CN118117126A - Fuel cell system residual hydrogen amount estimation device, method, computer readable storage medium and product based on solid hydrogen storage - Google Patents
Fuel cell system residual hydrogen amount estimation device, method, computer readable storage medium and product based on solid hydrogen storage Download PDFInfo
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- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
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- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fuel cell system residual hydrogen amount estimation device, method, computer readable storage medium and product based on solid hydrogen storage, relating to the technical field of fuel cell systems, wherein the device comprises: the system comprises a solid-state hydrogen storage bottle, a fuel cell stack, an electronic load, an ammeter, a current integration module and a fuel cell controller; the solid-state hydrogen storage bottle is used for storing hydrogen in a solid material, an outlet of the solid-state hydrogen storage bottle is connected with a hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell stack, a hydrogen outlet of the fuel cell stack is connected with an electronic load, the ammeter is respectively connected with the electronic load, the ammeter integration module and the fuel cell stack, the ammeter is used for collecting the current of the electronic load, and the ammeter integration module is used for integrating the current; the fuel cell controller is connected with the current integration module and is used for calculating the residual hydrogen quantity of the fuel cell system according to the current integration. The invention can enable users and operation and maintenance personnel to monitor the residual hydrogen quantity of the fuel cell system in real time.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the technical field of fuel cell systems, and in particular, to a device, a method, a computer readable storage medium and a product for estimating the residual hydrogen amount of a fuel cell system based on solid-state hydrogen storage.
Background
In the development process of the hydrogen energy industry, the storage and transportation of hydrogen are key links for connecting upstream hydrogen production and downstream hydrogen utilization. At present, the storage method of hydrogen mainly comprises a high-pressure hydrogen cylinder method, a low-temperature liquefied hydrogen method and a metal hydride solid hydrogen storage mode 3. The high-pressure hydrogen cylinder method and the low-temperature liquefied hydrogen method have the defects of high cost, poor safety and the like in the using and transporting processes. Solid hydrogen storage refers to a technology of storing hydrogen by physical adsorption, chemical adsorption or formation of hydride using a solid hydrogen storage material. Compared with other hydrogen storage technologies, the solid hydrogen storage has the advantages of high hydrogen storage density (up to 40-50 kg/m 3) per unit volume, relatively low hydrogen storage pressure (usually lower than 5 MPa), high hydrogen purity, good cycle performance and the like. Has wide application prospect in the fields of green hydrogen energy storage, hydrogen adding station, hydrogen safe transportation, hydrogen source matched with hydrogen fuel cell and the like.
Compared with other hydrogen storage modes, the solid hydrogen storage mode has the two most remarkable advantages of high volume hydrogen storage density and good safety performance. In the field of hydrogen energy traffic, a hydrogen fuel cell two-wheel vehicle mainly adopts a solid hydrogen storage method, mainly has small space volume of two vehicles of a fuel cell, and can greatly improve the space utilization rate by utilizing the solid hydrogen storage. In addition, the solid-state hydrogen storage safety is better, and the vehicle can be safely parked in the garage.
