CN118082322A - 人工皮革 - Google Patents

人工皮革 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN118082322A
CN118082322A CN202211422532.5A CN202211422532A CN118082322A CN 118082322 A CN118082322 A CN 118082322A CN 202211422532 A CN202211422532 A CN 202211422532A CN 118082322 A CN118082322 A CN 118082322A
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layer
fiber
artificial leather
long fiber
spun
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戴荣吉
杨合喜
苏建仲
林隆傑
张丕杰
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Kang Na Hsiung Enterprise Co Ltd
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Kang Na Hsiung Enterprise Co Ltd
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    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
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    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
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    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
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    • B32B5/08—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer the fibres or filaments of a layer being of different substances, e.g. conjugate fibres, mixture of different fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
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    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
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    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
    • D06N3/0011—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using non-woven fabrics
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    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
    • D06N3/0013—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using multilayer webs
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    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/12—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins
    • D06N3/14—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with polyurethanes
    • D06N3/145—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with polyurethanes two or more layers of polyurethanes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/02—Coating on the layer surface on fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/26—Polymeric coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0276—Polyester fibres
    • B32B2262/0284—Polyethylene terephthalate [PET] or polybutylene terephthalate [PBT]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
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Abstract

一种人工皮革，包含皮革基材、形成于所述皮革基材其中一面的水性接着层，及经由所述水性接着层贴合于所述皮革基材表面的树脂面层。所述皮革基材包括一层长纤维纺黏层，以及二层分别形成于所述长纤维纺黏层的相对两表面的短纤维梳棉层，且所述长纤维纺黏层和所述短纤维梳棉层为由聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)，及聚酰胺6(PA6)交替间隔排列而构成的橘瓣型分割纤维，使所述人工皮革具有柔软的皮革触感，并同时具有足够的机械强度。

Description

人工皮革
技术领域
本发明涉及一种皮革，特别是涉及一种人工皮革。
背景技术
相较于天然皮革，人工皮革具有质地轻盈、可加工性高，且对生态环境更为友善等优势而受到消费市场欢迎。一般人工皮革是由多个彼此交织或堆叠的纤维所构成，且依据纤维的结构态样不同可为海岛型纤维、橘瓣型纤维或是皮芯型纤维等多种不同种类的纤维结构。此外，所述纤维依据人工皮革产品特性的需求，可选自聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)、聚酰胺6(PA6)、聚氨酯(PU)，或是聚乙烯醇(PVA)等具有不同材料特性的高分子材料。
以具有海岛型纤维的人工皮革为例，可利用聚酰胺6或聚氨酯作为岛相纤维，由于岛相纤维可具有极细的纤维细度，因此可使人工皮革呈现柔软的皮革触感。然而，在人工皮革呈现柔软触感的同时，却也容易因为岛相纤维的纤维细度极细，导致机械强度不足而发生断裂，反而不利于产品的加工制程。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种人工皮革，可同时具有良好的皮革触感以及足够的机械强度。
本发明人工皮革，包含皮革基材、水性接着层，及树脂面层。
所述皮革基材包括一层长纤维纺黏层，以及二层分别形成于所述长纤维纺黏层相对两表面的短纤维梳棉层。
所述水性接着层形成于所述皮革基材的其中一表面。
所述树脂面层形成于所述水性接着层反向于所述皮革基材的一面，经由所述水性接着层与所述皮革基材贴合。
其中，所述长纤维纺黏层及所述短纤维梳棉层分别具有由聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)，及聚酰胺6(PA6)构成的橘瓣型分割纤维。
较佳地，本发明所述的人工皮革，其中，所述长纤维纺黏层及所述短纤维梳棉层的橘瓣型分割纤维分别是由多个聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯构成的PET纤维瓣，以及多个聚酰胺6构成的PA6纤维瓣交替间隔排列所构成，所述长纤维纺黏层的橘瓣型分割纤维的纤维瓣的瓣数总和介于24至128，所述短纤维梳棉层的橘瓣型分割纤维的纤维瓣的瓣数总和介于16至128。
较佳地，本发明所述的人工皮革，其中，所述短纤维梳棉层的橘瓣型分割纤维的纤维瓣的平均瓣数总和少于所述长纤维纺黏层的橘瓣型分割纤维的纤维瓣的平均瓣数总和。
较佳地，本发明所述的人工皮革，其中，所述长纤维纺黏层的聚酰胺6的体积占比介于50％至60％，所述短纤维梳棉层的聚酰胺6的体积占比介于40％至50％。
较佳地，本发明所述的人工皮革，其中，所述长纤维纺黏层选自纺黏不织布、熔喷不织布、针轧不织布，或是静电纺丝不织布。
较佳地，本发明所述的人工皮革，其中，所述短纤维梳棉层选自热风不织布、热压不织布，或是针轧不织布，并经水轧法固结形成于所述长纤维纺黏层的相对两表面。
较佳地，本发明所述的人工皮革，其中，所述皮革基材的纵向抗拉强度不小于8Kg/cm，横向抗拉强度不小于4Kg/cm。
较佳地，本发明所述的人工皮革，其中，所述短纤维梳棉层的纤维细度介于0.5D至30D，所述长纤维纺黏层的纤维细度介于0.05D至10D。
本发明的有益效果在于：利用将所述短纤维梳棉层设置于所述长纤维纺黏层的相对两表面以构成所述皮革基材，且所述长纤维纺黏层及所述短纤维梳棉层具有由聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)，及聚酰胺6(PA6)所构成的橘瓣型分割型纤维，可使所述皮革基材同时具有良好的柔软度与机械强度，并呈现良好的皮革触感。
附图说明
图1是侧视示意图，说明本发明人工皮革的实施例；
图2是剖视示意图，说明所述人工皮革的长纤维纺黏层的长纤维的剖视结构；
图3是剖视示意图，说明所述人工皮革的短纤维梳棉层的短纤维的剖视结构。
具体实施方式
在本发明被详细描述前，应当注意在以下的说明内容中，类似的组件是以相同的编号来表示。此外，要说明的是，本发明图式仅为表示组件间的结构及/或位置相对关系，与各组件的实际尺寸并不相关
参阅图1，本发明人工皮革200的实施例，包含皮革基材2、水性接着层3，及树脂面层4。
所述皮革基材2包括一层长纤维纺黏层21，以及二层分别形成于所述长纤维纺黏层21的相对两表面的短纤维梳棉层22，且所述皮革基材2的纵向(Machine direction，MD)抗拉强度不小于8Kg/cm，横向(Cross direction，CD)抗拉强度不小于4Kg/cm。
所述水性接着层3形成于所述皮革基材2的其中一表面。在本实施例中，所述水性接着层3选自阴离子水性聚氨酯树脂，是经由涂布、烘干等制程形成于所述皮革基材2表面。
所述树脂面层4形成于所述水性接着层3反向于所述皮革基材2的一面，经由所述水性接着层3与所述皮革基材2紧密地贴合。所述树脂面层4选自水溶性聚氨酯树脂，是经由涂布、烘干等制程形成于所述水性接着层3上。
由于所述水性接着层3以及所述树脂面层4皆选自水性材料，而于制程中无需使用大量的有机溶剂，不易产生污染物，而对环境友善。
具体地说，前述所述长纤维纺黏层21及所述短纤维梳棉层22分别为具有由聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)，及聚酰胺6(PA6)构成的橘瓣型分割(segment pie)纤维(如图2、图3所示)。由于所述橘瓣型分割纤维是由多个成薄平状且密集排列的纤维瓣所构成而具有良好的覆盖性，可使所述皮革基材2兼具防水性与透气性。
再参阅图2，图2为所述长纤维纺黏层21的其中一条长纤维211的剖视结构图。所述长纤维纺黏层21是由多个长纤维211构成，每一条长纤维211为橘瓣型分割纤维，具有多个聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)构成的PET纤维瓣211A，以及多个聚酰胺6(PA6)构成的PA6纤维瓣211B，且所述PET纤维瓣211A和所述PA6纤维瓣211B彼此交替间隔排列。其中，所述长纤维纺黏层21的聚酰胺6的体积占比介于50％至60％，每一条长纤维211的纤维瓣(即所述PET纤维瓣211A与所述PA6纤维瓣211B)的瓣数总和介于24至128，且纤维细度介于0.05D至10D(Denier)。较佳地，所述长纤维纺黏层21的聚酰胺6的体积占比大于聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯的体积占比，而能提升本身的韧性，呈现皮革特有的柔软触感。
在一些实施例中，所述长纤维纺黏层21依据制程方式不同，可为纺黏不织布、熔喷不织布、针轧不织布，或是静电纺丝不织布。
再配合参阅图3，图3为所述短纤维梳棉层22的其中一条短纤维221的剖视结构图。所述短纤维梳棉层22是由多个短纤维221所构成，并经由水轧法固结形成于所述长纤维纺黏层21的相对两表面。所述短纤维梳棉层22的每一条短纤维221也是由多个聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯构成的PET纤维瓣221A，及多个聚酰胺6构成的PA6纤维瓣221B交替间隔排列所构成的橘瓣型分割纤维。其中，所述短纤维梳棉层22的聚酰胺6的体积占比介于40％至50％，每一条短纤维221的纤维瓣(即所述PET纤维瓣221A与所述PA6纤维瓣221B)的瓣数总和介于16至128，纤维细度介于0.5D至30D。较佳地，所述短纤维梳棉层22的聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯的体积占比大于聚酰胺6的体积占比，而可增加所述短纤维梳棉层22本身的拉伸强度。
在一些实施例中，所述短纤维梳棉层22依据制程方式不同，可为热风不织布、热压不织布，或是针轧不织布。
较佳地，所述短纤维梳棉层22的聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯的体积占比大于所述长纤维纺黏层21的聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯的体积占比，而具有较佳的机械强度。
较佳地，任一层短纤维梳棉层22中的所述短纤维221的纤维瓣的平均瓣数总和少于所述长纤维纺黏层21中的所述长纤维211的纤维瓣的平均瓣数总和，而可具有较佳的机械强度，以对夹设其中的内里(即所述长纤维纺黏层21)提供保护作用，且因所述长纤维纺黏层21的纤维瓣的瓣数较多，因此可较为蓬松。
在一些实施例中，所述皮革基材2的构成材料(聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯及聚酰胺6)是选自回收材料，而可更具有环境友善特性。
综上所述，本发明人工皮革200利用将聚酰胺6的体积占比较高且纤维瓣的瓣数较多的所述长纤维纺黏层21设置于所述皮革基材2的内里，使所述皮革基材2具有优秀的韧性并呈现柔软的触感，将聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯的体积占比较高且纤维瓣的瓣数较少的所述短纤维梳棉层22设置于所述长纤维纺黏层21的外侧，以提升所述皮革基材2的拉伸强度，使本发明所述人工皮革200呈现柔软的皮革触感，同时保有足够的机械强度，此外，所述人工皮革200选用所述水性接着层3和由阴离子水性聚氨酯树脂构成的所述树脂面层4，可减少在制程中大量使用有机溶剂，而对环境友善，故确实可达成本发明的目的。

Claims (8)

1.一种人工皮革，其特征在于：所述人工皮革包含：
皮革基材，包括一层长纤维纺黏层，以及二层分别形成于所述长纤维纺黏层相对两表面的短纤维梳棉层；
水性接着层，形成于所述皮革基材的其中一表面；及
树脂面层，形成于所述水性接着层反向于所述皮革基材的一面，经由所述水性接着层与所述皮革基材贴合，
其中，所述长纤维纺黏层及所述短纤维梳棉层分别具有由聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯，及聚酰胺6构成的橘瓣型分割纤维。
2.根据权利要求1所述的人工皮革，其特征在于：所述长纤维纺黏层及所述短纤维梳棉层的橘瓣型分割纤维分别是由多个聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯构成的PET纤维瓣，以及多个聚酰胺6构成的PA6纤维瓣交替间隔排列所构成，所述长纤维纺黏层的橘瓣型分割纤维的纤维瓣的瓣数总和介于24至128，所述短纤维梳棉层的橘瓣型分割纤维的纤维瓣的瓣数总和介于16至128。
3.根据权利要求1所述的人工皮革，其特征在于：所述短纤维梳棉层的橘瓣型分割纤维的纤维瓣的平均瓣数总和少于所述长纤维纺黏层的橘瓣型分割纤维的纤维瓣的平均瓣数总和。
4.根据权利要求1所述的人工皮革，其特征在于：所述长纤维纺黏层的聚酰胺6的体积占比介于50％至60％，所述短纤维梳棉层的聚酰胺6的体积占比介于40％至50％。
5.根据权利要求1所述的人工皮革，其特征在于：所述长纤维纺黏层选自纺黏不织布、熔喷不织布、针轧不织布，或是静电纺丝不织布。
6.根据权利要求1所述的人工皮革，其特征在于：所述短纤维梳棉层选自热风不织布、热压不织布，或是针轧不织布，并经水轧法固结形成于所述长纤维纺黏层的相对两表面。
7.根据权利要求1所述的人工皮革，其特征在于：所述皮革基材的纵向抗拉强度不小于8Kg/cm，横向抗拉强度不小于4Kg/cm。
8.根据权利要求1所述的人工皮革，其特征在于：所述短纤维梳棉层的纤维细度介于0.5D至30D，所述长纤维纺黏层的纤维细度介于0.05D至10D。
CN202211422532.5A 2022-11-15 2022-11-15 人工皮革 Pending CN118082322A (zh)

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