CN101470020B - Detection system and method for mesomeric state hydrogen gas consumption - Google Patents
Detection system and method for mesomeric state hydrogen gas consumption Download PDFInfo
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- CN101470020B CN101470020B CN200710304098XA CN200710304098A CN101470020B CN 101470020 B CN101470020 B CN 101470020B CN 200710304098X A CN200710304098X A CN 200710304098XA CN 200710304098 A CN200710304098 A CN 200710304098A CN 101470020 B CN101470020 B CN 101470020B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
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Abstract
The invention relates to a steady hydrogen gas consumption detection system and a detection method thereof, belonging to the gas detection technical field. In the system, the main pipeline connected with the bottle valve of a high pressure bottle is mounted with a bottle mouth electromagnetic valve, a ferrule type joint, a detachable pipeline swirling valve, a primary road electromagnetic valve, a primary road manual valve, a first stage decompression valve, a safety valve, a second decompression valve, a flux controller and a flame arrester in turn. The method measures the weights before and after discharging the gas of the gas bottle, the temperatures and the pressures at the tail block of the gas bottle and the bottle valve, to obtain three hydrogen gas consumption value groups. The invention arranges a hydrogen bottle, a hydrogen gas bottle purging pipeline and a temperature pressure sensor in the bottle to improve measurement accuracy, comprises a filling pipeline to simply and directly fill gas into the high pressure gas bottle, and utilizes weighting method and counter weight calibration as reference, thus being convenient for the research on steady hydrogen gas consumption detection.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the gas detection technology field, particularly a kind of stable state hydrogen consumption amount detection systems and detection method.
Background technology
The power source that the city fuel battery passenger car generally uses is a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, and fuels sources is a hydrogen.Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells is a kind of device that hydrogen and oxygenant can be changed into electric energy and reaction product.Hydrogen enters the anode of fuel cell through diffusion layer, and the air after the filtration enters negative electrode through diffusion layer.Effect through anode catalyst, make hydrogen atom resolve into two hydrogen protons (proton) and two electronics (electron), anode reaction is: H2 → 2H++2e, wherein proton is by the another side of oxygen " attraction " to sulfonic acid proton exchange film, electronics arrives negative electrode after then forming electric current via external circuit.Under the effect of cathod catalyst, hydrogen proton, oxygen and electronics, the formation hydrone that reacts, so the water unique emission of fuel cell of can saying so, cathode reaction is: 1/2O2+2H++2e → H2O.
With hydrogen gas compressor the hydrogen compression being circulated in the pressure vessel group of carrying on the car, is simple and the most the most frequently used present vehicle-mounted pure storing hydrogen method.In the world's existing fuel cell motor bus demonstrative project, that adopts this vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage method has just accounted for great majority.High voltage bearing storage hydrogen pressure container and material are the keys of this method.High pressure hydrogen for reaching as high as 35 MPas adopts aluminum liner more, and the outer gas cylinder that twines fully with carbon fiber stores.
External parameters such as reacting gas input speed, pressure, humidity, temperature are all influential to battery performance, so hydrogen course of conveying from the gas cylinder to the fuel cell, not only to make high pressure hydrogen be decompressed to fuel cell import optimal pressure range (general fuel cell hydrogen operation relative pressure scope is between 0.1 to 0.5Mpa), also will be to the humidity of hydrogen, temperature is controlled according to different operating modes with flow.Total power output for the fuel cell of 250Kw, the hydrogen flowing quantity that needs near 2 normal cubic metres/minute, output is during 100Kw, approximately need 1 normal cubic metre/minute hydrogen flowing quantity, keep during idling the required minimum flow of fuel cell be about 0.08 normal cubic metre/minute.
