CN118083040A

CN118083040A - Unilateral anchor buoy and unilateral anchor buoy method for water body profile observation

Info

Publication number: CN118083040A
Application number: CN202311471350.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘长华; 王旭; 贾思洋; 王春晓
Original assignee: Institute of Oceanology of CAS
Current assignee: Institute of Oceanology of CAS
Priority date: 2023-11-07
Filing date: 2023-11-07
Publication date: 2024-05-28

Abstract

The invention provides a unilateral anchor buoy and a unilateral anchor buoy method for water profile observation, and relates to the field of water equipment. The auxiliary buoy is used as an independently-operated positioning warning system to ensure the normal operation of the unilateral anchor structure when the main buoy fails. The main buoy is connected with the auxiliary buoy through the auxiliary mooring system, and the auxiliary mooring system has the effect of avoiding collision between the main buoy and the auxiliary buoy, providing enough underwater space for underwater data acquisition of the main buoy and avoiding winding to influence normal operation. The auxiliary buoy has the function that one end is connected with the main anchor system, the other end is connected with the auxiliary anchor system, the main anchor system is an anchoring structure of the whole system, the anchor body adopts a gravity anchor, and after anchoring, the whole system can only move along with tide by taking the anchor body as the center of a circle.

Description

Unilateral anchor buoy and unilateral anchor buoy method for water body profile observation

Technical Field

The invention relates to a unilateral anchor buoy, in particular to a unilateral anchor buoy and a unilateral anchor buoy method for water profile observation, and belongs to the technical field of water equipment.

Background

Marine observations are the basis of research in marine science, whose development is more dependent on advances in marine observation technology. The quantity and the richness of the data types obtained by the marine observation data are the preconditions and the basis for the development of the creative results of the marine scientific research. The marine water profile observation technology is an important branch of the marine observation technology, the significance of the marine water profile observation technology is more remarkable along with the development of marine science, and the real-time acquisition of the water profile parameter data is more attractive.

At present, the acquisition of marine water profile data mainly depends on two modes of anchoring type and moving type, wherein the anchoring type buoy or the underwater winch is mainly used as a carrier, and the moving type glider and the Argo buoy are mainly used as representatives. In offshore environments, the profile observation techniques mainly rely on anchored buoys or underwater winch carriers due to the particularities of water depth, human activities and the like. For example, the typical profile observation technology at present is a buoy technology of a three-anchor mooring structure, and the buoy body is anchored and fixed through three sets of anchors, so that a vacuum area can be formed right below the middle main buoy body, and the problem of winding with the anchors in the process of lowering profile equipment is well solved.

Such as the prior patent application number: 200710116233.8 provides a buoy triple anchor mooring device and a deployment and recovery method thereof.

However, the above technology has a great disadvantage in use: due to the existence of a plurality of anchors, the complexity of the anchors is caused, the engineering quantity of the deployment and recovery process is huge, a plurality of ships are required to finish cooperatively, the use cost is high, and different anchors can be wound together under the action of ocean currents, so that the recovery is difficult, and great potential safety hazards exist.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a unilateral anchor buoy and a unilateral anchor buoy method for observing a water body profile comprise a main buoy, an auxiliary anchor system, an auxiliary buoy and a main anchor system are arranged on one side of the main buoy, the auxiliary anchor system is arranged between the main buoy and the auxiliary buoy, the auxiliary anchor system prevents the main buoy from colliding with the auxiliary buoy, the auxiliary buoy is used as an independently-operated positioning warning system to ensure the unilateral anchor structure to normally operate when the main buoy fails, the main anchor system is arranged on one side, far away from the auxiliary anchor system, of the auxiliary buoy, the main anchor system is used for anchoring the unilateral anchor structure position formed by the main buoy, the auxiliary anchor system, the auxiliary buoy and the main anchor system, and a supporting structure is arranged on the outer side of the main buoy.

Preferably, the main buoy comprises a buoyancy cabin, a working chamber moon pool is arranged at the top of the buoyancy cabin, a main buoy small platform is arranged at the upper end of the working chamber, a main buoy GPS positioning module, a main buoy anchor lamp and a main buoy solar panel are fixed on the main buoy small platform, the main buoy GPS positioning module can collect real-time accurate longitude and latitude data of the main buoy, the main buoy solar panel generates electric energy and stores the electric energy in a storage battery, and electric energy is provided for all systems on the main buoy, so that cost investment is reduced.

Preferably, the working room is provided with a moon pool, the lower end of the moon pool is connected with seawater, one side of the working room is provided with a watertight cabin door, the working room is divided into a plurality of mutually independent working areas through a partition plate, the working room and the moon pool are provided with watertight cabin doors, the moon pool can be accessed and accessed through the watertight cabin doors, a plurality of partition plates are arranged in the buoyancy cabin in a radial direction and a circumferential direction, and one side of the buoyancy cabin is provided with mooring buckles.

