CN104601272B - CWDM based underground pipeline detection node optical-fiber energy supply method and device - Google Patents
CWDM based underground pipeline detection node optical-fiber energy supply method and device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of CWDM communication network photoelectric energy conversion and relates to a CWDM based underground pipeline detection node optical-fiber energy supply method and device. Energy supply optical fibers penetrating a plurality of detection nodes are triggered and linked by CWDM multi-channel signal optical fibers to supply power for any one detection node at each position of an underground pipeline, and accordingly, selective signal detection and data acquisition of the nodes are achieved, the detection nodes are only in an energy supply state when in need of operation, and a power supply is turned off after energy supplying. By means of the method and the device, the problem of the difficulty in energy supply during underground pipe line monitoring can be well solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the photovoltaic energy conversion field of CWDM communication networks, the special underground utilities detection being related to based on CWDM
Node optical fiber energy supply method and device.
Background technology
1st, the background technology of photovoltaic energy conversion
Photovoltaic energy conversion technology has been applied at present GaAs (GaAs) conversion equipment of 3V and 5V, this technology ratio
Be more suited to the transmission of electricity of traditional energy supply application medium and long distance copper cash or live battery-powered easily affected by complex environment and can not
Stable lasting situation, and then live energy supply is realized by the photovoltaic energy conversion that can flexibly control.
In transmitting terminal, electric energy is changed into laser using semiconductor laser diode and is transmitted in a fiber, in receiving terminal, used
Solar cell is used as receiving device.This device GaAs of 300 millimeters thicks is covered with above 20 millis as insulating substrate
The thick solar cell of rice, can be classified as several independent regions, and these independent regions are entered by gold-plated air bridges
Row series connection.When the laser transmitted by optical fiber is irradiated to solar cell, luminous energy may translate into electric energy, each isolated area
Up to 1 volt, 3～5 region series to get up just have 3～5 volts of voltages the voltage of generation, can meet the inspection of most sensors
Slowdown monitoring circuit is used, and such as needs more high working voltage such as to need the more high workload electric current can also be to many cumulative series connection in multiple regions
The cumulative parallel connection in individual region.
2nd, the background technology of CWDM
In Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) or therewith in suitable communication range, because transmission range is not very very long, transmission range is generally in
Tens kilometers of scope, the decay of signal is in permissible range in optical fiber, therefore need not use fiber amplifier, increase by,
The cost of two optical fiber is not also high.If realizing the effect of wavelength-division multiplex using the DWDM equipment as wide area network, setting
Lose more than gain on standby cost.Due in the application of CWDM, without fiber amplifier, the increase and extension of number of wavelengths are not yet
The restriction of photo-detector amplifier frequency band again, it is possible to use wavelength interval is wider, the light source that wavelength accuracy and stability requirement are relatively low, with
And multiplexer（Wave multiplexer）, demultiplexer（Channel-splitting filter）, the element such as optical electrical/optical transponder unit, make components and parts be particularly device
Cost significantly decline.
Generally speaking, it is very low to the cost needs of WDM technology in the communication range suitable in Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) or therewith.As
The simple version of DWDM technologies, it is generally not long, less demanding to signal measure of precision that CWDM has adapted to Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) transmission range
Actual features, without the need for being equipped with the equipment such as the high amplifier of price and transceiver, therefore CWDM is a kind of short-distance and medium-distance, multichannel
The economical technical scheme of communication individual transmission.
CWDM technology relevant criterions:
G.694.2, in June, 2002, ITU-T advises proposing wavelength interval for 20nm, operation wavelength from 1270nm to
The allocative decision of 18 reuse wavelengths of 1610nm.2003, according to the situation of practical devices, ITU-T again increased centre wavelength
1nm is added.In October, 2003, for point-to-point CWDM systems application optical interface parameter recommendation G.695 in ITU-T 15 groups obtain
Must pass through.
Shown in the following Tables 1 and 2 of the major parameter index of CWDM devices and system.
The CWDM multiplexer/demultiplexer part performance parameter indexs of table 1.
