CN118050536A - Three-stage filtering jet flow speed measuring device and method based on passive radiation - Google Patents
Three-stage filtering jet flow speed measuring device and method based on passive radiation Download PDFInfo
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- CN118050536A CN118050536A CN202410255767.2A CN202410255767A CN118050536A CN 118050536 A CN118050536 A CN 118050536A CN 202410255767 A CN202410255767 A CN 202410255767A CN 118050536 A CN118050536 A CN 118050536A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-level filtering jet flow speed measuring device and method based on passive radiation, which can realize high-precision speed measurement with lower cost; the device is simple and easy to lay on site: the early-stage equipment debugging work is completed in a laboratory, and the equipment is only required to be placed on two sides of a ballistic line on site, and the power supply is turned on by vertically aligning the ballistic line; the three-stage slit filtering mode greatly filters the interference of explosion fire light and has great advantages for the test of the jet flow strong illuminant; the whole system has less cost, only the price of the high-speed photoelectric detector is slightly high, and compared with the high-speed photography speed measurement, the X-ray imaging speed measurement is greatly reduced; the relation of the width and the length between the slits is adjustable, and the device can realize a large field of view according to the calculation formula of small hole imaging; can adapt to different using distances: the circuit of the equipment is provided with different gains, so that reliable detection of different distances can be realized; the response speed is high: the response time of the high-speed photoelectric detector used by the device is ns-level, and the speed measurement can be more accurate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of weapon parameter photoelectric testing, and particularly relates to a three-stage filtering jet flow speed measuring device and method based on passive radiation.
Background
Because of the factors of high energy-gathering jet flow speed, strong penetration capability, fuzzy jet flow boundary, extremely uneven fluid momentum distribution and the like, the conventional optical speed measuring system cannot effectively detect the jet flow due to the high radiation brightness of the jet flow. For the jet velocity test, there are mainly an electric probe method, a high-speed photography method and a flash X-ray method.
The electric probe method is divided into a breakdown type electric probe and a metal wire contact type electric probe, wherein the breakdown type electric probe method adopts copper foil and the like as marking points (electric probes) for sectioning velocity measurement, and jet head velocity in a section is obtained by recording the passing time point of the jet head. An electric probe is inserted between every two sections for measuring the arrival time of penetration array face, and the whole system is formed from a pile of target plates which are overlapped together, and the electric probes are separated between target plates, and every electric probe is formed from two aluminium foils, between which capacitor paper is sandwiched for insulation, and two external sides of said electric probe are covered with capacitor paper, and a protecting plate is placed between target plate and explosive charge so as to prevent quick fragments or detonation products from making contact with electric probe. When the incident jet reaches each probe, the electrode is connected and a signal is generated, the signal is recorded by the oscilloscope as the time of the jet reaching the target plate, so that the penetration speed can be obtained by the arrival time and the distance between the measuring points, the speed measuring device has a simple structure, the equipment is easy to set, but the physical structure of the probe is changed because the shock wave generated by the jet reaches the probe in advance. The speed results of the high oscillation area and the fluctuation area measured by the electric probe velocimetry cannot reflect the actual jet flow behavior, are often suitable for occasions with low requirements on velocimetry precision, and can only measure the jet flow head speed.
The high-speed photography adopts means such as visible light or X-ray to shoot the forming process of the energy-gathering jet flow, obtain clear pictures of the jet flow at different times, compare static calibration objects, and finally obtain the jet flow speed. An orthogonal or non-orthogonal camera array can be used to calculate the three-dimensional parameters such as jet length and penetration depth. The high-speed camera equipment is expensive, complex in configuration, difficult in calibration and the like, is often suitable for basic research in a laboratory, and is not suitable for conventional testing and experiment.
The electric probe speed measuring method has low precision, the X-ray speed measuring method has expensive equipment and complex configuration, and is not suitable for routine experiments; high-speed photography speed measuring equipment is expensive, and equipment protection in an explosion field is difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention aims to provide the three-stage filtering jet flow speed measuring device based on passive radiation, which can realize high-precision speed measurement with lower cost.
A three-level filtering jet flow speed measuring device based on passive radiation comprises a protective shell, two sets of three-level slit diaphragm structures, two sets of photoelectric detectors and two sets of signal acquisition conditioning modules;
The protective shell is of a closed cuboid structure, and a protective baffle plate parallel to the side plates is arranged in the protective shell to divide the protective shell into two closed spaces; two primary slit diaphragms are arranged on one side plate of the protective shell at a certain distance, two secondary slit diaphragms are arranged on the protective partition plate, and two tertiary slit diaphragms are arranged on the other side plate of the protective shell, so that two sets of tertiary slit diaphragm structures are formed; in each set of three-level slit diaphragms, the slits of the first-level slit diaphragm, the second-level slit diaphragm and the third-level slit diaphragm are aligned, and the lengths of the slits are gradually reduced;
A set of photoelectric detectors are respectively arranged on the light-emitting sides of the two three-stage slit diaphragms, so that two detection screens with fixed distances are formed, and the target detection screens are started and stopped; the explosion fire light of the jet flow is received by the two three-stage slit diaphragm structures in sequence, the light intensity is limited, and then the explosion fire light is received by the two photoelectric detectors to obtain a target passing signal; the two sets of signal acquisition conditioning modules respectively acquire and process target passing signals for starting and stopping the target detection curtain, and jet flow speed is calculated and obtained.
Preferably, the slit width required by each level of diaphragm is calculated according to the required detection view field and detection curtain thickness when the test is carried out.
A speed measuring method of a three-stage filtering jet flow speed measuring device based on passive radiation comprises the following steps:
after the jet armor breaking bomb is deployed, the three-stage filtering jet velocity measuring device is placed on one side or two sides of a trajectory line path, so that the optical axis of the three-stage filtering jet velocity measuring device is vertical to the jet trajectory line; after the warhead explodes, jet flow is generated to pass through a target detection curtain starting and target detection curtain stopping light curtain which are parallel to each other, so that the luminous flux in the field is changed; the signal acquisition conditioning module acquires two target passing signals respectively, and obtains the final jet target passing speed according to a time interval T between two target passing signal waveform peaks and a distance S between two detection curtains by a formula V=S/T.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
Simple on-site layout: the early-stage equipment debugging work is completed in a laboratory, and the equipment is only required to be placed on two sides of the ballistic line on site, and the power supply is turned on by vertically aligning the ballistic line.
Explosion fire light interference is prevented: the three-stage slit filtering mode greatly filters the interference of explosion fire light and has great advantages for the test of the jet flow strong luminophor.
The cost is low: the whole system has less cost, only the price of the high-speed photoelectric detector is slightly high, and compared with the high-speed photography speed measurement, the X-ray imaging speed measurement method has the advantage that the cost is greatly reduced.
Large detection field of view: the relation of the width and the length of the slits is adjustable, and the device can realize a large field of view according to the calculation formula of small hole imaging.
Can adapt to different using distances: the device circuit is provided with different gains, so that reliable detection of different distances can be realized.
The response speed is high: the response time of the high-speed photoelectric detector used by the device is ns-level, and the speed measurement can be more accurate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle and composition of a frame type jet velocity measurement system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a testing apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a typical over-target signal;
FIG. 4 is a three-stage slit schematic;
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the field layout of a test apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The device comprises a 1-primary slit, a 2-secondary slit, a 3-tertiary slit, a 4-photoelectric detector, a 5-protective shell, a 6-connecting structure and a 7-interface panel.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention relates to a three-stage filtering jet flow velocity measuring device based on passive radiation, which is shown in figure 1, and utilizes a three-stage slit diaphragm and high-speed photoelectric detector structure to generate two detection curtains which are parallel to each other and have determined distance, so as to jointly form a set of interception device comprising a target detection curtain starting device and a target detection curtain stopping device. When the jet flows pass through the target detection curtain and the target detection curtain above the jet flow testing host machine in sequence, the light of the jet flow is received by the receiving optical system, and the changed luminous flux is subjected to photoelectric detection to form two jet flow target passing signals. And processing data of the two jet flow target passing signals to obtain jet flow speed so as to realize real-time, non-contact, repeatable and all-weather photoelectric test of the jet flow flying speed.
As shown in fig. 2, the jet velocity measuring device comprises a protective shell, two sets of three-level slit diaphragm structures, two sets of photoelectric detectors and two sets of signal acquisition conditioning modules.
The protective shell is of a closed cuboid structure, and a protective baffle plate parallel to the side plates is arranged in the protective shell to divide the protective shell into two closed spaces; two primary slit diaphragms are arranged on one side plate of the protective shell at a certain distance, two secondary slit diaphragms are arranged on the protective partition plate, and two tertiary slit diaphragms are arranged on the other side plate of the protective shell, so that two sets of tertiary slit diaphragm structures are formed.
The light-emitting sides of the two three-stage slit diaphragms are respectively provided with a set of photoelectric detectors, which are equivalent to forming two detection screens with fixed distances, and starting and stopping the target detection screens. The explosion fire light of the jet flow is received by the two three-stage slit diaphragm structures in sequence, the light intensity is limited, and then the explosion fire light is received by the two photoelectric detectors to obtain a target passing signal; the two sets of signal acquisition conditioning modules respectively acquire and process target passing signals for starting and stopping the target detection curtain, and jet flow speed is calculated and obtained.
The invention adopts a three-stage slit filtering technology, and solves the problems of strong jet self-radiation and interference of explosion fire light.
In each set of three-level slit diaphragms, the slits of the first-level slit diaphragm, the second-level slit diaphragm and the third-level slit diaphragm are aligned, and the lengths of the slits are gradually reduced.
The thickness of the system detection curtain can be adjusted through the width adjustment of the slit, and the detection view angle can be adjusted through the length adjustment of the slit. The first-stage slit mainly cuts down the influence of explosion fire light and ambient light to form a darkroom between the first-stage slit and the second-stage slit, and the second-stage slit and the third-stage slit limit the thickness and the width of the detection curtain face according to the small hole imaging principle.
Wherein, the two-stage diaphragm can fix the thickness of the detection curtain and the size of the detection view field, and fig. 4 is a three-stage diaphragm light path diagram, d is the thickness of the detection curtain calculated according to the first-stage diaphragm and the third-stage diaphragm. L is the distance between the equipment and the ballistic line, h is the distance between the first-stage diaphragm and the third-stage diaphragm, a, b and c are the slit widths of the first, second and third-stage diaphragms respectively, the detector is closely attached to the third-stage diaphragm, and the detector width is larger than the distance between the third-stage diaphragms.
The relation between the thickness of the detection curtain surface and the width of the slit formed by each level of diaphragm is as follows:
when the test is carried out, the slit width required by each level of diaphragms can be calculated according to the required detection view field and the detection curtain thickness.
Examples:
as shown in the figure: the jet armor breaking bomb is placed on the bracket, and the velocity measuring equipment is placed on two sides of the trajectory line path, so that the optical axis of the equipment is required to be ensured to be perpendicular to the jet trajectory line for measurement.
1. The jet flow is sprung and placed on a bracket;
2. placing the device on both sides of the ballistic wire and vertically aligning the ballistic wire;
3. In an explosion field, a sand bag or a steel plate can be placed in the system according to field conditions to protect equipment;
4. Connecting a power supply to connect acquisition and storage, and setting a triggering mode;
5. After the cloth yard is completed, the system is electrified, the speed measuring system generates two parallel detection curtain surfaces, and after the warhead explodes, jet flow is generated to pass through the two parallel light curtains, so that the luminous flux in the yard is changed;
6. The acquisition system generates two target passing signal waveforms, as shown in fig. 3, according to the time interval T between the two waveform peaks, the distance between the two detection curtains is S, and the final jet target passing speed is obtained by the formula v=s/T.
In summary, the above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The three-level filtering jet flow speed measuring device based on passive radiation is characterized by comprising a protective shell, two sets of three-level slit diaphragm structures, two sets of photoelectric detectors and two sets of signal acquisition conditioning modules;
The protective shell is of a closed cuboid structure, and a protective baffle plate parallel to the side plates is arranged in the protective shell to divide the protective shell into two closed spaces; two primary slit diaphragms are arranged on one side plate of the protective shell at a certain distance, two secondary slit diaphragms are arranged on the protective partition plate, and two tertiary slit diaphragms are arranged on the other side plate of the protective shell, so that two sets of tertiary slit diaphragm structures are formed; in each set of three-level slit diaphragms, the slits of the first-level slit diaphragm, the second-level slit diaphragm and the third-level slit diaphragm are aligned, and the lengths of the slits are gradually reduced;
A set of photoelectric detectors are respectively arranged on the light-emitting sides of the two three-stage slit diaphragms, so that two detection screens with fixed distances are formed, and the target detection screens are started and stopped; the explosion fire light of the jet flow is received by the two three-stage slit diaphragm structures in sequence, the light intensity is limited, and then the explosion fire light is received by the two photoelectric detectors to obtain a target passing signal; the two sets of signal acquisition conditioning modules respectively acquire and process target passing signals for starting and stopping the target detection curtain, and jet flow speed is calculated and obtained.
2. The three-stage filtering jet flow velocity measuring device based on passive radiation as set forth in claim 1, wherein the slit width required by each stage of diaphragms is calculated according to the required detection view field and detection curtain thickness when the test is carried out.
3. A method of measuring velocity of a passive radiation based three-stage filter jet velocimetry apparatus as claimed in claim 1 or 2, comprising:
after the jet armor breaking bomb is deployed, the three-stage filtering jet velocity measuring device is placed on one side or two sides of a trajectory line path, so that the optical axis of the three-stage filtering jet velocity measuring device is vertical to the jet trajectory line; after the warhead explodes, jet flow is generated to pass through a target detection curtain starting and target detection curtain stopping light curtain which are parallel to each other, so that the luminous flux in the field is changed; the signal acquisition conditioning module acquires two target passing signals respectively, and obtains the final jet target passing speed according to a time interval T between two target passing signal waveform peaks and a distance S between two detection curtains by a formula V=S/T.
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| CN202410255767.2A CN118050536A (en) | 2024-03-06 | 2024-03-06 | Three-stage filtering jet flow speed measuring device and method based on passive radiation |
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