The hydrogen remaining amount information is important to the endurance mileage influence of the fuel cell system vehicle. In the actual operation process of the solid-state hydrogen storage fuel cell, the residual hydrogen amount needs to be monitored in real time so that a user can better know the endurance mileage of the solid-state hydrogen storage fuel cell system. Currently, the residual amount of hydrogen stored in solid hydrogen is usually measured by a weighing method. The amount of hydrogen remaining was estimated by weighing the change in weight of the solid hydrogen storage product. The initial weight of the hydrogen storage material was recorded before it was filled with hydrogen. Then, the weight change of the hydrogen storage material is periodically weighed during use, and the amount of hydrogen remaining can be estimated by calculating the difference in weight. However, for fuel vehicles using solid hydrogen storage, the change of the residual hydrogen gas cannot be monitored in real time during driving, and difficulty is provided for filling or replacing the hydrogen storage bottle.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device, a method, a computer-readable storage medium and a product for estimating the residual hydrogen amount of a fuel cell system based on solid-state hydrogen storage, so that users and operation and maintenance personnel can monitor the residual hydrogen amount of the fuel cell system in real time.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a fuel cell system residual hydrogen amount estimation device based on solid-state hydrogen storage, comprising: the system comprises a solid-state hydrogen storage bottle, a fuel cell stack, an electronic load, an ammeter, a current integration module and a fuel cell controller;
The solid hydrogen storage bottle is used for storing hydrogen in a solid material, an outlet of the solid hydrogen storage bottle is connected with a hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell stack, and a pressure regulating valve and a hydrogen supply electromagnetic valve are arranged on a connecting pipeline of the solid hydrogen storage bottle and the fuel cell stack; the hydrogen outlet of the fuel cell pile is connected with the electronic load, and a hydrogen discharge electromagnetic valve is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the fuel cell pile and the electronic load; the ammeter is respectively connected with the electronic load, the current integration module and the fuel cell stack, and is used for collecting the current of the electronic load, and the current integration module is used for integrating the current; the fuel cell controller is connected with the current integration module and is used for calculating the residual hydrogen quantity of the fuel cell system according to the current integration.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a method for estimating the residual hydrogen amount of a fuel cell system based on solid-state hydrogen storage, which is applied to the above device for estimating the residual hydrogen amount of a fuel cell system based on solid-state hydrogen storage; the method comprises the following steps:
acquiring initial hydrogen quantity in a solid hydrogen storage bottle;
Recording the operation time of the fuel cell stack;
Collecting current of an electronic load, integrating the current, and calculating total hydrogen consumption of the electric pile;
calibrating the hydrogen discharge amount of the required fuel cell to obtain a calibrated hydrogen discharge rate;
Calculating total hydrogen discharge amount according to the operation time length and the calibrated hydrogen discharge rate;
And calculating the hydrogen residual quantity of the fuel cell stack at the operation time t according to the initial hydrogen quantity, the total hydrogen consumption of the stack and the total hydrogen discharge.
To achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above-described solid-state hydrogen storage-based fuel cell system residual hydrogen amount estimation method.
To achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a computer program product comprising a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above method for estimating a residual hydrogen amount of a fuel cell system based on solid-state hydrogen storage.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
1. Compared with other hydrogen storage modes, the solid-state hydrogen storage method adopted in the fuel cell system has the two most obvious advantages of high volume hydrogen storage density and good safety performance.
2. The invention does not need pressure sensor, temperature sensor, mass flowmeter, etc. when detecting, simplifying system structure and reducing estimating cost.
3. The invention can rapidly detect the hydrogen residual quantity in the solid hydrogen storage bottle, provide the information of the hydrogen residual quantity for users and operation and maintenance personnel in real time, is convenient for grasping the state information of the fuel cell system, and provides technical support for promoting the development of the fuel cell system applying the solid hydrogen storage.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a fuel cell system residual hydrogen estimating apparatus based on solid-state hydrogen storage according to the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for estimating the residual hydrogen amount of a fuel cell system based on solid-state hydrogen storage according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention aims to provide a device, a method, a computer-readable storage medium and a product for estimating the residual hydrogen amount of a fuel cell system based on solid hydrogen storage, which can be used for rapidly detecting the residual hydrogen amount in a solid hydrogen storage bottle.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the fuel cell system residual hydrogen amount estimation device based on solid-state hydrogen storage provided in the present embodiment includes: solid state hydrogen storage bottles, fuel cell stacks, electronic loads, current meters, current integration modules, and fuel cell controllers (FCUs). Further comprises: the device comprises a pressure regulating valve, a hydrogen supply electromagnetic valve, a hydrogen discharge electromagnetic valve, a fan, a communication module and a display.
