherein, the input transformation formula in S3 is: wherein X, Y, Z is the translational coordinate of the flywheel rotor, 、A rotational coordinate of the flywheel rotor; the Z-coordinate is measured by the axial sensing assembly.
8. The flywheel rotor decoupling method of claim 6, wherein the output transformation formula in S5 is: ; wherein, For equivalent control voltages of conical rotor assemblies in the upper radial magnetic bearing and the lower radial magnetic bearing, U1, U2, U3, U4, U5, U6, U7, U8 are coil voltages of the upper radial magnetic bearing and the lower radial magnetic bearing.
9. The flywheel rotor decoupling method of claim 6, wherein the decoupling formula in S5 is: ; wherein, 、For the control voltage of the upper radial magnetic bearing in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction,、Controlling voltage of the lower radial magnetic bearing in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction; u0 is the bias voltage.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202410541782.3A CN118117812B (en) | 2024-04-30 | Flywheel energy storage unit topology and flywheel rotor decoupling method thereof |
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| CN202410541782.3A CN118117812B (en) | 2024-04-30 | Flywheel energy storage unit topology and flywheel rotor decoupling method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104879383A (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2015-09-02 | 北京奇峰聚能科技有限公司 | Protection method for large-capacity magnetic-suspension energy-storing fly wheel rotor after falling down |
| CN107888041A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-04-06 | 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 | A kind of bearing-free switch reluctance motor |
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104879383A (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2015-09-02 | 北京奇峰聚能科技有限公司 | Protection method for large-capacity magnetic-suspension energy-storing fly wheel rotor after falling down |
| CN107888041A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-04-06 | 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 | A kind of bearing-free switch reluctance motor |
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