CN118090272A - Test method for multi-physical-field environment simulation of snow-covered solar greenhouse - Google Patents
Test method for multi-physical-field environment simulation of snow-covered solar greenhouse Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of gardening facility engineering, and particularly relates to a test method for multi-physical field environment simulation of a sunlight greenhouse covered by snow.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of gardening facility engineering, and particularly relates to a test method for simulating environment of multiple physical fields of a snow-covered solar greenhouse.
Background
The sunlight greenhouse is a low-carbon energy-saving gardening facility, is widely distributed in areas such as Huang-Huai-Hai, northeast, northwest and the like in China, and effectively solves the annual production and supply problems of fruits and vegetables in China. However, the main production area of the sunlight greenhouse in China usually faces low-temperature weather such as snowfall in winter, snow covering and melting rules and mechanisms on the top surface of the sunlight greenhouse are explored, the internal photo-thermal environment of the sunlight greenhouse is closely related to stress and collapse resistance of a skeleton of the sunlight greenhouse, whether the sunlight greenhouse can safely produce overwintering is directly related to, and the method is not only a scientific problem which needs to be deeply ascertained, but also a common problem faced by the gardening industry of modern facilities.
However, limited research results of solar greenhouses covered by snow are often based on field observation due to the restriction of a multi-physical-field environment simulation test device, so that not only is research conditions difficult to regulate and control, but also the field observation lacks a very effective means, and the deep exploration of key scientific and technical problems in the field is severely restricted. Therefore, the experimental method for simulating the environment of the multiple physical fields of the snow-covered solar greenhouse is developed, the problems of the photo-thermal environment of the snow-covered solar greenhouse and the snow load distribution research can be effectively solved, and the experimental method is also the focus of the research of the inventor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a test method for simulating the environment of a plurality of physical fields of a solar greenhouse covered by snow, which is realized by a special test device, wherein the test device consists of an environment box and a test observation box which are arranged on a main frame, and the thermal performance of different covering materials can be explored by placing a solar greenhouse reduced scale test model and a segment model in the test observation box to simulate the situation of the solar greenhouse after snow covering, so that a combined simulation test system of space environment light-heat-snow-temperature multi-environment fields is realized, more accurate environment simulation is provided for the solar greenhouse multi-environment fields, the device is different from a device constructed by the existing horizontal instrument, the limitation that the horizontal instrument is difficult to meet the condition of snow covering is solved, more complex simulation can be performed in the space of the device, and the study of the thermal performance of the heterogeneous composite material which is easy to slide and melt is covered easily is realized.
The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a test method for simulating the environment of a plurality of physical fields of a snow-covered solar greenhouse comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Firstly, paving carbon fiber grid cloth on a support plate of a test observation box, then paving a soil layer with the thickness of 30cm on the upper part of the carbon fiber grid cloth, arranging temperature and humidity sensors at the positions of 10cm, 20cm and 30cm of the soil layer in the same vertical direction in the middle part to monitor the temperature and humidity change of soil so as to enable the soil to reach the soil condition in a real environment, and then installing the temperature and humidity sensors in an upper environment box and a lower environment box to monitor the temperature and humidity of the environment box, wherein all the temperature and humidity sensors are on the same vertical line;
(2) After the work is finished, the solar greenhouse scale test model is placed in the middle of the soil surface of the test observation box, the surrounding exposed soil surface is covered by the heat-insulating plate, the heat-insulating plate is closely contacted with the model and the surrounding wall surfaces of the box body, and sealing treatment is carried out, so that the heat generated by the lower environment box can be ensured to be transferred upwards only through the soil at the bottom of the solar greenhouse scale model; meanwhile, a temperature and humidity sensor is arranged at a position of a three-equal-point position along the span and the length direction inside the greenhouse model, wherein the height of the temperature and humidity sensor is 1/2 of the height of the ridge of the model; a heat flow meter is arranged in the middle of the position, close to the covering material, inside the model; temperature and humidity sensors are arranged at the same positions in the surface and the interior of the model covering material, and a plurality of layers of temperature and humidity sensors can be arranged at a certain distance along the vertical height of a measuring point in the snow covering process;