Preferably, a winch system is arranged in the main moon pool, a moon pool pedal is arranged in the moon pool, the winch system is fixed on the moon pool pedal, a tightening device is arranged below the moon pool pedal, the moon pool pedal is fixedly connected with the buoyancy cabin, a composite cable is coiled on the winch system and simultaneously has the functions of bearing, supplying power and transmitting signals, the power can be provided for the profile data acquisition module, the lower end of the composite cable is connected with the profile data acquisition module, the composite cable is wound and unwound through the rotation of a winch system winch, the ascending and descending of the profile data acquisition module are further realized, and various data acquisition on the water profile are realized through a sensor carried on the profile data acquisition module.

Preferably, one side of the main buoyancy chamber is provided with a water permeable well, a sea surface appearance measuring frame is arranged in the water permeable well, a fixed plate is fixed at the upper end of the sea surface observation frame, the fixed plate is fixedly connected with the water permeable well, and a sea surface appearance measuring device is arranged at the lower part of the sea surface observation frame.

Preferably, the main and auxiliary mooring lines comprise auxiliary mooring lines and anti-collision floating balls, the anti-collision floating balls are provided, the auxiliary mooring lines penetrate through the anti-collision floating balls, the total length of the auxiliary mooring lines is not smaller than the diameter of the main buoy, the anti-collision floating balls are of soft structures, and the density of the anti-collision floating balls is smaller than that of water, so that the auxiliary mooring lines and the auxiliary mooring lines can float on the water surface.

Preferably, the auxiliary buoy comprises an auxiliary buoy body, an auxiliary buoy small platform is arranged on the auxiliary buoy body, an auxiliary buoy GPS positioning module, auxiliary buoy anchor lamps and an auxiliary buoy control module are arranged on the auxiliary buoy small platform to form an independently-operated positioning and warning system, an auxiliary buoy main frame is arranged between the auxiliary buoy body and the auxiliary buoy small platform, the auxiliary buoy GPS positioning module can collect accurate longitude and latitude data of the auxiliary buoy in real time and transmit the accurate longitude and latitude data to the auxiliary buoy control module, the auxiliary buoy control module sends the information to a data collection control module at the main buoy end in a wireless mode for standby, an auxiliary buoy solar panel is arranged on one side of the auxiliary buoy main frame, a plurality of auxiliary buoy main frames are arranged to provide energy for related equipment of the auxiliary buoy, main mooring buckles and auxiliary mooring buckles are arranged at the bottom of the auxiliary buoy body, the auxiliary buoy main frame and each equipment are supported, the main mooring buckles can be supported, and the main mooring buckles are connected with the main mooring system.

Preferably, the bearing structure includes the pneumatic cylinder, and pneumatic cylinder fixed mounting is in the little platform outside of main buoy, and pneumatic cylinder top fixed mounting has the supporting shell, the supporting shell top rotates and is connected with the swivel mount, fixedly connected with a plurality of torsional springs between supporting shell and the swivel mount, and the cover is equipped with the outer loop in the swivel mount outside, fixedly connected with a plurality of connecting rods between outer loop and the swivel mount, a plurality of draw-in grooves and a plurality of square groove have been seted up at the outer loop top, square inslot portion is provided with the triangular block, main buoy solar panel bottom fixedly connected with contact plate, pneumatic cylinder one side fixedly connected with diversion board, diversion groove has been seted up to diversion board top one side.

Preferably, the main mooring system comprises an anchor body and a main mooring chain, the anchor body is sunk into the sea floor and forms the foundation of the whole system, the anchor body is sunk into the sea floor, and the main mooring buckles and the main mooring chain.

A single-side anchor buoy using method for water body profile observation comprises the following steps:

step one: the fixed point of the anchor body is an O point, the longitude and latitude point of the auxiliary buoy is an A point, and the longitude and latitude point of the main buoy is a B point;

Step two: the L1 line is vertical to the OA, the OA is equally divided, the L2 line is parallel to the L1 line, the AB is equally divided by the L2 line, the L1 is divided into a1 region towards the O point direction, a2 region is arranged between the L1 and the L2, and the L2 is a 3 region to the right;

Step three: when one direction is the point O, the point L1, the point A, the point L2 and the point B in sequence, the mark is safe; when the horizontal position of the point B is at the left side of the L2 line, the point B is marked as dangerous;

Step four: under the action of ocean currents, the single-side anchor structure forms a state with an O point at the upstream, an A point at the middle and a B point at the downstream, namely, the third step is to judge that the state is a safe operation state, and the winch lowers the profile observation module to start the profile observation action, so that the profile observation module can well avoid winding with a main anchor system when drifting downstream in the lowering process, and the safety of the profile observation module is guaranteed.