The CWDM system nominal center wavelengths of table 2
As can be seen from the above table, at present standardized CWDM number of wavelengths is 18, that is to say, that the point-to-point son of CWDM
System, its in theory 1 road signal optical fibre maximum available channel quantity be 18.
3rd, the background technology of underground utilities energy supply
Underground utilities local environment is underground sealed space, and bad environments are wanted for underground utilities detection section along the line
Point provides operating voltage or electric current, is both inconvenient to connect the larger energy supply cable of power attenuation in electricity transmission process, be also inconvenient to be
Detection node is equipped with the spot lasting energy supply for a long time and can be resistant to the battery of wet environment.If coming real according to both above method
The energy supply of existing detection node, needs to pay larger design and implementation cost at aspects such as technology, technique and energy consumptions.
The content of the invention
For the deficiency of background technology, the present invention is examined everywhere by signal optical fibre triggering linkage energy supply optical fiber to underground utilities
Surveying node carries out energy supply to realize signal detection and data acquisition, makes detection node when work is needed just in energised state,
Therefore just power cutoff after the completion of energy supply, the present invention can well solve the problems, such as that underground utilities energy supply is difficult.
The technical scheme is that：Underground utilities detection node optical fiber energy supply method based on CWDM, it is characterised in that：
Comprise the following steps：
Step one, local monitor center select the detection node for needing energy supply, and are sent by the point-to-point subsystems of CWDM
The signal of respective wavelength；
Trigger in step 2, respective wavelength signal is transferred to the detection node that needs energy supply and starts the node
Coupled switch, the switching switch of the coupled switch linkage energy supply optical fiber of signal optical fibre, energy supply optical fiber is switched to subsequently from acquiescence
The Status Change of node is the connection node；
Step 3, energy supply is carried out to the detection node for needing energy supply by energy supply optical fiber；
Step 4, local monitor center confirm the signal detection to the node and data acquisition according to the return data for receiving
Process is completed, and automatically shuts down the wavelength signals of the node, and the switching switch on energy supply optical fiber is reduced by coupled switch, makes its extensive
The multiple state to connection subsequent node, makes the detection node on whole link to obtain under the startup of respective wavelength signal
Energy supply.
Node optical fiber energy supply method as above, it is characterised in that：Step one detailed process is：Selection need into
Row signal detection and some node of data acquisition, open the signal transceiver of the corresponding CWDM wavelength of the node；Signal
Transceiver Transmit starts the trigger of the node；Trigger through optical electrical/optical transponder unit be converted into CWDM can
Use wavelength；Trigger after conversion enters Coarse Wave Division Multiplexer, demultiplexes by optical fiber multiplexing transmission and by thick wavelength-division
Each detection node is connected to device.
Node optical fiber energy supply method as above, it is characterised in that：The concrete function process of the step 3 is：Energy supply
Optical fiber is switched to the powered mode to the node, and the node obtains energy supply, carries out signal detection and data acquisition.
Node optical fiber energy supply method as above, it is characterised in that：The detailed process of the step 4 is：Need energy supply
Detection node by the signal optical fibre data that collect of passback；Local monitor center receives the gathered data of passback simultaneously really
Recognize；When local monitor center receives return data needs to close the node, the receipts of local monitor closed center corresponding wavelength
Device is sent out, then the node is automatically switched off the coupled switch in signal optical fibre, and the node reduces its energy supply fiber optic switch, makes energy supply
Optical fiber is connected automatically to next place's node.