After the primary arrangement work of the sensors is finished, the box door of the test observation box is closed, the test observation box is pushed into a preset position on the inner side of the main frame through the sliding frame, and at the moment, the vertical movement of the upper and lower environment box bodies is controlled by the hydraulic lifting device to be in close contact connection with the upper and lower opening positions of the test observation box to form a vertical closed whole; then starting a compressor, a fan, a coil pipe and a humidifier to simulate the actual use condition of the sunlight greenhouse in winter, enabling the test model to be in a real environment condition, laterally pulling out the box body after the test model is stable, covering snow on the test model through an opening at the upper end of the observation box, performing a snow covering process by adopting a snow making machine, placing a sensor on the surface of the snow cover and adjusting the specific position of the sensor when the snow is in different thickness in the snow covering process, continuing to cover the snow, and then placing the sensor when the thickness reaches a preset thickness until the thickness of the snow reaches the thickness of the snow which is determined by the test working condition; pushing the test box back to the main frame after snow covering is completed, then performing subsequent tests by the sealing device, and recording temperature and humidity changes at different snow thicknesses by the aid of the arranged temperature and humidity sensors;
(3) After the solar greenhouse scale test model and the soil thereof are removed, segment model tests are carried out, and the arrangement of temperature and humidity sensors in the upper and lower environment boxes is the same as the position in the step (2); the segment model is built according to the part 1:1 of the greenhouse front slope of the sunlight greenhouse and is fixed on an observation support; as shown in fig. 8, temperature and humidity sensors are uniformly arranged on the surface of the model at the snow covering position along the length and width directions at three equal points, and a plurality of layers of temperature and humidity sensors can be arranged at a certain distance along the vertical height of a measuring point during snow covering, and the snow covering operation is the same as that of the step (2) to form a snow quilt with a certain thickness; timely recording temperature and humidity changes at different snow covering thicknesses, observing melting or sliding phenomena, and analyzing the temperature and humidity changes; in the test process of different angles, the sliding rules of snow on the surfaces of different materials and at different angles under the influence of temperature can be explored through angle adjustment, and the maximum static friction coefficient between the snow quilt and the contact body is tested;
When the observation support is horizontally placed, thermal performance tests of different covering materials and snow covering states can be carried out; placing temperature and humidity sensors in the middle of the upper surface and the lower surface of the covering material and in the middle of the material, and arranging a heat flow meter on the upper side of the covering material close to the surface, so that the sensors are on the same vertical straight line; the thermal performance of the covering material and snow covered by the covering material is calculated by measuring the temperature and humidity changes of different positions of the covering material;
In addition, the observation support can be improved, a local multiple coverage model test is carried out, a temperature and humidity sensor is arranged between the coverage materials, the temperature and humidity change between the coverage materials is monitored, and the heat transfer rule and the thermal performance between the coverage materials are explored.
(4) After the test is completed, the test results are subjected to comparative analysis.
When the illumination influence is considered in the step (2), the LED lamp can be turned on, the illumination time is adjusted to simulate the sun illumination effect, and otherwise, the LED lamp is turned off; when the test is performed, the outside can be directly observed through a vacuum glass window; meanwhile, a non-contact distance measuring device is arranged on the inner side of the test observation box 3, the thickness of the snow accumulated outside the model is finely measured, and the measuring device is generally provided with a bracket, so that the measuring device can be directly arranged; analyzing by combining the measured temperature and humidity at different positions with the snow melting phenomenon; meanwhile, different covering materials (films, films and heat preservation covers) can be arranged on a solar greenhouse scale test model to carry out simulation tests, and snow melting rules can be explored.
The observation support in the step (3) can conduct angle adjustment of the segment model through rotating shafts at two sides; the long rods at the two sides of the observation support can be contracted or lengthened, corresponding adjustment can be performed when the angle is changed, and sealing rubber strips are mounted around the observation support in a matched mode, so that tightness between the periphery of the support and the wall surface of the observation box is guaranteed; in addition, special fixed observation brackets with different angles can be designed, the sizes of different observation brackets are different, the distances between the periphery of the bracket and the observation box are ensured to be the same, and the tightness between the periphery of the bracket and the wall surface of the observation box can be ensured by installing sealing rubber strips; when in test, different special fixed observation brackets are replaced, and the segment model test is preferably carried out in the mode.
In addition, the observation support can be improved to carry out a model test of local multiple coverage, a temperature sensor is required to be arranged between the coverage materials at the moment, the temperature and humidity change between the coverage materials is monitored, and the heat transfer rule and the thermal performance between the coverage materials are explored.
