CN118040893A - Marine wind power all-fiber multi-parameter intelligent sensing method and system - Google Patents
Marine wind power all-fiber multi-parameter intelligent sensing method and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of offshore wind power, in particular to an all-fiber multi-parameter intelligent sensing method and system for offshore wind power. The system comprises an optical fiber communication all-in-one machine (land side), an optical fiber communication all-in-one machine (offshore booster station), a remote access unit (fan side) and an optical communication transceiver module (island side); the optical fiber ventilation integrated machine sends control data to the offshore booster station and the island side and receives monitoring data of the offshore booster station and the island side; the optical fiber energy and feel integrated machine receives and forwards control data to the wind turbine side, performs state monitoring of the offshore booster station, and transmits laser energy to the wind turbine side based on a submarine cable; the remote access unit receives control data and laser energy transmitted by the offshore booster station to monitor the side of the fan, and the optical fiber communication and sensing integrated machine performs cable body distributed sensing through the submarine cable. The system occupies one optical fiber in the submarine cable, so that distributed sensing, double-end communication and unidirectional energy transmission of the cable body can be realized, and the offshore wind power all-optical-fiber multi-parameter intelligent sensing is supported.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of offshore wind power, in particular to an all-fiber multi-parameter intelligent sensing method and system for offshore wind power.
Background
Wind energy has gained attention in recent years as a clean and renewable new energy source. As the offshore wind resources are rich, the wind power generation system has the advantages of large generated energy, long power generation time, no land occupation, large-scale development and the like, and the wind power technology is gradually extended from land to sea. The current offshore wind power has become a hot spot in the world renewable energy development field, and has obvious advantages compared with land wind power, such as no occupation of land resources, closer distance from an electricity load center, higher utilization efficiency of a fan, larger installable capacity and the like. However, the offshore wind farm is more severe than the land wind farm in the working environment, and risks are brought to the operation of the offshore wind turbine generator and the platform in severe weather such as corrosion of moisture and salt fog, damage of lightning and typhoons, ice and snow, sea waves, sea impactors (sea ice) and the like. In addition, submarine cables are the only medium capable of realizing safe and stable, large-capacity and long-distance transmission of offshore electric energy, but effective monitoring means are not available at present due to objective condition limitations such as environment, technology and the like.
In an offshore wind farm, the offshore wind turbines generate electric energy and collect the electric energy to an offshore booster station, and the offshore booster station boosts the electric energy and then transmits the electric energy to a land transformer substation for transmission to a user through a power grid. In order to ensure the proper operation of the offshore wind farm, it is often necessary to monitor the data of the offshore wind turbines, the offshore booster station and the subsea cables with a monitoring system. However, the traditional offshore wind farm lacks of monitoring the offshore cable body, and most of the other offshore wind turbines and offshore booster stations are monitored by adopting a plurality of independent monitoring systems respectively, so that functions are dispersed and management difficulty is high.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the embodiment of the invention provides an offshore wind power all-fiber multi-parameter intelligent sensing method and system, which are used for solving the technical problem of high difficulty in offshore wind power function decentralized management in the prior art.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention is as follows:
The first aspect of the embodiment of the invention provides an offshore wind power all-fiber multi-parameter intelligent sensing system, which comprises: the device comprises an optical fiber communication all-in-one machine arranged on the land side, an optical fiber communication all-in-one machine arranged on the offshore booster station, a remote access unit arranged on the wind turbine side, an optical communication transceiver module arranged on the island side and a sea cable connected between the land side and the offshore booster station and between the island side and between the offshore booster station and the wind turbine side, wherein the remote access unit comprises an optical switch; the optical fiber ventilation and induction integrated machine is used for sending control data to the offshore booster station and the island side through the submarine cable, receiving monitoring data sent by the offshore booster station and the island side according to the control data, wherein the monitoring data are multi-parameter monitoring data; the optical communication transceiver module is used for receiving the control data and monitoring the island side according to the control data; the optical fiber energy and feel integrated machine is used for receiving control data, monitoring the state of the offshore booster station according to the control data, forwarding the control data to the wind turbine side, and transmitting laser energy to the wind turbine side through a submarine cable; the remote access unit receives the control data and the laser energy, controls the optical switch to switch the monitoring node according to the control data and the laser energy, realizes passive monitoring of the wind turbine side based on the optical fiber energy sensing integrated machine on the offshore booster station, and directly generates the monitoring data on the optical fiber energy sensing integrated machine and transmits the monitoring data back to the land side; the optical fiber communication and sensing all-in-one machine is also used for carrying out cable body state distributed monitoring through a submarine cable connected with the offshore booster station or the island side, and the optical fiber communication and sensing all-in-one machine is also used for carrying out cable body state distributed monitoring through a submarine cable connected with the offshore booster station and the fan side, so as to generate distributed sensing data.
In an alternative embodiment, the land side further comprises: the control center comprises a data analysis and display control module, and the communication machine room comprises an optical fiber sense all-in-one machine; the data analysis and display control module is used for analyzing and displaying the monitoring data and sending control data to the communication machine room.
In an alternative embodiment, the communication room further comprises: the optical fiber communication all-in-one machine comprises a first distributed optical fiber sensing host, a first data receiving unit, a first data transmitting unit and a first optical add/drop multiplexer, wherein the first distributed optical fiber sensing host, the first data receiving unit and the first data transmitting unit are connected with the first optical fiber routing switching device through the first optical add/drop multiplexer, and the first optical fiber routing switching device is respectively connected with an offshore booster station and an island side through a submarine cable; the first optical fiber route switching device is used for switching connection between the land side and the offshore booster station or island side; the first distributed optical fiber sensing host is used for acquiring distributed sensing data through a submarine cable; the first data receiving unit is used for receiving monitoring data returned by the offshore booster station and the fan side through the submarine cable, converting the monitoring data into electric signal data and sending the electric signal data to the data analysis and display control module; the first data transmitting unit is used for converting the control data into optical signals and transmitting the optical signals to the offshore booster station and the fan side through the submarine cable.
In an alternative embodiment, the optical communication transceiver module includes a second data receiving unit, a second data transmitting unit, and a second optical add/drop multiplexer, where the second data receiving unit and the second data transmitting unit are coupled to the submarine cable through the second optical add/drop multiplexer; the second data receiving unit is used for receiving the control data sent by the land side and converting the control data into an electric signal; the second data sending unit is used for obtaining island monitoring data according to the electric signals, converting the island monitoring data into optical signals and returning the optical signals through the submarine cable.
In an alternative embodiment, the offshore booster station further comprises: a point-type optical fiber sensor; the optical fiber energy and trust sense all-in-one machine is used for receiving control data, controlling the point type optical fiber sensor to work according to the control data, performing optical fiber distributed sensing, sending sweep frequency optical signals to the fan side for health monitoring and sending laser energy to the fan side, sending the control data to the fan side, and returning the distributed sensing data and the monitoring data through a submarine cable.
In an alternative embodiment, the optical fiber energy sensing all-in-one machine includes: the system comprises a third optical add/drop multiplexer, a fourth optical add/drop multiplexer, a third data sending unit, a third data receiving unit, an optical fiber sensing transceiver and an energy supply laser, wherein the optical fiber sensing transceiver comprises a second distributed optical fiber sensing host and an optical fiber grating demodulator, one end of the third data sending unit and the first end of the third data receiving unit are coupled with a submarine cable connected with the land side through the third optical add/drop multiplexer, the other end of the third data sending unit is connected with the optical fiber sensing transceiver, the second end of the third data receiving unit is connected with the optical fiber sensing transceiver, and the third end of the third data receiving unit and the optical fiber sensing transceiver are coupled with the submarine cable connected with the fan side through the fourth optical add/drop multiplexer;
The third optical add/drop multiplexer is used for receiving control data through the submarine cable, dividing the control data into two paths, wherein one path of the control data is input to the third data receiving unit, and the other path of the control data is sent to the fan side through the fourth optical add/drop multiplexer; the third data receiving unit is used for converting the control data into an electric signal and controlling the optical fiber sensing transceiver to work according to the electric signal; the second distributed optical fiber sensing host is used for sending sensing pulses to the side of the fan through the submarine cable to perform optical fiber distributed sensing and sending distributed sensing data to the third data sending unit; the fiber bragg grating demodulator is used for controlling the point type fiber optic sensor to work according to the control data or sending a sweep frequency optical signal to the side of the fan to perform health monitoring according to the control data, and sending monitoring data to the third data sending unit; the third data sending unit is used for converting the received distributed sensing data and monitoring data into optical signals and returning the optical signals through the submarine cable; the energy supply laser is used for transmitting energy to the side of the fan, and the energy supply laser is used for transmitting control data, sensing pulses, sweep frequency optical signals and energy signals through a submarine cable after being coupled.
In an alternative embodiment, the fan side includes: the remote access unit comprises a fifth optical add/drop multiplexer, a sixth optical add/drop multiplexer and an energy management unit, the optical switch is connected with the distributed sensing optical fiber and the point type optical fiber sensor through the sixth optical add/drop multiplexer, and the optical switch is coupled with a submarine cable connected with the offshore booster station through the fifth optical add/drop multiplexer;
The fifth optical add/drop multiplexer is used for receiving a coupling signal sent by the submarine cable, wherein the coupling signal comprises control data, sensing pulses, sweep frequency optical signals and energy signals, and the coupling signal is sent to the optical switch and the energy management unit after being split; the optical switch is used for sending sensing pulse to the distributed sensing optical fiber to perform optical fiber distributed sensing according to the control data after light splitting, and sending sweep-frequency optical signals to the point type optical fiber sensor to perform health monitoring; the energy management unit is used for supplying energy to the optical switch according to the energy signal after light splitting.
In an alternative embodiment, the plurality of typhoons form a chained wind turbine network, the chained wind turbine network comprises a plurality of wind turbine branches, the offshore booster station further comprises a second optical fiber routing switching device, and the second optical fiber routing switching device is connected with each wind turbine branch through a submarine cable; the fans in each fan branch are used for sequentially transmitting coupling signals transmitted by the submarine cable to the next fan; the second optical fiber route switching device is used for switching the connection between the offshore booster station and each fan branch.
In an alternative embodiment, the remote access unit includes a remote access unit a type and a remote access unit B type, the remote access unit a type further includes a seventh optical add/drop multiplexer, the seventh optical add/drop multiplexer is configured to transmit a coupling signal formed by the control data, the sensing pulse, the swept optical signal, and the energy signal to a next fan, when N fans are included in each fan branch, the front N-2 fans use the remote access unit a type, the N-1 fan uses the remote access unit B type, and the N fan does not include the remote access unit.
The second aspect of the embodiment of the invention provides an offshore wind power all-fiber multi-parameter intelligent sensing method, which is applied to the offshore wind power all-fiber multi-parameter intelligent sensing system of the first aspect and any one of the first aspect, and comprises the following steps: the optical fiber ventilation integrated machine on the land side is controlled to send control data to the offshore booster station or island side; the optical fiber energy sensing integrated machine for controlling the offshore booster station monitors the offshore booster station according to the control data, forwards the control data to the fan side through the submarine cable, transmits laser energy to the fan side through the submarine cable, and returns the monitoring data to the land side through the submarine cable; the optical communication transceiver module on the island side is controlled to receive the control data, monitor the island side according to the control data and transmit the monitoring data back to the land side; the remote access unit at the side of the control fan carries out fan side monitoring node switching according to the control data and the laser energy, and fan monitoring data are generated by using the optical fiber energy and feel integrated machine; the control optical fiber communication and sensing all-in-one machine performs cable body state distributed monitoring through a sea cable connected with an offshore booster station or an island side, and the control optical fiber communication and sensing all-in-one machine performs cable body state distributed monitoring through a sea cable connected with a fan side.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
According to the offshore wind power all-fiber multi-parameter intelligent sensing system and the offshore wind power all-fiber multi-parameter intelligent sensing method, the sea cable constructed based on all fibers is used as a bottom physical framework, the connection between the land side and various optical fiber sensors on a fan and an offshore booster station is opened, the high integration of offshore wind power infrastructure monitoring data is realized, and the problems that in the related art, the offshore wind power adopts an independent monitoring system, and the functions are dispersed and the management difficulty is high are solved.
The offshore wind power all-fiber multi-parameter intelligent sensing system provided by the embodiment adopts an all-fiber bottom architecture, has a simple structure, occupies only one submarine cable fiber core, adopts a passive device, does not need to supply power and is not interfered by electromagnetic waves, and a small amount of energy required by line switching (optical switch switching) is supplied by optical fibers, so that the passive of a fan side is realized; the system has high integration level and is compatible with the traditional optical fiber communication mode, so that the full coverage of monitoring key facilities such as submarine cables, fans, booster stations and the like is realized; all monitoring data and control instructions are displayed and issued in a land control center, so that the control is convenient and fast, and the offshore unmanned system is realized. The system realizes the high integration of point-type/distributed sensing, monitoring/control data transmission and optical fiber energy supply of the offshore wind power infrastructure.
The offshore wind power full-optical-fiber multi-parameter intelligent sensing system provided by the embodiment can realize cable body distributed sensing, double-end communication and unidirectional energy transmission simultaneously by only occupying one optical fiber in the submarine photoelectric composite cable, can be directly connected with various optical fiber sensors on a fan and an offshore booster station, realizes full coverage of offshore wind power key infrastructure and passive monitoring of the fan, and supports offshore wind power full-optical-fiber multi-parameter intelligent sensing.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a marine wind power all-fiber multi-parameter intelligent sensing system in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a land side structure of an offshore wind power all-fiber multi-parameter intelligent sensing system according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of an optical fiber sensing all-in-one machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of island side structure of an offshore wind power all-fiber multi-parameter intelligent sensing system in an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of an optical communication transceiver module according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a marine booster station of the marine wind power all-fiber multi-parameter intelligent sensing system in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of an optical fiber energy sensing integrated machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a fan side structure of an offshore wind power all-fiber multi-parameter intelligent sensing system in an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a type a configuration of a remote access unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a B-type structure of a remote access unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating a part of the operation of the offshore wind power all-fiber multi-parameter intelligent sensing system according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of another part of the operation of the offshore wind power all-fiber multi-parameter intelligent sensing system according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 13 is a flowchart of an offshore wind power all-fiber multi-parameter intelligent sensing method in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made apparent and fully in view of the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; the two components can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or can be communicated inside the two components, or can be connected wirelessly or in a wired way. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In addition, the technical features of the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
The embodiment of the invention provides an offshore wind power all-fiber multi-parameter intelligent sensing system, as shown in fig. 1, which comprises: the device comprises an optical fiber communication all-in-one machine arranged on the land side, an optical fiber communication all-in-one machine arranged on the offshore booster station, a remote access unit arranged on the wind turbine side, an optical communication transceiver module arranged on the island side and a sea cable connected between the land side and the offshore booster station and between the island side and between the offshore booster station and the wind turbine side, wherein the remote access unit comprises an optical switch; the optical fiber ventilation and sensing integrated machine is used for sending control data to the offshore booster station and the island side through the submarine cable and receiving monitoring data sent by the offshore booster station and the island side according to the control data; the optical communication transceiver module is used for receiving the control data and monitoring the island side according to the control data; the optical fiber energy and feel integrated machine is used for receiving control data, monitoring the state of the offshore booster station according to the control data, forwarding the control data to the wind turbine side, and transmitting laser energy to the wind turbine side through a submarine cable; the remote access unit receives the control data and the laser energy, controls the optical switch to switch the monitoring node according to the control data and the laser energy, realizes passive monitoring of the wind turbine side based on the optical fiber energy sensing integrated machine on the offshore booster station, and directly generates the monitoring data on the optical fiber energy sensing integrated machine and transmits the monitoring data back to the land side; the optical fiber communication and sensing all-in-one machine is also used for carrying out cable body state distributed monitoring through a submarine cable connected with the offshore booster station or the island side, and the optical fiber communication and sensing all-in-one machine is also used for carrying out cable body state distributed monitoring through a submarine cable connected with the offshore booster station and the fan side, so as to generate distributed sensing data (sensing data).
The sea cable adopts a photoelectric composite sea cable, and the sea cable is provided with an optical fiber core, so that the transmission of optical signals can be realized, namely, when the transmission of control data and monitoring data is carried out, the optical signals can be converted into the optical signals for transmission. The multi-parameter monitoring data may include monitoring data of parameters such as temperature, stress, vibration, etc. Specifically, when wind power generation is performed by adopting a fan on the side of the fan, the fan generates electric energy and gathers the electric energy to an offshore booster station, and the offshore booster station boosts the electric energy and then transmits the electric energy to a land transformer substation on the land side and transmits the electric energy to a user for use through a power grid.
According to the offshore wind power all-fiber multi-parameter intelligent sensing system provided by the embodiment, the sea cable constructed based on all fibers is used as a bottom physical framework, so that the connection between the land side and various optical fiber sensors on a fan and an offshore booster station is opened, the high integration of offshore wind power infrastructure monitoring data is realized, and the problems of scattered functions and high management difficulty of an independent monitoring system for offshore wind power in the related art are solved.
In an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the land side includes: the control center comprises a data analysis and display control module, and the communication machine room comprises an optical fiber sense all-in-one machine; the data analysis and display control module is used for analyzing and displaying the monitoring data and sending control data to the communication machine room.
Specifically, the communication computer lab still includes: the first optical fiber route switching device, as shown in fig. 3, comprises a first distributed optical fiber sensing host, a first data receiving unit, a first data transmitting unit and a first optical add/drop multiplexer, wherein the first distributed optical fiber sensing host, the first data receiving unit and the first data transmitting unit are connected with the first optical fiber route switching device through the first optical add/drop multiplexer, and the first optical fiber route switching device is respectively connected with the offshore booster station and the island side through a submarine cable.
The first optical fiber route switching device is used for switching connection between the land side and the offshore booster station or island side; the first distributed optical fiber sensing host is used for acquiring distributed sensing data through a submarine cable; the first data receiving unit is used for receiving monitoring data returned by the offshore booster station and the fan side through the submarine cable, converting the monitoring data into electric signal data and sending the electric signal data to the data analysis and display control module; the first data transmitting unit is used for converting the control data into optical signals and transmitting the optical signals to the offshore booster station and the fan side through the submarine cable.
The sea cable comprises a static photoelectric composite sea cable and a dynamic photoelectric composite sea cable, the static photoelectric composite sea cable is connected between a land side and an offshore booster station and between the land side and an island side, and the dynamic photoelectric composite sea cable is connected between the offshore booster station and a fan side. The two kinds of submarine cables have different lengths and different structures and mechanical properties, and in the embodiment, the monitoring distance of the static photoelectric composite submarine cable can reach 150km, so that the running state, the environmental stress, the displacement and the like of the submarine cable body can be monitored. The monitoring distance of the dynamic photoelectric composite submarine cable can reach 5km, the watt-level optical fiber energy transmission can be realized, and the running state, the environmental stress, the form and the like of the submarine cable body can be monitored.
When the first distributed optical fiber sensing host works, single-ended distributed sensing based on long-distance optical fibers in the static photoelectric composite submarine cable can be realized through a mode of sending and receiving sensing pulses, parameters such as temperature, stress and vibration can be monitored as required, and submarine cable health state, external damage prevention monitoring and vector tracking are realized. The single-ended distributed sensing is a distributed optical fiber sensing technology based on the optical fiber back scattering and OTDR (0 technical Time-Domain Reflectometer, optical Time Domain reflectometer) positioning principle, and mainly comprises ROTDR (Raman optical Time Domain reflectometer, optical Time Domain reflectometer based on spontaneous raman scattering), BOTDR/a (Brillouin optical Time Domain reflectometer, optical Time Domain reflectometer based on spontaneous brillouin scattering, brillouin Optical Time-Domain Analysis, optical Time Domain Analysis technology), DAS (Distributed Acoustic Sensing, distributed acoustic wave sensing system) and the like, and the injection and the reception of sensing pulses can be realized only at one end of an optical fiber without forming a loop. The external damage prevention mainly refers to anchor damage, and can be realized by monitoring vibration signals around a cable body based on a DAS technology; the vector tracking is to calculate the laying trend and the position of the cable body on the seabed through the stress change of the optical fiber cable body in the three-dimensional direction. In this embodiment, the first distributed optical fiber sensing host may implement the acquisition of distributed sensing data based on the above technology, which is not described herein.
In the optical fiber sensing all-in-one machine, the first data receiving unit, the first data sending unit and the electrical interfaces of the 3 modules of the first distributed optical fiber sensing host are all connected with a control center through an Ethernet, the optical interfaces are connected with a first optical add/drop multiplexer (the optical fiber sensing channel can be set to 1550nm, other communication channels are set near 1550nm, the channel interval is adjusted between 0.2nm and 2nm as required), and finally the optical fiber sensing all-in-one machine is coupled into one optical fiber of a static photoelectric composite submarine cable through a first optical fiber routing switching device, so that the sensing all-in-one transmission is realized. When the optical fiber routing switching device actually works, the first optical fiber routing switching device can be switched to the island side, and at the moment, data transmission and reception between the island side and the land side can be realized; the first optical fiber routing switching device can be switched to the offshore booster station, and data transmission and reception between the land side and the offshore booster station can be achieved at the moment.
In an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the island side includes an optical communication transceiver module, and the optical communication transceiver module includes a second data receiving unit, a second data transmitting unit, and a second optical add-drop multiplexer, where the second data receiving unit and the second data transmitting unit are coupled to the submarine cable through the second optical add-drop multiplexer; the second data receiving unit is used for receiving the control data sent by the land side and converting the control data into an electric signal; the second data sending unit is used for obtaining island monitoring data according to the electric signals, converting the island monitoring data into optical signals and returning the optical signals through the submarine cable. Specifically, monitoring equipment such as a camera is installed on the island side, after control data is received by the second data receiving unit, the control data are converted into electric signals to control the operation of the monitoring equipment, island monitoring data acquired during the operation of the monitoring equipment are acquired by the second data transmitting unit, and the island monitoring data are converted into optical signals to be transmitted back. The second data transmitting unit and the second data receiving unit are coupled into the optical fiber of the static photoelectric composite submarine cable through a second optical add/drop multiplexer, and occupy two different channels around 1550nm to realize two-way communication.
In an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the offshore booster station further comprises: point-type optical fiber sensors (including tilt sensors, pressure sensors, corrosion sensors, and wind direction sensors); the optical fiber energy and trust sense all-in-one machine is used for receiving control data, controlling the point type optical fiber sensor to work according to the control data, performing optical fiber distributed sensing, sending sweep frequency optical signals to the fan side for health monitoring and sending laser energy to the fan side, sending the control data to the fan side, and returning the distributed sensing data and the monitoring data through a submarine cable.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 7, the optical fiber energy sensing integrated machine includes: the system comprises a third optical add-drop multiplexer, a fourth optical add-drop multiplexer, a third data sending unit, a third data receiving unit, an optical fiber sensing transceiver and an energy supply laser, wherein the optical fiber sensing transceiver comprises a second distributed optical fiber sensing host and an optical fiber grating demodulator, one end of the third data sending unit and the first end of the third data receiving unit are coupled with a submarine cable connected with a land side through the third optical add-drop multiplexer, the other end of the third data sending unit is connected with the optical fiber sensing transceiver, the second end of the third data receiving unit is connected with the optical fiber sensing transceiver, and the third end of the third data receiving unit and the optical fiber sensing transceiver are coupled with the submarine cable connected with a fan side through the fourth optical add-drop multiplexer.
The third optical add/drop multiplexer is used for receiving control data through the submarine cable, dividing the control data into two paths, wherein one path of the control data is input to the third data receiving unit, and the other path of the control data is sent to the fan side through the fourth optical add/drop multiplexer; the third data receiving unit is used for converting the control data into an electric signal and controlling the optical fiber sensing transceiver to work according to the electric signal; the second distributed optical fiber sensing host is used for sending sensing pulses to the side of the fan to perform optical fiber distributed sensing and sending distributed sensing data to the third data sending unit; the fiber bragg grating demodulator is used for controlling the point type fiber optic sensor to work according to the control data and/or sending sweep frequency optical signals to the fan side according to the control data for health monitoring and sending monitoring data to the third data sending unit; the third data sending unit is used for converting the received distributed sensing data and monitoring data into optical signals and returning the optical signals through the submarine cable; the energy supply laser is used for transmitting energy to the side of the fan, and the energy supply laser is used for transmitting control data, sensing pulses, sweep frequency optical signals and energy signals through a submarine cable after being coupled.
When the first optical fiber route switching device is switched to the offshore booster station, control data sent by the land side are sent to the third optical add/drop multiplexer by the submarine cable, the control data are divided into two paths by the third optical add/drop multiplexer, one path is input to the third data receiving unit, and the other path (occupying 1 channel near 1550 nm) is sent to the fan side by the fourth optical add/drop multiplexer. The second distributed optical fiber sensing host occupies 1550nm channel by sending sensing pulse to optical fiber in dynamic photoelectric composite submarine cable connected with the side of the fan) to realize dynamic submarine cable form monitoring and fan distributed state monitoring. During monitoring, monitoring is realized through a BOTDR technology (the fusion joint of the optical fibers can be judged through abrupt change of Brillouin frequency shift). The fiber bragg grating demodulator can be connected with a local fiber bragg grating/fiber Fabry-Perot through a beam splitter or an optical switch to realize offshore platform state monitoring (such as inclination, pressure intensity, corrosion, wind direction and the like), and can also send sweep frequency optical signals (occupying a plurality of channels around 1550 nm) to the side of the fan under the action of control signals to realize fan health state monitoring. The third data transmitting unit receives the sensing data of the second distributed optical fiber sensing host and the monitoring data of the optical fiber grating demodulator, converts the received data into optical signals, and occupies one channel (around 1550 nm) respectively to realize signal return.
It should be noted that, when the state monitoring of the offshore platform is performed, the monitoring can be implemented based on a plurality of fiber bragg gratings/fiber fabry-perot point type fiber sensors, such as an optical fiber sensor, a pressure sensor, a corrosion sensor and a wind direction sensor. The demodulation principle of these point-type optical fiber sensors is different from that of the distributed type, and in this embodiment, each point-type optical fiber sensor occupies a different DWDM (DENSE WAVELENGTH Division Multiplexing ) channel around 1550 nm. The swept optical signal sent to the fan side can be a broadband swept signal, and the swept range of the signal covers the channel wavelengths of all the point sensors, so that the state of all the point sensors can be judged through the wavelengths during demodulation, and the monitorable quantity comprises inclination, pressure intensity, corrosion, wind direction and the like.
In order to supply energy to the fan side and realize the passive of the fan side, the embodiment adopts an optical fiber remote energy supply mode, namely a high-power energy supply laser is arranged at an offshore booster station to supply light energy to the fan side, the energy light occupies 1310nm or 1455nm wave bands, the light energy supplied by the laser is transmitted to the fan side through a multi-band coupling mode and sensing (sensing pulse sent by a second distributed optical fiber sensing host), communication signals (sweep frequency optical signals and control data) are transmitted to the fan side through a dynamic photoelectric composite submarine cable common fiber, and the integrated transmission of energy and sense is realized.
In an alternative embodiment, the fan side includes: each fan comprises a distributed sensing optical fiber, a point type optical fiber sensor and a far-end access unit, wherein the far-end access unit comprises a fifth optical add/drop multiplexer, a sixth optical add/drop multiplexer, an optical switch and an energy management unit, the optical switch is connected with the distributed sensing optical fiber and the point type optical fiber sensor through the sixth optical add/drop multiplexer, and the optical switch is further coupled with a submarine cable connected with a marine booster station through the fifth optical add/drop multiplexer.
The fifth optical add/drop multiplexer is used for receiving a coupling signal sent by the submarine cable, wherein the coupling signal comprises control data, sensing pulses, sweep frequency optical signals and energy signals, and the coupling signal is sent to the optical switch and the energy management unit after being split; the optical switch is used for sending sensing pulse to the distributed sensing optical fiber to perform optical fiber distributed sensing according to the control data after light splitting, and sending sweep-frequency optical signals to the point type optical fiber sensor to perform health monitoring; the energy management unit is used for supplying energy to the optical switch according to the energy signal after light splitting.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 8, several fans form a chained fan assembly, the chained fan assembly includes a plurality of fan branches, the offshore booster station further includes a second optical fiber routing switching device, and the second optical fiber routing switching device is connected with each fan branch through a submarine cable; the fans in each fan branch are used for sequentially transmitting coupling signals transmitted by the submarine cable to the next fan; the second optical fiber route switching device is used for switching the connection between the offshore booster station and each fan branch.
The fan side will be described below using a chain fan network as an example. As shown in fig. 6 and 8, the offshore booster station is switched by the second optical fiber routing switching device and connected with each fan branch, and when a certain fan branch is selected by the second optical fiber routing switching device in the offshore booster station, the coupling signal can be transmitted to the first fan in the fan branch through the optical fiber in the dynamic photoelectric composite submarine cable. In order to realize the transmission of the coupling signal in each fan branch, the remote access unit of the embodiment comprises a remote access unit A type and a remote access unit B type, when each fan branch comprises N fans, the front N-2 fans adopt the remote access unit A type, the N-1 fan adopts the remote access unit B type, the N fan does not comprise the remote access unit, and only the distributed sensing optical fiber and the point type optical fiber sensor are arranged.
As shown in fig. 9, the remote access unit a includes a fifth optical add/drop multiplexer, a sixth optical add/drop multiplexer, an energy management unit, and a seventh optical add/drop multiplexer, where light transmitted from the offshore booster station is divided into control data, sensing pulses, a swept optical signal, and an energy signal after being coupled in multiple bands and the fifth optical add/drop multiplexer. One part of the energy signal enters an energy management unit to be converted into electric energy and supplies energy for the optical switch, and the other part of the energy signal is continuously transmitted to the next fan; one part of the control data enters the optical switch to realize switch switching control after photoelectric conversion, and the other part of the control data is continuously transmitted to the next fan; the sensing pulse and the sweep frequency optical signal enter the optical switch, if the optical switch is switched to the local side, the sensing pulse and the sweep frequency optical signal enter a point type sensor (occupying a channel near 1550 nm) such as a fiber grating/fiber Fabry-Perot and the like which are already laid in the fan through a sixth optical add-drop multiplexer, and the distributed sensing fiber (occupying a channel of 1550 nm) to realize the fan health status monitoring, and if the optical switch is switched to the remote end, the sensing pulse and the sweep frequency optical signal can skip the fan and be directly transmitted to the next fan. As shown in fig. 10, the remote access unit type B includes a fifth optical add/drop multiplexer, a sixth optical add/drop multiplexer, an optical switch, and an energy management unit, and functions of each structure are similar to those of the corresponding structure in the type a, except that energy signals and control data are not required to be transmitted to the next fan, so the remote access unit type B does not include the seventh optical add/drop multiplexer.
In an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 11 and 12, the workflow of the offshore wind power all-fiber multi-parameter intelligent sensing system is as follows: the land side control center issues instructions (control data) to a local optical fiber route switching device (a first optical fiber route switching device), and when the land side control center is switched to an island side, the land side optical fiber ventilation and sensing integrated machine realizes distributed sensing of a static photoelectric composite submarine cable between the land side and the island, and simultaneously realizes control data transmission and remote information feedback; when the system is switched to the offshore booster station, the land side optical communication and sensing integrated machine realizes distributed sensing of the static photoelectric composite submarine cable between the land side and the offshore booster station, and simultaneously realizes control data transmission and remote information return. After the offshore booster station optical fiber energy sensing all-in-one receives control information sent by a land side, the local optical fiber routing switching device (second optical fiber routing switching device) is controlled to switch to a certain fan link to be monitored, and meanwhile, the optical fiber sensing all-in-one is controlled to send out specific optical signals to realize distributed sensing of dynamic photoelectric composite sea cables between fans and offshore platform state monitoring, and an energy supply laser is started to send out energy optical signals. After receiving an optical signal transmitted by an offshore booster station, a first fan in a certain fan link provides energy and control data for a local optical switch, if the control switch is switched to be local, the health state monitoring of the fan can be realized, if the control switch is switched to be remote, the health state monitoring of a subsequent fan is realized by skipping the local, and the subsequent fans are analogized.
The offshore wind power all-fiber multi-parameter intelligent sensing system provided by the embodiment adopts an all-fiber bottom architecture, has a simple structure, occupies only one submarine cable fiber core, adopts a passive device, does not need to supply power and is not interfered by electromagnetic waves, and a small amount of energy required by line switching (optical switch switching) is supplied by optical fibers, so that the passive of a fan side is realized; the system has high integration level and is compatible with the traditional optical fiber communication mode, so that the full coverage of monitoring key facilities such as submarine cables, fans, booster stations and the like is realized; all monitoring data and control instructions are displayed and issued in a land control center, so that the control is convenient and fast, and the offshore unmanned system is realized. The system realizes the high integration of point-type/distributed sensing, monitoring/control data transmission and optical fiber energy supply of the offshore wind power infrastructure.
The embodiment also provides an offshore wind power all-fiber multi-parameter intelligent sensing method which is applied to the offshore wind power all-fiber multi-parameter intelligent sensing system of the embodiment, as shown in fig. 13, and the method comprises the following steps:
step S101, controlling an optical fiber ventilation integrated machine at the land side to send control data to an offshore booster station or an island side;
Step S102, the optical fiber energy sensing all-in-one machine for controlling the offshore booster station monitors the offshore booster station according to the control data, forwards the control data to the fan side through the submarine cable, transmits laser energy to the fan side through the submarine cable, and returns the monitoring data to the land side through the submarine cable.
Step S103, the optical communication transceiver module on the island side is controlled to receive the control data, monitor the island side according to the control data and transmit the monitoring data back to the land side.
Step S104, a remote access unit at the side of the control fan carries out fan side monitoring node switching according to the control data and the laser energy, and fan monitoring data is generated by using an optical fiber energy and sense of trust integrated machine;
Step S105, the optical fiber communication and sensing integrated machine is controlled to conduct cable body state distributed monitoring through the submarine cable connected with the offshore booster station or the island side, and the optical fiber communication and sensing integrated machine is controlled to conduct cable body state distributed monitoring through the submarine cable connected with the offshore booster station and the fan side.
The steps are only the general description of the implementation flow of the offshore wind power all-fiber multi-parameter intelligent sensing method, and the implementation is not required to be carried out according to the corresponding sequence of the steps in the actual operation process. Further functional descriptions of the land side, the offshore booster station, the island side, and the wind turbine side are the same as those of the corresponding embodiments, and are not repeated here.
Although the exemplary embodiments and their advantages have been described in detail, those skilled in the art may make various changes, substitutions and alterations to these embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention and the scope of protection as defined by the appended claims. For other examples, one of ordinary skill in the art will readily appreciate that the order of the process steps may be varied while remaining within the scope of the present invention.
Furthermore, the scope of the present application is not intended to be limited to the particular embodiments of the process, machine, manufacture, composition of matter, means, methods and steps described in the specification. From the present disclosure, it will be readily understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that processes, machines, manufacture, compositions of matter, means, methods, or steps, presently existing or later to be developed that perform substantially the same function or achieve substantially the same result as the corresponding embodiments described herein may be utilized according to the present disclosure. Accordingly, the appended claims are intended to include within their scope such processes, machines, manufacture, compositions of matter, means, methods, or steps.
Claims (10)
1. An offshore wind power all-fiber multi-parameter intelligent sensing system, which is characterized by comprising: the device comprises an optical fiber communication all-in-one machine arranged on the land side, an optical fiber communication all-in-one machine arranged on the offshore booster station, a remote access unit arranged on the wind turbine side, an optical communication transceiver module arranged on the island side and a sea cable connected between the land side and the offshore booster station and between the island side and between the offshore booster station and the wind turbine side, wherein the remote access unit comprises an optical switch;
The optical fiber ventilation and induction integrated machine is used for sending control data to the offshore booster station and the island side through the submarine cable, receiving monitoring data sent by the offshore booster station and the island side according to the control data, wherein the monitoring data are multi-parameter monitoring data;
the optical communication transceiver module is used for receiving the control data and monitoring island sides according to the control data;
The optical fiber energy and sense integrated machine is used for receiving the control data, monitoring the state of the offshore booster station according to the control data, forwarding the control data to the wind turbine side, and transmitting laser energy to the wind turbine side through a submarine cable;
The remote access unit receives the control data and the laser energy, controls the optical switch to switch the monitoring node according to the control data and the laser energy, realizes passive monitoring of the wind turbine side based on the optical fiber energy sensing integrated machine on the offshore booster station, and directly generates and returns the monitoring data to the land side on the optical fiber energy sensing integrated machine;
The optical fiber communication and sensing all-in-one machine is further used for carrying out cable body state distributed monitoring through a submarine cable connected with the offshore booster station or the island side, and the optical fiber communication and sensing all-in-one machine is further used for carrying out cable body state distributed monitoring through a submarine cable connected with the offshore booster station and the fan side, so that distributed sensing data are generated.
2. The offshore wind power all-fiber multi-parameter intelligent sensing system of claim 1, wherein the land side comprises: the system comprises a control center and a communication machine room, wherein the control center comprises a data analysis and display control module, and the communication machine room comprises an optical fiber ventilation integrated machine;
The data analysis and display control module is used for analyzing and displaying the monitoring data and sending control data to the communication machine room.
3. The offshore wind power all-fiber multi-parameter intelligent sensing system of claim 2, wherein the communication room further comprises: the optical fiber communication and sensing integrated machine comprises a first distributed optical fiber sensing host, a first data receiving unit, a first data transmitting unit and a first optical add/drop multiplexer, wherein the first distributed optical fiber sensing host, the first data receiving unit and the first data transmitting unit are connected with the first optical fiber routing and switching device through the first optical add/drop multiplexer, and the first optical fiber routing and switching device is respectively connected with an offshore booster station and an island side through a submarine cable;
the first optical fiber route switching device is used for switching connection between a land side and an offshore booster station or island side;
the first distributed optical fiber sensing host is used for acquiring distributed sensing data through a submarine cable;
The first data receiving unit is used for receiving monitoring data returned by the offshore booster station and the fan side through the submarine cable, converting the monitoring data into electric signal data and sending the electric signal data to the data analysis and display control module;
The first data transmitting unit is used for converting the control data into optical signals and transmitting the optical signals to the offshore booster station and the fan side through the submarine cable.
4. The offshore wind power all-fiber multi-parameter intelligent sensing system according to claim 1, wherein the optical communication transceiver module comprises a second data receiving unit, a second data transmitting unit and a second optical add-drop multiplexer, wherein the second data receiving unit and the second data transmitting unit are coupled with the submarine cable through the second optical add-drop multiplexer;
the second data receiving unit is used for receiving the control data sent by the land side and converting the control data into an electric signal;
the second data sending unit is used for obtaining island monitoring data according to the electric signals, converting the island monitoring data into optical signals and returning the optical signals through the submarine cable.