The invention provides a unilateral anchor buoy and a unilateral anchor buoy method for water profile observation, which have the following beneficial effects:

1. According to the unilateral anchor buoy and the unilateral anchor buoy method for observing the water body profile, the main buoy is connected with the auxiliary buoy through the auxiliary anchor system, the auxiliary anchor system has the effects of avoiding collision between the main buoy and the auxiliary buoy, providing enough underwater space for underwater signal acquisition of the main buoy, and avoiding winding to influence normal work. The auxiliary buoy has the function that one end is connected with the main anchor system, the other end is connected with the auxiliary anchor system, the main anchor system is an anchoring structure of the whole system, the anchor body adopts a gravity anchor, and after anchoring, the whole system can only move along with tide by taking the anchor body as the center of a circle.

2. According to the unilateral anchor buoy and the unilateral anchor buoy method for observing the profile of the water body, the wind speed and the wave height meet the operation threshold, the system judges that the state is a safe operation state, and the system controls the winch to release the profile observation module to start the profile observation action. Therefore, the profile observation module can well avoid winding with a main anchor system when drifting downwards in the descending process, and the safety of the profile observation module is guaranteed.

3. According to the unilateral anchor buoy and the unilateral anchor buoy method for observing the water body profile, the auxiliary mooring rope is arranged, so that the main buoy and the auxiliary buoy are prevented from collision under the action of wind and waves; secondly, a safe space is reserved for the main buoy lowering profile data acquisition module to prevent the main buoy from winding with a main anchor system; finally, the length of the anti-collision floating ball after being tightly connected is slightly smaller than that of the auxiliary mooring rope, so that a space is reserved for connection between the auxiliary mooring rope and the buoy end mooring buckle, and the two shackle are fixedly connected to two ends of the auxiliary mooring rope.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a main buoy according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a sub-buoy according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing that the ocean current direction is consistent with the OB direction and judged to be "safe" according to the invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the invention in which the ocean current direction and the OB direction are determined to be "safe" at an acute angle;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the present invention with the position determination being "dangerous";

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the system operation of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the winch operating instructions of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a support structure of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a spin stand of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the outer ring of the present invention.

Reference numerals illustrate: 100. a main buoy; 101. a main buoy small platform; 102. a main buoy GPS positioning module; 103. a main buoy anchor light; 104. a main buoy solar panel; 105. a moon pool; 106. a working room; 107. a buoyancy chamber; 108. mooring buckles; 109. a winch system; 110. a moon pool pedal; 111. a tightening device; 112. a composite cable; 113. a profile data acquisition module; 114. a water permeable well; 115. sea surface appearance measuring rack; 116. sea surface appearance measuring device; 200. a secondary anchor system; 201. a secondary mooring line; 202. an anti-collision floating ball; 300. a sub-buoy; 301. a sub-buoy small platform; 302. a sub-buoy GPS positioning module; 303. a sub-buoy anchor light; 304. a sub-buoy control module; 305. a sub-buoy solar panel; 306. a sub-buoy main frame; 307. a sub-buoy body; 308. a main mooring clasp; 309. auxiliary mooring buckles; 400. a primary anchor system; 401. an anchor body; 402. a main mooring chain; 500. a support structure; 501. a pneumatic cylinder; 502. a support case; 503. a torsion spring; 504. a rotating frame; 505. a connecting rod; 506. a direction-changing plate; 507. a direction-changing groove; 508. an outer ring; 509. a clamping groove; 510. a square groove; 511. triangular blocks; 512. and a contact plate.

Detailed Description

The embodiment of the invention provides a unilateral anchor buoy and a unilateral anchor buoy method for water body profile observation.

Referring to fig. 1,2,3, 4, 5, 6,7, 8,9, 10 and 11, the main buoy 100, the auxiliary mooring 200, the auxiliary buoy 300 and the main mooring 400 form a single-side anchor structure, the auxiliary mooring 200 is installed between the main buoy 100 and the auxiliary buoy 300, the auxiliary mooring 200 prevents the main buoy 100 from colliding with the auxiliary buoy 300, the auxiliary buoy 300 is used as a positioning warning system which independently operates, the auxiliary buoy 300 ensures the normal operation of the single-side anchor structure when the main buoy 100 fails, the main mooring 400 is installed on the side, away from the auxiliary buoy 300, of the auxiliary buoy 300, the main mooring 400 is used for anchoring the single-side anchor structure, and the supporting structure 500 is installed outside the main buoy 100.

The invention is implemented in particular:

The main buoy 100, the auxiliary mooring system 200, the auxiliary buoy 300 and the main mooring system 400 form a single-side anchor structure system for water body profile observation. The main buoy body 100 is the most main structural component, is equipped with sensors for observing marine weather, marine surface hydrology and water quality, and has the functions of a platform such as data acquisition, energy supply, signal transmission and operation carrier.

