CN1180751C - 椎间植入物 - Google Patents

椎间植入物 Download PDF

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CN1180751C
CN1180751C CNB998168734A CN99816873A CN1180751C CN 1180751 C CN1180751 C CN 1180751C CN B998168734 A CNB998168734 A CN B998168734A CN 99816873 A CN99816873 A CN 99816873A CN 1180751 C CN1180751 C CN 1180751C
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intervertebral implant
hollow cylinder
cylinder body
implant according
degree
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CN1367669A (zh
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��Ŭ������ɳ��
曼努埃尔·沙尔
热罗姆·伯恩哈德
康拉德·塔格威尔克
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AO Technology AG
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Synthes AG Chur
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种具有一个空心圆柱体形状的椎间植入物，它具有一个盖表面(1)、一个基表面(2)、一个带有一个外侧表面(4)和一个内侧表面(5)的空心圆柱体壁(3)，以及一个空心圆柱体中心轴线(6)。该植入物至少百分之九十五的体积由X射线通透材料组成，该材料的弹性模量为1到20Gpa。该植入物允许通过X射线进行术后观察，同时其特点是具有高度的生物适应性。

Description

椎间植入物
技术领域
本发明涉及一种如权利要求1的前序部分所述的椎间植入物。
背景技术
从DE-A 196 15 938中已知一种椎间植入物，该椎间植入物由细长金属板制成并且因此对X射线不具有通透性。
这种公知的植入物的缺点在于其对X射线的不透明性，这种不透明性使得术后对椎骨体合并情况的观察成为不可能。
从US-A-5 192 327 BRANTIGAN中已知一种由碳纤维强化塑料制造的相应类型的椎间植入物。该植入物的缺点是由于塑料的强化，该植入物的弹性性能与其周围的骨头的弹性性能不一致。
发明内容
本发明意在纠正上述缺点。因此本发明的一个目的是提供一种椎间植入物，该椎间植入物允许通过X射线进行术后观察，同时其特点是具有高度的生物适应性。
本发明通过一种具有权利要求1所述特征的椎间植入物而实现了所述的目的。此外X射线通透材料的相对较低的弹性模量通常还有利于骨头理想地生长在所述植入物上。
适当的X射线通透材料包括例如聚醚醚酮(Polyetheretherketone)(PEEK)，超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)或聚砜(PSU)，特别是那种弹性模量为3到5GPa的材料。
根据本发明的一个优选的改进，该椎间植入物至少带一个由对X射线不透明的材料制成的标记，该标记的体积最多占椎间植入物的总体积的百分之五。这样尽管有新骨的生长，也能在X射线照片中表明植入物的位置。该标记最好由钛或钽制成，并且为小销或小球的形状。
根据本发明的一个优选的改进，盖表面和基表面都带有一个三维尺寸的结构表面，最好是规则配置，例如为球缺形布置的齿的形状。
优选的形式是，盖表面和基表面相互配置成楔形，其楔形的角度例如为10到20度。
根据本发明的一个优选的改进，盖表面和/或基表面可以带一个或多个朝着空心圆柱体轴线的导向槽口。从该空心圆柱体轴线(6)处看，这些导向槽口最好配置成45度±15度的角度。
