CN118088484A - Method for regulating and controlling axial force automatic balance of centrifugal compressor - Google Patents
Method for regulating and controlling axial force automatic balance of centrifugal compressor Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a regulating and controlling method for automatic balance of axial force of a centrifugal compressor, which comprises the following steps: step one, confirming a control target; tracking the reading of the shaft displacement monitoring probe; step three, adjusting the pressure of a high-pressure adjusting cavity of the balance disc; and fourthly, returning the reading of the shaft displacement monitoring probe to a zero position. According to the invention, the wheel disc seal is added between the final-stage impeller and the balance disc of the centrifugal compressor, so that the stress area of the outlet gas pressure of the final-stage impeller on the wheel disc of the final-stage impeller can be reduced, and on the other hand, the gas at the high-pressure side of the balance disc forms an independent chamber, and the high-pressure regulating chamber of the balance disc is connected with the outlets of all stages of impellers of the centrifugal compressor through the pressure guiding pipeline. The electric regulating valve is arranged on each stage of branch pressure guiding pipeline, so that the gas pressure in the high-pressure side cavity of the balance disc can be regulated. According to the displacement monitoring of the rotor shaft, the gas pressure in the high-pressure side cavity of the balance disc is adjusted, so that the axial force of the rotor is adjusted, and the axial force born by the thrust bearing is ensured to be in a safe and efficient working range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of centrifugal compressors, relates to axial force, and in particular relates to a regulating and controlling method for automatic balance of axial force of a centrifugal compressor.
Background
The centrifugal compressor is used as core equipment and has wide application in various industries such as metallurgy, petrochemical industry, air separation, video, construction, national defense and the like, and plays an extremely important role. With the achievement of aerodynamic research, the efficiency of the centrifugal compressor is continuously improved, and due to the successful development of technical keys such as high-pressure sealing, processing of small-flow narrow impellers, multi-oil wedge bearings and the like, a series of problems that the centrifugal compressor develops to a high-pressure wide-flow range are solved, so that the application range of the centrifugal compressor is greatly expanded, and the centrifugal compressor can replace a reciprocating compressor in many occasions, and the application range is greatly expanded.
In principle, in a centrifugal compressor, the centrifugal force imparted to the gas by the impeller rotating at high speed and the diffusion imparted to the gas in the diffusion passage increase the gas pressure. The impeller and the main shaft are fixed together to rotate together, gas enters the impeller from the axial direction and is thrown out from the radial direction through the work of the impeller, and the pressure is increased in the process. With this structure, the high-pressure gas at the outlet acts on the impeller with a force greater than the force of the low-pressure gas acting on the impeller, thereby generating an axial force on the rotor directed from the outlet to the inlet.
The rotor of a centrifugal compressor operating at high speed always acts on an axial force directed from the high pressure end to the low pressure end. The rotor will be displaced axially in the direction of the axial force, which will cause a relative movement between the journal and the bearing, and thus, it is possible to strain the bearing or the journal, and more seriously, friction, collision or even machine damage of the rotor element with the stator element will be caused by the displacement of the rotor. Since the axial force of the rotor is harmful to the machine, which can cause friction, wear, collision or even damage to the machine, effective measures should be taken to balance and eliminate.
It is currently common practice to balance a portion of the axial force by the balance disc, with the remaining axial force being borne by the thrust bearing. A balancing disk is added behind the final-stage impeller of the centrifugal compressor, one side of the balancing disk is communicated with the outlet of the final-stage impeller and is high-pressure gas, the other side of the balancing disk is connected with the inlet of the first-stage impeller of the centrifugal compressor in a side-joint mode and is low-pressure gas, so that thrust opposite to the axial force of a rotor is formed, and a part of axial force can be balanced.
However, in the actual situation, the centrifugal compressor can cause fluctuation of axial force under the variable working condition, the exhaust pressure is larger than the rated value, the axial force is overlarge, the bearing capacity of the thrust bearing is exceeded, the thrust bearing is damaged, and the centrifugal compressor is forced to stop to cause economic loss.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a regulating and controlling method for automatic balance of axial force of a centrifugal compressor, which solves the technical problem that a thrust bearing is easy to damage due to large pressure fluctuation on the high pressure side of a balance disc in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The method adopts an automatic axial force balancing device of the centrifugal compressor, the automatic axial force balancing device of the centrifugal compressor comprises a main shaft, a shell is sleeved outside the main shaft, the front end and the rear end of the main shaft extending out of the shell are respectively arranged on a supporting bearing, and the rear part of the main shaft extending out of the shell is arranged on a thrust bearing; the main shaft is provided with a final-stage impeller and a balance disc sequentially from an air inlet end to an air outlet end along the axis.
The main shaft is coaxially sleeved with an adjusting cavity first sealing sleeve and an adjusting cavity second sealing sleeve, and the adjusting cavity first sealing sleeve and the adjusting cavity second sealing sleeve are respectively and fixedly arranged in the machine shell; the first seal sleeve of the joint cavity and the second seal sleeve of the adjusting cavity are coaxially arranged, and the first seal sleeve of the adjusting cavity is positioned at the axial rear of the second seal sleeve of the adjusting cavity.
A balance disc seal is arranged between the balance disc and the first sealing sleeve of the adjusting cavity, and a wheel disc seal is arranged between the wheel disc of the final-stage impeller and the second sealing sleeve of the adjusting cavity; the outer diameter of the wheel disc seal is smaller than that of the balance disc.
And a balance disc high-pressure adjusting chamber is formed among the final-stage impeller, the wheel disc seal, the adjusting cavity second sealing sleeve, the shell, the adjusting cavity first sealing sleeve, the balance disc seal and the balance disc.
The balance disc high-pressure regulating cavity is connected with one end of a total pressure guiding pipeline, the other end of the total pressure guiding pipeline is respectively connected with one end of one or more branch pressure guiding pipelines, and the other end of one or more branch pressure guiding pipelines is respectively communicated with a gas flow passage at the outlet of each stage of impeller of the centrifugal compressor; and the branch pressure guide pipelines corresponding to the outlets of the impellers of each stage are independently controlled to regulate the gas pressure in the high-pressure regulating cavity of the balancing disc, so that the automatic balance of the axial force is regulated and controlled.
The invention also has the following technical characteristics:
Further, the branch pressure guiding pipelines are respectively provided with an electric regulating valve; and a shaft displacement monitoring probe is arranged at a position close to the end face of the rear end of the main shaft extending out of the shell.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
Step one, confirming a control target:
With the rising of the rotating speed of the centrifugal compressor, the exhaust pressure of the outlet of the centrifugal compressor rises, the main shaft moves towards the air inlet end, the thrust bearing bears residual axial force, a lubricating oil film of the centrifugal compressor is established, and when the reading of the shaft displacement monitoring probe tends to be stable, the current reading of the shaft displacement monitoring probe is confirmed to be zero as a control target.
Tracking the reading of the shaft displacement monitoring probe:
With the lifting of the load of the centrifugal compressor, the axial force is gradually increased, the residual axial force borne by the thrust bearing is increased, the lubricating oil film is thinned, the bearing capacity of the lubricating oil film is improved, and the reading of the shaft displacement monitoring probe is increased.
With the reduction of the load of the centrifugal compressor, the axial force is gradually reduced, the residual axial force borne by the thrust bearing is reduced, the lubricating oil film is thickened, the bearing capacity of the lubricating oil film is reduced, and the reading of the shaft displacement monitoring probe is reduced.
Step three, adjusting the pressure of a high-pressure adjusting chamber of the balance disc:
When the axial force is increased and the reading of the axial displacement monitoring probe is larger than zero, the valve opening of the electric regulating valve on the branch pressure guiding pipeline is controlled, the pressure in the high-pressure regulating cavity of the balance disc is improved, the acting force of the balance disc is increased, and therefore the axial force is reduced.
When the axial force is reduced and the reading of the axial displacement monitoring probe is smaller than zero, the valve opening of the electric regulating valve on the branch pressure guiding pipeline is controlled, the pressure in the high-pressure regulating cavity of the balance disc is reduced, the acting force of the balance disc is reduced, and therefore the axial force is increased.
Fourth, the reading of the shaft displacement monitoring probe returns to zero position:
with the change of the valve opening of the electric regulating valve, the balance disc gradually balances out the increased axial force, the residual axial force is reduced, the axial force acting on the thrust bearing is reduced, the bearing capacity of a lubricating oil film is reduced, the reading of the shaft displacement monitoring probe is reduced, the balance disc gradually returns to the zero position, and one round of control cycle is completed; the control cycle is repeated for a plurality of times, and the automatic balance regulation and control of the axial force of the centrifugal compressor are realized.
Preferably, each stage of impeller comprises a first stage impeller, a middle stage impeller and a last stage impeller; the main shaft is provided with a first-stage impeller, a middle-stage impeller and a last-stage impeller in sequence from an air inlet end to an air outlet end along the axis.
Preferably, shaft end seals are respectively arranged between the front end and the rear end of the main shaft and the shell; the balance disc low-pressure cavity is formed among the first seal sleeve of the adjusting cavity, the balance disc seal, the balance disc, the main shaft, the shaft end seal and the shell; the low-pressure chamber of the balance disc is communicated with the gas flow passage at the gas inlet of the first-stage impeller through a low-pressure chamber gas guide pipe.
Preferably, the shell of the first-stage impeller axially in front is provided with an air inlet, the shell of the last-stage impeller axially in rear is provided with an exhaust volute, the exhaust volute is communicated with an air outlet, and the air inlet, the runner of the first-stage impeller, the runner of the middle-stage impeller, the runner of the last-stage impeller, the exhaust volute and the air outlet form a complete air runner in the shell.
Preferably, wheel cap seals are respectively arranged between the outer sides of the wheel caps of the first-stage impeller, the middle-stage impeller and the last-stage impeller and the shell.
Preferably, a baffle is respectively arranged on the shell between the first-stage impeller and the intermediate-stage impeller and the shell between the intermediate-stage impeller and the final-stage impeller, and a diffusion flow passage is formed between the baffle and the shell.
Further preferably, the number of the branch pressure guiding pipelines is three, and the other ends of the three branch pressure guiding pipelines are sequentially communicated with a diffusion flow passage between the first-stage impeller and the middle-stage impeller, a diffusion flow passage between the middle-stage impeller and the last-stage impeller and an exhaust volute.
Preferably, a baffle seal is arranged between the radial inner side of the baffle and a baffle seal sleeve arranged on the main shaft.
Preferably, the balance disc is arranged on the radial outer side of the balance disc in a sealing manner, and the wheel disc is arranged on the radial outer side of the wheel disc of the final-stage impeller in a sealing manner; the partition plate is arranged on the radial inner side of the partition plate in a sealing way.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
According to the invention, the wheel disc seal is added between the final-stage impeller and the balance disc of the centrifugal compressor, so that the stress area of the outlet gas pressure of the final-stage impeller on the wheel disc of the final-stage impeller can be reduced, and the high-pressure side gas of the balance disc forms an independent chamber, so that the high-pressure regulating chamber of the balance disc is connected with the outlet of each stage impeller of the centrifugal compressor through the pressure guiding pipeline. The electric regulating valve is arranged on each stage of branch pressure guiding pipeline, so that the gas pressure in the high-pressure side cavity of the balance disc can be regulated. According to the displacement monitoring of the rotor shaft, the gas pressure in the high-pressure side cavity of the balance disc is adjusted, so that the axial force of the rotor is adjusted, and the axial force born by the thrust bearing is ensured to be in a safe and efficient working range.
And (II) the invention solves the problem of axial force from the design source, the highest pressure of the balancing disc high-pressure regulating chamber is the highest pressure possibly reached by the centrifugal compressor outlet under abnormal working conditions, the calculation of the diameter of the balancing disc is required to be carried out according to the maximum axial force instead of the calculation of rated working conditions, and the diffusion flow passage of the balancing disc high-pressure regulating chamber and the middle-stage impeller is used for realizing the regulation of the axial force under each working condition during the rated working conditions.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall internal structure of an axial force automatic balancing device of a centrifugal compressor.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a balance disc high pressure regulating chamber.
The meaning of each reference numeral in the figures is: the device comprises a main shaft, a 2-shell, a 3-supporting bearing, a 4-thrust bearing, a 5-final impeller, a 6-balance disc, a 7-adjusting cavity first sealing sleeve, an 8-balance disc seal, a 9-wheel disc seal, a 10-balance disc high-pressure adjusting cavity, an 11-total pressure guiding pipeline, a 12-branch pressure guiding pipeline, a 13-electric adjusting valve, a 14-shaft displacement monitoring probe, a 15-first impeller, a 16-intermediate impeller, a 17-shaft end seal, a 18-balance disc low-pressure cavity, a 19-low pressure cavity air guide pipe, a 20-gas flow passage, a 21-inlet, a 22-exhaust volute, a 23-outlet, a 24-wheel cover seal, a 25-partition plate, a 26-diffusion flow passage, a 27-partition plate sealing sleeve, a 28-partition plate seal and a 29-adjusting cavity second sealing sleeve.
The following examples illustrate the invention in further detail.
Detailed Description
All devices and components of the present invention are known in the art, unless otherwise specified.
The following specific embodiments of the present application are provided, and it should be noted that the present application is not limited to the following specific embodiments, and all equivalent changes made on the basis of the technical scheme of the present application fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Example 1:
the embodiment provides an automatic axial force balancing device of a centrifugal compressor, which is shown in fig. 1, and comprises a main shaft 1, wherein a shell 2 is sleeved outside the main shaft 1, the front end and the rear end of the main shaft 1 extending out of the shell 2 are respectively arranged on a support bearing 3, and the rear part of the main shaft 1 extending out of the shell is arranged on a thrust bearing 4; the main shaft 1 is provided with a final-stage impeller 5 and a balance disc 6 in sequence from an air inlet end to an air outlet end along the axis.
As shown in fig. 1, an adjusting cavity first sealing sleeve 7 and an adjusting cavity second sealing sleeve 29 are coaxially sleeved outside the main shaft 1, and the adjusting cavity first sealing sleeve 7 and the adjusting cavity second sealing sleeve 29 are respectively and fixedly installed in the machine shell 1; the first seal sleeve 7 of the joint cavity and the second seal sleeve 29 of the adjusting cavity are coaxially arranged, and the first seal sleeve 7 of the adjusting cavity is positioned at the axial rear part of the second seal sleeve 29 of the adjusting cavity;
As shown in fig. 2, a balance disc seal 8 is arranged between the balance disc 6 and the first seal sleeve 7 of the adjusting cavity, and a disc seal 9 is arranged between the disc of the final-stage impeller 5 and the second seal sleeve 29 of the adjusting cavity; the outer diameter of the disc seal 9 is smaller than the outer diameter of the balancing disc 6 to ensure the regulating function of the balancing disc high pressure regulating chamber 10.
As shown in fig. 2, a balance disc high-pressure regulating chamber 10 is formed among the last-stage impeller 5, the wheel disc seal 9, the regulating cavity second sealing sleeve 29, the shell 2, the regulating cavity first sealing sleeve 7, the balance disc seal 8 and the balance disc 6.
As shown in fig. 1, the balance disc high-pressure regulating chamber 10 is connected with one end of a total pressure guiding pipeline 11, the other end of the total pressure guiding pipeline 11 is respectively connected with one end of one or more branch pressure guiding pipelines 12, and the other end of the one or more branch pressure guiding pipelines 12 is respectively communicated with a gas flow passage 20 at the outlet of each stage of impeller of the centrifugal compressor.
As a further scheme of the embodiment, the branch pressure guiding pipelines 12 are respectively provided with an electric regulating valve 13; an axial displacement monitoring probe 14 is provided near the rear end face of the spindle 1 extending out of the housing 2.
As a preferred version of this embodiment, each stage impeller comprises a first stage impeller 15, a middle stage impeller 16 and a last stage impeller 5; the main shaft 1 is provided with a first-stage impeller 15, a middle-stage impeller 16 and a final-stage impeller 5 in sequence from an air inlet end to an air outlet end along the axis.
As a preferable scheme of the embodiment, shaft end seals 17 are respectively arranged between the front end and the rear end of the main shaft 1 and the shell 2; a balance disc low-pressure chamber 18 is formed among the first seal sleeve 7 of the adjusting cavity, the balance disc seal 8, the balance disc 6, the main shaft 1, the shaft end seal 17 and the shell 2; the balance disc low-pressure chamber 18 is communicated with a gas flow passage 20 at the gas inlet of the first-stage impeller 15 through a low-pressure cavity gas guide pipe 19.
As a preferable scheme of the embodiment, an air inlet 21 is arranged on the housing 2 at the axial front of the first-stage impeller, an exhaust volute 22 is arranged in the housing 2 at the axial rear of the last-stage impeller 5, an air outlet 23 is communicated with the exhaust volute 22, and the air inlet 21, the flow channel of the first-stage impeller 15, the flow channel of the middle-stage impeller 16, the flow channel of the last-stage impeller 5, the exhaust volute 22 and the air outlet 23 form a complete air flow channel 20 in the housing 2.
It is further preferred that shroud seals 24 are provided between the shroud outer sides of the first stage impeller 15, the intermediate stage impeller 16, and the last stage impeller 5, and the casing 2, respectively.
As a preferable mode of the present embodiment, a partition plate 25 is provided on the casing 2 between the first-stage impeller 15 and the intermediate-stage impeller 16 and on the casing 2 between the intermediate-stage impeller 16 and the final-stage impeller 5, respectively, and a diffuser flow passage 26 is formed between the partition plate 25 and the casing 2.
Further preferably, the number of branch pressure pipelines 12 is three, and the other ends of the three branch pressure pipelines 12 are sequentially communicated with a diffusion flow passage 26 between the first-stage impeller 15 and the intermediate-stage impeller 16, a diffusion flow passage 26 between the intermediate-stage impeller 16 and the final-stage impeller 5 and the exhaust volute 22.
It is further preferred that a diaphragm seal 28 is provided between the radially inner side of the diaphragm 25 and a diaphragm seal sleeve 27 mounted on the spindle 1.
As a preferable scheme of the present embodiment, a balance disc seal 8 is installed radially outside the balance disc 6, and a wheel disc seal 9 is installed radially outside the wheel disc of the final stage impeller 5; a diaphragm seal 28 is mounted radially inward of the diaphragm 25.
Example 2:
The embodiment provides a regulating and controlling method for automatic balance of axial force of a centrifugal compressor, and the method is realized by adopting the automatic balancing device for axial force of the centrifugal compressor provided in the embodiment 1. The branch pressure guiding pipelines 12 corresponding to the outlets of the impellers of each stage are independently controlled, so that the matching of similar pressures is realized, the throttling loss is reduced, the gas pressure in the balancing disc high-pressure regulating chamber 10 is regulated, and the regulation and control of automatic axial force balance are realized.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
Step one, confirming a control target:
as the rotational speed of the centrifugal compressor increases, the outlet exhaust pressure of the centrifugal compressor increases, the main shaft 1 moves toward the air inlet end, the thrust bearing 4 bears residual axial force, a lubricating oil film of the centrifugal compressor is established, and when the reading of the shaft displacement monitoring probe 14 tends to be stable, the current reading of the shaft displacement monitoring probe 14 is confirmed to be zero as a control target.
Tracking the reading of the shaft displacement monitoring probe:
As the centrifugal compressor load increases, the axial force increases gradually, the residual axial force carried by the thrust bearing 4 increases, the lubricating film is thinned, the lubricating film carrying capacity increases, and the reading of the shaft displacement monitoring probe 14 increases.
As the centrifugal compressor load decreases, the axial force decreases progressively, the residual axial force carried by the thrust bearing 4 decreases, the lubricating film thickens, the lubricating film carrying capacity decreases, and the reading of the shaft displacement monitoring probe 14 decreases.
Step three, adjusting the pressure of a high-pressure adjusting chamber of the balance disc:
When the axial force is increased and the reading of the axial displacement monitoring probe 14 is larger than zero, the valve opening of the electric regulating valve 13 on the branch pressure pipeline 12 is controlled, the pressure in the balance disc high-pressure regulating chamber 10 is increased, the acting force of the balance disc 6 is increased, and the axial force is reduced.
When the axial force is reduced, the reading of the axial displacement monitoring probe 14 is smaller than zero, the valve opening of the electric regulating valve 13 on the branch pressure pipeline 12 is controlled, the pressure in the balance disc high-pressure regulating chamber 10 is reduced, the acting force of the balance disc 6 is reduced, and the axial force is increased.
The step can stabilize the stress of the thrust bearing 4 by adjusting the pressure of the balance disc high-pressure adjusting chamber 10, so that the stress of the thrust bearing 4 is stable.
Fourth, the reading of the shaft displacement monitoring probe returns to zero position:
With the change of the valve opening of the electric regulating valve 13, the balance disc 6 gradually balances out the increased axial force, the residual axial force is reduced, the axial force acting on the thrust bearing 4 is reduced, the bearing capacity of a lubricating oil film is reduced, the reading of the shaft displacement monitoring probe 14 is reduced, the zero position is gradually returned, and one round of control cycle is completed; the control cycle is repeated for a plurality of times, and the automatic balance regulation and control of the axial force of the centrifugal compressor are realized.
Claims (10)
1. The method is realized by adopting an automatic axial force balancing device of the centrifugal compressor, the automatic axial force balancing device of the centrifugal compressor comprises a main shaft (1), a shell (2) is sleeved outside the main shaft (1), the front end and the rear end of the main shaft (1) extending out of the shell (2) are respectively arranged on a supporting bearing (3), and the rear part of the main shaft (1) extending out of the shell is arranged on a thrust bearing (4); the main shaft (1) is provided with a final-stage impeller (5) and a balance disc (6) in sequence from an air inlet end to an air outlet end along the axis; the method is characterized in that:
The main shaft (1) is coaxially sleeved with an adjusting cavity first sealing sleeve (7) and an adjusting cavity second sealing sleeve (29), and the adjusting cavity first sealing sleeve (7) and the adjusting cavity second sealing sleeve (29) are respectively and fixedly arranged in the machine shell (1); the first seal sleeve (7) of the joint cavity and the second seal sleeve (29) of the adjusting cavity are coaxially arranged, and the first seal sleeve (7) of the adjusting cavity is positioned at the axial rear part of the second seal sleeve (29) of the adjusting cavity;
A balance disc seal (8) is arranged between the balance disc (6) and the first seal sleeve (7) of the adjusting cavity, and a wheel disc seal (9) is arranged between the wheel disc of the final-stage impeller (5) and the second seal sleeve (29) of the adjusting cavity; the outer diameter of the wheel disc seal (9) is smaller than the outer diameter of the balance disc (6);
The balance disc high-pressure adjusting chamber (10) is formed among the last-stage impeller (5), the wheel disc seal (9), the adjusting cavity second sealing sleeve (29), the shell (2), the adjusting cavity first sealing sleeve (7), the balance disc seal (8) and the balance disc (6);
The balance disc high-pressure regulating cavity (10) is connected with one end of a total pressure guiding pipeline (11), the other end of the total pressure guiding pipeline (11) is respectively connected with one end of one or more branch pressure guiding pipelines (12), and the other end of one or more branch pressure guiding pipelines (12) is respectively communicated with a gas flow passage (20) at the outlet of each stage of impeller of the centrifugal compressor; and the branch pressure guide pipelines (12) corresponding to the outlets of the impellers of each stage are independently controlled to regulate the gas pressure in the balance disc high-pressure regulating chamber (10), so that the automatic balance of the axial force is regulated and controlled.
2. The method for regulating and controlling the automatic balance of the axial force of the centrifugal compressor according to claim 1, wherein the branch pressure guiding pipelines (12) are respectively provided with an electric regulating valve (13); an axial displacement monitoring probe (14) is arranged at a position close to the rear end face of the main shaft (1) extending out of the shell (2).
3. A method for controlling the automatic balancing of axial force of a centrifugal compressor according to claim 2, comprising the steps of:
Step one, confirming a control target:
as the rotation speed of the centrifugal compressor increases, the exhaust pressure of an outlet of the centrifugal compressor increases, the main shaft (1) moves towards the air inlet end, the thrust bearing (4) bears residual axial force, a lubricating oil film of the centrifugal compressor is established, and when the reading of the shaft displacement monitoring probe (14) tends to be stable, the current reading of the shaft displacement monitoring probe (14) is confirmed to be zero as a control target;
tracking the reading of the shaft displacement monitoring probe:
with the lifting of the load of the centrifugal compressor, the axial force is gradually increased, the bearing residual axial force of the thrust bearing (4) is increased, the lubricating oil film is thinned, the bearing capacity of the lubricating oil film is improved, and the reading of the shaft displacement monitoring probe (14) is increased;
As the load of the centrifugal compressor is reduced, the axial force is gradually reduced, the residual axial force borne by the thrust bearing (4) is reduced, the lubricating oil film is thickened, the bearing capacity of the lubricating oil film is reduced, and the reading of the shaft displacement monitoring probe (14) is reduced;
Step three, adjusting the pressure of a high-pressure adjusting chamber of the balance disc:
When the axial force is increased and the reading of the axial displacement monitoring probe (14) is larger than zero, controlling the valve opening of the electric regulating valve (13) on the branch pressure pipeline (12), lifting the pressure in the balance disc high-pressure regulating chamber (10), and increasing the acting force of the balance disc (6), so that the axial force is reduced;
When the axial force is reduced and the reading of the axial displacement monitoring probe (14) is smaller than zero, controlling the valve opening of the electric regulating valve (13) on the branch pressure pipeline (12), reducing the pressure in the balance disc high-pressure regulating chamber (10), and reducing the acting force of the balance disc (6), so as to increase the axial force;
fourth, the reading of the shaft displacement monitoring probe returns to zero position:
With the change of the valve opening of the electric regulating valve (13), the balance disc (6) gradually balances out the increased axial force, the residual axial force is reduced, the axial force acting on the thrust bearing (4) is reduced, the bearing capacity of a lubricating oil film is reduced, the reading of the shaft displacement monitoring probe (14) is reduced, the zero position is gradually returned, and one round of control cycle is completed; the control cycle is repeated for a plurality of times, and the automatic balance regulation and control of the axial force of the centrifugal compressor are realized.
4. A method for regulating the automatic balancing of axial forces of a centrifugal compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that said impellers of each stage comprise a first-stage impeller (15), a middle-stage impeller (16) and a final-stage impeller (5); the main shaft (1) is provided with a first-stage impeller (15), a middle-stage impeller (16) and a last-stage impeller (5) in sequence from an air inlet end to an air outlet end along the axis.
5. The method for regulating and controlling the automatic balance of the axial force of the centrifugal compressor according to claim 4, wherein shaft end seals (17) are respectively arranged between the front end and the rear end of the main shaft (1) and the shell (2); a balance disc low-pressure chamber (18) is formed among the first seal sleeve (7) of the adjusting cavity, the balance disc seal (8), the balance disc (6), the main shaft (1), the shaft end seal (17) and the shell (2); the balance disc low-pressure chamber (18) is communicated with a gas flow passage (20) at the gas inlet of the first-stage impeller (15) through a low-pressure cavity gas guide pipe (19).
6. The method for controlling the automatic balance of the axial force of the centrifugal compressor according to claim 4, wherein the air inlet (21) is arranged on the shell (2) at the axial front side of the first-stage impeller, the air exhaust volute (22) is arranged in the shell (2) at the axial rear side of the last-stage impeller (5), the air outlet (23) is communicated with the air exhaust volute (22), and the air inlet (21), the flow channel of the first-stage impeller (15), the flow channel of the middle-stage impeller (16), the flow channel of the last-stage impeller (5), the air exhaust volute (22) and the air outlet (23) form a complete air flow channel (20) in the shell (2).
7. The method for controlling the automatic balance of the axial force of the centrifugal compressor according to claim 4, wherein a wheel cover seal (24) is respectively arranged between the outer sides of the wheel covers of the first-stage impeller (15), the intermediate-stage impeller (16) and the final-stage impeller (5) and the shell (2).
8. The method for controlling the automatic balance of the axial force of the centrifugal compressor according to claim 6, wherein a baffle plate (25) is respectively arranged on the shell (2) between the first-stage impeller (15) and the intermediate-stage impeller (16) and on the shell (2) between the intermediate-stage impeller (16) and the final-stage impeller (5), and a diffusion flow passage (26) is formed between the baffle plate (25) and the shell (2);
the number of branch pressure guide pipelines (12) is three, and the other ends of the three branch pressure guide pipelines (12) are sequentially communicated with a diffusion flow passage (26) between the first-stage impeller (15) and the intermediate-stage impeller (16), a diffusion flow passage (26) between the intermediate-stage impeller (16) and the final-stage impeller (5) and an exhaust volute (22).
9. A method for controlling the automatic balancing of axial forces of a centrifugal compressor according to claim 8, characterized in that a diaphragm seal (28) is provided between the radially inner side of the diaphragm (25) and a diaphragm seal sleeve (27) mounted on the main shaft (1).
10. A method for controlling the automatic balancing of the axial force of a centrifugal compressor according to claim 9, wherein the balance disc seal (8) is arranged on the radial outer side of the balance disc (6), and the wheel disc seal (9) is arranged on the radial outer side of the wheel disc of the final-stage impeller (5); the diaphragm seal (28) is mounted radially inward of the diaphragm (25).
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| CN202410305849.3A CN118088484A (en) | 2024-03-18 | 2024-03-18 | Method for regulating and controlling axial force automatic balance of centrifugal compressor |
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| CN202410305849.3A CN118088484A (en) | 2024-03-18 | 2024-03-18 | Method for regulating and controlling axial force automatic balance of centrifugal compressor |
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