Vehicle oil consumption generally adopts in the laboratory operating condition method oil consumption to represent that it is according to the behavior method discharging test findings in the world, adopts the carbon balance method to calculate and comes.The consumption numerical error that itself and fuel consumption meter obtain and stipulates all generally in the consumption run method that the fuel consumption meter measuring accuracy is ± 2% about 2%.This is at conventional gasoline machine and diesel engine.And because hydrogen will pass through humidification in course of conveying, the leakage during electrode reaction, the factors such as spontaneous evaporation of product water all cause and can not come calculated fuel consumption with the method for element conservation.Stipulated clearly among the SAE J2572 (2006) that the test of being done on the chassis dynamometer measures the resultnat accuracy of the hydrogen quality that consumes and reach ± 1.0%RD in a test loop.How to carry out the calculating of hydrogen gas consumption on the fuel-cell vehicle at present with the temperature and pressure transmitter of installing on flowmeter and the pipeline.For flowmeter survey, because the hydrogen flowing quantity variation range is big, the range of temperature in the flow process is also bigger, makes that the precision of variety classes flowmeter survey is also different.Measure for the serviceability temperature pressure transducer, because the temperature, pressure of the temperature, pressure on the pipeline can not represent first last equilibrium state in the bottle time, choosing of state equation calculated and the unified working specification of neither one, makes this method have error.
Clearly stipulated the detection method of three kinds of hydrogen gas consumptions among the SAE J2572 (2006): (1) with the volume of tanks, the pressure and temperature of internal gas is the clean mass change on basis, is called for short the temperature, pressure method; (2) based on the clean mass change of weight before and after the balance weighing gas cylinder, be called for short weight method; (3) count basic cumulative integral quality with mass rate, be called for short the flowmeter method.Preceding two kinds of methods are the pressure and temperatures according to high-pressure hydrogen storage, and perhaps the state variation of quality before and after test calculates Fuel Consumption, the measurement of stable state Fuel Consumption in the time of can only carrying out chassis dynamometer or actual road test.Instantaneous measurement can only rely on the method for last flowmeter.The series of studies of carrying out shows that three kinds of methods are satisfying the measuring accuracy that all can make hydrogen gas consumption under the prerequisite of certain condition and satisfy ± requirement of 1.0%RD on this basis.The conventional detection scheme has two kinds, a kind of is directly with contrast mutually between three kinds of schemes under the working condition tests of stipulating in the standard rules, a kind of be provided with can produce reading accuracy at ± 1% flow sonic nozzle as metewand, carry out the precision contrast of three kinds of methods with this benchmark.Fig. 1 is the pick-up unit schematic diagram of back a kind of scheme gravimetric method, temperature, pressure method and the gravimetric method of carrying out.The key of this scheme is to regulate sonic nozzle upstream and downstream pressure ratio more than 2: 1, and throat's gas flow rate reaches the velocity of sound state.This moment is by controlling upstream pressure Control Flow arbitrarily.Utilize the pressure transducer in temperature strain sheet that the gas cylinder surface sticks and gas cylinder exit to obtain the data of temperature, pressure method.Gas cylinder is connected with flexible pipe and directly is placed on the electronic balance with Shockproof rack and wind-proof device, and weighing before and after test to obtain the data of gravimetric method.Utilize the flowmeter of installing in the pipeline can obtain the data of flowmeter method.It is the precision of benchmark with this normal flow that the last normal flow that obtains according to sonic nozzle can calculate each method, the data precision of weight method and temperature, pressure method is in ± 1.0%RD, no matter but Coriolis mass flowmeter or thermal mass flow meter, all can not be accurate, flow is measured in response fast and on a large scale.
Existing hydrogen consumption quantity measuring method scheme has following technological deficiency:
For first kind of detection method scheme, with contrast mutually between three kinds of methods, do not have a benchmark, such relative accuracy does not have cogency.
For second kind of detection method scheme, the flow control of sonic nozzle will rely on upstream and downstream reduction valve steady pressure, also to regulate pressure with the upstream reduction valve, this requirement to reduction valve is very harsh, and do not propose corresponding reduction valve Technical Data Requests yet, cause the second order error of measurement easily.In the temperature, pressure method, the temperature strain sheet only is to be attached to the gas cylinder outside, determines can represent that surf zone of bottle interior temperature then by campaign and fluid numerical simulation.For the gas cylinder of different materials and structure, test can not prove whether the definite of this zone is the same, and proof procedure is also quite loaded down with trivial details.Pressure transducer is arranged on the pipeline, because the crushing of parts such as pipeline and cylinder valve brings error also can for the measurement of pressure transducer.When gravimetric method was measured, that section pipeline that links to each other with gas cylinder can produce stress, and for the high-precision electronic balance, such power is easy to cause additional reading, caused measuring inaccurate.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of stable state hydrogen consumption amount detection systems and detection method especially in order to solve problems of the prior art.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of stable state hydrogen consumption amount detection systems is equipped with bottleneck solenoid valve 10, bite type joint 11, detachable pipeline successively and screws valve 12, main line solenoid valve 13, main line hand valve 14, first order reduction valve 15, safety valve 16, second level reduction valve 17, flow controller 18 and spark arrester 19 on the main line that the cylinder valve 9 of gas cylinder 1 connects in this system.
Wherein, detachable pipeline is screwed main line both sides between valve 12 and the main line solenoid valve 13 and is equipped with and purges with hydrogen cylinder 21 and purge two branch road pipelines with nitrogen cylinder 20; Main line one side between main line solenoid valve 13 and the main line hand valve 14 is equipped with a branch road pipeline of the retaining valve 22, charging line hand valve 23 and the filling interface 24 that connect successively.
Be integrated with cylinder valve pressure transducer 6, cylinder valve temperature sensor 8, cylinder valve blowdown valve 7 on the cylinder valve 9 of gas cylinder 1.
The tail of gas cylinder 1 stifled 4 is integrated with the stifled pressure transducer 3 of tail, the stifled temperature sensor 2 of tail, the stifled blowdown valve 5 of tail, and wherein the sensor probe of pressure transducer 3 and temperature sensor 2 stretches in the bottle, directly contacts gas and measures.
Described bite type joint 11 is taken apart from main line, can the weighing district 100 that be made up of gas cylinder 1, bottleneck solenoid valve 10 and bite type joint 11 is independent from the trunk line, solenoid valve 10 and detachable pipeline are screwed valve 12 and are sealed about 11 two sections pipelines of the split bite type joint of dismantling respectively.
The temperature sensor precision of the cylinder valve 9 of described gas cylinder 1 and tail stifled 4 is 0.5%FS, the pressure transducer precision is 0.01%FS, the maximum pressure that pipeline before gas cylinder 1 and the first order reduction valve 15 bears is 35 MPas, and the design maximum flow of pipeline is 2500NLpmin.
A kind of stable state hydrogen consumption quantity measuring method, this method comprises the steps:
The weighing district 100 that step 1, the gas cylinder 1 that hydrogen will be housed and bottleneck solenoid valve 10 are formed is placed on the electronic balance weighs, the weight in record weighing this moment district 100;
Step 2, by bite type joint 9 pipeline in weighing district 100 is connected with main line, each solenoid valve is normally off in the pipeline;
Step 3, with after the pipe system energising, after opening bottleneck solenoid valve 10, detachable pipeline and screwing valve 12, main line solenoid valve 13 and main line hand valve 14, open and purge with hydrogen cylinder 21, pressure behind the first order reduction valve 15 is adjusted to 20～25bar, pressure behind the second level reduction valve 17 is adjusted to 2～5bar, the flow value of flow controller 18 is set at 50～100NL/min, and scavenging pipeline is after 30～60 seconds, the shut-down purge hydrogen cylinder;
Step 4, the flow value of flow controller 18 is set at the operating mode value, open gas cylinder 1, exit and after pressure of the inside of a bottle reduces by 1～2MPa, close, leave standstill be no less than 20 minutes after, system cut-off also screws detachable pipeline and screws valve 12, weighing district 100 is pulled down from bite type joint 11, be placed on the electronic balance and weigh;
After treating that balance reading is stable, with precision be the counterweight of M4 from big to little being placed on one by one on the electronic balance, consistent until its reading with the reading in the step 1, note the consumption that counterweight general assembly (TW) at this moment can draw one group of hydrogen;
To be depicted as curve in the cylinder valve 9 and the stifled 4 liang of pressure and temperature values of locating the real-time collection of measurement point of tail of gas cylinder 1, and the stationary value substitution formula of the front and back pressure and temperature of will exitting respectively:
With
Obtain bottleneck and bottle tail hydrogen consumption quality that the temperature, pressure method is calculated;
Formula (1) is applicable to that temperature range is 200-400 Kelvin, the hydrogen of pressure under 45 MPas.Wherein,
Z---compressibility factor
P---Hydrogen Vapor Pressure, MPa;
T---hydrogen temperature, Kelvin;
Constant v
IjAnd n
IjValue as shown in the table:
| i | j | v ij | n ij |
| 2 | 1 | 0.036719 | -1.23 |
| 2 3 3 4 4 5 6 | 2 1 2 1 2 1 1 | -0.039839 -0.0014722 0.0024083 0.65994e-5 -0.15469e-4 -0.13383e-6 0.15608e-8 | -2.22 -2.68 -3.1 -2.7 -4.3 -3.1 -4.1 |
In the formula (2),
The molal weight of M---hydrogen, 0.002016 kg/mol;
R---gas law constant, 8.314472 joules/(mole Kelvin);
V---gas cylinder 1atm, total water capacity volume in the time of 15 ℃, cubic meter;
p
1---Hydrogen Vapor Pressure before the venting, handkerchief;
p
2---venting back Hydrogen Vapor Pressure, handkerchief;
T
1---hydrogen temperature before the venting, Kelvin;
T
2---hydrogen temperature before the venting, Kelvin;
The hydrogen consumption quality that Δ m---temperature, pressure method is calculated, kg.