空心圆柱体的盖表面DF与其内侧表面所确定的空心圆柱体部分的自由横截表面FQF之比DF/FQF应该适当地在0.5到1.6的范围内。
根据本发明的另一个优选的改进，该空心圆柱体的壁有一个朝着该空心圆柱体轴线并且从盖表面延伸到基表面的凹槽。在其较高的一侧，空心圆柱体壁最好有一个平行于空心圆柱体轴线并且从盖表面达到基表面的分隔狭缝，该分隔狭缝使该植入物有U形的形状。从空心圆柱体轴线处看，凹槽最好被配置在空心圆柱体壁上与分隔狭缝相对的一侧。
后凹槽使该植入物适当地坐落在椎骨体的终板上。这样，就可能获得高度的基本稳定性。如此达到的配合精度有助于防止植入物侧向位移。
分隔狭缝促使椎骨体的终板上的骨头尽可能迅速地从前侧长入到植入物中。另外，分隔狭缝可以在原地被填充(例如由骨头片填充)。优选的形式是，分隔狭缝的宽度为6到10mm。
根据本发明的进一步的改进，外侧表面上带有一个或多个夹持槽口，这些槽口与空心圆柱体轴线呈直角地延伸，并且距盖表面和基表面有相等的距离。优选的形式是，包括几个槽口，从凹槽处看，这些槽口偏置了90度和/或240度。特别有利的是还提供另外两个偏置180度并且通到分隔狭缝的槽口。
根据本发明的进一步改进，空心圆柱体壁上带有一些孔，这些孔形如圆孔、狭缝或长孔。从凹槽处看，这些孔被配置成0度、90度或240度。
对于在脊柱腰椎段内的应用，该椎间植入物的高度最好在12到23mm范围内；对于在脊柱颈椎段内的应用，其高度应在4.5到12.5mm范围内。
对于用于脊柱腰椎段的植入物，从空心圆柱体中心轴线向外测量，其外侧表面延伸的最大距离最好为14到18mm。
对于用于脊柱颈椎段的植入物，从空心圆柱体中心轴线向外测量，其外侧表面延伸的最大距离最好为5.5到9.5mm。
附图说明
下面，将参考一个实施例的局部示意性示图，对本发明及其改进进行更详细的描述。
在图中：
图1是椎间植入物的透视图；和
图2是图1所示椎间植入物的侧视图。
具体实施方式
图1和图2所示的椎间植入物具有一个空心的圆柱体的形状。它具有一个盖表面1、一个基表面2、一个包括一个外侧表面4和一个内侧表面5的空心圆柱体壁3，以及一个空心圆柱体中心轴线6。
该植入物至少有百分之九十五的体积由X射线通透材料如PEEK(聚芳基醚酮polyaryletherketones)组成。所用的材料具有的弹性模量必须在1到20GPa之间。最好该弹性模量在3到5GPa之间。
该椎间植入物还带有三个由对X射线不透明的材料(钛或钽)制成的标记(图中没有显示)，这三个标记总共的体积最多占所说椎间植入物的体积的百分之五。作为总体积(100％)应理解为由椎间植入物的材料所占的体积，排除由植入物所包围的空心空间。
植入物的盖表面1和基表面2都带有一个三维尺寸的结构表面10，该结构表面10由一些规则配置在一个球缺中的齿构成。植入物的球缺形配置的齿(再加上植入物的楔形形状)使盖表面和基表面成为弯曲部分，这反过来又使得植入物最适当地座落于椎骨体的终板上。
如图2可见，盖表面1和基表面2相互配置成楔形，形成了一个大约为10到20度的角度。
在盖表面1和基表面2上，植入物带有几个侧向的和前侧向的导向槽口11，这些槽口朝着空心圆柱体轴线6。这些导向槽口用于通过牵引设备的刀片，将植入物插入到扩张的椎间腔中。偏置的成对槽口允许植入物从侧向、前侧向和前面插入。
从空心圆柱体轴线6处看，导向槽口11偏置45度±15度。
从图1中可见，在空心圆柱体壁3上带有一个朝着空心圆柱体轴线6并且从盖表面1延伸到基表面2的后凹槽9。在其较高的(前面的)一侧，该空心圆柱体壁3上有一个分隔狭缝7，该分隔狭缝7平行于空心圆柱体轴线6并且从盖表面1延伸到基表面2，该分隔狭缝使该植入物有U形的形状。从空心圆柱体轴线6处看，该凹槽9配置在空心圆柱体壁3上与分隔狭缝相对的一侧。
外侧表面4上带有两个侧夹持槽口8，这些槽口与空心圆柱体轴线呈直角地延伸，并且距盖表面1和基表面2有相等的距离。从凹槽9处看，夹持槽口8偏置90度和240度。
另外，还包括两个附加的前夹持槽口8，这些槽口偏置180度并且通到分隔狭缝7。
夹持槽口的功能是，一方面避免在植入物保持装置上的轴向扭转，另一方面为该设备提供了平面接触表面。
该空心圆柱体壁3带有至少一个椭圆形孔12，从凹槽9处看，该孔12偏置90度。

Claims (27)

1.一种空心圆柱体形的椎间植入物，它具有一个盖表面(1)、一个基表面(2)、一个带有一个外侧表面(4)和一个内侧表面(5)的空心圆柱体壁(3)，以及一个空心圆柱体中心轴线(6)，该植入物的至少百分之九十五的体积由X射线通透材料组成，其特征在于：该植入物由具有1到20GPa的弹性模量的材料组成。
2.根据权利要求1的椎间植入物，其特征在于：植入物由具有3到5GPa的弹性模量的材料组成。
3.根据权利要求1或2的椎间植入物，其特征在于：该植入物带有至少一个由对X射线不透明的材料制成的标记。
4.根据权利要求3的椎间植入物，其特征在于：该至少一个的标记的总体积最多占所说椎间植入物的体积的百分之五。
5.根据权利要求1或2的椎间植入物，其特征在于：盖表面(1)和基表面(2)带有一个三维尺寸的结构表面(10)。
6.根据权利要求5的椎间植入物，其特征在于：该三维尺寸的结构表面(10)由一些最好是以规则形式配置的齿组成。
7.根据权利要求5的椎间植入物，其特征在于：该三维尺寸的结构表面(10)由一些球缺形式配置的齿组成。
8.根据权利要求1或2的椎间植入物，其特征在于：盖表面(1)和基表面(2)相互配置为楔形。
9.根据权利要求8的椎间植入物，其特征在于：盖表面(1)相对于基表面(2)形成10到20度的角度。
10.根据权利要求1或2的椎间植入物，其特征在于：X射线通透材料是从聚芳基醚酮(Polyaryletherketone)族中选择出来的。
11.根据权利要求1或2的椎间植入物，其特征在于：盖表面(1)和/或基表面(2)带有一个或几个朝着空心圆柱体轴线(6)的导向槽口(11)。
12.根据权利要求11的椎间植入物，其特征在于：从空心圆柱体轴线(6)处看，导向槽口(11)偏置45度±15度的角度。
13.根据权利要求1或2的椎间植入物，其特征在于：空心圆柱体的盖表面(1)DF与其内侧表面(5)所确定的空心圆柱体部分的自由横截表面FQF之比DF/FQF应该适当地在0.5到1.6的范围内。
14.根据权利要求1或2的椎间植入物，其特征在于：空心圆柱体壁(3)带有一个朝向空心圆柱体轴线(6)并且从盖表面(1)延伸到基表面(2)的凹槽(9)。
15.根据权利要求8的椎间植入物，其特征在于：在其较高一侧，该空心圆柱体壁(3)上有一个分隔狭缝(7)，该分隔狭缝(7)平行于空心圆柱体轴线(6)并且从盖表面(1)延伸至基表面(2)，该分隔狭缝使该植入物具有U形形状。
16.根据权利要求14的椎间植入物，其特征在于：从空心圆柱体轴线(6)处看，凹槽(9)配置在空心圆柱体壁(3)上与分隔狭缝(7)相对的一侧。
17.根据权利要求1或2的椎间植入物，其特征在于：外侧表面(4)带有一个或几个夹持槽口(8)，这些槽口(8)与空心圆柱体轴线(6)呈直角地延伸，并且距盖表面(1)和基表面(2)有相等的距离。
18.根据权利要求17的椎间植入物，其特征在于：还包括几个夹持槽口(8)，从凹槽(9)处看，这些槽口(8)偏置90度和/或240度。
19.根据权利要求17的椎间植入物，其特征在于：还包括另外两个夹持槽口(8)，这两个夹持槽口(8)偏置180度并且通到分隔狭缝(7)。
20.根据权利要求1或2的椎间植入物，其特征在于：空心圆柱体壁(3)上带有一些孔(12)。
21.根据权利要求20的椎间植入物，其特征在于：所述的孔(12)形如圆孔、狭缝或长孔。
22.根据权利要求21的椎间植入物，其特征在于：从凹槽(9)处看，所述孔(12)偏置0度、90度或240度。
23.根据权利要求1或2的椎间植入物，其特征在于：其高度在12到23mm的范围内。
24.根据权利要求1或2的椎间植入物，其特征在于：其高度在4.5到12.5mm的范围内。
25.根据权利要求1或2的椎间植入物，其特征在于：从空心圆柱体中心轴线(6)向外测量，其外侧表面(4)延伸的最大距离为14到18mm。
26.根据权利要求1或2的椎间植入物，其特征在于：从空心圆柱体中心轴线(6)向外测量，其外侧表面(4)延伸的量大距离为5.5到9.5mm。
27.根据权利要求1或2的椎间植入物，其特征在于：所述的X射线通透材料是从聚醚醚酮(PEEK)族、超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)或聚砜(PSU)中选择出来的。
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EP1207821A1 (de) 2002-05-29
AU754038B2 (en) 2002-10-31
JP2003508119A (ja) 2003-03-04
CN1367669A (zh) 2002-09-04
HK1043298A1 (en) 2002-09-13
US7303583B1 (en) 2007-12-04
DK1207821T3 (da) 2004-11-01
HK1043298B (zh) 2004-12-24
AU5856299A (en) 2001-03-26
PT1207821E (pt) 2004-12-31
WO2001015637A1 (de) 2001-03-08
ATE272373T1 (de) 2004-08-15
CA2405259C (en) 2005-12-06
DE59910154D1 (de) 2004-09-09
CA2405259A1 (en) 2001-03-08
JP4883860B2 (ja) 2012-02-22
EP1207821B1 (de) 2004-08-04
ES2224695T3 (es) 2005-03-01

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