A kind of underground utilities detection node optical fiber power supply device based on CWDM, including energy transceiver and be connected thereto
Energy supply optical fiber, for transmitting luminous energy；The point-to-point subsystems of CWDM and coupled signal optical fibre, n roads detection node, its
The point-to-point subsystem of middle CWDM includes signal transceiver, optical electrical/optical transponder unit, Coarse Wave Division Multiplexer, thick wavelength-division demultiplexing
Device, signal transceiver is used to send reception trigger and gathered data, and is converted into difference by optical electrical/optical transponder unit
The signal of wavelength, is multiplexed by Coarse Wave Division Multiplexer and is transmitted, and Jing coarse wavelength division demultiplexers are by the signal Jing flashlights of different wave length
Fibre is transferred at coupled switch, it is characterised in that：It is described include per detection node all the way coupled switch, energy opto-electronic conversion,
Signal opto-electronic conversion；The described coupled switch per detection node all the way is with the switching switch being connected with energy supply optical fiber；It is each
Coupled switch one wavelength signals of correspondence of road detection node, the signal can be turned on and off the coupled switch；Coupled switch
The switching that links of being turned on and off switch on or close, and then energy supply to detection node is realized, wherein 1≤n≤18.
Node optical fiber power supply device as above, it is characterised in that：It is described per all the way detect section can gathered data and time
The point-to-point subsystems of CWDM are passed to, the point-to-point subsystems of CWDM decide whether to close corresponding wavelength letter according to the data of collection
Number.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the local pie graph for one section of underground utilities in a CWDM subsystem；
Fig. 2 is the detection node optical fiber energy supplying system topological diagram for multistage underground utilities；
Fig. 3 is the fundamental diagram of coupled switch and switching switch.
Specific embodiment
Explanation of nouns：
CWDM is a kind of inexpensive WDM transmission technology towards Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) Access Layer, and CWDM is exactly to be conciliate using multiplexer
Multiplexer realizes transmission of the optical signal of different wave length on simple optical fiber.
OC is：Coupled switch in detection node between signal optical fibre λ 1 and energy supply optical fiber λ p.
S is：Switching switch in detection node on energy supply optical fiber λ p.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described further.
The present invention relates to a kind of detection node along the line to underground utilities may be selected, controllable optical fiber energy supply, with
Realize to the pipeline on the way system topological and implementation method of the long distance signal detection of node everywhere.
As shown in figure 1, several detection nodes along the line for ground wire pipeline, by all the way with the energy supply light of switching switch
Fibre realizes that energy supply optical fiber connects, and CWDM wavelength of the n roads with coupled switch realizes that signal optical fibre connects.1 road CWDM is point-to-point
Subsystem, contains up to 18 road wavelength.
Energy supply optical fiber is connected with energy transceiver, for transmitting luminous energy.Signal optical fibre is connected with the point-to-point subsystems of CWDM
Connect, the point-to-point subsystems of CWDM include that signal transceiver, optical electrical/optical transponder unit, Coarse Wave Division Multiplexer, thick wavelength-division are demultiplexed
Use device.Signal transceiver produces signal, and is converted into the signal of different wave length by optical electrical/optical transponder unit, then by thick ripple
Division multiplexer is multiplexed and transmits, and Jing coarse wavelength division demultiplexers are by the signal Jing signal transmission by optical fiber of different wave length to coupled switch
Place.
In Fig. 1 of the present invention, the pipeline situ part of the present invention includes：Coarse Wave Division Multiplexer, coarse wavelength division demultiplexer, energy
Amount optical electrical, signal optical electrical, switching switch S（1～n）, coupled switch OC（1～n）With n detection node, wherein 1≤n≤18,
These devices are disposed at adjacent underground utilities scene.The monitor portion of the present invention includes：Signal transceiver, optical electrical/light wave
Long converter and energy transceiver, these devices will be disposed at local monitor center.
Fig. 1 is the deployment diagram on one direction of underground utilities monitored from a local monitor center along it, at this
The theoretic maximum in pipeline direction can monitoring node quantity be 18.If the Surveillance center is set to into this depot siding in physics or
Central point in logic, then CWDM point-to-point subsystem of this pipe string in the both direction of Surveillance center rear and front end
On, total can dispose 36 monitoring nodes.
As shown in figure 1, from the local monitor center of underground utilities, along underground utilities two categories below light is disposed respectively
Fibre, i.e. energy supply optical fiber and signal optical fibre.Energy supply optical fiber λ p are only needed all the way, and it is respectively each according to the selection at local monitor center
Detection node energy supply, is unified, public energy supply optical fiber in system.
The common n roads of signal optical fibre, on a direction maximum of n can monitoring node quantity be 18, n roads signal optical fibre respectively with n
The connection of individual detection node individually carries out energy supply, signal optical fibre λ 1, λ 2 ..., λ n and n detection node 1,2 ..., n be connected into
Row data acquisition.
This paper's includes switching switch, coupled switch, energy opto-electronic conversion, signal opto-electronic conversion per detection node all the way,
As the second tunnel detection node includes switching switch S2, coupled switch OC2, energy opto-electronic conversion, signal opto-electronic conversion, coupled switch
OC2 is received after the input signals of λ 2, by switching switch S2 switch closures, so that the energy light that energy supply optical fiber is connected in detection node
Electricity conversion, and then realize carrying out detection node 2 energy supply, the gathered data of detection node 2 simultaneously passes back to local monitor center, locally
Surveillance center is confirmed whether to close according to return data（Signal transceiver）The wavelength of λ 2, such as close the wavelength of λ 2, then coupled switch
OC2 is closed, and is switched switch S2 and is closed, and its energy supply fiber optic switch S2 is connected in the reduction of such detection node 2, makes energy supply optical fiber certainly
It is dynamic to be connected to subsequent detection node.
As the course of work of detection node 2, the method for the present invention is or not other n roads detection node courses of work of the invention
Multiple detection node energy supplies can be simultaneously directed to, but can be that timesharing realizes one by one energy supply to whole detection nodes.
The fundamental diagram that coupled switch of the present invention is switched with switching is as shown in figure 3, node n receives the triggering letter on λ n
Number, Sn is switched to by lower section by the optical coupling of OC, the luminous energy on λ p is converted into by electric energy by energy optical electrical module, for section
Point n works.λ n disconnect after end, and Sn automatically restores to top, connect subsequent node.
The present invention be based on the underground utilities detection node optical fiber energy supply method of CWDM：
1st, local monitor center selects the detection node for needing energy supply, and sends corresponding ripple by the point-to-point subsystems of CWDM
Long signal.Its detailed process is：Selection needs to carry out some node of signal detection and data acquisition, opens the node pair
The signal transceiver of the CWDM wavelength answered；The trigger of the signal transceiver transmitter trigger node；Trigger is passed through
Optical electrical/optical transponder unit is converted into the wavelength available of CWDM；Trigger after conversion enters Coarse Wave Division Multiplexer, leads to
Cross optical fiber multiplexing transmission and by coarse wavelength division demultiplexer.
2nd, the detection node for needing energy supply is transferred to by the trigger in the respective wavelength signal of transmission, and startup should
The coupled switch of node, the switching switch of the coupled switch linkage energy supply optical fiber of signal optical fibre；
3rd, the detection node to needing energy supply carries out energy supply.Detailed process is：The switching of the node is switched in coupled switch
Linkage is switched on, and energy supply optical fiber is switched to the powered mode to the node, and the node obtains energy supply by energy supply optical fiber, so as to
Carry out signal detection and data acquisition.
4th, local monitor center automatically shuts down the wavelength signals of the node according to the return data for receiving, and reduces energy supply light
Fibre switching switch, itself and the node are disconnected, and return to the state of the logical next node of connection, then, other detection nodes according to
It is secondary to carry out above-mentioned process, each detection node on whole link is supplied under the startup of respective wavelength signal
Energy.Detailed process is：The data for needing the detection node of energy supply to collect by signal optical fibre passback；Local monitor center receives
To passback gathered data and confirm；When needing to close the node after local monitor center receives return data, local prison
The transceiver of closed center corresponding wavelength is controlled, then the node is automatically switched off the coupled switch in signal optical fibre, and the node reduces it
Energy supply fiber optic switch, makes energy supply optical fiber be connected automatically to next place's node.
The optical-electric module that energy supply optical fiber is realized by GaAs (GaAs) the photovoltaic energy conversion technology based on 3V/5V（I.e.
" energy optical electrical " in Fig. 1）To realize the energy supply to node.
Except it is above-mentioned for certain all the way the chain pipeline of underground utilities in addition to, for topological structure ratio in the bottom line pipeline of city
More complicated ring-type pipeline and grid pipeline, its topological structure also can be decomposed into several chains individually to process, respectively
Section chain pipeline belong to respective local monitor center to realize optical fiber energy supply under the conditions of signal detection and data acquisition.Each
Between ground Surveillance center, connection collocation remote monitoring center can be concentrated by being easy to the optical fiber cable for field operation in urban deployment.System
System structure is as shown in Fig. 2 Fig. 2 gives the situation that multichannel underground utilities arrangement and system are constituted.
For modal liquid type oil in underground utilities, supply water and flowing line, with its leak detection technology most
Considering, maximum monitoring distance empirical value is 50 kilometers to the negative pressure wave detecting method of main flow, that is, two monitorings on pipeline
Need control within 50 kilometers between node, using suction wave computational methods accurate leak point positioning could be obtained.
And CWDM systems, under the conditions of non-relay, point-to-point transmission range representative value is up to 40,80 and 120 kilometers（Depending on choosing
Depending on selecting module）.That is, in the case where additionally not relayed with reserve line image intensifer to CWDM systems, no matter
It is the coarse wavelength division multiplexing systems of selection 40,80 or 120 km transmission distances, also can also all meets the suction wave inspection of most main flow
50 kilometers required for survey technology are apart from this requirement.
It is most long by 40 between from point to points, from the point of view of 80 or 120 kilometers, the system built using this method can meet completely city
Monitoring distance in the range of city is required.In addition, can be from the point of view of monitoring node 36 from a pipeline both direction maximum, each node
Between spacing recently can be close 1 kilometer, farthest can control within 4 kilometers, from the detection positioning of pipeline leakage point and should
From the point of view of anxious process angle, 1～4 kilometer of requirement that can meet pipeline monitoring.
Beneficial effect：
First, this method carries out selective multiple spot detection node confession using the multichannel independent light transmission channel of CWDM
Can, avoid the defect for adopting remote cable energy supply and local battery energy supply under traditional approach in City Buried Pipeline monitoring,
Neatly according to the actual requirements specific aim triggering energy supply can be carried out to specific detection node in local and remote monitoring center
And signal detection and data acquisition, in the case where signal detection and data acquisition need not be carried out, the local of system and entirety
May be in the state of non-transformer consumption.
Meanwhile, the CWDM transmission networks that this method is adopted are fully able to meet with suction wave inspection from its communication distance
Survey method is the City Buried Pipeline monitoring requirements of mainstream technology.
And, the gathered data being transmitted with optical signal in this method also can guarantee that its communication channel will not be subject to
Other forceful electric power, the interference of electromagnetic field of light current pipeline in underground utilities local environment affects.
Additionally, the underground utilities sensing node that configuration mode is employed in this method is more durable, in principle, as long as not receiving
Destruction to external physical active force just can be with normal work, and light path operationally will not generate heat as circuit, regardless of
Radiating, is particularly suited for the enclosed environment of underground utilities.
Claims (6)
1. the underground utilities detection node optical fiber energy supply method of CWDM is based on, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：
Step one, local monitor center select the detection node for needing energy supply, and send corresponding by the point-to-point subsystems of CWDM
The signal of wavelength；
Trigger in step 2, respective wavelength signal is transferred to the coupling for needing the detection node of energy supply and starting the node
Switch, the switching switch of the coupled switch linkage energy supply optical fiber of signal optical fibre, subsequent node is switched to by energy supply optical fiber from acquiescence
Status Change for connect the node；
Step 3, energy supply is carried out to the detection node for needing energy supply by energy supply optical fiber；
Step 4, local monitor center confirm the signal detection and data acquisition to the node according to the return data for receiving
Complete, automatically shut down the wavelength signals of the node, the switching switch on energy supply optical fiber is reduced by coupled switch, allow it to return to
The state of subsequent node is connected, the detection node on whole link is supplied under the startup of respective wavelength signal
Energy.
2. the underground utilities detection node optical fiber energy supply method of CWDM is based on as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Step one detailed process is：Selection needs to carry out some node of signal detection and data acquisition, opens the node corresponding
The signal transceiver of CWDM wavelength；The trigger of the signal transceiver transmitter trigger node；Trigger through optical electrical/
Optical transponder unit is converted into the wavelength available of CWDM；Trigger after conversion enters Coarse Wave Division Multiplexer, by optical fiber
Multipling channel is transmitted and is connected to each detection node by coarse wavelength division demultiplexer.
3. the underground utilities detection node optical fiber energy supply method of CWDM is based on as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
The concrete function process of step 3 is：Energy supply optical fiber is switched to the powered mode to the node, and the node obtains energy supply, carries out letter
Number detection and data acquisition.
4. the underground utilities detection node optical fiber energy supply method of CWDM is based on as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
The detailed process of step 4 is：The data for needing the detection node of energy supply to collect by signal optical fibre passback；In local monitor
The heart receives the gathered data of passback and confirms；When local monitor center receives return data needs to close the node, this
Ground Surveillance center closes the transceiver of corresponding wavelength, then the node is automatically switched off the coupled switch in signal optical fibre, and the node is also
Former its energy supply fiber optic switch, makes energy supply optical fiber be connected automatically to next place's node.
5. a kind of underground utilities detection node optical fiber power supply device based on CWDM, including energy transceiver and connected
Energy supply optical fiber, for transmitting luminous energy；The point-to-point subsystems of CWDM and coupled signal optical fibre, n roads detection node, wherein
The point-to-point subsystems of CWDM include signal transceiver, optical electrical/optical transponder unit, Coarse Wave Division Multiplexer, thick wavelength-division demultiplexing
Device, signal transceiver is used to send reception trigger and gathered data, and is converted into difference by optical electrical/optical transponder unit
The signal of wavelength, is multiplexed by Coarse Wave Division Multiplexer and is transmitted, and Jing coarse wavelength division demultiplexers are by the signal Jing flashlights of different wave length
Fibre is transferred at coupled switch, it is characterised in that：Include coupled switch, energy opto-electronic conversion, flashlight per detection node all the way
Electricity conversion；Coupled switch per detection node all the way is with the switching switch being connected with energy supply optical fiber；Per detection node all the way
Coupled switch one wavelength signals of correspondence, the signal can be turned on and off the coupled switch；Coupled switch is turned on and off
Linkage switching is switched on or closed, and then realizes the energy supply to detection node, wherein 1≤n≤18.
6. the underground utilities detection node optical fiber power supply device of CWDM is based on as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that：It is each
Road detection section can gathered data and by the passback of CWDM point-to-point subsystems, local monitor center is according to the data decision of collection
It is no to close corresponding wavelength signals.
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| JP6814258B1 (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2021-01-13 | 京セラ株式会社 | Fiber optic power supply system |
| CN111721994B (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2022-09-06 | 贵州江源电力建设有限公司 | Distributed voltage detection system for high-voltage transmission line |
| CN115248482B (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2024-04-09 | 中国移动通信有限公司研究院 | Optical switch structure and optical line protection system |
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| US5917635A (en) * | 1996-05-30 | 1999-06-29 | Northern Telecom Limited | Optical repeaters for single-and multi-wavelength operation with dispersion equalization |
| CN101635869A (en) * | 2009-08-24 | 2010-01-27 | 华中科技大学 | Hybrid multiplexing passive optical communication method and hybrid multiplexing passive optical communication network |
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| US5917635A (en) * | 1996-05-30 | 1999-06-29 | Northern Telecom Limited | Optical repeaters for single-and multi-wavelength operation with dispersion equalization |
| CN101635869A (en) * | 2009-08-24 | 2010-01-27 | 华中科技大学 | Hybrid multiplexing passive optical communication method and hybrid multiplexing passive optical communication network |
| EP2372934A1 (en) * | 2010-04-03 | 2011-10-05 | ADVA AG Optical Networking | Optical network element and optical transmission system |
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