CN118040177A

CN118040177A - Heat-resistant protective member and battery

Info

Publication number: CN118040177A
Application number: CN202211393683.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 金海族; 余启勇; 张继承; 刘喜宗; 吕多军; 牛少军; 胥恩东; 肖志伟; 李婷; 李静; 陆甲杰
Original assignee: Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd; Gongyi Van Research Yihui Composite Material Co Ltd
Current assignee: Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd; Gongyi Van Research Yihui Composite Material Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-11-08
Filing date: 2022-11-08
Publication date: 2024-05-14

Abstract

The application discloses a heat-resistant protection piece and a battery. Wherein, the heat-resistant protective piece comprises a reinforcing layer, a functional layer and a reinforcing layer which are sequentially arranged; the functional layer includes a first resin and a filler dispersed within the first resin; the reinforcing layer and the reinforcing layer each comprise a fibrous matrix. By the mode, the thermal shock of the single battery during explosion can be resisted, and the structural integrity can be kept without being broken under the thermal shock, so that effective heat insulation and protection are provided for the battery pack.

Description

Heat-resistant protective member and battery

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a heat-resistant protection piece and a battery.

Background

As the application of battery technology in daily life is becoming widespread, the safety performance of batteries is also becoming more and more important. The nature of the battery safety problem is closely related to thermal runaway, and the safety of the whole car and personnel in the car can be endangered when the battery is in thermal runaway.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the present application is to provide a heat-resistant shield and a battery, which are capable of protecting a battery case from air current impact and high-temperature melting generated when the battery is thermally out of control, thereby enhancing the safety performance of the battery.

In order to solve the technical problems, the application adopts a technical scheme that: providing a heat-resistant protective piece, wherein the heat-resistant protective piece comprises a reinforcing layer, a functional layer and a reinforcing layer which are sequentially arranged; the functional layer includes a first resin and a filler dispersed within the first resin; the reinforcing layer and the reinforcing layer each comprise a fibrous matrix.

In one embodiment of the present application,

The filler is first chopped fibers, and the volume ratio of the first chopped fibers in the functional layer is 50-80%; the first chopped fibers comprise one or more of carbon fibers, silicon carbide fibers, silicon nitride fibers, quartz fibers, aluminum silicate fibers, asbestos fibers, high silica fibers, boron carbon fibers and carbon nanotubes; or (b)

The filler is a first heat reflection filler, and the volume ratio of the first heat reflection filler in the functional layer is 45-75%; the first heat reflective filler comprises one or more of oxides or nitrides of titanium, iron, aluminum, zinc, lanthanum, cerium.

In one embodiment of the present application, the mass content of carbon element in the resin used in the first resin is greater than 40%; the filler comprises a first siliceous filler, and the weight ratio of the first resin to the first siliceous filler is 1:3-1:1.

In one embodiment of the present application, the first siliceous filler includes one or more of silica aerogel powder, quartz powder, mica powder, ceramic micropowder, white carbon black, wollastonite, montmorillonite, and talc.

In one embodiment of the present application, the first siliceous filler comprises silica aerogel powder and mica powder, wherein the mass ratio of the silica aerogel powder to the mica powder is 1:3-1:1.

In one embodiment of the application, the first siliceous filler comprises silica and alumina; the amount of the silicon dioxide is 50-80 wt% of the first silicon-containing filler, and the amount of the aluminum oxide is 10-30 wt% of the first silicon-containing filler.

In one embodiment of the present application, the first filler further comprises a high temperature fluxing agent in an amount of from 10% to 40% by weight of the first siliceous filler.

In one embodiment of the present application, the first high temperature fusion agent comprises one or more of talcum powder, wollastonite, mica powder, kaolin, barium sulfate, and silicon aluminum powder; the material of the first high temperature fluxing agent is different from the material of the first siliceous filler.

In one embodiment of the application, the filler further comprises a first lubricant in an amount of 10-40wt% of the first siliceous filler.

In one embodiment of the present application, the functional layer further includes a first ceramic precursor, wherein a ratio of a volume of the first ceramic precursor to a sum of volumes of the first ceramic precursor and the first resin is less than 50%, or a ratio of a mass of the first ceramic precursor to a sum of masses of the first ceramic precursor and the first resin is less than 50%.

In one embodiment of the application, the first ceramic precursor comprises one or more of a polysilazane resin and a polyborosilazane resin.

In one embodiment of the application, the filler further comprises a first chopped fiber in an amount of 0 to 15wt% of the first siliceous filler.

In one embodiment of the present application, the first chopped fibers include one or more of carbon fibers, silicon carbide fibers, silicon nitride fibers, quartz fibers, aluminum silicate fibers, asbestos fibers, high silica fibers, boron carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes; the length of the first chopped fiber is 0.05-30mm, and the diameter is 1-15 mu m.

In one embodiment of the application, the filler further comprises a first heat reflective filler in an amount of 0-5wt% of the first siliceous filler.

