CN118112378A - System and method for testing insulation charge of oilpaper in polarity inversion electric field - Google Patents
System and method for testing insulation charge of oilpaper in polarity inversion electric field Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of converter transformer oilpaper insulation charge test, in particular to a system and a method for testing oilpaper insulation charge in a polarity inversion electric field, which are used for determining the number of time points required for charge distribution analysis in the polarity inversion time and determining the pulse period and the pulse number of any pulse signal trigger test pulse signal based on the electroacoustic pulse method principle; testing space charge of the oilpaper insulation sample under the polarity inversion electric field; triggering and collecting space charge waveform and polarization voltage amplitude at the rising edge moment of a test pulse signal in the polarity inversion process, applying different temperature fields to the oilpaper insulation sample under the polarity inversion electric field, and repeating the space charge test. The method realizes the measurement of the charge waveform at any multiple time points in the inversion process, solves the problem of rapid measurement of the charge waveform in the inversion process, and ensures the instantaneity of the charge transient characteristic record.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of converter transformer oilpaper insulation charge testing, in particular to a system and a method for testing oilpaper insulation charge under a polarity inversion electric field.
Background
The converter transformer is used as one of the DC power transmission core equipment, and the safety of the converter transformer is crucial to the stable operation of DC power transmission. However, with the development of high-voltage direct-current power transmission, the insulation problem of the converter transformer is increasingly developed, and more than half of the faults of the converter transformer are valve side faults. Compared with the traditional alternating current transformer, the converter transformer valve side is also subjected to a harmonic electric field, a direct current electric field and a polarity reversal electric field besides an alternating current electric field. Particularly, under the polarity inversion electric field, the amplitude and the polarity of the electric field change rapidly in a short time, a transient process occurs in insulation, and insulation faults are more likely to occur. As the main insulation form of the valve side winding, the oilpaper insulation is necessary to investigate its insulation characteristics at the polarity inversion voltage.
Among several insulating properties, space charge and partial discharge have been considered as important causes of insulation degradation and even failure. In the long-term operation of the converter transformer, space charges are accumulated in the oil paper insulation inside the converter transformer, the space charges in the insulation will have a residence phenomenon in the polarity inversion process, and the residence charges will distort the local electric field after inversion, thereby further increasing the discharge, enhancing the insulation degradation and even causing insulation failure. Therefore, in order to deeply disclose the degradation mechanism of the converter transformer, the method has important scientific significance and engineering application value for the charge residence characteristic and the influence of the charge residence characteristic on discharge under the polarity inversion working condition.
The current space charge experimental study only focuses on charge accumulation characteristics under direct current before polarity inversion and after polarity inversion is completed, and is difficult to develop related study on the limitation of a testing technology in the inversion process, and the charge transient process in the polarity inversion process cannot be tested, so that the charge dynamic characteristics of oilpaper in the polarity inversion process are not clear.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, an aspect of the present invention provides a system for testing insulation charge of oilpaper under a polarity inversion electric field, comprising:
function generator: changing the rising edge time of the RC time constant control signal through an arbitrary waveform generator, and generating a voltage output signal with the required rising edge time;
Test pulse matching circuit: generating a sequence pulse with a time interval delta t according to the rising edge time of the signal, wherein any pulse signal trigger of the sequence pulse generates a plurality of test pulse signals with the same period, and the test pulse signals are used for triggering a high-voltage pulse power supply;
High voltage pulse power: the method is used for loading test pulse signals to generate quick test pulses, and homopolar reversal polarization voltages are subjected to accurate matching;
Polarization voltage power supply: for receiving the voltage output signal and generating a polarity-reversal polarization voltage;
A charge test unit: applying a test pulse to an oil paper insulation sample under a polarity reversal polarization electric field to excite the oil paper insulation to generate a charge acoustic wave signal;
Temperature regulator: an adjustable temperature field is applied to the oilpaper insulation sample under the polarity-reversal polarization electric field;
oscilloscopes: the device is used for collecting the space charge signals and the synchronous signals of the polarization voltage and storing the space charge waveforms and the corresponding polarization voltage amplitudes in the polarity inversion process.
The test pulse matching circuit is formed by sequentially connecting a first pulse trigger circuit, a second pulse trigger circuit and a photoelectric isolator; the first pulse trigger circuit is used for generating a sequence pulse with a certain time interval delta t; the second pulse trigger circuit triggers and generates a plurality of test pulse signals with the same period according to any pulse signal of the sequence pulse; the photoelectric isolator is used for photoelectric isolation and electromagnetic interference shielding.
The polarized voltage power supply comprises a power amplifier for voltage amplifying the received voltage output signal sent by the function generator.
