CN118111775A - Well cementation spacer fluid rock core filter cake cleaning efficiency evaluation device - Google Patents
Well cementation spacer fluid rock core filter cake cleaning efficiency evaluation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN118111775A CN118111775A CN202211511930.4A CN202211511930A CN118111775A CN 118111775 A CN118111775 A CN 118111775A CN 202211511930 A CN202211511930 A CN 202211511930A CN 118111775 A CN118111775 A CN 118111775A
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- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 132
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a well cementation spacer fluid core filter cake cleaning efficiency evaluation device which comprises a high-temperature high-pressure kettle, a driving unit, a heating unit, a pressurizing unit, a liquid pumping and recycling unit, a mechanical data acquisition unit and a control unit, wherein the driving unit is used for driving the high-temperature high-pressure kettle to perform well cementation; the device adopts conduction oil as heating carrier and pressurization carrier, realizes the simulation of high temperature high pressure environment in the pit, and experimental result is directly perceived accurate, gathers the intensity variation around the filter cake washs through mechanical probe, directly perceived characterization and obtains the result data of filter cake washing efficiency, can simulate out the same or the cleaning efficiency of different spacer fluid washing filter cakes under the condition that different temperature, different pressure, different oil-based drilling fluids formed the filter cake to can scientifically characterize spacer fluid rock core filter cake cleaning degree through data curve, the contrast is strong, and test process is simple swift, instrument washs conveniently, accurately obtains spacer fluid or the cleaning efficiency of flushing fluid to rock core filter cake.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas field well cementation, in particular to a well cementation spacer fluid core filter cake cleaning efficiency evaluation device.
Background
Along with the change of global energy patterns, unconventional shale gas is developed on a large scale, and in order to obtain more oil and gas resources, high-temperature high-pressure deep wells and large-displacement horizontal wells are also rapidly increased. However, in the drilling process, due to poor stability of the reservoir walls of shale and salt paste layers, complex conditions such as drill sticking, collapse and block dropping, increased well diameter, irregular well diameter and the like are extremely easy to cause after liquid phase invasion, and great influence is brought to subsequent drilling, exploitation and the like. To solve the above problems, oil-based drilling fluids are widely used. However, the oil-based drilling fluid has high viscosity and strong adhesive force, and a filter cake formed on the surface of a well wall is a non-curable layer (mud-shaped, and solidification and coagulation cannot occur due to hydration reaction) in the well cementation process of the oil-based drilling fluid.
The well cementation cement paste is a hydrophilic cementing material, cannot be in direct contact with the well wall and generates the phenomenon of incompatibility of oil and water, so that the cementing strength of a second interface (a cement sheath and a stratum) cannot meet the requirement (L.Han,S.Hicking,J.Twycross.Design Considerations and Qualification Testing of High Density Oil-Based Screen Running Fluids for an HPHT Gas Development[A].SPE International Symposium and Exhibition on Formation Damage Control[C],2014). for interlayer sealing, the cement paste cannot be well cemented with the well wall, and the well cementation quality of the oil-based drilling fluid is seriously influenced.
In the current engineering, a flushing fluid or an isolating fluid is generally used for flushing a filter cake, and an indoor research method usually only uses a six-speed rotating instrument to perform macroscopic observation to characterize the flushing degree, so that a series of problems of large error, incapability of accurately simulating underground conditions, unscientific characterization means and the like exist. Therefore, developing an evaluation device capable of scientifically evaluating the cleaning degree of the core filter cake of the spacer fluid, and making scientific characterization of the cleaning degree of the core filter cake by the spacer fluid (flushing fluid) in a laboratory becomes urgent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a well cementation spacer fluid core filter cake cleaning efficiency evaluation device which can effectively simulate the high-temperature and high-pressure environment under well cementation, simulate and test the degree of cleaning of a core filter cake by spacer fluid (flushing fluid) after different oil-based drilling fluids form filter cakes with different strengths under different temperatures and pressures.