The solid hydrogen storage bottle stores hydrogen in the solid material by utilizing physical and chemical adsorption of the material to the hydrogen, and the outlet of the solid hydrogen storage bottle is connected with the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell stack. A pressure regulating valve and a hydrogen supply electromagnetic valve are arranged on a connecting pipeline of the solid hydrogen storage bottle and the fuel cell stack; the pressure regulating valve is used for regulating the hydrogen inlet pressure of the fuel cell, and the hydrogen supply electromagnetic valve is used for regulating the hydrogen inlet rate of the fuel cell. The hydrogen outlet of the fuel cell stack is connected with an electronic load, the fuel cell stack is used for converting chemical energy into electric energy to provide an external load energy source, and the electronic load is used for consuming the electric energy generated by the stack. And a hydrogen discharge electromagnetic valve is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the fuel cell stack and the electronic load and used for adjusting the flow of the hydrogen outlet. The ammeter is respectively connected with the electronic load, the current integration module and the fuel cell stack, and is used for collecting the current of the electronic load, and the current integration module is used for integrating the current; the fuel cell controller is connected with the current integration module and is used for calculating the residual hydrogen quantity of the fuel cell system according to the current integration. The display is connected with the FCU and is used for providing information of residual hydrogen quantity for a user; the communication module is connected with the FCU and is used for providing hydrogen allowance information of operation and maintenance personnel, so that timely hydrogenation or replacement of the hydrogen storage bottle is facilitated.
The fan can be powered by a fuel cell or an external power supply and is used for providing oxygen required by the fuel cell reaction and taking away heat generated by the reactor reaction so as to maintain the temperature of the reactor stable.
The fuel cell system residual hydrogen amount estimation device based on solid hydrogen storage provided by the embodiment adopts a solid hydrogen storage method, and compared with other hydrogen storage modes, the solid hydrogen storage has the most obvious two advantages of high volume hydrogen storage density and good safety performance. And components such as a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a mass flowmeter and the like are not needed for detection, so that the system structure is simplified, and the estimation cost is reduced.
Example two
The embodiment provides a method for estimating the residual hydrogen amount of a fuel cell system based on solid-state hydrogen storage, as shown in fig. 2, including:
s1: and obtaining the initial hydrogen quantity in the solid hydrogen storage bottle.
Initializing the residual quantity of hydrogen in the solid hydrogen bottle, namely an initial hydrogen quantity M 0 (g): m 0 is initialized when the solid state hydrogen storage bottle assembly is on-board and the fuel cell is off-stream. When the solid hydrogen storage bottle is assembled and loaded, weighing measurement can be carried out before the solid hydrogen storage bottle is assembled, and the weight of the solid hydrogen storage bottle is subtracted from the total weight of the weighing measurement to obtain the initial hydrogen amount M 0. When the fuel cell stops operating, the remaining amount of hydrogen M is recorded as the remaining amount of hydrogen in the solid hydrogen storage bottle at the next time the fuel cell is started.
S2: the operating time of the fuel cell stack is recorded.
The fuel cell operation time t starts to be recorded when the fuel cell starts to start.
S3: and collecting the current of the electronic load, integrating the current, and calculating the total hydrogen consumption of the electric pile.
The current I is integrated, and the total hydrogen consumption M st (g) of the stack is calculated:
Wherein t 0 represents a start time, t e represents a stop time, and the operation time period t=t e-t0; represents the molar mass of hydrogen,/> N represents the number of single batteries; f represents Faraday constant (C/mol); i (t) represents the stack current (A is C/s representing the number of charges per second of electrons passing through); n cell represents the number of the unit cells in series in the electric pile.
S4: and calibrating the hydrogen discharge amount of the required fuel cell to obtain a calibrated hydrogen discharge rate.
The prior pair of the common PEMFC is assembled and is required to be detected to ensure the normal operation and the performance of the connected pile, and the hydrogen discharge amount of the required fuel cell can be calibrated in the detection process. The invention provides a method for calibrating the hydrogen discharge amount of a solid-state hydrogen storage fuel cell system, which comprises the following steps: in the pile detection process, the pile is enabled to work for 30min at full load (maximum output power) by using a load meter, the discharged hydrogen amount is collected by using a closed hydrogen storage container, the temperature and the pressure in the container are detected, the total mass M out (g) of discharged hydrogen can be calculated by using an ideal state equation, and the discharged hydrogen flow rate M out (g/s) can be calculated according to time and the total mass of hydrogen. Because the fully loaded electric pile working condition is adopted for output, the calculated hydrogen discharge flow rate m out is slightly larger than the operating hydrogen discharge flow rate under the actual working condition, and the calibrated hydrogen discharge amount is adopted so as to provide a certain amount of redundancy for the residual amount of the hydrogen of the fuel cell system.