In one embodiment of the application, the first heat reflective filler comprises one or more of oxides or nitrides of titanium, iron, aluminum, zinc, lanthanum, cerium.

In one embodiment of the application, the reinforcing layer, the functional layer and the reinforcing layer are sequentially arranged from the fire facing surface to the back fire surface; the fibrous matrix of the reinforcing layer has a higher melting point than the fibrous matrix of the reinforcing layer.

In one embodiment of the application, the fiber matrix of the reinforcing layer comprises one or more of high silica fiber, quartz fiber, glass fiber and basalt fiber; the fiber matrix of the reinforcing layer comprises one or more of carbon fiber, silicon carbide fiber, silicon nitride fiber, quartz fiber, aluminum silicate fiber, asbestos fiber, high silica fiber and boron carbon fiber.

In one embodiment of the application, the fibrous matrix comprises a fibrous cloth and/or a fibrous felt.

In one embodiment of the application, the fibrous matrix comprises the fibrous cloth and/or the fibrous mat arranged in a stack.

In one embodiment of the application, the fibrous matrix comprises the fibrous cloth; the fiber cloth is one or more of fiber twill fabric, fiber satin fabric, fiber uniaxial fabric and fiber multiaxial fabric.

In one embodiment of the present application, the thickness ratio of the reinforcing layer, the functional layer, and the reinforcing layer is (1-2): (8-10): (1-2).

In one embodiment of the application, the reinforcing layer and/or the stiffening layer is a fibrous matrix.

In one embodiment of the application, the reinforcing layer and/or the reinforcing layer comprises a composite layer comprising a fibrous matrix and a second resin; the second resin is dispersed in the pores of the fiber matrix and/or the surface of the fiber matrix, and the volume ratio of the fiber matrix in the composite layer is 50-75%.

In one embodiment of the present application, the carbon element content in the first resin is greater than 40% by mass; and/or, the mass content of carbon element in the second resin is more than 40%.

In one embodiment of the present application, the first resin has a first viscosity modifier dispersed therein, and the first viscosity modifier is used in an amount of 1-10% by volume of the first resin; and/or the number of the groups of groups,

The first resin is dispersed with a first curing agent; and/or the number of the groups of groups,

The first resin is dispersed with a first flame retardant, and the dosage of the first flame retardant is 5-40% of the mass of the first resin; and/or the number of the groups of groups,

The second resin is dispersed with a second viscosity regulator, and the dosage of the second viscosity regulator is 1-10% of the volume of the second resin; and/or the number of the groups of groups,

A second curing agent is dispersed in the second resin; and/or the number of the groups of groups,

The second resin is dispersed with a second flame retardant, and the dosage of the second flame retardant is 5-40% of the mass of the second resin.

In one embodiment of the application, the first resin comprises a combination of one or more of phenolic resin, furfuryl ketone resin, benzoxazine resin, furan resin, polyurea, and phenolic modified epoxy resin; and/or the second resin comprises a combination of one or more of phenolic resin, furfuryl ketone resin, benzoxazine resin, furan resin, polyurea, and phenolic modified epoxy resin.

In one embodiment of the application, the composite layer further comprises a second siliceous filler comprising 40-70% by volume of the fibrous matrix.

In one embodiment of the present application, the second siliceous filler includes one or more of silica aerogel powder, quartz powder, mica powder, ceramic micropowder, white carbon black, wollastonite, montmorillonite, and talc.

In one embodiment of the present application, the second siliceous filler comprises a combination of silica aerogel powder and mica powder, the mass ratio of the silica aerogel powder to the mica powder being from 1:3 to 1:1.

In one embodiment of the application, the second siliceous filler comprises silica and alumina; the amount of the silicon dioxide is 50-80 wt% of the second siliceous filler, and the amount of the aluminum oxide is 10-30 wt% of the second siliceous filler.

In one embodiment of the application, the composite layer of the stiffening layer further comprises second chopped fibers in an amount of 0-15wt% of the second siliceous filler.

In one embodiment of the present application, the second chopped fibers include one or more of carbon fibers, silicon carbide fibers, silicon nitride fibers, quartz fibers, aluminum silicate fibers, asbestos fibers, high silica fibers, boron carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes; the length of the second chopped fiber is 0.05-30mm, and the diameter is 1-15 mu m.

In one embodiment of the present application, the composite layer further comprises a second high temperature fluxing agent in an amount of 10% to 40% by weight of the second siliceous filler.

In one embodiment of the present application, the second high temperature fusion agent comprises one or more of talc powder, wollastonite, mica powder, kaolin, barium sulfate, and silica-alumina powder; the material of the second high temperature fluxing agent is different from the material of the second siliceous filler.

In one embodiment of the application, the composite layer further comprises a second lubricant in an amount of 10-40wt% of the second siliceous filler.