For this purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
The well cementation spacer fluid core filter cake cleaning efficiency evaluation device comprises a high-temperature high-pressure kettle, a driving unit, a heating unit, a pressurizing unit, a liquid pumping and recycling unit and a mechanical data acquisition unit; the inner cavity of the high-temperature high-pressure kettle is divided into an upper cavity and a lower cavity by a baffle plate; wherein,
The driving unit comprises a core fixing tray, a ball bearing and a variable frequency motor; the core fixing tray consists of a horizontally arranged tray body and a rotating shaft vertically fixed at the center of the bottom surface of the tray body; the disc body is arranged at the bottom of the upper cavity in the middle, and the rotating shaft is penetrated through the ball bearing and is rotatably fixed in the central through hole of the partition board; the variable frequency motor is centrally fixed in the lower cavity in a mode that an output shaft of the variable frequency motor is vertically upwards, and the shaft end of the output shaft of the variable frequency motor is connected with the bottom end of the rotating shaft through a coupler;
The heating unit comprises a heating controller, two heating pipes, a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor; the heating controller is fixed in the lower cavity, and the two electric heating pipes are symmetrically arranged in the upper cavity; the electric heating pipe is composed of a heat conducting pipe, an electric heating wire and heat conducting oil; the heat conducting pipe is a pipe body with two closed ends, and one end of the heat conducting pipe penetrates through and is fixed in the jack on the partition board in a sealing way; the electric heating wires are inserted and distributed in the whole heat conducting pipe, and one end of the electric heating wires extends out of the heat conducting pipe and is electrically connected with the heating controller; the heat conduction oil is filled in the inner cavity of the heat conduction pipe; the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor are symmetrically and hermetically inserted into the side wall opening of the upper chamber of the high-temperature high-pressure kettle, so that the detection ends of the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor are positioned in the upper chamber;
The pressurizing unit comprises an oil injection pipe, a pressure relief valve, a pressurizing safety valve, a first pressurizing pump, an air compressor, a first pressure sensor and a second pressure sensor; one end of the oil filler pipe is communicated with the top side of the upper cavity of the high-temperature high-pressure kettle, and the pressurizing safety valve is arranged on the oil filler pipe and is close to one side of the high-temperature high-pressure kettle; an oil drain pipe communicated with the upper cavity of the high-temperature high-pressure kettle is further arranged on the adjacent side of the oil injection pipe, and a pressure release valve is arranged on the oil drain pipe; the inlet end of the first booster pump is communicated with the air compressor through a pipeline, and the outlet end of the first booster pump is communicated with the other end of the oil injection pipe; the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor are symmetrically and hermetically inserted into the side wall opening of the upper chamber of the high-temperature high-pressure kettle, so that the detection ends of the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor are positioned in the upper chamber;
The liquid pumping and recycling unit comprises a second booster pump, a liquid storage tank, a liquid reflux tank, a liquid pumping safety valve, a liquid pumping control valve and a liquid reflux valve; the top of the liquid storage tank is provided with a liquid inlet port, and the bottom side of the liquid storage tank is provided with a liquid outlet port and a pressurizing port; the liquid outlet port of the liquid storage tank is communicated with the bottom side of the upper chamber through a pipeline, and the liquid pumping control valve is arranged on the pipeline and is close to one side of the high-temperature high-pressure kettle; the outlet end of the second booster pump is communicated with the pressurized port of the liquid storage tank through a pipeline, the inlet end of the second booster pump is communicated with the air compressor through a pipeline, and the liquid pumping safety valve is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the second booster pump and the air compressor; the liquid reflux tank is arranged below the liquid storage tank, and a liquid inlet port of the liquid reflux tank is communicated to a liquid inlet pipe positioned between the high-temperature high-pressure kettle and the liquid pumping control valve through a reflux pipe; the liquid reflux valve is arranged on the reflux pipe;
The mechanical data acquisition unit comprises a pneumatic hydraulic telescopic rod, a hydraulic sensor, an air compression pump and a mechanical sensor; the pneumatic hydraulic telescopic rod is sealed and inserted into the side wall opening of the high-pressure reaction kettle in a mode that the telescopic rod is horizontally arranged in the upper cavity; the mechanical sensor is fixed at the rod end of the telescopic rod, and the hydraulic sensor is fixed on the pneumatic hydraulic telescopic rod in a manner that the detection end of the hydraulic sensor is inserted into the hydraulic cavity; the air compression pump is communicated with a pneumatic cavity port of the pneumatic hydraulic telescopic rod.
Further, the high-temperature high-pressure kettle consists of a kettle cover, a kettle body and two high-strength bolts; the kettle body is a cylinder with an opening at the top end, the kettle cover is arranged at the opening at the top end of the kettle body, and an annular sealing ring is arranged on the contact surface of the kettle cover and the kettle body, so that the upper cavity of the kettle body forms a sealed and closed cavity when in use; two high strength bolts are symmetrically arranged at the edge of the kettle cover in a penetrating way, and two bolt holes are symmetrically formed in the top surface of the top end of the kettle body, so that the kettle cover and the kettle body are detachably connected and fixed into a whole through the two high strength bolts.