S5: and calculating the total hydrogen discharge amount according to the operation time length and the calibrated hydrogen discharge rate.
The total hydrogen removal amount M out(g)：Mout＝mout ×t is calculated from the operation time period t and the calibrated hydrogen removal rate M out.
S6: and calculating the hydrogen residual quantity of the fuel cell stack at the operation time t according to the initial hydrogen quantity, the total hydrogen consumption of the stack and the total hydrogen discharge.
The remaining amount of hydrogen M t＝M0-Mst-Mout at the time of fuel cell operation t.
The display and the communication module transmit the hydrogen gas allowance information to the user and the operation and maintenance personnel, so that the state information of the fuel cell system can be mastered conveniently. If the residual hydrogen is lower than 20%, the display and the communication module respectively give an early warning to the user and the staff, and the staff timely hydrogenates or replaces the solid hydrogen storage bottle. If the residual amount of hydrogen is higher than 20%, when the fuel cell stops running, recording and storing the information of the residual amount of hydrogen in the solid hydrogen storage bottle.
Example III
A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the fuel cell system residual hydrogen amount estimation method based on solid-state hydrogen storage in embodiment two.
Example IV
A computer program product comprising a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the fuel cell system residual hydrogen amount estimation method based on solid state hydrogen storage in embodiment two.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that implementing all or part of the above described methods may be accomplished by way of a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, which when executed, may comprise the steps of the embodiments of the methods described above. Any reference to memory, database, or other medium used in embodiments provided herein may include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. The nonvolatile Memory may include Read-only Memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash Memory, optical Memory, high density embedded nonvolatile Memory, resistive random access Memory (ReRAM), magneto-resistive random access Memory (Magnetoresistive Random Access Memory, MRAM), ferroelectric Memory (Ferroelectric Random Access Memory, FRAM), phase change Memory (PHASE CHANGE Memory, PCM), graphene Memory, and the like. Volatile memory can include random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM) or external cache memory, and the like. By way of illustration, and not limitation, RAM can be in the form of a variety of forms, such as Static Random access memory (Static Random access memory AccessMemory, SRAM) or dynamic Random access memory (Dynamic Random Access Memory, DRAM), and the like. The databases referred to in the embodiments provided herein may include at least one of a relational database and a non-relational database. The non-relational database may include, but is not limited to, a blockchain-based distributed database, and the like. The processor referred to in the embodiments provided in the present invention may be a general-purpose processor, a central processing unit, a graphics processor, a digital signal processor, a programmable logic unit, a data processing logic unit based on quantum computing, or the like, but is not limited thereto.
The technical features of the above embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein with reference to specific examples, the description of which is intended only to assist in understanding the methods of the present invention and the core ideas thereof; also, it is within the scope of the present invention to be modified by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In summary, the present description should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A fuel cell system residual hydrogen amount estimation device based on solid-state hydrogen storage, characterized by comprising: the system comprises a solid-state hydrogen storage bottle, a fuel cell stack, an electronic load, an ammeter, a current integration module and a fuel cell controller;
The solid hydrogen storage bottle is used for storing hydrogen in a solid material, an outlet of the solid hydrogen storage bottle is connected with a hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell stack, and a pressure regulating valve and a hydrogen supply electromagnetic valve are arranged on a connecting pipeline of the solid hydrogen storage bottle and the fuel cell stack; the hydrogen outlet of the fuel cell pile is connected with the electronic load, and a hydrogen discharge electromagnetic valve is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the fuel cell pile and the electronic load; the ammeter is respectively connected with the electronic load, the current integration module and the fuel cell stack, and is used for collecting the current of the electronic load, and the current integration module is used for integrating the current; the fuel cell controller is connected with the current integration module and is used for calculating the residual hydrogen quantity of the fuel cell system according to the current integration.