When in the gas cylinder 1 during hydrogen deficient, screw main line hand valve 14, open bottleneck solenoid valve 10, detachable pipeline is screwed valve 12 and main line solenoid valve 13, from the filling interface 24 ends hydrogen of can to gas cylinder 1, annotating.
In addition, in measuring process, but the process of repeating said steps four behind the measured values of group more than drawing, is carried out described step 5 again, and pipeline is carried out nitrogen purging.
The mean value of real-time pressure and temperature value of gathering in 4～7 minutes after the stationary value of pressure and temperature finishes for exitting after exitting in the described step 4, the pressure and temperature value when on behalf of gas cylinder 1 interior gas, this mean value can reach equilibrium state.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: will weigh after bottle and the pipeline disengaging, hydrogen cylinder is set to be added nitrogen cylinder scavenging pipeline and temperature and pressure transmitter and is arranged at the precision that can improve measurement in the bottle, the design charging line, make things convenient for gas directly be fed into gas cylinder and utilize weight method and weight correcting as benchmark, all convenient research to stable state hydrogen consumption quantity measuring method.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is existing hydrogen consumption quantity measuring method scheme device;
Fig. 2 is a hydrogen consumption amount detection systems synoptic diagram of the present invention;
Wherein 1 is gas cylinder, and 2 are the stifled temperature sensor of tail, and 3 are the stifled pressure transducer of tail, 4 is stifled for tail, and 5 are the stifled blowdown valve of tail, and 6 is the cylinder valve pressure transducer, 7 is the cylinder valve blowdown valve, and 8 is the cylinder valve temperature sensor, and 9 is cylinder valve, 10 is the bottleneck solenoid valve, and 11 is the bite type joint, and 12 screw valve for detachable pipeline, 13 is the main line solenoid valve, 14 is the main line hand valve, and 15 is first order reduction valve, and 16 is safety valve, 17 is second level reduction valve, 18 is flow controller, and 19 is spark arrester, and 20 are the purging nitrogen cylinder, 21 are the purging hydrogen cylinder, 22 is retaining valve, and 23 is the charging line hand valve, and 24 are the filling interface, 25 is sonic nozzle, 26 is fuel cell pack, and 27 is electronic balance, and 100 are the weighing district.
Fig. 3 is a pressure of the inside of a bottle curve map of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a thetagram of the present invention;
Wherein dotted line is the real time temperature curve of the temperature sensor measurement at the stifled place of tail, and solid line is the real time temperature curve of the temperature sensor measurement at cylinder valve place.
Embodiment
Below by the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
With reference to Fig. 2, a kind of stable state hydrogen consumption amount detection systems and is equipped with bottleneck solenoid valve 10, bite type joint 11, detachable pipeline successively and screws valve 12, main line solenoid valve 13, main line hand valve 14, first order reduction valve 15, safety valve 16, second level reduction valve 17, flow controller 18 and spark arrester 19 on the main line that the cylinder valve 9 of gas cylinder 1 is connected; The main line both sides that detachable pipeline is screwed between valve 12 and the main line solenoid valve 13 are equipped with purging hydrogen cylinder 21 and two branch road pipelines that purge with nitrogen cylinder 20; Main line one side between main line solenoid valve 13 and the main line hand valve 14 is equipped with a branch road pipeline of the retaining valve 22, charging line hand valve 23 and the filling interface 24 that connect successively.
Be integrated with cylinder valve pressure transducer 6, cylinder valve temperature sensor 8, cylinder valve blowdown valve 7 on the cylinder valve 9 of gas cylinder 1; The tail of gas cylinder 1 stifled 4 is integrated with the stifled pressure transducer 3 of tail, the stifled temperature sensor 2 of tail, the stifled blowdown valve 5 of tail.
In the example of the present invention, weighing district 100 that the gas cylinder 1 of hydrogen and bottleneck solenoid valve 10 form at first will be housed be placed on the electronic balance and weigh, and the quality in record weighing this moment district 100.Afterwards weighing district 100 is connected into the hydrogen consumption amount detection systems, comprise the electric line of sensor that screws on bite type joint 11 and the connection gas cylinder 1.After the pipe system energising, manually open main line hand valve 14 and screw valve 12 with detachable pipeline, and after opening bottleneck solenoid valve 10 and main line solenoid valve 13, open and purge with hydrogen cylinder 21, pressure behind the first order reduction valve 15 is adjusted to 21bar, the pressure behind the second level reduction valve 17 is adjusted to 2.5bar, the flow value of flowmeter 18 is set at 50NL/min, behind the scavenging pipeline 60 seconds, the shut-down purge hydrogen cylinder.The flow value of flow controller 18 is set at the operating mode value, open gas cylinder 1, exit and after pressure of the inside of a bottle reduces about 1MPa, close, wait for 20 minutes, system cut-off also screws detachable pipeline and screws valve 12, weighing district 100 is pulled down from bite type joint 11, and be placed on and weigh on the electronic balance and obtain hydrogen consumption quality behind the weight correcting.
One section horizontal component before picking and placeing gas on the curve that the pressure and temperature value of gathering in real time at stifled 4 places of the tail of gas cylinder 1 with reference to Fig. 3, Fig. 4 is depicted as, the mean value of accounting temperature and pressure, obtaining pressure is p
1Handkerchief, temperature are T
1Open; In the position between the venting ending segment 4～7 minutes on the described curve, get the mean value of a horizontal segment accounting temperature and pressure again, obtaining pressure is p
2Handkerchief, temperature are T
2Open substitution formula (1):
Calculate the z1 value before the venting and exit after the z2 value.Utilize formula (2) again:
The substitution data obtain the stifled 4 place's hydrogen consumption quality of calculating with the temperature, pressure method of tail.Identical method can obtain the cylinder valve 9 place's hydrogen consumption quality with the calculating of temperature, pressure method.
Through said process, can obtain the hydrogen consumption quality that one group of complete temperature, pressure method and weight method are measured.Below be the hydrogen consumption quality that many group temperature, pressure methods and weight method are measured:
| Test number | Temperature, pressure method calculated mass bottleneck (gram) | Temperature, pressure method calculated mass bottle tail (gram) | Weight correcting quality (gram) | With the gravimetric method is the temperature, pressure method error bottleneck (%) of benchmark | With the gravimetric method is the temperature, pressure method error bottle tail (%) of benchmark |
| 1 | 77.0 | 77.1 | 77.6 | -0.77 | -0.64 |
| 2 | 50.0 | 48.9 | 49.3 | 1.42 | -0.81 |
| 3 | 92.3 | 92.7 | 93.0 | -0.75 | -0.32 |
The error of the hydrogen consumption quality that the temperature, pressure value of utilizing bottle tail place to record calculates is less than bottle mouth position.
The main line of not packed in weighing district 100, with all the other pipe system energisings, open and purge with nitrogen cylinder 20, pressure behind the first order reduction valve 15 is adjusted to 21bar, pressure behind the second level reduction valve 17 is adjusted to 2.5bar, and the flow value of flow controller 18 is set at 30NL/min, exits after 60 seconds, shut-down purge nitrogen cylinder 20, and screw main line hand valve 13.
When giving gas cylinder 1 filling, at first to screw main line hand valve 14, open detachable pipeline and screw valve 12.After source of the gas was connected, energising was opened bottleneck solenoid valve 10 and main line solenoid valve 13, and is opened gas cylinder 1.Open charging line hand valve 23 after ready, can carry out the filling of gas.