Further, a groove for internally arranging a core sample is formed in the middle of the top surface of the tray body of the core fixing tray, a screw hole penetrating through the groove is horizontally formed in the side wall of one side of the tray body, and the tray bayonet lock is inserted into the screw hole and is in threaded connection with the screw hole, so that the core sample is fixed on the tray body in a mode that the tail end of the tray bayonet lock is tightly abutted against the core sample.
Further, the heat conducting pipe is an inverted U-shaped pipe body, and the electric heating wire is spirally inserted and arranged in the inner cavity of the inverted U-shaped pipe body.
Further, a barometer is provided on the gas line.
Further, the well cementation spacer fluid core filter cake cleaning efficiency evaluation device also comprises a control unit; the control unit comprises a PLC controller, an operation panel and an upper computer which are respectively connected with the PLC controller; the PLC is respectively connected with the first temperature sensor, the first pressure sensor, the second temperature sensor, the hydraulic sensor and the mechanical sensor to acquire acquisition data of the sensors; the PLC controller is also respectively connected with a pressure relief valve, a pressure boosting safety valve, a first booster pump, an air compressor, a liquid pumping safety valve, a liquid pumping control valve, a liquid reflux valve, a variable frequency motor, a heating controller and an air compression pump so as to control the working state of the PLC controller.
Compared with the prior art, the well cementation spacer fluid core filter cake cleaning efficiency evaluation device has the beneficial effects that:
1) The device adopts heat conduction oil as a heating carrier and a pressurizing carrier to realize the simulation of the underground high-temperature and high-pressure environment, so that the highest experimental temperature can reach 250 ℃ and the highest experimental pressure can reach 200MPa;
2) The experimental result obtained by the device is visual and accurate, the strength change before and after the filter cake is cleaned is collected through a mechanical probe, and the visual representation is performed and the result data of the filter cake flushing efficiency is obtained;
3) The device has strong contrast in simulation experiments, can simulate the cleaning efficiency of the same or different spacer fluid to clean the filter cakes under the conditions of different temperatures, different pressures and different oil-based drilling fluids to form the filter cakes, and can scientifically characterize the cleaning degree of the filter cakes of the spacer fluid core through a data curve;
In conclusion, the device principle is reliable, the structure is reasonable, the testing process is simple and quick, the instrument is convenient to clean, the environment of high temperature and high pressure underground during well cementation can be simulated, and after filter cakes with different strengths are formed by different oil-based drilling fluids under different temperatures and pressures in a simulation test, the degree of cleaning of the core filter cakes by the spacer fluid or the flushing fluid can be simulated.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a well cementation spacer fluid core filter cake cleaning efficiency evaluation device.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples, which are in no way limiting.
As shown in fig. 1, the well cementation spacer fluid core filter cake cleaning efficiency evaluation device comprises a high-temperature high-pressure kettle, a driving unit, a heating unit, a pressurizing unit, a liquid pumping and recycling unit, a mechanical data acquisition unit and a control unit; wherein,
The high-temperature high-pressure kettle consists of a kettle cover 21, a kettle body 24 and two high-strength bolts 22; specifically, the kettle body 24 is a vertical rectangular cylinder with an opening at the top end, and is made of high temperature and high pressure resistant materials; the inner cavity of the kettle body 24 is divided into an upper cavity and a lower cavity by a baffle plate which is horizontally arranged and fixed on the inner wall of the kettle body 24, wherein the upper cavity is used as a testing cavity, and the lower cavity is used as a mounting cavity; a pressurizing port and a pressure releasing port which are communicated with the upper cavity are respectively arranged on the side wall of the top end of the kettle body 24; two symmetrically arranged pressure sensor mounting holes, a pneumatic hydraulic telescopic rod mounting hole and two symmetrically arranged degree sensor mounting holes which are communicated with the upper cavity are formed in the middle of the kettle body 24 at intervals from top to bottom; a liquid inlet is arranged on the side wall of the kettle body close to the bottom of the upper chamber; the kettle cover 21 is arranged at the top end opening of the kettle body 24 in a covering way, and an annular sealing ring is arranged on the contact surface of the kettle cover 21 and the high-temperature high-pressure kettle body 24 so as to seal and block the top end opening of the kettle body 24; in order to make the kettle cover 21 and the kettle body 24 be detachably and fixedly connected as a whole, two bolt holes penetrating through to the end face of the top end of the kettle body 24 are axially formed in the top surface of the kettle cover 21, and are symmetrically arranged, and the kettle cover 21 and the kettle body 24 are detachably and fixedly connected through two high-strength bolts 22 respectively inserted into the two bolt holes.