In order to better meet the requirements of the test method, the inventor also provides a corresponding test device, the device consists of an environment box and a test observation box which are arranged on the main frame, wherein the environment box is divided into an upper environment box and a lower environment box, both the upper end and the lower end of the test observation box are open, and the upper environment box and the lower environment box are matched and connected in a sealing way to form the whole test device;
The bottom surface of the upper environment box is open, the inner walls of the other five surfaces are adhered with heat insulation materials, the surfaces of the heat insulation materials are provided with waterproof aluminum foils, at least two groups of fans are arranged at the top of the upper environment box, a coil is arranged below the fans, and a humidifier is arranged at one side below the coil; the structure can enable the upper environment box to generate a continuous setting environment, thereby realizing temperature and humidity control above the test observation box;
The top surface of the lower environment box is open, the inner walls of the other five surfaces are adhered with heat insulation materials, the surfaces of the heat insulation materials are provided with waterproof aluminum foils, at least two groups of fans are arranged at the bottom of the lower environment box, a coil is arranged above the fans, and a humidifier is arranged on one side above the coil; the structure can enable the lower environment box to generate a continuous setting environment, thereby realizing temperature control below the test observation box;
The coils are connected with the independent compressors, refrigeration or heating can be achieved through the compressors, so that temperature and humidity changes of the upper environment box and the lower environment box can be controlled respectively, and grids can be arranged in the upper environment box and the lower environment box for uniform temperature and humidity distribution.
The upper end and the lower end of the test observation box are open, the front side is provided with a box door, the outer side of the test observation box is an outer frame, the other three sides of the test observation box are vacuum glass windows, a threading hole is formed above the outer frame, and a through hole is formed in a middle frame of the outer frame; the top of the test observation box is also provided with an LED lamp which is hoisted on the outer frame.
Preferably, the box door adopts a double-door design, a detachable upright post is arranged in the middle of the box door, and the sealing performance of the box body can be better ensured by matching with the double-door design.
In addition, a support plate with a through hole is arranged on the bottom surface of the test observation box; during a specific test, soil can be paved on the support plate, various test models can be placed on the soil, in the test process, a water collecting tank can be arranged on at least one side of the paved soil, an outward pipeline is arranged at the bottom of the water collecting tank, molten water and the like in the test can be led out of the whole system, and the water collecting tank is generally arranged on one side of the test model, which is easy to gather molten water; and because directly lay soil on the mounting panel, soil can fall into lower environment case through the through-hole, consequently need lay the carbon fiber net cloth of one deck ventilative and low thermal resistance on above-mentioned mounting panel in concrete test process, make things convenient for the hot uploading of below like this, can avoid soil whereabouts simultaneously.
The sealing elements are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the upper environment box bottom surface, the lower environment box top surface and the upper end and the lower end of the test observation box, so that a sealed integral structure can be formed when the upper environment box bottom surface, the lower environment box top surface and the test observation box are combined conveniently.
The outer side of the upper environment box is an upper frame body, and the upper frame body is provided with a compressor installation position, so that the installation of a compressor is facilitated, and the compressor can be conveniently connected with a coil pipe; similarly, the lower frame body is arranged on the outer side of the lower environment box, and a compressor installation position is arranged on the lower frame body, so that the installation of a compressor is facilitated, and the lower environment box can be conveniently connected with a coil pipe;
The pulley is fixedly connected to the outer side of the test observation box, the sliding frame is arranged in the middle of the main frame, the front end of the sliding frame extends out of the main frame, the pulley can slide on the upper surface of the sliding frame, after the structure is adopted, the test observation box can move back and forth in the horizontal direction through the pulley, the test observation box can move to the outer side of the main frame to facilitate preparation work before relevant tests, and after the preparation work is finished, the test observation box can be directly pushed into the main frame.
Vertical sliding rails are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the main frame, and sliding blocks matched with the vertical sliding rails are respectively arranged on the upper frame body and the lower frame body; the top and the bottom of the main frame are respectively provided with symmetrically distributed hydraulic lifting devices, the hydraulic lifting devices at the top are fixedly connected with the top of the upper frame body, the hydraulic lifting devices at the bottom are fixedly connected with the bottom of the lower frame body, so that the upper frame body and the lower frame body can be pushed to move in the vertical direction through the hydraulic lifting devices, and the sliding blocks vertically slide on the sliding rails along with the upper frame body and the lower frame body to play a limiting role; the upper environment box and the lower environment box can be tightly connected with the test observation box through the lifting device, so that a complete test device is formed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The brand new simulation test method is used for a greenhouse snow covering model test, and the melting and sliding rules of different covering materials and different inclinations of outdoor snow under the influence of temperature are explored; meanwhile, the thermal performance of different covering materials can be explored.
(2) The device provided by the invention is different from the device with the structure of the existing horizontal instrument, solves the problem that the horizontal instrument is difficult to meet the snow covering condition, can perform more complex simulation in the device space, has flexible movement functions, and is convenient for integral regulation and control due to the fact that the control system extends to an independent operation table.
(3) The device realizes a combined simulation test system of space environment light-heat-snow-temperature multi-environment field, provides more accurate environment simulation for the multi-environment field of the sunlight greenhouse, and makes up for the defects of the existing test research device.
(4) The upper environment box and the lower environment box of the device can all play roles of cooling and heating through being connected with the compressor, are suitable for simulating multiple physical field environments such as snow covering (surface low temperature, lower high temperature), are also suitable for simulating multiple physical field environments such as snow melting or gobi, roads and the like, realize function diversification and widen the application field of the test device.
The invention provides a brand new simulation test method for the snow covered sunlight greenhouse test, and the indoor temperature and humidity parameters of the reduced scale test can be obtained when the reduced scale model test is carried out, and the comparison analysis is carried out with the on-site measured data to explore the difference between the reduced scale model and the indoor environment; meanwhile, according to the indoor temperature and humidity change data and the thickness change rule of the snow cover when the outdoor snow is melted and slipped, the influence of multiple factors such as indoor temperature and humidity on the outdoor snow cover is explored, and comprehensive analysis is carried out on the influence; when a segment model test is carried out, the maximum static friction coefficient between snow quilt and a contact body can be obtained through tests on different inclination angles of the segment model, and the contact models among the snow particles and between the particles and model materials are explored by combining the characteristics of the snow particles, the covering material and related test phenomena; meanwhile, the temperature and humidity data can be obtained through tests of different covering materials at horizontal angles, and the thermal performance of the different covering materials can be explored. The problems that on-site actual measurement and observation are difficult to carry out are solved, experimental research is carried out more scientifically and reasonably, and references are provided for exploring related problems of the snow covered sunlight greenhouse.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a test apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a rear perspective view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the test device of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the rear structure of the test device of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the rearward structure of the test device of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the test observation box;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the test observation box when a solar greenhouse reduced-scale test model is carried out;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the test observation box when a segment model test is performed;
In the figure, 1 is a main frame, 2 is an upper environment box, 3 is a test observation box, 4 is a lower environment box, 5 is a sliding frame, 6 is a hydraulic lifting device, 7 is a pulley, 8 is a vertical sliding rail, 9 is a sliding block, 10 is an LED lamp, 11 is a fan, 12 is a coil pipe, 13 is a humidifier, 14 is a box door, 15 is a support plate, 16 is an observation support, 17 is a vacuum glass window, 18 is an outer frame, 19 is a through hole, 20 is a threading hole, 21 is soil, 22 is a sunlight greenhouse scale test model, 23 is a temperature and humidity sensor, 24 is a segment model, and 25 is a snowquilt.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
Example 1
A test method for simulating the environment of a plurality of physical fields of a snow-covered solar greenhouse comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Firstly, paving carbon fiber grid cloth on a support plate 15 of a test observation box 3, then paving a soil layer with the thickness of 30cm on the upper part of the carbon fiber grid cloth, arranging temperature and humidity sensors at the positions of 10cm, 20cm and 30cm of the soil layer in the same vertical direction in the middle part to monitor the temperature and humidity change of soil so as to enable the soil to reach the soil condition in a real environment, and then installing the temperature and humidity sensors in an upper environment box 2 and a lower environment box 4 to monitor the temperature and humidity of the environment box, wherein all the temperature and humidity sensors are on the same vertical straight line;
(2) After the work is completed, the solar greenhouse scaled test model 22 is placed in the middle of the soil 21 surface of the test observation box 3, the surrounding exposed soil surface is covered by a heat insulation board, and the heat insulation board is tightly contacted with the model and the peripheral wall surface of the box body and is subjected to sealing treatment; therefore, the heat generated by the lower environment box can be ensured to be transferred upwards only through the soil at the bottom of the solar greenhouse scale model; meanwhile, a temperature and humidity sensor is arranged at a position of a three-equal-point position along the span and the length direction inside the greenhouse model, wherein the height of the temperature and humidity sensor is 1/2 of the height of the ridge of the model; a heat flow meter is arranged in the middle of the position, close to the covering material, inside the model; temperature and humidity sensors are arranged at the same positions in the surface and the interior of the model covering material, and a plurality of layers of temperature and humidity sensors can be arranged at a certain distance along the vertical height of a measuring point in the process of subsequent snow covering work;
After the sensor preliminary arrangement work is finished, the box door 14 of the test observation box is closed, the test observation box 3 is pushed into a preset position on the inner side of the main frame 1 through the sliding frame 5, and at the moment, the vertical movement of the upper and lower environment box bodies is controlled by the hydraulic lifting device 6 to be closely contacted with the upper and lower opening positions of the test observation box to form a vertical closed whole; then, starting a compressor, a fan 11, a coil 12 and a humidifier 13 to simulate the actual use condition of the sunlight greenhouse in winter, enabling a test model to be in a real environment condition, laterally pulling out the box body after the test model is stable, covering snow on the test model through an opening at the upper end of an observation box, performing a snow covering process by adopting a snow making machine, placing a sensor on the surface of the snow cover and adjusting the specific position of the sensor when the snow is in different thicknesses in the snow covering process, continuing to cover the snow, and then placing the sensor when the thickness of the snow reaches a preset thickness until the thickness of the snow reaches the thickness of the snow which is determined by test working conditions; pushing back the test box after the snow is covered, then carrying out subsequent tests by the sealing device, and recording the temperature and humidity changes of different snow thickness positions by the arranged temperature and humidity sensors;
when considering the illumination effect, the LED lamp 10 can be turned on and the illumination time can be adjusted to simulate the sun illumination effect, otherwise turned off; when the test is carried out, the snow melting phenomenon can be directly observed outside through the vacuum glass window 17; meanwhile, a non-contact distance measuring device can be arranged on the inner side of the test observation box 3 to finely measure the thickness of the snow accumulated outside the model, and the measuring device is generally provided with a bracket, so that the measuring device can be directly arranged;
The method can obtain the data about the indoor and outdoor humiture and the soil humiture of the reduced scale test model, can carry out comparative analysis with the field actual measurement data, and explore the difference between the reduced scale model and the indoor environment; in addition, the influence of multiple factors such as indoor temperature and humidity on the outdoor snow-covered melting and sliding law can be explored through the obtained indoor and outdoor soil temperature and humidity change data and the snow-covered thickness change law when the outdoor snow-covered melting and sliding is carried out, and comprehensive analysis is carried out on the outdoor snow-covered melting and sliding law;
besides, different covering materials (greenhouse film, greenhouse film and heat preservation quilt) can be arranged on the solar greenhouse scale test model to carry out simulation test, and the melting and distribution rule of snow cover can be explored.
(3) After the test is completed, the test results are comprehensively analyzed.
Example 2
A test method for simulating the environment of a plurality of physical fields of a snow-covered solar greenhouse comprises the following specific steps:
The solar greenhouse scale test model 22 and the soil 21 thereof are removed on the basis of the embodiment 1, and then a segment model 24 test is carried out, wherein the arrangement of temperature and humidity sensors in the upper and lower environment boxes is the same as that in the embodiment 1; the segment model is built according to the greenhouse front slope part 1:1 of the sunlight greenhouse and is fixed on the observation support 16; as shown in fig. 8, temperature and humidity sensors are uniformly arranged on the surface of the model at the snow covering position along the length and width directions at three equal points, and a plurality of layers of temperature and humidity sensors can be arranged at a certain distance along the vertical height of a measuring point during snow covering, and the snow covering operation is the same as that of the embodiment 1, so that a snow cover 25 with a certain thickness is formed; timely recording temperature and humidity changes at different snow covering thicknesses, observing melting or sliding phenomena, and analyzing the temperature and humidity changes;
The observation support can conduct angle adjustment of the segment model through rotating shafts on two sides; the long rods at the two sides of the observation support can be contracted or lengthened, corresponding adjustment can be performed when the angle is changed, and sealing rubber strips are mounted around the observation support in a matched mode, so that tightness between the periphery of the support and the wall surface of the observation box is guaranteed;
in addition, the observation support can also adopt special fixed observation supports with different dip angles, the sizes of the different observation supports are different, the distances between the periphery of the observation support and the observation box are ensured to be the same, and the tightness between the periphery of the support and the wall surface of the observation box can be ensured by installing the sealing rubber strips; during detection, different special fixed observation brackets are replaced, and the segment model test is preferably carried out in the mode;
In the test process of different angles, the sliding rules of snow on the surfaces of different materials and at different inclination angles under the influence of temperature can be explored through angle adjustment, and the maximum static friction coefficient between the snow quilt and the contact body is tested. In addition, the observation support can be improved to carry out a model test of local multiple coverage, and a temperature and humidity sensor is arranged between the coverage materials to monitor the temperature and humidity change between the coverage materials;
through tests on different inclination angles of the segment model, the friction coefficient between the snow quilt and the contact body can be obtained, and the heat transfer rules and the thermal performance of the material between the contact models among snow particles, between particles and materials and between the multilayer covering materials are explored by combining the characteristics of the snow particles and related test phenomena.
After the experiment of the embodiment is completed, the experiment result can be compared and analyzed, the conversion relation between the models is calculated, and the mutual verification and guidance are suitable for being applied to similar scientific research or production practice projects.
Device example 1
In order to meet the needs of the embodiment, the inventor provides a vertical multi-physical-field environment simulation test device, which consists of an environment box and a test observation box 3 which are arranged on a main frame 1, wherein the environment box is divided into an upper environment box 2 and a lower environment box 4, both the upper end and the lower end of the test observation box 3 are open, and the upper environment box and the lower environment box are matched and connected in a sealing way to form the whole test device;
the bottom surface of the upper environment box 2 is open, the inner walls of the other five surfaces are adhered with heat insulation materials, the surfaces of the heat insulation materials are provided with waterproof aluminum foils, at least two groups of fans 11 are arranged at the top of the upper environment box 2, a coil pipe 12 is arranged below the fans, and a humidifier 13 is arranged at one side below the coil pipe; the structure can enable the upper environment box to generate a continuous setting environment, thereby realizing temperature and humidity control above the test observation box;
The top surface of the lower environment box 4 is open, the inner walls of the other five surfaces are adhered with heat insulation materials, the surfaces of the heat insulation materials are provided with waterproof aluminum foils, at least two groups of fans 11 are arranged at the bottom of the lower environment box 4, a coil pipe 12 is arranged above the fans, and a humidifier 13 is arranged on one side above the coil pipe; the structure can enable the lower environment box to generate a continuous setting environment, thereby realizing temperature and humidity control below the test observation box;
The coils are connected with the independent compressors, refrigeration or heating can be achieved through the compressors, so that temperature and humidity changes of the upper environment box and the lower environment box can be controlled respectively, and grids can be arranged in the upper environment box and the lower environment box for uniform temperature and humidity distribution.
The upper end and the lower end of the test observation box 3 are open, the front side is provided with a box door 14, the outer side of the test observation box 3 is provided with an outer frame 18, the other three sides of the test observation box 3 are provided with vacuum glass windows 17, a threading hole 20 is arranged above the outer frame 18, and a through hole 19 is arranged on a middle frame of the outer frame 18; the top of the test observation box 3 is also provided with an LED lamp 10 which is hoisted on an outer frame 18.
Preferably, the box door 14 adopts a double-door design, a detachable upright post is arranged in the middle of the box door, and the sealing performance of the box body can be better ensured by matching with the double-door design.
In addition, a bracket plate 15 with a through hole is arranged on the bottom surface of the test observation box 3; in a specific test, soil 21 is paved on the support plate 15, various test models are placed on the soil, a water collecting tank can be arranged on at least one side of the paved soil in the specific test process, an outward pipeline is arranged at the bottom of the water collecting tank, so that molten water and the like in the test can be led out of the whole system, and the water collecting tank is arranged on one side of the test model, which is easy to gather molten water; and because directly lay soil on the mounting panel, soil can fall into lower environment case 4 through the through-hole, consequently need lay the carbon fiber net cloth of one deck ventilative and low thermal resistance on above-mentioned mounting panel in specific test process, make things convenient for the hot uploading of below like this, can avoid soil whereabouts simultaneously.
The sealing elements are arranged at the bottom surface of the upper environment box 2, the top surface of the lower environment box 4 and the upper end and the lower end of the test observation box 3, so that a sealed integral structure can be formed when the three are combined conveniently.
The outer side of the upper environment box 2 is an upper frame body, and the upper frame body is provided with a compressor installation position, so that the installation of a compressor is facilitated, and the compressor can be conveniently connected with the coil 12; similarly, the lower environment box 4 is provided with a lower frame body on the outer side, and the lower frame body is provided with a compressor installation position, so that the installation of a compressor is facilitated, and the lower environment box can be conveniently connected with the coil pipe 12;
The pulley 7 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the test observation box 3, the sliding frame 5 is arranged in the middle of the main frame 1, the front end of the sliding frame 5 extends out of the main frame 1, the pulley 7 can slide on the upper surface of the sliding frame 5, after the structure is adopted, the test observation box 3 can move back and forth in the horizontal direction through the pulley, the test observation box 3 moves to the outer side of the main frame 1 to facilitate preparation work before relevant tests, and after the preparation work is finished, the main frame 1 is directly pushed into the main frame 1.
Vertical sliding rails 8 are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the main frame, and sliding blocks 9 matched with the vertical sliding rails 8 are respectively arranged on the upper frame body and the lower frame body; the top and the bottom of the main frame are respectively provided with symmetrically distributed hydraulic lifting devices 6, the hydraulic lifting devices at the top are fixedly connected with the top of the upper frame body, the hydraulic lifting devices at the bottom are fixedly connected with the bottom of the lower frame body, so that the upper frame body and the lower frame body can be pushed to move in the vertical direction through the hydraulic lifting devices, and the sliding blocks 9 can play a limiting role along with the vertical sliding of the upper frame body and the lower frame body on the sliding rail 8; the upper environment box 2 and the lower environment box 4 can be tightly connected with the test observation box 3 through the lifting device, so that a complete test device is formed.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A test method for simulating the environment of a plurality of physical fields of a snow-covered solar greenhouse is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
(1) Firstly, paving carbon fiber grid cloth on a support plate of a test observation box, then paving a soil layer with the thickness of 30cm on the upper part of the carbon fiber grid cloth, arranging temperature and humidity sensors at the positions of 10cm, 20cm and 30cm of the soil layer in the same vertical direction at the middle part to monitor the temperature and humidity change of soil, and then installing the temperature and humidity sensors in an upper environment box and a lower environment box to monitor the temperature and humidity of the environment box, wherein all the temperature and humidity sensors are on the same vertical straight line;
(2) After the work is completed, the solar greenhouse scaled test model is placed in the middle of the soil surface of the test observation box, the surrounding exposed soil surface is covered by a heat insulation board, and the heat insulation board is tightly contacted with the model and the surrounding wall surfaces of the box body and is subjected to sealing treatment; meanwhile, a temperature and humidity sensor is arranged at a position of a three-equal-point position along the span and the length direction inside the greenhouse model, wherein the height of the temperature and humidity sensor is 1/2 of the height of the ridge of the model; a heat flow meter is arranged in the middle of the position, close to the covering material, inside the model; temperature and humidity sensors are arranged at the same positions in the surface and the interior of the model covering material, and a plurality of layers of temperature and humidity sensors can be arranged at a certain distance along the vertical height of a measuring point in the process of subsequent snow covering work;
After the sensor arrangement work is finished, the box door of the test observation box is closed, the test observation box is pushed into a preset position on the inner side of the main frame through the sliding frame, and at the moment, the vertical movement of the upper and lower environment box bodies is controlled by the hydraulic lifting device to be in close contact with the upper and lower opening positions of the test observation box to form a vertical closed whole; then starting a compressor, a fan, a coil pipe and a humidifier to simulate the actual use condition of the sunlight greenhouse in winter, enabling the test model to be in a real environment condition, laterally pulling out the box body after the test model is stable, covering snow on the test model through an opening at the upper end of the observation box, performing a snow covering process by adopting a snow making machine, placing a sensor on the surface of the snow cover and adjusting the specific position of the sensor when the snow is in different thickness in the snow covering process, continuing to cover the snow, and then placing the sensor when the thickness reaches a preset thickness until the thickness of the snow reaches the thickness of the snow which is determined by the test working condition; pushing the test box back to the main frame after snow covering is completed, then performing subsequent tests by the sealing device, and recording temperature and humidity changes at different snow thicknesses by the aid of the arranged temperature and humidity sensors;
(3) After the solar greenhouse scale test model and the soil thereof are removed, segment model tests are carried out, and the arrangement of temperature and humidity sensors in the upper and lower environment boxes is the same as the position in the step (2); the segment model is built according to the part 1:1 of the greenhouse front slope of the sunlight greenhouse and is fixed on an observation support; uniformly arranging temperature and humidity sensors on the surface of the model at the snow covering position along the length direction and the width direction, arranging a plurality of layers of temperature and humidity sensors at a certain distance along the vertical height of a measuring point during snow covering, wherein the snow covering operation is the same as that of the step (2), and a snow quilt with a certain thickness is formed; timely recording temperature and humidity changes at different snow covering thicknesses, observing melting or sliding phenomena, and analyzing the temperature and humidity changes; in the test process of different angles, the sliding rules of snow on the surfaces of different materials and at different angles under the influence of temperature can be explored through angle adjustment, and the maximum static friction coefficient between the snow quilt and the contact body is tested;
(4) After the test is completed, the test results are subjected to comparative analysis.
