CN118043287A - Method for manufacturing device for producing glass or basalt fiber - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing device for producing glass or basalt fiber Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN118043287A CN118043287A CN202380013791.9A CN202380013791A CN118043287A CN 118043287 A CN118043287 A CN 118043287A CN 202380013791 A CN202380013791 A CN 202380013791A CN 118043287 A CN118043287 A CN 118043287A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- spinneret
- gold
- platinum
- rhodium
- glass
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 229920002748 Basalt fiber Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 5
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229920001800 Shellac Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- ZLGIYFNHBLSMPS-ATJNOEHPSA-N shellac Chemical compound OCCCCCC(O)C(O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O.C1C23[C@H](C(O)=O)CCC2[C@](C)(CO)[C@@H]1C(C(O)=O)=C[C@@H]3O ZLGIYFNHBLSMPS-ATJNOEHPSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229940113147 shellac Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000013874 shellac Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004208 shellac Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910000629 Rh alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- PXXKQOPKNFECSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum rhodium Chemical compound [Rh].[Pt] PXXKQOPKNFECSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001260 Pt alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- JUWSSMXCCAMYGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold platinum Chemical compound [Pt].[Au] JUWSSMXCCAMYGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910001020 Au alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000003353 gold alloy Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- SYTIQXASYKJXRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Au].[Rh].[Pt] Chemical compound [Au].[Rh].[Pt] SYTIQXASYKJXRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000156 glass melt Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 Platinum Metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007380 fibre production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011344 liquid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006060 molten glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011214 refractory ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012031 short term test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000859 sublimation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008022 sublimation Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/08—Bushings, e.g. construction, bushing reinforcement means; Spinnerettes; Nozzles; Nozzle plates
- C03B37/09—Bushings, e.g. construction, bushing reinforcement means; Spinnerettes; Nozzles; Nozzle plates electrically heated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/08—Bushings, e.g. construction, bushing reinforcement means; Spinnerettes; Nozzles; Nozzle plates
- C03B37/095—Use of materials therefor
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Surface Treatment Of Glass Fibres Or Filaments (AREA)
- Inorganic Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention can be used in the metallurgical industry for manufacturing devices for producing glass or basalt fibres. Reducing fiber melt leakage onto the outer surface of the spinneret/spinneret zone and reducing capillary breakage and increasing fiber yield is achieved by: a shellac protective coating is applied to the inner surface of the spinneret bottom, having a thickness of at least 10 μm, and a metal layer containing 99.9% gold, or a binary platinum gold alloy layer containing at least 0.1% gold, or a platinum rhodium gold alloy layer containing at least 0.1% gold and rhodium, having a thickness of at least 0.1 μm, is applied to the outer surface of the bottom, and the metal layer is subsequently sintered at a temperature of 500-1850 ℃.
Description
Technical Field
The invention can be used in the metallurgical industry.
Background
Spinneret (spinnerets) -particularly high strength dies (plates, tips) with aligned openings (calibrated openings) arranged in a sequence. Spinnerets are used to divide a stream of liquid material (solution or melt) into individual globular droplets, drawn into individual fibers therefrom, and then joined into yarns or bundles.
Wicking of glass or basalt melt from the bottom of a spinneret feeder (wicking) typically occurs during the production of glass or basalt fibers. Wicking at the bottom of the spinneret results in damage to the normal fiber formation pattern, reduced fiber quality and operational yield of the device, and in some cases, may require disassembly of the device to clean the submerged spinneret bottom. Using the proposed invention makes it possible to: the wettability of glass and basalt melt to the outer surface of the spinneret zone is obviously reduced; the capillary fracture of the fiber is reduced by 20-30%; the quality of the fiber is improved; fibers with very high wettability for platinum-based alloys were obtained from new types of glass and basalt, which were previously unavailable due to spinneret zone wicking of oxide melts.
It is known from literature that gold and its alloys are wetted by certain glass melts to a lesser extent than platinum, palladium and platinum rhodium alloys [Rytvin E.I.Platinovye metally i splavy v proizvodstve steklyannogo volokna.Moscow:Himiya Publ.,1974,261p.(, see pages 209-216. The capillary edge angle θ formed by the solid surface at the three-phase (third phase is gas) contact point and the droplet surface tangent (see fig. 3) is used as a criterion for wettability. As the value of θ decreases, wettability increases. In article [Rytvin E.I.Svojstva i primenenie platinovyh splavov vproizvodstve steklyannogo volokna.Moscow:VNIISPV Publ.,1973,150p.(, see pages 125-133), it is shown that if the spinneret is made of a material having an oxide melt wetting angle of at least 60-70 deg., no wicking of the spinneret occurs. Platinum-based alloys with gold contents up to 5% are most suitable for this condition. However, a side effect of spinnerets made from such alloys is that the wettability of the oxide melt to its inner surface is low, which impedes passage of the melt through the spinneret, thereby reducing the throughput of the device. In addition, it was found in short term tests without wicking that spinnerets made from platinum rhodium alloys with rhodium content of 3-20% and wet edge angle less than 40 ° had the highest throughput (flow rate) over 2-3 times the flow rate of spinnerets made from platinum-based alloys with gold content up to 5% and wet edge angle no less than 60-70 °.