The driving unit comprises a core fixing tray 15, a ball bearing 17, a variable frequency motor 18 and a tray bayonet 19; specifically, the core fixing tray 15 is centrally arranged at the bottom of the upper cavity of the kettle body, and consists of a horizontally arranged tray body and a rotating shaft vertically fixed at the center of the bottom surface of the tray body; a groove for internally arranging the core sample 1 is formed in the center of the top surface of the tray body, a screw hole penetrating through the groove is horizontally formed in the side wall of one side of the tray body, and a tray bayonet lock 19 is inserted into and in threaded connection with the screw hole so as to fix the core on the tray body in a mode that the tail end of the tray bayonet lock abuts against the side wall of the core sample 1; the ball bearing 17 is sleeved and fixed on the outer side of the rotating shaft; correspondingly, a central through hole is formed in the partition plate in the kettle body, so that the ball bearing 17 is fixed in the central through hole in a sealing way, and the bottom end of the rotating shaft is positioned in the lower cavity of the kettle body; the variable frequency motor 18 is centrally fixed in the lower cavity of the kettle body 24 through a motor fixing frame in a way that the output shaft of the variable frequency motor 18 is vertically upwards, and the output shaft of the variable frequency motor 18 is connected with a rotating shaft through a coupler, so that the core fixing tray 15 rotates at a set rotating speed under the drive of the variable frequency motor 18;
The heating unit comprises a heating controller 20 and two electric heating pipes 16, a first temperature sensor 9 and a second temperature sensor 29; specifically, the heating controller 20 is fixed in the lower chamber of the kettle body 24; the two electric heating pipes 16 are symmetrically arranged in the upper cavity of the kettle body 24, and each electric heating pipe 16 is composed of an inverted U-shaped heat conducting pipe, an electric heating wire and heat conducting oil; the inverted U-shaped heat conduction pipe is a pipe body with two closed ends, one end of the pipe body is propped against the partition board, and the other end of the pipe body penetrates through and is fixed in the jack on the partition board in a sealing way; the electric heating wires are spirally inserted and distributed in the whole tube body, and one end of each electric heating wire extends out of the tube body and is electrically connected with the heating controller 20; to control the energization heating state and energization heating period of the heating pipe 16 by the heating controller 20; the inner cavity of the inverted U-shaped pipe body is filled with heat conduction oil, so that the heat conduction pipe takes the heat conduction oil as a medium, and the whole pipe body is heated through the heating of the electric heating wire, so that the heating area is increased; a heat-resistant sealing ring is arranged between the end part of the electric heating pipe 16 and the jack on the partition plate, so that the electric heating pipe 16 is sealed and fixed on the partition plate; the first temperature sensor 9 and the second temperature sensor 29 are respectively fixed in two temperature sensor mounting holes of the kettle body 24, so that the detection ends of the two sensors are positioned in the inner cavity of the kettle body 24 to collect the temperature in the upper cavity of the kettle body; in order to ensure the tightness of the kettle body 24, sealing rings are arranged between each temperature sensor and the wall of the mounting hole of the kettle body 24;
The pressurizing unit comprises an oil filling pipe, a pressure relief valve 3, a pressurizing safety valve 4, a first pressurizing pump 5, an air compressor 6, a first pressure sensor 10 and a second pressure sensor 25; wherein, the pressure relief port of the kettle body 24 is connected with a pressure relief pipe, and the pressure relief valve 3 is arranged on the pressure relief pipe; the pressurizing port of the kettle body 24 is connected with a filler pipe, and the pressurizing safety valve 4 is arranged on the filler pipe near one side of the high-temperature high-pressure kettle; the inlet end of the first booster pump 5 is communicated with the air compressor 6 through a pipeline, and the outlet end of the first booster pump is communicated with the other end of the oil injection pipe; the first pressure sensor 10 and the second pressure sensor 25 are respectively fixed in two pressure sensor mounting holes of the kettle body 24, so that the detection ends of the two sensors are positioned in the inner cavity of the kettle body 24 to collect the pressure in the upper cavity of the kettle body; in order to ensure the tightness of the kettle body 24, sealing rings are arranged between each pressure sensor and the wall of the mounting hole of the kettle body 24; wherein, the pressure release valve 3 and the pressure boost safety valve 4 are all electric control valves; the oil filler pipe is provided with an oil filler hole for injecting heat conduction oil into the oil filler pipe in advance, the length of the oil filler pipe is adapted to the oil quantity required for pressurizing, so that the heat conduction oil is injected into the kettle body when the oil filler pipe is used, the volume of the inner cavity of the kettle body is compressed by utilizing a mode of incompatibility of water and oil, and the purpose of pressurizing is further achieved.
In the practical application process of the pressurizing unit, the heat conduction oil with enough oil quantity is pre-filled in the oil injection pipe, and under the action of the air compressor 6, the first booster pump 5 pumps high-pressure gas into the oil injection pipe, so that the heat conduction oil in the oil injection pipe is injected into the kettle body through a pressurizing port formed in the kettle body, the pressurizing of the inside of the kettle body is realized, and the high-pressure environment of drilling fluid or isolation fluid under a stratum is simulated; the first pressure sensor 10 and the second pressure sensor 25 can collect the pressure change in the kettle body in real time to control the pressurizing mode in the kettle body, so that the pressure in the kettle body is maintained in the test set range. In the application, the pressurizing mode of injecting the heat conduction oil into the kettle body is as follows: 1) The effect of simply pumping in the high-pressure air is poor, the speed is low, and the rapid pressurization can be realized by using a mode of incompatibility of water and oil; 2) In the post-treatment process, after the water-oil mixture of the kettle body is uniformly collected, liquid and heat conduction oil can be rapidly separated through an oil-water separator in a laboratory, so that the recovery and recycling of the heat conduction oil are realized.
The liquid pumping and recovery unit includes a second booster pump 8, a liquid storage tank 11, a liquid return tank 14, a liquid pumping-in relief valve 7, a liquid pumping-in control valve 12, and a liquid return valve 13; the liquid storage tank 11 is arranged on the adjacent side of the liquid inlet on the kettle body 24, the top of the liquid storage tank is provided with a liquid adding port, the bottom of the liquid storage tank is respectively provided with a liquid outlet and a pressurizing port, and the liquid outlet and the pressurizing ports are positioned on the opposite side wall surfaces of the liquid storage tank 11; a liquid inlet pipe is connected to the liquid inlet hole of the kettle body 24, the other end of the liquid inlet pipe is connected with and communicated with the liquid outlet port of the liquid storage tank 11, and a liquid pumping control valve 12 is arranged on the liquid inlet pipe to control the opening and closing state of the liquid inlet pipe; the pressurizing port of the liquid storage tank 11 is connected with the outlet end of the second booster pump 8 through a pipeline and is communicated with the other port of the air compressor 6 through a pipeline, and the liquid pumping safety valve 7 is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the second booster pump 8 and the air compressor 6; the liquid adding port of the liquid storage tank 11 is connected with the liquid preparation tank through an external conveying pipeline and communicated with the liquid preparation tank so as to add liquid into the liquid storage tank 11 according to the requirement; the liquid reflux tank 14 is arranged below the liquid storage tank 11, and a liquid inlet at the top of the liquid reflux tank is connected with a liquid inlet pipe positioned between a liquid inlet hole on the kettle body 24 and the liquid pumping control valve 12 through a reflux pipe and communicated with the liquid inlet pipe; a liquid return valve 13 is provided on the return pipe to control the open-closed state of the liquid inlet pipe; in the present embodiment, the liquid pumping-in relief valve 7, the liquid pumping-in control valve 12 and the liquid return valve 13 are all electric control valves;
In the practical application process of the liquid pumping unit, the air compressor 6 can also simultaneously or independently provide high-pressure gas for the second booster pump 8; under the action of the air compressor 6, the second booster pump 8 pumps high-pressure gas to the liquid storage tank 11 through a pipeline, so that the liquid in the liquid storage tank 11 is pumped into the kettle body through the liquid inlet pipe under the pressure action; when new liquid is required to be pumped into the kettle body, the second booster pump 8 is closed, and the liquid pumping control valve 12 and the liquid reflux valve 13 are opened, so that the oil-water mixed liquid in the kettle body and the liquid storage tank 11 flows into the liquid reflux tank 14 under the action of gravity for collection; subsequently, new liquid is pumped into the tank by adding new liquid to the liquid storage tank 11 and repeating the above-described pumping-in process.
The mechanical data acquisition unit comprises a pneumatic hydraulic telescopic rod 26, a hydraulic sensor, a barometer 27, an air compression pump 28 and a mechanical sensor 30; the pneumatic hydraulic telescopic rod 26 is fixed in the pneumatic hydraulic telescopic rod mounting hole in a mode that the telescopic rod is horizontally arranged in the upper cavity of the kettle body 24, and the mechanical sensor 30 is fixed at the rod end of the telescopic rod so as to be propped against the outer wall of the rock sample by extending to the detection end of the mechanical sensor 30 along the horizontal direction; the hydraulic sensor is fixed on the pneumatic hydraulic telescopic rod 26 in a manner that the detection end of the hydraulic sensor is inserted into the hydraulic chamber so as to collect the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic chamber in real time; the air compression pump 28 is communicated with a pneumatic cavity port of the pneumatic hydraulic telescopic rod 26 through a gas transmission pipeline so as to drive the hydraulic cavity to shrink in volume through compressed air and further drive the telescopic rod to stretch; a barometer 27 is provided on the gas line to monitor the pressure of the gas in the gas line.
The control unit consists of a PLC controller, an operation panel 31 and an upper computer 32; the PLC is respectively connected with the first temperature sensor 9, the first pressure sensor 10, the second pressure sensor 25, the second temperature sensor 29, the hydraulic sensor and the mechanical sensor 30 to acquire data acquired by the corresponding sensors; meanwhile, the PLC is respectively connected with the pressure release valve 3, the pressure boost safety valve 4, the first booster pump 5, the air compressor 6, the liquid pumping safety valve 7, the liquid pumping control valve 12, the liquid reflux valve 13, the variable frequency motor 18, the heating controller 20 and the air compression pump 28 so as to control the working state of the PLC; the operation panel 31 is connected with the PLC controller to manually control and adjust the operation states of the respective components; the upper computer 32 is connected with the PLC controller to monitor the operation state of each unit, and performs subsequent analysis by acquiring data collected by the PLC controller, thereby obtaining a cleaning efficiency evaluation result.
The specific working process for testing the cleaning efficiency of the core filter cake by using the device to test the isolation liquid is as follows:
S1, forming a core filter cake of the oil-based drilling fluid:
When an experiment starts, the pressure release valve 3, the pressure boosting safety valve 4 and the reflux valve 13 are closed, the experiment pressure and temperature are set, a core sample is put into a set position shown in fig. 1, the core sample is clamped by the tray clamping pin 19, sliding is prevented, and the kettle cover is installed; adding a preset drilling fluid into a liquid storage tank 11, opening a liquid pumping safety valve 7 and a liquid pumping control valve 12, starting an air compressor 6, and pumping the drilling fluid into a kettle body 24; after the drilling fluid pumping is completed, the liquid pumping control valve 12 and the liquid pumping safety valve 7 are closed, the pressurizing safety valve 4 is opened to inject heat conduction oil into the kettle body 24 for pressurizing, the heating controller 20 is started to heat the kettle body 24, and the variable frequency motor 18 is opened to fully mix the core and the drilling fluid to form a core filter cake;
Turning on an air compressor 28, controlling a pneumatic hydraulic telescopic rod 26 to push a mechanical sensor 30 to a core filter cake, and testing the strength of the core filter cake; after the test is completed, the air compressor 28 is turned off, and the pneumatic hydraulic telescopic rod 26 is controlled to return the mechanical sensor 30 to an initial state;
closing the pressurizing safety valve 4, opening the pressure relief valve 3 to slowly relieve pressure, and closing the pressure relief valve 3 after the pressure is relieved to 1MPa by the pressure sensor; opening a reflux valve 13, using residual pressure to reflux drilling fluid and heat conducting oil into a liquid reflux tank 14, closing the reflux valve 13 after the reflux is finished, opening a pressure relief valve 3, and relieving the pressure in the kettle body until no pressure exists;
S2, cleaning a rock core filter cake by using a spacer fluid:
Closing the pressure relief valve 3, adding preset isolation liquid into the liquid storage tank 11, opening the liquid pumping safety valve 7 and the liquid pumping control valve 12, starting the air compressor 6, and pumping the isolation liquid into the kettle body 24; after the isolation liquid pumping is finished, closing the liquid pumping control valve 12 and the liquid pumping safety valve 7, opening the pressurizing safety valve 4 to inject heat conduction oil into the kettle body 24 for pressurizing, simultaneously starting the heating controller 20 to heat the kettle body 24, and simultaneously opening the variable frequency motor 18 to enable the isolation liquid to fully clean the core filter cake;
After cleaning, the air compressor 28 is turned on, the pneumatic hydraulic telescopic rod 26 is controlled to push the mechanical sensor 30 to the position of the core filter cake, and the strength of the core filter cake is tested; after the test is completed, the air compressor 28 is turned off, and the pneumatic hydraulic telescopic rod 26 is controlled to return the mechanical sensor 30 to an initial state;
Closing the pressurizing safety valve 4, opening the pressure relief valve 3 to slowly relieve pressure, and closing the pressure relief valve 3 after the pressure is relieved to 1MPa by the pressure sensor; opening a reflux valve 13, using residual pressure to reflux drilling fluid and heat conducting oil into a liquid reflux tank 14, closing the reflux valve 13 after the reflux is finished, opening a pressure relief valve 3, and relieving the pressure in the kettle body until no pressure exists; after the temperature in the kettle body 24 is reduced to 60 ℃, the kettle cover 21 is opened, the core sample is taken out, the experimental instrument is cleaned, and the experiment is completed.
Claims (6)
1. The well cementation spacer fluid core filter cake cleaning efficiency evaluation device is characterized by comprising a high-temperature high-pressure kettle, a driving unit, a heating unit, a pressurizing unit, a liquid pumping and recycling unit and a mechanical data acquisition unit; the inner cavity of the high-temperature high-pressure kettle is divided into an upper cavity and a lower cavity by a baffle plate; wherein,
The driving unit comprises a core fixing tray (15), a ball bearing (17) and a variable frequency motor (18); the core fixing tray (15) consists of a horizontally arranged tray body and a rotating shaft vertically fixed at the center of the bottom surface of the tray body; the disc body is arranged at the bottom of the upper cavity in the middle, and the rotating shaft is penetrated through the ball bearing (17) and is rotatably fixed in the central through hole of the partition board; the variable frequency motor (18) is centrally fixed in the lower cavity in a mode that an output shaft of the variable frequency motor is vertically upwards, and the shaft end of the output shaft of the variable frequency motor is connected with the bottom end of the rotating shaft through a coupler;
The heating unit comprises a heating controller (20), two heating pipes (16), a first temperature sensor (9) and a second temperature sensor (29); the heating controller (20) is fixed in the lower cavity, and the two electric heating pipes (16) are symmetrically arranged in the upper cavity; the electric heating pipe (16) is composed of a heat conducting pipe, an electric heating wire and heat conducting oil; the heat conducting pipe is a pipe body with two closed ends, and one end of the heat conducting pipe penetrates through and is fixed in the jack on the partition board in a sealing way; the electric heating wires are inserted and distributed in the whole heat conduction pipe, and one end of the electric heating wires extends out of the heat conduction pipe and is electrically connected with the heating controller (20); the heat conduction oil is filled in the inner cavity of the heat conduction pipe; the first temperature sensor (9) and the second temperature sensor (29) are symmetrically and hermetically inserted into the side wall opening of the upper chamber of the high-temperature high-pressure kettle, so that the detection ends of the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor are positioned in the upper chamber;
The pressurizing unit comprises an oil injection pipe, a pressure relief valve (3), a pressurizing safety valve (4), a first booster pump (5), an air compressor (6), a first pressure sensor (10) and a second pressure sensor (25), wherein one end of the oil injection pipe is communicated with the top side of an upper cavity of the high-temperature high-pressure kettle, the pressurizing safety valve (4) is arranged on the oil injection pipe and is close to one side of the high-temperature high-pressure kettle, an oil drain pipe communicated with the upper cavity of the high-temperature high-pressure kettle is arranged on the adjacent side of the oil injection pipe, the pressure relief valve (3) is arranged on the oil drain pipe, the inlet end of the first booster pump (5) is communicated with the air compressor (6) through a pipeline, the outlet end of the first booster pump is communicated with the other end of the oil injection pipe, and the first pressure sensor (10) and the second pressure sensor (25) are symmetrically and hermetically inserted in a hole in the side wall of the upper cavity of the high-temperature high-pressure kettle, so that the detection ends of the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor are positioned in the upper cavity;
The liquid pumping and recycling unit comprises a second booster pump (8), a liquid storage tank (11), a liquid reflux tank (14), a liquid pumping safety valve (7), a liquid pumping control valve (12) and a liquid reflux valve (13); the top of the liquid storage tank (11) is provided with a liquid inlet port, and the bottom side is provided with a liquid outlet port and a pressurizing port; the liquid outlet of the liquid storage tank (11) is communicated with the bottom side of the upper chamber through a pipeline, and a liquid pumping control valve (12) is arranged on the pipeline and is close to one side of the high-temperature high-pressure kettle; the outlet end of the second booster pump (8) is communicated with the pressurizing port of the liquid storage tank (11) through a pipeline, the inlet end of the second booster pump is communicated with the air compressor (6) through a pipeline, and the liquid pumping safety valve (7) is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the second booster pump (8) and the air compressor (6); the liquid reflux tank (14) is arranged below the liquid storage tank (11), and a liquid inlet port of the liquid reflux tank is communicated to a liquid inlet pipe positioned between the high-temperature high-pressure kettle and the liquid pumping control valve (12) through a reflux pipe; a liquid return valve (13) is arranged on the return pipe;
The mechanical data acquisition unit comprises a pneumatic hydraulic telescopic rod (26), a hydraulic sensor, an air compression pump (28) and a mechanical sensor (30); the pneumatic hydraulic telescopic rod (26) is sealed and inserted into the side wall opening of the high-pressure reaction kettle in a mode that the telescopic rod is horizontally arranged in the upper cavity; the mechanical sensor (30) is fixed at the rod end of the telescopic rod, and the hydraulic sensor is fixed on the pneumatic hydraulic telescopic rod (26) in a manner that the detection end of the hydraulic sensor is inserted into the hydraulic cavity; an air compression pump (28) communicates with the pneumatic chamber port of the pneumatic hydraulic telescoping rod (26).