Embodiment 2
As Fig. 2, before the weighing district 100 of gas cylinder 1 that hydrogen will be housed and bottleneck solenoid valve 10 compositions connects into the hydrogen consumption amount detection systems, at first utilizing electronic balance that weighing district 100 is carried out three times weighs, note three readings of electronic balance respectively and average, the quality in weighing district 100 is 31183.7 grams before obtaining exitting.After venting finished and waits for 30 minutes, outage was dismantled weighing district 100 from cutting ferrule, and the electric line of sensor in the pull-off weighing district 100, utilize electronic balance that it is carried out weighing once more, the registration of electronic balance is 31091.6 grams, and the difference of the registration of front and back is 92.1 grams.Weighing district 100 is not taken off from electronic balance, successively place 50 gram counterweights, 20 gram counterweights, 20 gram counterweights and 3 gram counterweights simultaneously on balance on goods and services, this moment, the electronic balance reading was 31183.7 grams, with the uniform quality in the preceding weighing district 100 of venting.Note used counterweight gross mass 93.0 grams this moment.This quality is the hydrogen consumption quality that weight method obtains behind the weight correcting, and this quality precision is good, with a high credibility, in the present invention as temperature, pressure method and flowmeter method ratio of precision benchmark.
Claims (7)
1. stable state hydrogen consumption amount detection systems, it is characterized in that, bottleneck solenoid valve (10), bite type joint (11), detachable pipeline are installed on the main line that the cylinder valve (9) of gas cylinder (1) connects successively screw valve (12), main line solenoid valve (13), main line hand valve (14), first order reduction valve (15), safety valve (16), second level reduction valve (17), flow controller (18) and spark arrester (19):
The main line both sides of screwing between valve (12) and the main line solenoid valve (13) at detachable pipeline are equipped with purging is used nitrogen cylinder (20) with hydrogen cylinder (21) and purging two branch road pipelines; Main line one side between main line solenoid valve (13) and the main line hand valve (14) is equipped with a branch road pipeline of the retaining valve (22), charging line hand valve (23) and the filling interface (24) that connect successively;
Be integrated with cylinder valve pressure transducer (6), cylinder valve temperature sensor (8) and cylinder valve blowdown valve (7) on the cylinder valve (9) of gas cylinder (1);
The tail of gas cylinder (1) stifled (4) is integrated with the stifled pressure transducer (3) of tail, the stifled temperature sensor (2) of tail and the stifled blowdown valve (5) of tail.
2. a kind of stable state hydrogen consumption amount detection systems according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the sensor probe of stifled pressure transducer (3) of the tail on the described tail stifled (4) and the stifled temperature sensor (2) of tail stretches in gas cylinder (1) bottle, directly contacts gas and measures.
3. a kind of stable state hydrogen consumption amount detection systems according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, bite type joint (11) is taken apart from main line, the weighing district (100) that gas cylinder (1), bottleneck solenoid valve (10) and bite type joint (11) are formed is independent from the main line, bottleneck solenoid valve (10) and detachably pipeline screw valve (12) and seal two sections pipelines about the split bite type joint of dismantling (11) respectively.
4. stable state hydrogen consumption quantity measuring method, it is characterized in that, it is to carry out in following system that described stable state hydrogen gas consumption detects, valve (12), main line solenoid valve (13) are screwed for bottleneck solenoid valve (10), bite type joint (11), detachable pipeline are installed on the main line that connects at the cylinder valve (9) of gas cylinder (1) successively in this system, main line hand valve (14), first order reduction valve (15), safety valve (16), second level reduction valve (17), flow controller (18) and spark arrester (19):
The main line both sides of screwing between valve (12) and the main line solenoid valve (13) at detachable pipeline are equipped with purging is used nitrogen cylinder (20) with hydrogen cylinder (21) and purging two branch road pipelines; Main line one side between main line solenoid valve (13) and the main line hand valve (14) is equipped with a branch road pipeline of the retaining valve (22), charging line hand valve (23) and the filling interface (24) that connect successively;
Be integrated with cylinder valve pressure transducer (6), cylinder valve temperature sensor (8) and cylinder valve blowdown valve (7) on the cylinder valve (9) of gas cylinder (1);