In view of the above, attempts have been made to manufacture spinnerets made from gold-containing alloys in order to reduce wicking and fiber breakage. Methods for manufacturing the bottom of a spinneret feeder from platinum rhodium alloys with additions of 3-10% gold [ TU 1995-117-00196533-2010, technical articles of noble metals and alloys thereof ], which reduce the wettability of glass and basalt melts, are well known. The main disadvantages of such gold-containing alloys are the low processability and difficult deformation, the brittle fracture during the production of the rolled product, and the cracking [Dmitriev V.A.Vysokotemperaturnoe razrushenie platinovyh metallov i splavov.Moscow:Izdatel'skij dom"Ruda i metally"Publ.,2003,176p.( during the welding of the sheet parts, see pages 69-74, and the reduced flow rate during the production of the fibres due to the low wettability of the oxide melt to the inner surface of the spinneret (see above).
A disadvantage of using platinum-based dispersion-hardened alloys (disperse-hardened alloys) with gold content up to 5% for making such alloys in the spinneret zone [A.E.Heywood and R.A.Benedek,Dispersion Strengthened Gold-Platinum,Platinum Metals Review,September 2010,pp.98-103]. is the difficulty of deformation, formation of cold cracks and delamination during the manufacture of the sheet and spinneret zone, and formation of hot cracks and microcracks in the vicinity of the weld seam during product operation due to gold diffusion to grain boundaries (Rehbinder effect), in order to simultaneously improve the mechanical properties of the alloy and reduce the wettability of the glass and basalt melt.
There is also a method of making a welded two-layer spinneret (see fig. 4) having an inner layer made of a platinum-rhodium alloy and an outer layer [Rytvin E.I.Svojstva i primenenie platinovyh splavov v proizvodstve steklyannogo volokna.Moscow:VNIISPV Publ.,1973,150p.( made of a gold-containing (or pure gold) alloy (see pages 125-133). A disadvantage of this method is that the formation of cracks tends to increase in the weld vicinity near the tubular spinneret welded to the spinneret by the girth weld. This occurs because the metallographic phase is surface active for platinum alloys. During spinneret welding, the molten gold can cause brittle fracture [Dmitriev V.A.Vysokotemperaturnoe razrushenie platinovyh metallov i splavov.Moscow:Izdatel'skij dom"Ruda i metally"Publ.,2003,176p.( of the solid platinum alloy in the vicinity of the weld seam, see pages 69-74, due to Rehbinder effect.
Closest to the claimed solution is a spinneret feeder (RU 2167835) for producing continuous fibers from a rock melt, comprising a housing, a spinneret with a spinneret, a fluid lead, which is equipped with a sub-spinneret cooler. On the spinneret, two rows of spinnerets should be longitudinally aligned with respect to the long side of the spinneret feeder at a pitch of 10-30mm to provide at least one mounting body for the water driven support cooling elements in the form of tubes of different profiles. The spinneret should have a longitudinally reinforced V-shaped or U-shaped element with its top located at a distance of 5-20mm from the spinneret surface and the support elements of the sub-spinneret coolers should be made of refractory ceramic. At this time, the number of supporting cooling elements should be three or more, and two edge cooling elements are installed at the periphery. However, when using the prototype described above, the wicking of the glass melt by the spinneret surface still occurs significantly.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of the present invention to make a glass melting apparatus that operates according to the melter and spinneret feeder principles with reduced wicking of glass or basalt melt by the spinneret outer surface and spinneret area. The technical effect is that the wicking action of the outer spinneret surface/spinneret zone of the melting device on the fiber melt is reduced. Technical effects also include reduced capillary break and increased fiber yield.
The key to the process to be protected is to apply a shellac (shellac ) protective coating of at least 10 microns in thickness on the inner surface of the spinneret bottom, and to apply a metal layer containing 99.9% gold, or a binary platinum alloy layer having a gold content of at least 0.1%, or a platinum rhodium alloy layer having gold and rhodium contents of at least 0.1%, on the outer surface of the spinneret bottom, the metal layer being subsequently sintered at a temperature of 500-1850 ℃.