5. The offshore wind power all-fiber multi-parameter intelligent sensing system of claim 1, wherein the offshore booster station further comprises: a point-type optical fiber sensor;
The optical fiber energy sensing all-in-one machine is used for receiving control data, controlling the point type optical fiber sensor to work according to the control data, performing optical fiber distributed sensing, sending sweep frequency optical signals to the fan side for health monitoring and sending laser energy to the fan side, sending the control data to the fan side, and returning the distributed sensing data and the monitoring data through a submarine cable.
6. The offshore wind power all-fiber multi-parameter intelligent sensing system according to claim 5, wherein the fiber-optic energy and feel integrating machine comprises: the system comprises a third optical add/drop multiplexer, a fourth optical add/drop multiplexer, a third data sending unit, a third data receiving unit, an optical fiber sensing transceiver and an energy supply laser, wherein the optical fiber sensing transceiver comprises a second distributed optical fiber sensing host and an optical fiber grating demodulator, one end of the third data sending unit and the first end of the third data receiving unit are coupled with a submarine cable connected with the land side through the third optical add/drop multiplexer, the other end of the third data sending unit is connected with the optical fiber sensing transceiver, the second end of the third data receiving unit is connected with the optical fiber sensing transceiver, and the third end of the third data receiving unit and the optical fiber sensing transceiver are coupled with the submarine cable connected with the fan side through the fourth optical add/drop multiplexer;
The third optical add/drop multiplexer is used for receiving control data through a submarine cable, dividing the control data into two paths, one path of the control data is input to the third data receiving unit, and the other path of the control data is sent to the fan side through the fourth optical add/drop multiplexer;
The third data receiving unit is used for converting the control data into an electric signal and controlling the optical fiber sensing transceiver to work according to the electric signal;
The second distributed optical fiber sensing host is used for sending sensing pulses to the side of the fan through the submarine cable to perform optical fiber distributed sensing and sending distributed sensing data to the third data sending unit;
The fiber bragg grating demodulator is used for controlling the point-type fiber optic sensor to work according to the control data, or sending sweep frequency optical signals to the fan side according to the control data for health monitoring, and sending monitoring data to the third data sending unit;
the third data sending unit is used for converting the received distributed sensing data and monitoring data into optical signals and returning the optical signals through the submarine cable;
The energy supply laser is used for transmitting energy to the side of the fan, and the control data, the sensing pulse, the sweep frequency optical signal and the energy signal are transmitted through the submarine cable after being coupled.
7. The offshore wind power all-fiber multi-parameter intelligent sensing system of claim 6, wherein the fan side comprises: each fan comprises a distributed sensing optical fiber and a point type optical fiber sensor, the far-end access unit comprises a fifth optical add/drop multiplexer, a sixth optical add/drop multiplexer and an energy management unit, the optical switch is connected with the distributed sensing optical fiber and the point type optical fiber sensor through the sixth optical add/drop multiplexer, and the optical switch is further coupled with a submarine cable connected with a marine booster station through the fifth optical add/drop multiplexer;
The fifth optical add/drop multiplexer is configured to receive a coupling signal sent by the submarine cable, where the coupling signal includes control data, a sensing pulse, a swept optical signal, and an energy signal, split the coupling signal, and send the split coupling signal to the optical switch and the energy management unit;
the optical switch is used for sending sensing pulses to the distributed sensing optical fibers according to the control data after light splitting to perform optical fiber distributed sensing, and sending sweep-frequency optical signals to the point type optical fiber sensor to perform health monitoring;
the energy management unit is used for supplying energy to the optical switch according to the energy signal after light splitting.
8. The offshore wind power all-fiber multi-parameter intelligent sensing system of claim 7, wherein a plurality of fans form a chained fan assembly, the chained fan assembly comprises a plurality of fan branches, the offshore booster station further comprises a second fiber routing switching device, and the second fiber routing switching device is connected with each fan branch through a submarine cable;
the fans in each fan branch are used for sequentially transmitting coupling signals transmitted by the submarine cable to the next fan;
the second optical fiber route switching device is used for switching the connection between the offshore booster station and each fan branch.
9. The offshore wind power all-fiber multi-parameter intelligent sensing system according to claim 8, wherein the remote access unit comprises a remote access unit A type and a remote access unit B type, the remote access unit A type further comprises a seventh optical add-drop multiplexer, the seventh optical add-drop multiplexer is used for transmitting coupling signals composed of control data, sensing pulses, sweep light signals and energy signals to a next fan, when N fans are included in each fan branch, the front N-2 fans adopt the remote access unit A type, the N-1 fan adopts the remote access unit B type, and the N fans do not include the remote access unit.
10. An offshore wind power all-fiber multi-parameter intelligent sensing method, which is characterized by being applied to the offshore wind power all-fiber multi-parameter intelligent sensing system as claimed in any one of claims 1-9, and comprising the following steps:
The optical fiber ventilation integrated machine on the land side is controlled to send control data to the offshore booster station or island side;
The optical fiber energy sensing integrated machine for controlling the offshore booster station monitors the offshore booster station according to the control data, forwards the control data to the fan side through the submarine cable, transmits laser energy to the fan side through the submarine cable, and returns the monitoring data to the land side through the submarine cable;
The optical communication transceiver module on the island side is controlled to receive the control data, monitor the island side according to the control data and transmit the monitoring data back to the land side;
the remote access unit at the side of the control fan carries out fan side monitoring node switching according to the control data and the laser energy, and fan monitoring data are generated by using the optical fiber energy and sense of trust integrated machine;
The control optical fiber communication and sensing all-in-one machine performs cable body state distributed monitoring through a sea cable connected with an offshore booster station or an island side, and the control optical fiber communication and sensing all-in-one machine performs cable body state distributed monitoring through a sea cable connected with a fan side.
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