The main buoy 100 is connected with the auxiliary buoy 300 through the auxiliary mooring system 200, and the auxiliary mooring system 200 has the function of avoiding collision between the main buoy 100 and the auxiliary buoy 300, providing enough underwater space for the main buoy 100 to acquire underwater signals, and avoiding winding to influence normal work. The auxiliary buoy 300 has the functions that one end is connected with the main anchor system 400, the other end is connected with the auxiliary anchor system 200, the main anchor system 400 is an anchoring structure of the whole system, the single main anchor system 400 is an anchoring structure of the whole system, knotting and collision cannot occur under the action of sea tides, recovery work is simple, the anchor body 401 adopts a gravity anchor, and after anchoring, the whole system can only move along with the tide by taking the anchor body 401 as a circle center.

The main buoy 100 is provided with a main buoy small platform 101 at the uppermost part, the main buoy small platform 101 is provided with various mounting frames, and a main buoy GPS positioning module 102, a main buoy anchor lamp 103, a main buoy solar panel 104, weather sensors (including but not limited to a hygrothermograph, a barometer, an anemometer, a visibility meter, a rain gauge and the like), various signal antennas (including but not limited to a network transmitting/receiving antenna, a Beidou transmitting antenna), lightning rods and the like are fixed on the mounting frames. The main buoy GPS positioning module 102 can collect real-time accurate latitude and longitude data of the main buoy 100.

The main buoy anchor lamp 103 emits orange light at night or with low visibility, the lamp color is Morse code orange flash, the national standard of GB4696-1999 is met, and the range is not less than 5 seas. The main buoy solar panel 104 generates electrical energy for storage in a battery, providing electrical power to all systems on the main buoy 100.

The main buoy 100 is provided with a moon pool 105, the moon pool 105 is of a water permeable structure, and the lower end of the moon pool is connected with sea water.

The main buoy 100 is provided with a working room 106, the working room 106 provides space for operating, storing, installing various devices and the like, a main buoy data acquisition control module is arranged in the working room, and the main buoy GPS positioning module 102 can acquire real-time accurate longitude and latitude data of the main buoy 100 and transmit the longitude and latitude data to the main buoy data acquisition control module.

The working room 106 is divided into a plurality of mutually independent working areas by partition plates, the working room 106 and the moon pool 105 are provided with watertight doors, and the moon pool 105 can be accessed through the watertight doors, so that the working room 106 can be accessed.

The main buoy 100 is provided with a buoyancy cabin 107, the buoyancy cabin 107 is provided with a plurality of partition boards in the radial direction and the circumferential direction, so that a plurality of mutually independent buoyancy cavities are formed in the buoyancy cabin 107, one buoyancy cavity leaks water, other buoyancy cavities still can provide enough buoyancy to ensure the safety of the buoy, the buoyancy cabin 107 can select 1 buoyancy cavity or n buoyancy cavities to store storage batteries for receiving electric energy produced by the main buoy solar panel 104, and simultaneously, the single-side anchor structure is supplied.

The main buoy 100 comprises a mooring buckle 108, the mooring buckle 108 is fixed on one side of the buoyancy chamber 107, and the mooring buckle 108 is used for being fixedly installed with the main and auxiliary anchors 200.

A winch system 109 is arranged in the moon pool 105, and a moon pool pedal 110 is arranged in the moon pool 105. The moon pool pedal 110 is fixed on the inner wall of the moon pool 105 at the periphery by bolts, and the winch system 109 is fixed on the moon pool pedal 110. The winch system 109 is provided with a composite cable 112, and the lower end of the composite cable 112 is connected with a profile data acquisition module 113.

The length of the composite cable 112 is not less than the depth of the water at the laying position, the composite cable 112 has the functions of bearing, supplying power and transmitting signals, can provide power for the profile data acquisition module 113, transmits data acquired by the profile data acquisition module back to the winch system 109 end in real time, transmits signals to the main buoy data acquisition control module through the electric slip ring structure, and the main buoy data acquisition control module also controls the running frequency and the running speed of the winch system 109 and reads the working state of the winch system 109. The composite cable 112 is wound and unwound through rotation of a winch of the winch system 109, so that the profile data acquisition module 113 ascends and descends, and various data acquisition on the water profile is realized through a sensor carried on the profile data acquisition module 113.

The middle of the moon pool pedal 110 is provided with a cable guiding hole, so that the composite cable 112 passes through, and meanwhile, the composite cable 112 downwards extends from the winch to the middle of the moon pool pedal 110 through the longitudinal and transverse roller guiding structure. A tightening device 111 is provided under the moon pool pedal 110.

When the profile data acquisition module 113 completes the profile work, the profile data acquisition module 113 can be driven by the winch system 109 to return to the lower part of the moon pool pedal 110, the tightening device 111 is provided with a conical opening, the inner diameter of the opening is consistent with the outer diameter of the profile data acquisition module 113, the profile data acquisition module 113 is gathered at the conical opening of the tightening device 111, and the condition that the profile data acquisition module 113 cannot shake under stormy waves is ensured. The profile data acquisition module 113 comprises a carrying cage, a sensor, an electric swivel, a load and the like, and the electric swivel has the functions of timely carrying the cage to rotate under the action of ocean currents, so that the composite cable 112 is not damaged, the stress releasing function is achieved, and the electric energy and signal transmission function and the bearing function are guaranteed.