The shellac protective coating is applied as a uniform solid layer to eliminate or reduce contact of the gold-containing coating with the inner surface of the spinneret bottom because penetration of the gold-containing material into the inner surface of the spinneret bottom can cause difficulty in passing molten glass or basalt through the spinneret, thereby reducing device throughput.
In order to fix the low wetting coating on the outer surface of the spinneret bottom, high temperature sintering should be performed at a temperature of 500-1850 ℃ because rhodium will oxidize at lower temperatures, while sintering at temperatures exceeding the operating temperature is not suitable because severe sublimation (evaporation) of the coating can occur, which can lead to a reduction in the thickness of the coating or complete removal of the coating. The use of platinum and rhodium in the gold-containing material can improve the heat resistance of the coating at product operating temperatures of 500-1850 ℃.
The fiber production apparatus includes a vessel having a spinneret zone.
In one embodiment of the apparatus, the vessel is provided in the form of a spinneret of a melting apparatus.
In one embodiment, the spinneret can comprise 2 to 8000 holes.
In one embodiment, the device and its components may be made of any materials known in the art to withstand the operation of a melting device, in any parameters and proportions.
In one embodiment, a spinneret feeder or melter may be used as the melting device.
Detailed Description
Example 1. A shellac protective coating was applied to the inner surface of the bottom of the spinneret. A1 micron thick layer of 99.9% gold was electroplated onto the outer surface of the spinneret bottom of a spinneret feeder having 1000 spinnerets. The coating was sintered at a temperature of 500 ℃ for 90 minutes. The obtained spinneret bottom was used for manufacturing a spinneret feeder for producing continuous basalt fibers. The use of the resulting spinneret feeder showed that the spinneret outer surface and spinneret zone were not wetted by basalt melt and, therefore, fiber capillary breakage was reduced.
Example 2. A shellac protective coating was applied to the inner surface of the bottom of the spinneret. A 0.5 micron thick layer containing 5% gold, 94% platinum and 1% rhodium was electroplated onto the outer surface of the spinneret bottom. The coating was sintered at 1800 ℃ for 30 minutes. The bottom of the spinneret obtained was used to manufacture a melter for producing glass fibers. The use of the resulting melter showed that the spinneret outer surface and spinneret zone were not wetted by the alkaline glass melt and, therefore, the device yield was improved.
Claims (1)
1. A method of manufacturing an apparatus for producing glass or basalt fibers, the apparatus comprising a vessel having a spinneret bottom, characterized in that a shellac protective coating having a thickness of at least 10 microns is applied on the inner surface of the spinneret bottom; and applying a metal layer comprising 99.9% gold, or a binary platinum alloy layer having a gold content of at least 0.1%, or a platinum rhodium alloy layer having gold and rhodium contents of at least 0.1%, to the outer surface of the spinneret bottom, the layer thickness being at least 0.1 μm; the metal layer is then sintered at a temperature of 500-1850 ℃.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| RU2022110286 | 2022-04-17 | ||
| RU2022110286A RU2793313C1 (en) | 2022-04-17 | Method for manufacturing a device for producing glass or basalt fibre | |
| PCT/RU2023/050081 WO2023204733A1 (en) | 2022-04-17 | 2023-04-11 | Method for manufacturing a device for producing glass or basalt fibre |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN118043287A true CN118043287A (en) | 2024-05-14 |
Family
ID=88420204
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202380013791.9A Pending CN118043287A (en) | 2022-04-17 | 2023-04-11 | Method for manufacturing device for producing glass or basalt fiber |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN118043287A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2023204733A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1242921A (en) * | 1969-01-27 | 1971-08-18 | Pilkington Brothers Ltd | Improvements in or relating to glass fibre production |
| JPH02275729A (en) * | 1989-04-14 | 1990-11-09 | Nitto Boseki Co Ltd | Nozzle plate for glass fiber spinning |
| DE19758724C2 (en) * | 1997-04-08 | 2002-12-12 | Heraeus Gmbh W C | Dispersion-strengthened platinum-gold material, process for its production and its use |
| DE10203418C1 (en) * | 2002-01-28 | 2003-02-27 | Heraeus Gmbh W C | Bath used for drawing glass fibers has side walls and a base plate with openings which open into dies on the side of the plate facing away from the inner chamber |
| FR2981062B1 (en) * | 2011-10-06 | 2013-10-18 | Saint Gobain Adfors | DEVICE FOR DELIVERING GLASS FIBERS WITH REDUCED PRECIOUS METAL CONTENT |
-
2023
- 2023-04-11 CN CN202380013791.9A patent/CN118043287A/en active Pending
- 2023-04-11 WO PCT/RU2023/050081 patent/WO2023204733A1/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2023204733A1 (en) | 2023-10-26 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication |