CN118109623B - Wheat chlorophyll content related gene TaGGR-6A molecular marker and application - Google Patents
Wheat chlorophyll content related gene TaGGR-6A molecular marker and application Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a KASP molecular marker of wheat chlorophyll content related gene TaGGR-6A and application thereof. The KASP molecular marker is KASP-TaGGR-6A, the marker is MQTL for controlling chlorophyll character of wheat flag leaves according to 520875491-565468231bp of a 6A chromosome, and a SNP locus (A/G) is detected at 542232119bp, namely, 272bp of a 3' non-coding region of a geranylgeranyl reductase gene TaGGR-6A. The functional KASP molecular marker of the wheat geranylgeranyl reductase gene TaGGR-6A provided by the invention can be used for identifying whether a TaGGR-6A excellent allele exists in a wheat variety/strain or not, and can be applied to auxiliary selective breeding and other known chlorophyll-related gene polymerization breeding.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant bioengineering, and particularly relates to a wheat chlorophyll content related gene TaGGR-6A molecular marker and application.
Background
Under the condition of limited current crop planting area, increasing biomass by improving photosynthetic efficiency of wheat is one of important ways for cultivating high-yield stable-yield wheat new varieties. Photosynthesis is the main source of plant assimilation and has a significant effect on plant yield formation. Chlorophyll plays a key role in photosynthesis and is an important marker of plant leaf maintenance. The chlorophyll content of plant leaves is positively correlated to the photosynthetic rate within a certain range, so that crop yield can be directly affected by photosynthesis.
Chlorophyll content is closely related to crop yield characteristics. For example, the chlorophyll content of wheat has positive correlation with the number of grains per spike, thousand grain weight, grain weight per spike, protein content, wet gluten content and the like. Currently, genes for chlorophyll synthesis have been identified in a number of species. In Arabidopsis, genes corresponding to all 15 steps in the pathway of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b synthesis from glutamyl tRNA have been identified, and at least 27 genes have been found to encode 15 proteases in Arabidopsis chlorophyll synthesis. Wherein the glutamyl-tRNA reductase is encoded by 3 genes, HEMA1, HEMA2 and HEMA3, respectively. Glutamate-1-semialdehyde 2,1 aminomutase, 5-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase, uroporphyrinogen III decarboxylase, coproporphyrinogen III oxidase and protoporphyrinogen oxidase five proteases are each encoded by two genes. In addition, mg-chelating enzymes consist of I, D and H3 subunits, which 3 subunits are assembled from proteins encoded by the CHLI and CHLI, CHLD, CHLH, etc. genes. At present, the wheat chlorophyll synthesis related genes are not well known, so that deep excavation of the wheat chlorophyll synthesis related genes is an important help to crop high light efficiency molecular breeding utilization.
Molecular marker technology has been widely used in crop breeding. With improvements in whole genome Sequencing technologies, such as Genotyping-by-Sequencing (genoyping), millions of SNP sites are currently identified by one Sequencing test. In recent years, plant phenotyping methods and statistical genetics have also been greatly developed, so that identification of SNP loci associated with desirable plant traits by statistical genetic means such as whole genome association analysis research (GWAS) has been achieved. However, most of these SNP sites are neither validated nor converted into useful molecular markers. The KASP technology can economically and efficiently perform gene typing and is a standard technology for SNP typing. Since the advent of the KASP technology, it has been applied and developed in many important crops such as rice, corn, soybean and wheat.
Geranylgeranyl reductase (GERANYLGERANYL REDUCTASE, GGR) catalyzes the reduction of geranylgeranyl diphosphate to phytol diphosphate and provides phytol for chlorophyll and tocopherol synthesis. Therefore, the development of KASP molecular markers of wheat geranylgeranyl reductase gene TaGGR-6A lays a technical foundation for research on wheat chlorophyll synthesis and provides application prospects for crop molecular breeding.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a wheat chlorophyll content related gene TaGGR-6A molecular marker and application. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
1. Wheat chlorophyll content related gene TaGGR-6A molecular marker, wherein the molecular marker adopts the following primer group to identify :KASP-GGR-6A-F1:5'-GAAGGTCGGAGTCAACGGATTTTTGAAACGGAGGGAGTACTA CA-3',KASP-GGR-6A-F2:5'-GAAGGTGACCAAGTTCATGCTTTGAAACGGAGGGAGTAC TACG-3', common primer KASP-GGR-6A-R:5'-TCGTCTGGATTGTTGAAGCG-3'.