The tail of gas cylinder (1) stifled (4) is integrated with the stifled pressure transducer (3) of tail, the stifled temperature sensor (2) of tail and the stifled blowdown valve (5) of tail; The concrete detection comprises the steps:
Step 1. weighing district (100) that the gas cylinder (1) of hydrogen and bottleneck solenoid valve (10) form will be housed be placed on the electronic balance and weigh, note the weight in weighing district this moment (100);
Step 2. be connected with main line by the pipeline of bite type joint (11) with weighing district (100), each solenoid valve is normally off in the pipeline;
Step 3. after the pipe system energising, the pressure and temperature value of cylinder valve (9) and stifled (4) the two place's pressure transducers of tail and the temperature sensor of gas cylinder (1) is gathered in beginning in real time, open bottleneck solenoid valve (10), detachable pipeline is screwed valve (12), behind main line solenoid valve (13) and the main line hand valve (14), open and purge with hydrogen cylinder (21), pressure behind the first order reduction valve (15) is adjusted to 20-25bar, pressure behind the second level reduction valve (17) is adjusted to 2-5bar, the flow value of flow controller (18) is set at 50-100NL/min, purge this pipeline 30-60 after second, the shut-down purge hydrogen cylinder;
Step 4. the flow value of flow controller (18) is set at the operating mode value, open gas cylinder (1), exit and after pressure of the inside of a bottle reduces 1-2MPa, close, leave standstill be no less than 20 minutes after, system cut-off, and screw detachable pipeline and screw valve (12), weighing district (100) are pulled down from bite type joint (11), be placed on the electronic balance and weigh; After treating the electronic balance stable reading, with precision be the counterweight of M4 from big to little being placed on one by one on the electronic balance, consistent until the electronic balance reading with reading in the step 1, note counterweight general assembly (TW) at this moment, can draw the consumption of one group of hydrogen;
To be depicted as curve in the pressure and temperature value that the cylinder valve (9) and stifled (4) the two place's measurement points of tail of gas cylinder (1) are gathered in real time, and the stationary value substitution formula of the front and back pressure and temperature of will exitting respectively:
With
Obtain bottleneck and bottle tail hydrogen consumption quality that the temperature, pressure method is calculated;
Its Chinese style (1) is applicable to that temperature range is 200-400 Kelvin, the hydrogen of pressure under 45 MPas; The z-compressibility factor; The p-Hydrogen Vapor Pressure, MPa; The T-hydrogen temperature, Kelvin;
Constant V
IjAnd n
IjValue as shown in the table:
In the formula (2),
The molal weight of M-hydrogen, 0.002016 kg/mol;
The R-gas law constant, 8.314472 joules/(mole Kelvin);
V-gas cylinder 1atm, total water capacity in the time of 15 ℃, cubic meter;
P
1Hydrogen Vapor Pressure before the-venting, handkerchief; P
2-venting back Hydrogen Vapor Pressure, handkerchief;
T
1Hydrogen temperature before the-venting, Kelvin; T
2-venting back hydrogen temperature, Kelvin;
The consumption quality of the hydrogen that Δ m-temperature, pressure method is calculated; Kilogram;
Step 5. the main line of weighing district (100) not being packed into, pipe system is switched on, open and purge with nitrogen cylinder (20), pressure behind the first order reduction valve (15) is adjusted to 20～25bar, pressure behind the second level reduction valve (17) is adjusted to 2～5bar, and the flow value of flow controller (18) is set at 30～100NL/min, exits after 30～60 seconds, shut-down purge nitrogen cylinder (20), and screw main line hand valve (14).
5. a kind of stable state hydrogen consumption quantity measuring method according to claim 4 is characterized in that, the process of repeating said steps four behind the measured values of group more than drawing, is carried out described step 5 again pipeline is carried out nitrogen purging.
6. a kind of stable state hydrogen consumption quantity measuring method according to claim 4 is characterized in that, the stationary value of exit in the described step 4 back Hydrogen Vapor Pressure and temperature finishes the mean value of real-time pressure and temperature value of gathering in 4-7 minute for venting.
7. a kind of stable state hydrogen consumption quantity measuring method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, in the gas cylinder (1) during hydrogen deficient, screw main line hand valve (14), open bottleneck solenoid valve (10), detachable pipeline is screwed valve (12) and main line solenoid valve (13), holds the hydrogen of can annotating from filling interface (24) to gas cylinder (1).
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| CN101776471B (en) * | 2010-02-04 | 2011-08-17 | 西北工业大学 | Intermittent gaseous media flow rate measuring method of pulse detonation engine |
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