As a specific embodiment, the charge test unit applies a rapid test pulse and a polarity inversion polarization voltage, and the rapid test pulse and the polarity inversion polarization voltage are coupled to a high-voltage electrode of the charge test unit through a capacitor and a resistor matched by numerical values; the charge test unit is also provided with a grounding electrode which is grounded.
The oscilloscope adopts a sequential sampling function, the rising edge of sequential pulses is used as a trigger signal for acquisition, and meanwhile, the sequential sampling storage depth of the oscilloscope is set to be more than or equal to the number of test pulse signals in polarity inversion time.
The invention further provides a method for testing the insulation charge of the oilpaper under the polarity-reversal electric field, which comprises the following steps:
Determining the number of time points needing to be subjected to charge distribution analysis in polarity inversion time, and calculating the time interval delta t of the sequence pulse according to the polarity inversion time of the polarization voltage;
Based on the electroacoustic pulse method principle, determining the pulse period and the pulse number of any pulse signal trigger test pulse signal according to the sequence pulse test time interval;
according to the dynamic characteristics of the oil paper insulation, obtaining an equivalent resistance and an equivalent capacitance of the oil paper insulation, and determining a polarization voltage by a partial pressure equation under a polarity inversion electric field;
Loading a test pulse signal to generate a rapid test pulse, coupling the rapid test with a polarization voltage, and testing space charge of an oilpaper insulation sample under a polarity inversion electric field;
Triggering and collecting space charge waveform and polarization voltage amplitude at the rising edge moment of a test pulse signal in the polarity inversion process, and measuring and storing the values in real time;
And (3) applying different temperature fields to the oiled paper insulation sample under the polarity inversion electric field, and repeating the space charge test.
The step of determining the polarization voltage comprises the steps of establishing an oil paper insulation equivalent circuit based on an oil paper insulation structure model; based on the oilpaper insulating equivalent circuit, an equivalent resistor and an equivalent capacitor with a dielectric constant are obtained; calculating a partial pressure equation of the oil paper insulation under the polarity inversion electric field according to the obtained equivalent resistance and equivalent capacitance; and determining a polarity inversion polarization voltage expression according to the partial pressure equation.
In a specific embodiment, the starting time of the polarity inversion electric field corresponds to the first test pulse signal, and the oilpaper insulation sample is started to be excited to generate the charge acoustic wave signal.
The method for testing the oilpaper insulation charge under the polarity inversion electric field further comprises the step of carrying out summation and average treatment on the space charge waveform and the polarization voltage amplitude which are acquired through measurement, so as to obtain charge distribution corresponding to each time point in the polarization inversion process and the corresponding polarization voltage amplitude.
The beneficial effects are that: the invention solves the problem of real-time matching correspondence between space charge waveforms and polarized electric fields by designing the test pulse matching circuit, adjusts the time interval of the output sequence pulses by the test pulse matching circuit, takes an electroacoustic pulse method as a basic principle, realizes the measurement of charge waveforms at any plurality of time points in the polarity inversion process, solves the problem of quick measurement of charge waveforms in the inversion process, and ensures the real-time property of charge transient characteristic record; meanwhile, temperature data of the converter transformer in the actual operation process are simulated by using the temperature regulator, so that quick and accurate measurement of the charge dynamic characteristics in the oilpaper insulation polarity inversion process is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for testing the insulation charge of oilpaper in a polarity inversion electric field;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a system architecture according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a structural model of the oiled paper insulation of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the oiled paper insulation of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of matching of a test pulse to a polarity inversion polarization voltage;
FIG. 6 is a graph of oscilloscope measured data versus post-processing data;
Detailed Description
The following detailed description will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings of the preferred embodiments.
Examples
Referring to fig. 2, the oilpaper insulation charge test system under the polarity inversion electric field comprises a function generator, a polarization voltage power supply, a test pulse matching circuit, a high-voltage pulse power supply, a charge test unit, a temperature regulator and an oscilloscope, wherein the output end of the function generator is respectively connected with the test pulse matching circuit and the polarization voltage power supply; the output end of the test pulse matching circuit is connected with the input end of the high-voltage pulse power supply; the high-voltage pulse power supply output end and the polarized voltage power supply output end are respectively connected into a high-voltage electrode of the charge test unit through coupling of a capacitor and a resistor with matched values, and the charge test unit is provided with a grounding electrode which is grounded; the temperature regulator is connected with the charge testing unit and can apply an adjustable temperature field to the oilpaper insulation sample of the charge testing unit.
Meanwhile, an acquisition channel of the oscilloscope is respectively connected with the charge test unit, the test pulse matching circuit and the function generator.
Wherein the function generator (Function Generator) is an AFG31000 series arbitrary wave function generator, and is configured to generate a voltage output signal at a desired rise time by varying the rise time of the RC time constant control signal.
The test pulse matching circuit is formed by sequentially connecting a first pulse trigger circuit, a second pulse trigger circuit and a photoelectric isolator. The first pulse trigger circuit and the second pulse trigger circuit are formed by sequentially connecting a zero-crossing comparison circuit and a converter. The first pulse trigger circuit is used for generating a sequence pulse with a certain time interval delta t; the second pulse trigger circuit triggers and generates a plurality of test pulse signals with the same period according to any pulse signal of the sequence pulse; the photoelectric isolator is used for performing photoelectric isolation and electromagnetic interference shielding, and avoiding false triggering caused by electromagnetic interference signal serial-back test pulse matching circuit caused by high-voltage pulse power supply action. And the test pulse signal triggers a high-voltage pulse power switch through the photoelectric isolator, and finally outputs a rapid test pulse to be loaded to the charge test unit.
The high-voltage pulse power supply is used for loading a test pulse signal to generate a rapid test pulse, and the homopolar reversal polarization voltage is accurately matched.
The polarized voltage power supply comprises a power amplifier which can receive a voltage output signal of the function generator and amplify power to generate a polarity inversion planning voltage.
The high-voltage electrode of the charge test unit is applied with rapid test pulse and polarity reversal polarization voltage, and the test pulse is utilized to excite oilpaper insulation to generate charge sound wave signals.
The oscilloscope adopts a force HD06054 oscilloscope, adopts a sequential sampling function, takes the rising edge of a sequence pulse as a trigger signal to collect, and the channel of the oscilloscope respectively collects space charge signals and voltage output signals at the moment; meanwhile, the sequential sampling storage depth of the oscilloscope is set to be more than or equal to the number of test pulse signals in the polarity inversion time, and the space charge waveform and the corresponding polarization voltage amplitude in the polarity inversion process can be stored.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the method for testing the insulation charge of the oiled paper under the polarity inversion electric field according to the present application comprises the following steps:
(1) Determining the number of time points needing to be subjected to charge distribution analysis in polarity inversion time, and calculating the time interval delta t of the sequence pulse according to the polarity inversion time of the polarization voltage;
Given a given Is the inversion time interval,/>The positive real number set, H is a positive integer level, determines the number of time points in the polarity inversion time, for example, T pr =60 s, and if the charge distribution of 7 time points needs to be analyzed, and all the time points divide the whole polarity inversion time evenly, the test time interval Δt=10s can be calculated.
(2) Based on the electroacoustic pulse method principle, determining the pulse period and the pulse number of any pulse signal trigger test pulse signal according to the sequence pulse test time interval;
According to the electroacoustic pulse method principle, each rising edge of the test pulse can excite the charge acoustic wave signal at the moment, so that the rising edge of the sequence pulse is used as a trigger signal of the oscilloscope to trigger the oscilloscope to collect the space charge signal at the moment, and the collection of the time point charge signal in the inversion time interval T pr can be realized.
The noise error can be effectively eliminated by setting and averaging 100 groups of charge data within 0.5s, so that each pulse in the sequence pulse is triggered within 0.5s to generate 100 test pulse signals by adopting a second set of pulse triggering circuits.
(3) According to the dynamic characteristics of the oil paper insulation, obtaining an equivalent resistance and an equivalent capacitance of the oil paper insulation, and determining a polarization voltage by a partial pressure equation under a polarity inversion electric field;
As shown in fig. 3-4, an equivalent circuit of oilpaper insulation is established based on an oilpaper insulation structure model, and meanwhile, given that the thicknesses of transformer oil and insulation paper board are d 1 and d 2 respectively, the dielectric constants of the transformer oil and the insulation paper board are epsilon 1 and epsilon 2 respectively, and the resistance values of the transformer oil and the insulation paper board are r 1 and r 2 respectively.
Based on the oil paper insulating equivalent circuit, the following equivalent resistance R 1、R2 and the equivalent capacitance C 1、C2 with dielectric constant are obtained, wherein the equivalent capacitances of the transformer oil and the insulating paper board respectively form the following equations:
C1＝ε1d1,C2＝ε2d2。
the equivalent resistances of the transformer oil and the insulating paper board are R 1＝r1,R2＝r2 respectively.
According to the obtained equivalent capacitance and equivalent resistance, partial pressures E 1 (t) and E 2 (t) of transformer oil and insulating paper board under the polarity reversal electric field are calculated, and the calculation equation is as follows:
determining a polarity reversal polarization voltage expression according to partial pressure equations of transformer oil and insulating paper boards:
(4) Loading a test pulse signal to generate a rapid test pulse, coupling the rapid test with a polarization voltage, and testing space charge of an oilpaper insulation sample under a polarity inversion electric field;
The function generator generates a polarized voltage output signal by changing the rising edge time of the RC time constant control signal, and loads the output signal to the polarized voltage power supply; meanwhile, after the voltage output signals are collected by the test pulse matching circuit, a sequence pulse with the interval delta t is output through the first set of pulse triggering circuits, each pulse in the sequence triggers the second set of pulse triggering circuits to generate 100 test pulse signals with the period of 0.005s, and finally the test pulse signals are loaded to a high-voltage pulse power supply through the photoelectric isolator; the high-voltage pulse power supply generates a rapid test pulse with corresponding frequency; the polarization voltage power supply receives an output signal of the function generator and generates polarity reversal polarization voltage through amplification of an internal power amplifier; the charge test unit receives rapid test pulse and polarity reversal polarization voltage, and the rapid test pulse and the polarity reversal polarization voltage are respectively applied to a high-voltage electrode of the charge test unit through capacitance and resistance coupling with matched values to generate a polarization reversal electric field, the polarization electric field reversal starting time corresponds to a first test pulse signal, and a sample is started to be excited to generate a charge sound wave signal.
(5) Triggering and collecting space charge waveform and polarization voltage amplitude at the rising edge moment of a test pulse signal in the polarity inversion process, and measuring and storing the values in real time;
The test pulse matching circuit outputs a signal, namely, the rising edge of the test pulse signal triggers the oscilloscope to collect the space charge waveform at the moment, and simultaneously triggers the oscilloscope to collect the polarized voltage amplitude at the moment, so that the space charge waveform and the corresponding polarized voltage amplitude are continuously measured and stored in real time at the moment in the polarity inversion process.
(6) Applying different temperature fields to the oilpaper insulation sample under the polarity inversion electric field, and repeatedly performing space charge test;
And (3) performing temperature control on the oilpaper insulation sample in the charge test unit through a temperature regulator, regulating different temperature values to enable the oilpaper insulation sample to be in different temperature fields, simulating temperature data of a converter transformer in the actual operation process, and repeating the steps one to five based on the different temperature values to obtain space charge signals of the oilpaper insulation sample at various time points at different temperatures.
(7) And denoising the acquired signals to obtain effective values.
And setting and measuring 100 groups of charge data according to each test time interval to average to obtain an effective value, and simultaneously, effectively eliminating noise errors. And carrying out summation and average treatment on the acquired space charge waveform and the polarization voltage amplitude by adopting Matlab software, so as to obtain the charge distribution and the corresponding polarization voltage amplitude corresponding to each time point in the inversion process.
As shown in fig. 5, the prior art and the present invention are related to a matching trigger diagram of a test pulse and a polarity inversion voltage in the inversion process, wherein the former is a matching trigger diagram of a test pulse and a polarity voltage in the prior art, only changes of charge distribution under a dc electric field before and after the polarity inversion are realized, and dynamic characteristics of gradual changes of charges in the polarity inversion process are not clear; the test pulse matching circuit is designed to realize the matching of the test pulse and the polarity inversion voltage in the inversion process, and simultaneously realize the measurement of space charge waveforms at any multiple time points in the polarity inversion process.
Referring to fig. 6, the inversion time is 30s, the measured data before and after the charge test process is analyzed when the number of time points of the charge distribution is 60, the upper image is the polarization voltage signal and the charge signal which are measured by 6000 rapid pulse triggers before the process, and only the polarization voltage amplitude and the upper and lower limit information of the charge signal at the moment can be read in the image; after the average processing of every 100 waveforms, polarization voltage and charge signal images of every 0.5 second time point below are obtained, and each image can read the polarization voltage amplitude at the time and the charge distribution information in the sample.
It should be noted that the exemplary embodiments mentioned in this disclosure describe some methods or systems based on a series of steps or devices. The present invention is not limited to the order of the above-described steps, that is, the steps may be performed in the order mentioned in the embodiments, or may be performed in a different order from the order in the embodiments, or several steps may be performed simultaneously.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any changes or modifications within the scope of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A system for testing the insulation charge of oilpaper in a polarity inversion electric field, the system comprising:
function generator: changing the rising edge time of the RC time constant control signal through an arbitrary waveform generator, and generating a voltage output signal with the required rising edge time;
Test pulse matching circuit: generating a sequence pulse with a time interval delta t according to the rising edge time of the signal, wherein any pulse signal trigger of the sequence pulse generates a plurality of test pulse signals with the same period, and the test pulse signals are used for triggering a high-voltage pulse power supply;
High voltage pulse power: the method is used for loading test pulse signals to generate quick test pulses, and homopolar reversal polarization voltages are subjected to accurate matching;
Polarization voltage power supply: for receiving the voltage output signal and generating a polarity-reversal polarization voltage;
A charge test unit: applying a test pulse to an oil paper insulation sample under a polarity reversal polarization electric field to excite the oil paper insulation to generate a charge acoustic wave signal;
Temperature regulator: an adjustable temperature field is applied to the oilpaper insulation sample under the polarity-reversal polarization electric field;
oscilloscopes: the device is used for collecting the space charge signals and the synchronous signals of the polarization voltage and storing the space charge waveforms and the corresponding polarization voltage amplitudes in the polarity inversion process.
2. The system for testing the insulation charge of the oilpaper under the polarity inversion electric field according to claim 1, wherein the test pulse matching circuit is formed by sequentially connecting a first pulse trigger circuit, a second pulse trigger circuit and a photoelectric isolator; the first pulse trigger circuit is used for generating a sequence pulse with a certain time interval delta t; the second pulse trigger circuit triggers and generates a plurality of test pulse signals with the same period according to any pulse signal of the sequence pulse; the photoelectric isolator is used for photoelectric isolation and electromagnetic interference shielding.
3. The polarity inversion electric field oilpaper insulation charge testing system according to claim 1, wherein the polarization voltage power supply comprises a power amplifier for receiving and amplifying a voltage output signal of the function generator.
4. The oilpaper insulation charge test system under a polarity inversion electric field according to claim 1, wherein the charge test unit applies a rapid test pulse and a polarity inversion polarization voltage, and a high voltage electrode applied to the charge test unit is coupled by a capacitor and a resistor matched in value.
5. The system for testing the insulation charge of the oilpaper under the polarity inversion electric field according to claim 4, wherein the charge testing unit is further provided with a grounding electrode, and the grounding electrode is grounded.
6. The system for testing the insulation charge of the oilpaper under the polarity inversion electric field according to claim 1, wherein the oscilloscope adopts a sequential sampling function, the rising edge of the sequential pulse is used as a trigger signal for collection, and meanwhile, the sequential sampling storage depth of the oscilloscope is set to be more than or equal to the number of test pulse signals in the polarity inversion time.
7. The method for testing the insulation charge of the oilpaper under the polarity inversion electric field is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
Determining the number of time points needing to be subjected to charge distribution analysis in polarity inversion time, and calculating the time interval delta t of the sequence pulse according to the polarity inversion time of the polarization voltage;
Based on the electroacoustic pulse method principle, determining the pulse period and the pulse number of any pulse signal trigger test pulse signal according to the sequence pulse test time interval;
according to the dynamic characteristics of the oil paper insulation, obtaining an equivalent resistance and an equivalent capacitance of the oil paper insulation, and determining a polarization voltage by a partial pressure equation under a polarity inversion electric field;
Loading a test pulse signal to generate a rapid test pulse, coupling the rapid test with a polarization voltage, and testing space charge of an oilpaper insulation sample under a polarity inversion electric field;
Triggering and collecting space charge waveform and polarization voltage amplitude at the rising edge moment of a test pulse signal in the polarity inversion process, and measuring and storing the values in real time;
And (3) applying different temperature fields to the oiled paper insulation sample under the polarity inversion electric field, and repeating the space charge test.
8. The method for testing the insulation charge of the oilpaper under the polarity inversion electric field according to claim 7, wherein the determining the polarization voltage comprises establishing an oilpaper insulation equivalent circuit based on an oilpaper insulation structure model; based on the oilpaper insulating equivalent circuit, an equivalent resistor and an equivalent capacitor with a dielectric constant are obtained; calculating a partial pressure equation of the oil paper insulation under the polarity inversion electric field according to the obtained equivalent resistance and equivalent capacitance; and determining a polarity inversion polarization voltage expression according to the partial pressure equation.
9. The method for testing the insulation charge of the oiled paper under the polarity inversion electric field according to claim 7, wherein the starting time of the polarity inversion electric field corresponds to the first test pulse signal, and the excitation of the oiled paper insulation sample is started to generate the charge acoustic wave signal.
10. The method for testing the insulation charge of the oilpaper under the polarity inversion electric field according to claim 7, further comprising the step of carrying out summation and average treatment on the space charge waveform and the polarization voltage amplitude acquired by measurement to obtain the charge distribution and the corresponding polarization voltage amplitude corresponding to each time point in the polarization inversion process.
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