The main buoyancy chamber 107 is provided with a water permeable well 114 on one side, a sea surface observation frame 115 is arranged in the water permeable well 114, a fixed plate is fixed at the upper end of the sea surface observation frame 115 and fixedly connected with the water permeable well 114, and a sea surface appearance measuring device 116 is arranged at the lower part of the sea surface observation frame.

The main buoy 100 is provided with a lateral permeable well 114, which is positioned at the outer side of the top of the buoyancy chamber 107, the permeable well 114 is of a hollow pipe structure, is provided with an independent well wall, penetrates through the buoyancy chamber 107, is watertight welded, ensures the water tightness of the buoyancy chamber 107, and is permeable up and down in the middle of the permeable well 114. The water permeable well 114 is internally provided with a sea surface observation frame 115, the upper end of the sea surface observation frame 115 is provided with a fixing plate, the outer diameter of the fixing plate is larger than the inner diameter of the water permeable well 114, the fixing plate is provided with a fixing bolt which is fixed at the upper opening of the water permeable well 114, the middle part of the sea surface observation frame 115 is of a multi-vertical pipe structure and can be inserted into the water permeable well 114, the length of the sea surface observation frame is slightly larger than the height of the water permeable well 114, so that the lower end of the sea surface observation frame 115 is positioned below the main buoy 100, the lower part of the sea surface observation frame 115 is provided with a sea surface appearance measuring device 116, and the sea surface appearance measuring device 116 comprises but is not limited to a profile ocean current meter, and sensors for measuring water temperature, salinity and the like.

Wherein the main buoy data acquisition control module controls the operating frequency of the sea surface measuring device 116 and reads the observed data in real time. It should be noted that, the marine surface appearance measurement device 116 is equipped with an acoustic doppler flow profiler, abbreviated as ADCP, which collects flow velocity and flow direction data of profile ocean currents and transmits the data to the main buoy data collection control module in real time to collect data and judge the basis of ocean conditions.

In addition, the supporting structure 500 can be installed outside the main buoy small platform 101, the supporting structure 500 comprises a pneumatic cylinder 501, the pneumatic cylinder 501 is fixedly installed outside the main buoy small platform 101, a supporting shell 502 is fixedly installed at the top of the pneumatic cylinder 501, the pneumatic cylinder 501 works to control the up-down position of the supporting shell 502, a rotating frame 504 is rotationally connected to the top of the supporting shell 502, the rotating frame 504 and the supporting shell 502 synchronously move up and down, a plurality of torsion springs 503 are fixedly connected between the supporting shell 502 and the rotating frame 504, and the torsion springs 503 are used for controlling the resetting of the rotating frame 504. An outer ring 508 is sleeved outside the rotating frame 504, and a plurality of connecting rods 505 are fixedly connected between the outer ring 508 and the rotating frame 504, so that the rotating frame 504 moving up and down drives the outer ring 508 to synchronously move up and down through the plurality of connecting rods 505. The top of the outer ring 508 is provided with a plurality of clamping grooves 509 and a plurality of square grooves 510, triangular blocks 511 are arranged in the square grooves 510, and a contact plate 512 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the main buoy solar panel 104.

After the working pneumatic cylinder 501 drives the outer ring 508 to move downwards, the bottoms of the plurality of main buoy solar panels 104 hinged to the main buoy small platform 101 lose support, the main buoy solar panels 104 turn over, and finally, after the contact plate 512 fixed on the main buoy solar panels 104 moves into the square groove 510, the pneumatic cylinder 501 stops working, so that the states of the main buoy solar panels 104 and the outer ring 508 are shown in fig. 11.

At this time, the pneumatic cylinder 501 works to push the outer ring 508 to move upwards, and the inclined surface at one side of the triangular block 511 is arranged at the bottom of the contact plate 512, so that the contact plate 512 is tilted under the action of the triangular block 511 to turn over the main buoy solar panel 104, and as the outer ring 508 moves upwards, the main buoy solar panel 104 is pushed to turn over and be parallel to the sea surface, and the bottom is supported by the outer ring 508 to enable the main buoy solar panel 104 to enter a power generation state.

If the pneumatic cylinder 501 works to drive the outer ring 508 to move downwards at this moment, the direction changing plate 506 is fixedly connected to one side of the pneumatic cylinder 501, the direction changing groove 507 is formed in one side of the top of the direction changing plate 506, at this moment, one connecting rod 505 moves into the direction changing groove 507, the movement of the connecting rod 505 is guided by the direction changing plate 506, the connecting rod 505 downwards drives the rotating frame 504 and the outer ring 508 to rotate, the rotating outer ring 508 is provided with a part of the clamping groove 509 in a sleeved mode, the contact plates 512 are clamped in the clamping groove 509, at this moment, the main buoy solar panel 104 is limited and can not be turned over, the main buoy solar panel 104 is limited and stored outside the main buoy small platform 101, the main buoy solar panel 104 is retracted in bad weather, the stress area of the main buoy 100 is reduced, and the main buoy solar panel 104 is protected.