2. Wheat chlorophyll content related gene TaGGR-6A molecular marker, wherein the molecular marker comprises an AA type shown as a sequence table SEQ ID No.2, and the 23 rd molecular marker is A; GG type shown in SEQ ID No.3, 23 rd thereof is G.
3. Wheat chlorophyll content related gene TaGGR-6A molecular marker, wherein the molecular marker is SNP mutation site at 272bp of 3' -end non-coding region of TaGGR-6A gene (TraesCS A02G 307700) and can be divided into AA type and GG type two different haplotypes.
4. The method for obtaining the wheat chlorophyll content related gene TaGGR-6A molecular marker comprises the following steps: (1) extracting wheat DNA, (2) SNP locus detection, and (3) data analysis.
5. The application of wheat chlorophyll content related gene TaGGR-6A molecular marker in auxiliary breeding is specifically as follows:
Extracting DNA from the natural wheat population offspring, amplifying the primers in the step 1, and genotyping the product. Determining the genotype by detecting a fluorescence signal of an amplified product, and if the product only shows the color of a fluorescent tag connected to the 5' -end of a DNA molecule shown as SEQ ID NO.2, determining the genotype of the SNP marker of the wheat to be detected as AA; if the product only shows the color of the 5' -end of the DNA molecule shown in SEQ ID NO.3 connected with the fluorescent tag, the genotype of the SNP marker of the wheat to be detected is GG. The KASP marker is obviously related to the chlorophyll content of flag leaves in the wheat natural population material, and the genotype is GG type strain with high chlorophyll content. The KASP marker developed in the invention can realize auxiliary selection effect on chlorophyll content of wheat, lays a theoretical foundation for breeding high-yield stable-quality wheat varieties and provides a molecular auxiliary selection means.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the genotype identification result of TaGGR-6A gene KASP marker primer group on wheat germplasm resources in different wheat regions in China.
Wherein the upper left box scatter represents HEX type allele A and the lower right box scatter represents FAM type allele G.
FIG. 2 is a comparison of chlorophyll content in wheat germplasm resources of TaGGR-6A different genotypes.
Wherein, GG genotype has higher chlorophyll content in flag leaf in middle flowering period of wheat compared with AA genotype.
FIG. 3 is a geographic distribution of TaGGR-6A wheat germplasm resources of two genotypes in a main wheat planting area of China.
Wherein, GG genotype occupies a dominant position in the distribution of main wheat planting areas (such as Henan, shandong, hebei, shaanxi, shanxi, etc.) in China compared with AA genotype.
FIG. 4 is a comparison of chlorophyll content a and b in wheat germplasm resources of two genotypes TaGGR-6A.
Wherein the GG genotype has a higher chlorophyll a content and chlorophyll b content in wheat seedling leaves than the AA genotype.
FIG. 5 is a sequence related to the molecular marker of TaGGR-6A gene.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings. Examples of these preferred embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments of the invention shown in the drawings and described in accordance with the drawings are merely exemplary and the invention is not limited to these embodiments.
It should be noted here that, in order to avoid obscuring the technical solution of the present invention due to unnecessary details, only the structures and/or processing steps closely related to the solution according to the present invention are shown in the drawings, while other details having little relation are omitted.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a wheat chlorophyll content related gene TaGGR-6A molecular marker, which is specifically as follows:
Wheat chlorophyll content related gene TaGGR-6A, coding geranylgeranyl reductase, catalyzing the reduction of geranylgeranyl diphosphate to phytol diphosphate, providing phytol for chlorophyll and tocopherol synthesis. The KASP molecular marker for wheat chlorophyll content-related gene TaGGR-6A of this example was located at 272bp of the 3' -terminal non-coding region (FIG. 5), and the KASP-labeled primer set included primer KASP-TaGGR-6A-F1, primer KASP-TaGGR-6A-F2 and common primer KASP-TaGGR-6A-R, the nucleotide sequence of primer KASP-TaGGR-6A-F1 was 5'-GAAGGTCGGAGTCAACGGATTTTTG AAACGGAGGGAGTACTACA-3', the nucleotide sequence of primer KASP-TaGGR-6A-F2 was 5'-GAAGGTGACCAAGTTCATGCTTTGAAACGGAGGGAGTACTACG-3', and the nucleotide sequence of common primer KASP-TaGGR-6A-R was 5'-TCGTCTGGATTGTTGAAGCG-3'.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a method for obtaining a wheat chlorophyll content related gene TaGGR-6A molecular marker, which comprises the following steps:
1. Extraction of wheat DNA
The CTAB method is used for extracting leaf DNA of wheat seedlings in the two-leaf one-heart period, a plurality of DNA working solutions are randomly extracted, the NanoDrop2000 is used for measuring concentration, and the A260/A280 ratio is about 1.8, so that the quality of the sample is qualified.
SNP locus detection
A set of PCR reaction systems comprising two temperature steps was used: the DNA is denatured at a higher temperature, and then annealed and extended at a lower, same temperature. The PCR amplification may be performed on any suitable PCR gene amplification apparatus. The PCR reaction system was 2xTaq DNA Polymerase Mix 2. Mu.L, SNP PRIMER Mix (4X) 1. Mu.L and DNA 2. Mu.L. The PCR amplification system is as follows: (1) 94 ℃ for 15min; (2) 94℃for 20s; decreasing the temperature by 0.6 ℃ every cycle at 61-55 ℃; a total of 10 cycles; (3) 94 ℃,20s;55 ℃,45s,37 cycles. After the PCR amplification cycle was completed, the fluorescence value was read by using an OMEGA SNP typing apparatus. In this method, SNP site detection uses the fluorophores FAM (485 nm for excitation light, 520nm for emission light) and VIC (535 nm for excitation light, 556nm for emission light) to distinguish between two isogenic sites. The passive reference dye ROX (excitation light 575nm, emission light 610 nm) was used to correct for the differences in signal from well to well due to reaction volume errors.
3. Data analysis
The data was analyzed using genotype reading software Kluster Caller in which the VIC and FAM data were plotted on the x-axis and y-axis, respectively. The VIC and FAM values of each reaction well are corrected by the specific Kong Can-to-dye (ROX) value, and the data fluorescence values are subjected to standardized treatment to obtain the corresponding relative fluorescence values of the VIC and FAM of each PCR reaction well. And clustering samples according to the relative fluorescence values, and further determining genotypes according to the sample clusters and the fluorescence types.
Example 3
The embodiment provides application of wheat chlorophyll content related gene TaGGR-6A molecular marker, which is specifically as follows:
1. 252 parts of wheat germplasm resource materials from different ecological areas of China in Table 1 are used and planted in a Tougly county test station in Gansu province and a Nanlong county and south lake test station in Gansu province in 2021-2022 respectively. The two planting environments are respectively marked as follows: e1 (Tongwei, 2022) and E2 (Zhuang Lang, 2022). The field test was performed on a random block, and 3 replicates were set. 3 rows of seeds are planted in each material, the row spacing is 20cm, the row length is 1m, and 60 seeds are planted in each row. And selecting 3 strains of varieties with consistent growth vigor and normal development after flowering for 14 d.
2. The chlorophyll content of wheat flag leaves was measured using a SPAD-502 chlorophyll meter, and specific data are shown in table 1.
3. Using the TaGGR-6A molecular markers provided in example 1, the TaGGR-6A genotypes of wheat germplasm resources in different ecoregions were analyzed using the method provided in example 2, and the typing results are shown in FIG. 2. The analysis of single factor variance using Excel (2016) software was performed to determine whether the chlorophyll content of flag leaves of wheat varieties carrying different genotypes was significantly different, and the specific data is shown in Table 1.
Fig. 3 shows that the main wheat planting areas (regions of Henan, shaanxi, shanxi, shandong, hebei, etc.) in China are occupied by materials with genotype GG, and specific wheat germplasm resource geographic information is shown in table 2, and information sources are 'first industry approval variety information query' and Zhuang Qiaosheng 'Chinese wheat variety improvement and pedigree analysis'.
TABLE 1 chlorophyll content and genotypes of wheat germ plasm resources in different ecological zones
TABLE 2 geographical distribution of wheat germ plasm resources
Example 4
The embodiment provides application of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b content determination of different haplotypes of wheat chlorophyll content related genes TaGGR-6A, and specifically comprises the following steps:
1. selecting 6 varieties of TaGGR-6A haplotype wheat materials, taking two leaves and one-heart seedling leaves, weighing 0.2g of fresh sheared sample, putting into a mortar, adding a small amount of calcium carbonate powder and 2-3 ml of 95% ethanol, and grinding. Ethanol (10 ml) was then added and grinding continued until the tissue became white.
2. The extract was poured into a funnel and filtered through a filter paper into a 25ml volumetric flask. And sucking the ethanol by using a dropper, washing all chloroplast pigment on the filter paper into a volumetric flask until the filter paper and residues are green, and finally, fixing the volume to 25ml by using the ethanol.
3. The absorbance of the sample was measured at 665nm and 649nm using 95% ethanol as a blank. According to lambert-beer law, the formula is utilizedThe chlorophyll a, b and total chlorophyll content were calculated.
FIG. 4 shows a comparison of chlorophyll a and b contents in wheat germplasm resources of TaGGR-6A genotypes, GG genotypes having higher chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b contents in wheat seedling leaves than AA genotypes.
The application develops KASP marks aiming at SNP loci of non-coding regions at 3' ends of chlorophyll acid ester a oxygenase genes TaGGR-6A, and performs genotyping and phenotype association analysis on 252 parts of wheat germplasm resource materials in different ecological regions of China. The results show that the KASP-TaGGR-6A marker can divide different varieties of wheat into 2 genotypes: AA. GG. And carrying out association analysis on materials with different genotypes by combining phenotype data, and finding that the chlorophyll content of the wheat material carrying the GG genotype is obviously higher than that of the wheat material carrying the AA genotype in the middle period of grouting. The genotype GG is an excellent allelic variation and has positive effect on the chlorophyll content of wheat. In the breeding process, the aggregation of the favorable mutant alleles is consistent with the result of yield increase in the crop breeding process, so that the KASP-TaGGR-6A molecular marker provided by the patent can efficiently detect and track the TaGGR-6A gene in wheat varieties/strains, and provides technical support for improving the chlorophyll characters of the wheat and the high light efficiency molecular breeding of the wheat.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the embodiments of this application and it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that variations and modifications may be made without departing from the principles of the application, and it is intended to cover all modifications and variations as fall within the scope of the application.
Claims (1)
1. The application of the reagent for detecting the wheat chlorophyll content related gene TaGGR-6A molecular marker in screening the wheat high chlorophyll content strain is characterized in that the application is realized by adopting the following method:
(1) Extracting DNA from the natural wheat population offspring, amplifying the DNA by adopting the following primers, and genotyping the product;
KASP-TaGGR-6A-F1:5'-GAAGGTCGGAGTCAACGGATTTTTGAAACGGAGGGAGTACTACA-3' and KASP-TaGGR-6A-R:5'-TCGTCTGGATTGTTGAAGCG-3';KASP-TaGGR-6A-F2:5'-GAAGGTGACCAAGTTCATGCTTTGAAACGGAGGGAGTACTAC G-3' and KASP-TaGGR-6A-R:5'-TCGTCTGGATTGTTGAAGCG-3';
(2) Determining the genotype by detecting the fluorescence signal of the amplified product, and if the product only shows the color of the DNA molecule 5' end connected with the fluorescence label as shown in a sequence table SEQ ID NO.2, determining the genotype of the SNP marker of the wheat to be detected as AA; if the product only shows the color of the DNA molecule 5' end connected with a fluorescent tag as shown in a sequence table SEQ ID NO.3, the genotype of the SNP marker of the wheat to be detected is GG;
(3) The variety/line identified as genotype GG is a high chlorophyll content line.
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