2. The well cementation spacer fluid core filter cake cleaning efficiency evaluation device according to claim 1, wherein the high-temperature high-pressure kettle consists of a kettle cover (21), a kettle body (24) and two high-strength bolts (22); the kettle body (24) is a cylinder with an opening at the top end, the kettle cover (21) is arranged at the opening at the top end of the kettle body (24) in a covering mode, an annular sealing ring is arranged on the contact surface of the kettle cover and the kettle body (24) to enable an upper cavity of the kettle body (24) to form a sealed cavity when the kettle is used, two high-strength bolts (22) symmetrically penetrate through the edge of the kettle cover (21), two bolt holes are symmetrically formed in the top surface of the top end of the kettle body (24), and the kettle cover (21) and the kettle body (24) are detachably connected and fixed into a whole through the two high-strength bolts (22).
3. The well cementation spacer fluid core filter cake cleaning efficiency evaluation device according to claim 1, characterized in that a groove for internally arranging a core sample (1) is centrally formed in the top surface of a core fixing tray (15), a screw hole penetrating through the groove is horizontally formed in the side wall of one side of the tray, and a tray bayonet lock (19) is inserted and in threaded connection with the screw hole so as to fix the core sample on the tray in a manner of tightly propping the tail end of the tray bayonet lock against the core sample.
4. The well cementation spacer fluid core filter cake cleaning efficiency evaluation device according to claim 1, wherein the heat conducting pipe is an inverted U-shaped pipe body, and the electric heating wire is spirally inserted and arranged in the inner cavity of the inverted U-shaped pipe body.
5. The well cementation spacer fluid core filter cake cleaning efficiency evaluation device according to claim 1, wherein a barometer (27) is provided on the gas transmission line.
6. The well cementation spacer fluid core filter cake cleaning efficiency evaluation device according to claim 1, further comprising a control unit; the control unit comprises a PLC controller, an operation panel (31) and an upper computer (32) which are respectively connected with the PLC controller; the PLC is respectively connected with the first temperature sensor (9), the first pressure sensor (10), the second pressure sensor (25), the second temperature sensor (29), the hydraulic sensor and the mechanical sensor (30) to acquire acquired data of the sensors; the PLC controller is also respectively connected with a pressure release valve (3), a pressure boost safety valve (4), a first booster pump (5), an air compressor (6), a liquid pumping safety valve (7), a liquid pumping control valve (12), a liquid reflux valve (13), a variable frequency motor (18), a heating controller (20) and an air compression pump (28) so as to control the working state of the PLC controller.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211511930.4A CN118111775A (en) | 2022-11-29 | 2022-11-29 | Well cementation spacer fluid rock core filter cake cleaning efficiency evaluation device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211511930.4A CN118111775A (en) | 2022-11-29 | 2022-11-29 | Well cementation spacer fluid rock core filter cake cleaning efficiency evaluation device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN118111775A true CN118111775A (en) | 2024-05-31 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211511930.4A Pending CN118111775A (en) | 2022-11-29 | 2022-11-29 | Well cementation spacer fluid rock core filter cake cleaning efficiency evaluation device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN118111775A (en) |
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2022
- 2022-11-29 CN CN202211511930.4A patent/CN118111775A/en active Pending
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