2. The solid state hydrogen storage based fuel cell system remaining hydrogen amount estimation apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: and the display is connected with the fuel cell controller and used for displaying the residual hydrogen quantity of the fuel cell system.
3. The solid state hydrogen storage based fuel cell system remaining hydrogen amount estimation apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: and the communication module is connected with the fuel cell controller and used for sending the residual hydrogen quantity of the fuel cell system to operation and maintenance personnel.
4. A method for estimating a residual hydrogen amount of a fuel cell system based on solid-state hydrogen storage, characterized in that the method is applied to the residual hydrogen amount estimating apparatus for a fuel cell system based on solid-state hydrogen storage according to any one of claims 1 to 3; the method comprises the following steps:
acquiring initial hydrogen quantity in a solid hydrogen storage bottle;
Recording the operation time of the fuel cell stack;
Collecting current of an electronic load, integrating the current, and calculating total hydrogen consumption of the electric pile;
calibrating the hydrogen discharge amount of the required fuel cell to obtain a calibrated hydrogen discharge rate;
Calculating total hydrogen discharge amount according to the operation time length and the calibrated hydrogen discharge rate;
And calculating the hydrogen residual quantity of the fuel cell stack at the operation time t according to the initial hydrogen quantity, the total hydrogen consumption of the stack and the total hydrogen discharge.
5. The method for estimating a remaining hydrogen amount of a solid state hydrogen storage based fuel cell system according to claim 4, wherein obtaining an initial hydrogen amount in a solid state hydrogen storage bottle comprises:
weighing and measuring before the solid hydrogen storage bottle is assembled;
the initial amount of hydrogen is obtained by subtracting the weight of the solid hydrogen storage bottle from the total measured weight.
6. The method for estimating a remaining hydrogen amount in a solid state hydrogen storage based fuel cell system according to claim 4, wherein the calculation formula of the total amount of hydrogen consumption in the electric pile is:
Wherein M st represents the total hydrogen consumption of the stack, t 0 represents the starting time, t e represents the stopping time, and the operation time t=t e-t0; Represents the molar mass of hydrogen, F represents Faraday constant, I (t) represents the current of the electric pile, and n cell represents the number of the series single batteries of the electric pile.
7. The method for estimating remaining hydrogen amount in a solid state hydrogen storage based fuel cell system according to claim 4, wherein calibrating the hydrogen discharge amount of the required fuel cell to obtain a calibrated hydrogen discharge rate comprises:
In the pile detection process, the pile is enabled to work for 30min under full load by using a load meter, the hydrogen removal amount is collected by using a closed hydrogen storage container, the temperature and the pressure in the closed hydrogen storage container are detected, the total mass of the discharged hydrogen is calculated through an ideal state equation, and the calibrated hydrogen removal rate is calculated according to the time and the total mass of the hydrogen.
8. The method for estimating a remaining hydrogen amount of a solid-state hydrogen storage-based fuel cell system according to claim 4, wherein the remaining hydrogen amount M t＝M0-Mst-Mout; where M 0 represents the initial hydrogen amount, M st represents the total hydrogen consumption of the stack, and M out represents the total hydrogen discharge.
9. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that the computer program, when being executed by a processor, implements the steps of the solid state hydrogen storage based fuel cell system residual hydrogen amount estimation method as claimed in any one of claims 4 to 8.
10. A computer program product comprising a computer program, characterized in that the computer program/instructions, when executed by a processor, realizes the steps of the method for estimating the residual hydrogen amount of a solid state hydrogen storage based fuel cell system as claimed in any one of claims 4 to 8.
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| CN202410257686.6A CN118117126A (en) | 2024-03-06 | 2024-03-06 | Fuel cell system residual hydrogen amount estimation device, method, computer readable storage medium and product based on solid hydrogen storage |
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