When the pneumatic cylinder 501 works to push the outer ring 508 to move upwards to be separated from the limit of the turning plate 506, the plurality of torsion springs 503 drive the rotating frame 504 to reset, so that the limit of the main buoy solar panel 104 is removed.

The secondary mooring 200 comprises a secondary mooring line 201, an anti-collision floating ball 202 and two shackles. The middle of each anti-collision floating ball 202 is provided with a plurality of holes through which a mooring rope can pass conveniently, the plurality of floating ball holes are closely connected with each other, the auxiliary mooring rope 201 passes through each anti-collision floating ball 202 from the middle, the total length of the connected anti-collision floating balls 202 is slightly smaller than that of the auxiliary mooring rope 201, the total length of the auxiliary mooring rope 201 is not smaller than the diameter of the main buoy 100, the anti-collision floating balls 202 are of soft structures, and the density of the anti-collision floating balls 202 is smaller than that of water, so that the auxiliary mooring rope 201 and the auxiliary mooring rope itself can float on the water surface.

The auxiliary mooring cable 201 is arranged, so that the main buoy 100 and the auxiliary buoy 300 are ensured not to collide under the action of wind and waves; secondly, a safety space is reserved for the main buoy 100 to descend the profile data acquisition module 113 so as to prevent the main anchor 400 from winding; finally, the length of the anti-collision floating ball 202 after being tightly connected is slightly smaller than that of the auxiliary mooring rope 201, so that a space is reserved for connection between the auxiliary mooring rope 201 and the buoy end mooring buckles, and the two shackles are fixedly connected to two ends of the auxiliary mooring rope 201.

The auxiliary buoy 300 comprises an auxiliary buoy body 307, wherein the auxiliary buoy body 307 is provided with an auxiliary buoy small platform 301, and the auxiliary buoy small platform 301 is provided with an auxiliary buoy GPS positioning module 302, an auxiliary buoy anchor lamp 303, an auxiliary buoy control module 304 and corresponding signal antennas, so that an independently-operated positioning and warning system is formed.

The auxiliary buoy GPS positioning module 302 can collect the accurate latitude and longitude data of the auxiliary buoy 300 in real time and transmit the data to the auxiliary buoy control module 304, and the auxiliary buoy control module 304 sends the information to the data collection control module at the main buoy end in a wireless manner for standby.

A sub-buoy main frame 306 is arranged between the sub-buoy body 307 and the sub-buoy small platform 301, a sub-buoy solar panel 305 is arranged on one side of the sub-buoy main frame 306, and a plurality of sub-buoy main frames 306 are arranged to provide energy for relevant equipment of the sub-buoy 300. The sub-buoy body 307 provides sufficient buoyancy to support the upper sub-buoy body 306 and the various equipment and also to cradle the main mooring chain 402. The bottom of the auxiliary buoy body 307 is provided with a main mooring buckle 308 and an auxiliary mooring buckle 309, wherein the main mooring buckle 308 is in the middle, the auxiliary mooring buckle 309 is positioned outside, the auxiliary mooring buckle 309 is connected with one shackle of the auxiliary mooring system 200, and the other shackle of the auxiliary mooring system 200 is fixed with the mooring buckle 108.

The main anchor system 400 comprises an anchor body 401 and a main mooring chain 402, wherein the anchor body 401 is sunk into the sea floor after the whole set of system is laid, and becomes the root of the whole set of system, and when the anchor system is acted by wind, waves and currents in different directions, the anchor body 401 is used as the center of a circle to move in a certain range.

Meanwhile, the whole system also comprises a land base station display/control module and a database module. The display/control module can display the accurate longitude and latitude O of the anchoring position of the anchor body 401 of the buoy, which is the locked position when the anchor is lowered, and is a fixed value which is constant throughout the year, the longitude and latitude a of the position of the auxiliary buoy 300 (the auxiliary buoy 300 changes with the influence of the tide), and the longitude and latitude B of the main buoy 100 (the main buoy 100 changes with the influence of the tide). The display/control module may display real-time data of sensors mounted on the main buoy 100, such as weather data, hydrological data, water quality data (including but not limited to, air temperature and humidity data collected by a hygrometer, air pressure data collected by an air pressure meter, visibility data collected by a visibility meter, rainfall data collected by a rain gauge, wind speed and wind direction data collected by an anemometer, wave height, wave direction and wave period data collected by a wave meter, water temperature and salinity data collected by a hydrological sensor, turbidity and chlorophyll data collected by a water quality sensor, etc.).

The display/control module may display status information of the operating conditions of the main buoy 100 and winch system 109, such as descending, ascending, descending/ascending speed, last operating condition, voltage, etc. The display/control module may display the operating state, depth, profile data water temperature, salinity, turbidity, chlorophyll, pH, dissolved oxygen, etc. of the profile data acquisition module 113. The display/control module may remotely control whether the winch system 109 is operating and the operating speed, and may alter the winch system 109 operating parameters. The display/control module can remotely control the acquisition frequency of the profile data acquisition module. The database module can store the running state information, the observation data and the like of the whole system in a time sequence, and the display/control module can retrieve the historical data of any time point in the database. The display/control module communicates and interacts with the main buoy 100 via network signals.

In fig. 7, the positioning information of the buoy GPS positioning module 302 is sent to the buoy control module 304, where the positioning information is the latitude and longitude of point a, and the buoy control module 304 sends the positioning information to the buoy data acquisition control module through wireless communication, and meanwhile the latitude and longitude of point B of the buoy 100 collected by the buoy GPS positioning module 102 is also sent to the buoy data acquisition control module.

In addition, the longitude and latitude of the anchor point O is manually input to the main buoy data acquisition control module when the anchor is laid, and is manually received into the land base station display/control module. And judging whether the winch operates or not by the main buoy data acquisition control module according to O, A, B three-point longitude and latitude information. The land base station display/control module and the main buoy data acquisition control module are in bidirectional communication, all data acquired at the main buoy 100 end and state information are sent to the land base station display/control module in real time through the communication module, and meanwhile, the land base station display/control module can also send control commands (such as instructions for controlling the acquisition frequency of all sensors, whether the winch system 109 operates or not) to the main buoy data acquisition control module. The double arrow is representative of the possibility of bi-directional communication or control.

The dashed line in fig. 8 is a portion of the main buoy 100 that is automatically controlled, and the two-dot chain line is a portion that is manually controlled.

The application method of the unilateral anchor buoy for water body profile observation is as shown in fig. 1 and 4, and the working flow is as follows:

1. The anchor 401 has a fixed point of "O point", the latitude and longitude point of the auxiliary buoy 300 is "a point", and the latitude and longitude point of the main buoy 100 is "B point". The point O is a fixed point, namely the anchor-falling position when the buoy is laid, and the point A and the point B can correspondingly move along with natural factors such as wind, waves, currents and the like.

2. The L1 line is perpendicular to the OA, the OA is equally divided, the L2 line is parallel to the L1 line, the AB is equally divided by the L2 line, the L1 is divided into a1 area towards the O point direction, a2 area is arranged between the L1 and the L2, and the L2 is a 3 area to the right.

3. As shown in fig. 4, 5 and 6, when one direction is "O point", L1 line, a point, L2 line and B point in sequence, the safety is identified, for example, in fig. 4 and 5. When the horizontal position of point B is to the left of the L2 line, then it is identified as dangerous, as shown in fig. 6.

4. As shown in fig. 4, when the entire system is in a state where the O point is upstream, the a point is in the middle, and the B point is downstream, that is, the four states are identified as safe, and by comparing the observation data of the acoustic doppler flow profiler mounted on the main buoy 100, the flow direction of the ocean current is truly consistent with the direction from the O point to the B point (or even if the direction is deviated, the deviation may be an acute angle, as shown in fig. 5), and when the wind speed and wave height at this time satisfy the operation threshold, the system judges that the state is the "safe operation state", that is, the system controls the winch to release the profile observation module 113, and starts the profile observation operation. Thus, the profile observation module 113 can well avoid winding with the main anchor 400 when drifting downstream in the descending process, and the safety of the profile observation module is guaranteed.

The above-described problem of setting the "safe operation state" is explained in detail, including three control factors. Firstly, confirming the safety state of the point A between the point O and the point B according to longitude and latitude information, namely as shown in figures 4 and 5; second, the main buoy 100 extracts flow direction data from the sea current data observed by the acoustic doppler flow profiler, which is consistent with (or at an acute angle to) the direction of OAB, as shown in fig. 4 or 5; third, setting safe wind speed and safe wave height threshold values, namely that the current wind speed and wave height do not exceed the respective set threshold values.

When the system judges that the system is in a safe operation state, the winch system 109 is lowered to develop profile observation.

Claims

1. Single-side anchor buoy for water profile observation, comprising a main buoy (100), characterized in that: the auxiliary mooring system comprises a main buoy (100), wherein an auxiliary mooring system (200), an auxiliary buoy (300) and a main mooring system (400) are arranged on one side of the main buoy (100), the auxiliary mooring system (200) is arranged between the main buoy (100) and the auxiliary buoy (300), the auxiliary mooring system (200) prevents the main buoy (100) from colliding with the auxiliary buoy (300), the auxiliary buoy (300) is used as an independently-operated positioning warning system to ensure normal operation of a unilateral mooring structure when the main buoy (100) fails, the main mooring system (400) is arranged on one side, far away from the auxiliary mooring system (200), of the auxiliary buoy (300), the main mooring system (400) is used for anchoring the unilateral mooring structure position formed by the main buoy (100), the auxiliary mooring system (200), the auxiliary buoy (300) and the main mooring system (400), and a supporting structure (500) is arranged on the outer side of the main buoy (100).

2. A unilateral anchor buoy for water profile observation according to claim 1, wherein: the main buoy (100) comprises a buoyancy cabin (107), a working room (106) moon pool (105) is arranged at the top of the buoyancy cabin (107), a main buoy small platform (101) is arranged at the upper end of the working room (106), and a main buoy GPS positioning module (102), a main buoy anchor lamp (103) and a main buoy solar panel (104) are fixed on the main buoy small platform (101).

3. A unilateral anchor buoy for water profile observation according to claim 2, wherein: the working room (106) is provided with a moon pool (105), the lower end of the moon pool (105) is connected with seawater, one side of the working room (106) is provided with a watertight cabin door, a plurality of compartment plates are arranged in the buoyancy compartment (107) radially and circumferentially, and one side of the buoyancy compartment (107) is provided with a mooring buckle (108).

4. A unilateral anchor buoy for water profile observation according to claim 3, wherein: a winch system (109) is arranged in the main moon pool (105), a moon pool pedal (110) is arranged in the moon pool (105), the winch system (109) is fixed on the moon pool pedal (110), a tightening device (111) is arranged below the moon pool pedal (110), the moon pool pedal (110) is fixedly connected with the buoyancy cabin (107), a composite cable (112) is coiled on the winch system (109), and the lower end of the composite cable (112) is connected with a profile data acquisition module (113).

5. A unilateral anchor buoy for water profile observation according to claim 2, wherein: a water permeable well (114) is arranged on one side of the main buoyancy chamber (107), a sea apparent measuring frame (115) is arranged in the water permeable well (114), a fixed plate is fixed at the upper end of the sea surface measuring frame (115), the fixed plate is fixedly connected with the water permeable well (114), and a sea apparent measuring device (116) is arranged at the lower part of the sea surface measuring frame (115).

6. A unilateral anchor buoy for water profile observation according to claim 1, wherein: the main and auxiliary mooring system (200) comprises auxiliary mooring ropes (201) and anti-collision floating balls (202), wherein the anti-collision floating balls (202) are arranged in a plurality, and the auxiliary mooring ropes (201) penetrate through the anti-collision floating balls (202).

7. A unilateral anchor buoy for water profile observation according to claim 1, wherein: the auxiliary buoy (300) comprises an auxiliary buoy body (307), an auxiliary buoy small platform (301) is arranged on the auxiliary buoy body (307), an auxiliary buoy GPS positioning module (302), auxiliary buoy anchor lamps (303) and an auxiliary buoy control module (304) are arranged on the auxiliary buoy small platform (301), an auxiliary buoy main frame (306) is arranged between the auxiliary buoy body (307) and the auxiliary buoy small platform (301), an auxiliary buoy solar panel (305) is arranged on one side of the auxiliary buoy main frame (306), a plurality of auxiliary buoy solar panels (306) are arranged on one side of the auxiliary buoy main frame, a main mooring buckle (308) and auxiliary mooring buckles (309) are arranged at the bottom of the auxiliary buoy body (307), the auxiliary mooring buckles (309) are connected with an auxiliary mooring system (200), and the main mooring buckle (308) is connected with the main mooring system (400).

8. A unilateral anchor buoy for water profile observation according to claim 1, wherein: the utility model provides a bearing structure (500) including pneumatic cylinder (501), pneumatic cylinder (501) fixed mounting is in main buoy small platform (101) outside, and pneumatic cylinder (501) top fixed mounting has supporting shell (502), supporting shell (502) top rotation is connected with swivel mount (504), fixedly connected with a plurality of torsional springs (503) between supporting shell (502) and swivel mount (504), and swivel mount (504) outside cover is equipped with outer loop (508), fixedly connected with a plurality of connecting rods (505) between outer loop (508) and swivel mount (504), a plurality of draw-in grooves (509) and a plurality of square groove (510) have been seted up at outer loop (508) top, square groove (510) inside is provided with triangular block (511), main buoy solar panel 104 bottom fixedly connected with contact plate (512), diversion board (506) are seted up to diversion board (506) top one side.

9. A unilateral anchor buoy for water profile observation according to claim 1, wherein: the main mooring system (400) comprises an anchor body (401) and a main mooring chain (402), wherein the anchor body (401) is sunk into the sea floor, and the main mooring buckle (308) and the main mooring chain (402).

10. A method for using a unilateral anchor buoy for water profile observation, which is applicable to the unilateral anchor buoy for water profile observation according to any one of claims 1-9, and is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

Step one: the fixed point of the anchor body (401) is an O point, the longitude and latitude point of the auxiliary buoy (300) is an A point, and the longitude and latitude point of the main buoy (100) is a B point;

Step four: under the action of ocean currents, the single-side anchor structure forms a state with an O point at the upstream, an A point at the middle and a B point at the downstream, namely, the third step is to judge that the state is a safe operation state, and a winch is put down to a profile observation module (113) to start profile observation action.