2. The test method of claim 1, wherein in step (2), when considering the effect of illumination, the LED lamp is turned on and the illumination time is adjusted to simulate the effect of solar illumination, and vice versa; when the test is carried out, the outside can be directly observed through the vacuum glass window, and meanwhile, the non-contact distance measuring device can be arranged on the inner side of the test observation box to finely measure the thickness of the snow outside the test model.
3. The test method according to claim 1, wherein the observation support in the step (3) is capable of performing an angular adjustment of the segment model by rotating shafts on both sides; the long rods at two sides of the observation support can be contracted or extended, when the angle is changed, the corresponding adjustment can be carried out, and meanwhile, the sealing rubber strips are installed around the observation support in a matched mode, so that the tightness between the periphery of the support and the wall surface of the observation box is guaranteed.
4. The test method according to claim 1, wherein the observation support in the step (3) can be designed into a fixed observation support special for different detection angles, the different observation supports have different sizes, the same distance between the periphery of the observation support and the observation box is ensured, and the tightness between the periphery of the support and the wall surface of the observation box is ensured by installing sealing rubber strips; and during detection, the different special fixed observation brackets are replaced.
5. The test method according to claim 1, wherein the adopted test device for the vertical multi-physical-field environment simulation comprises a main frame (1), an environment box and a test observation box (3) which are arranged on the main frame (1), wherein the environment box is divided into an upper environment box (2) and a lower environment box (4), the upper end and the lower end of the test observation box (3) are open, and the upper environment box (2) and the lower environment box (4) are matched and connected in a sealing manner to form the whole test device;
Wherein the bottom surface of the upper environment box (2) is open, the inner walls of the other five surfaces are adhered with heat insulation materials, the surfaces of the heat insulation materials are provided with waterproof aluminum foils, the top of the upper environment box (2) is provided with at least two groups of fans (11), a coil pipe (12) is arranged below the fans, and one side below the coil pipe is provided with a humidifier (13);
The top surface of the lower environment box (4) is open, the inner walls of the other five surfaces are adhered with heat insulation materials, the surfaces of the heat insulation materials are provided with waterproof aluminum foils, at least two groups of fans (11) are arranged at the bottom of the lower environment box (4), a coil pipe (12) is arranged above the fans, and a humidifier (13) is arranged on one side above the coil pipe;
The upper end and the lower end of the test observation box (3) are open, the front side is provided with a box door (14), the outer side of the test observation box (3) is provided with an outer frame (18), the other three sides of the test observation box (3) are provided with vacuum glass windows (17), threading holes (20) are formed in the upper side of the outer frame (18), and a through hole (19) is formed in the middle frame of the outer frame (18); the top of the test observation box (3) is also provided with an LED lamp (10) which is hoisted on the outer frame (18).
6. The assay method of claim 5, wherein: a support plate (15) with a through hole is arranged on the bottom surface of the test observation box (3); soil (21) can be laid on the support plate (15) and various test models can be placed on the soil.
7. The assay method of claim 5, wherein: sealing elements are arranged at the bottom surface of the upper environment box (2), the top surface of the lower environment box (4) and the upper end and the lower end of the test observation box (3).
8. The assay method of claim 5, wherein: an upper frame body is arranged outside the upper environment box (2), and a compressor installation position is arranged on the upper frame body; similarly, the outer side of the lower environment box (4) is a lower frame body, and the lower frame body is provided with a compressor installation position.
9. The assay method of claim 5, wherein: the pulley (7) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the test observation box (3), the sliding frame (5) is arranged in the middle of the main frame, the front end of the sliding frame (5) extends out of the main frame (1), and the pulley (7) can slide on the upper surface of the sliding frame (5).
10. The assay method of claim 5, wherein: vertical sliding rails (8) are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the main frame, and sliding blocks (9) matched with the vertical sliding rails (8) are respectively arranged on the upper frame body and the lower frame body; the top and the bottom of the main frame are respectively provided with symmetrically distributed hydraulic lifting devices (6), the hydraulic lifting devices at the top are fixedly connected with the top of the upper frame body, and the hydraulic lifting devices at the bottom are fixedly connected with the bottom of the lower frame body.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202410231495.2A CN118090272A (en) | 2024-02-29 | 2024-02-29 | Test method for multi-physical-field environment simulation of snow-covered solar greenhouse |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202410231495.2A CN118090272A (en) | 2024-02-29 | 2024-02-29 | Test method for multi-physical-field environment simulation of snow-covered solar greenhouse |
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