In one embodiment of the application, the reinforcement layer and/or the reinforcement layer further comprises a second ceramic precursor, the volume of the second ceramic precursor being less than 50% of the sum of the volumes of the second ceramic precursor and the second resin, or the mass of the second ceramic precursor being less than 50% of the sum of the masses of the second ceramic precursor and the second resin.

In one embodiment of the application, the second ceramic precursor comprises one or more of a polysilazane resin, a polyborosilazane resin, and a polycarbosilane resin.

In one embodiment of the application, the composite layer further comprises a second reflective filler in an amount of 5-30wt% of the second siliceous filler.

In one embodiment of the application, the second heat reflective filler comprises one or more of oxides or nitrides of titanium, iron, aluminum, zinc, lanthanum, cerium.

In one embodiment of the present application, the composite layer further comprises a phase change material dispersed in the second resin, the phase change material being present in an amount of 5% to 20% by volume of the fibrous matrix.

In one embodiment of the application, the composite layer further comprises a colorant comprising one or more of carbon black, titanium white, iron black, oily color concentrate, and transition metal colored ionic oxides.

In one embodiment of the application, the heat resistant shield further comprises a getter; the getter is filled in at least one of the reinforcing layer, the functional layer and the stiffening layer; or the getter is arranged between two adjacent layers of the enhancement layer, the functional layer and the reinforcement layer to form a getter layer; or the getter is arranged on one side of the enhancement layer far away from the functional layer to form a getter layer.

In one embodiment of the present application, the getter comprises one or more of carbon molecular sieve, zeolite sieve, graphene, calcium carbonate, talc, and alumina.

In one embodiment of the application, the heat-resistant shield further comprises a thermal insulation layer disposed on a side of the stiffening layer remote from the functional layer.

In one embodiment of the application, the insulation layer comprises an aerogel coating or aerogel blanket.

In one embodiment of the application, the enhancement layer covers the entire functional layer; the reinforcing layer comprises a plurality of sub-reinforcing layers which are arranged at intervals.

In order to solve the technical problems, the application adopts another technical scheme that: there is provided a battery including the heat-resistant shield member according to any one of the above embodiments.

In one embodiment of the application, the battery includes:

the battery unit is provided with a pressure release mechanism on a first wall;

wherein, heat-resisting guard piece with pressure release mechanism sets up relatively.

In one embodiment of the application, the battery includes:

The battery pack comprises a plurality of battery cells, a plurality of battery cells and a plurality of battery cells, wherein the plurality of battery cells comprise adjacent first battery cells and second battery cells, and the first battery cells and the second battery cells are arranged along a first direction;

wherein the heat-resistant protection member is disposed between the first battery cell and the second battery cell.

In one embodiment of the application, a pressure release mechanism is arranged on the battery cell; the enhancement layer covers the entire functional layer; the reinforcing layer comprises a plurality of sub reinforcing layers which are arranged at intervals; wherein, the sub-reinforcement layer corresponds to the pressure release mechanism.

The beneficial effects are that:

the heat-resistant protective piece can resist thermal shock when the single battery is exploded, and structural integrity can be kept without being broken through under the thermal shock, so that effective heat insulation and protection are provided for the battery pack.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 is an exploded view of a battery according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3 is an exploded view of a battery cell according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is an exploded view of a battery according to another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a half-section structure of a battery case according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a battery top cover according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 7 is an exploded view of a battery according to still another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 8 is an exploded view of a battery according to still another embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 9 is a schematic view showing an exploded structure of a battery bottom wall according to an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 10 is a schematic view showing a half-cut structure of a battery case according to another embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 11 is a schematic view showing an exploded structure of a battery bottom wall according to another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 12 is a schematic view showing an exploded structure of a battery according to another embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 13 is a partial schematic structure of a battery of fig. 12;

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of a battery cell and a heat shield in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the structure of a heat resistant shield disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 16 is a schematic view of a heat resistant shield according to another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 17 is a schematic view of a heat resistant shield disclosed in another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 18 is a schematic view of a heat resistant shield according to another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 19 is a schematic view of the structure of a heat resistant shield disclosed in an embodiment of the application;

FIG. 20 is a schematic view of a heat resistant shield according to another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 21 is a schematic view of a heat resistant shield disclosed in another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 22 is a schematic view of a heat resistant shield according to another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 23 is a schematic structural view of a heat resistant shield disclosed in another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 24 is a schematic view of a heat resistant shield disclosed in another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 25 is a schematic view of a heat resistant shield according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 26 is a schematic view of a heat resistant shield disclosed in another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 27 is a schematic view of a heat resistant shield disclosed in another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 28 is a schematic structural view of a heat-resistant shield member disclosed in another embodiment of the present application.

Reference numerals in the specific embodiments are as follows:

Vehicle 1, battery 2, battery cell 6, heat-resistant shield 8, thermal resistance layer 9;

The case 20, the first battery cell 6a, the second battery cell 6b, the electrode assembly 61, the case 62, the electrode terminal 63, the connection member 64, the pressure release mechanism 65, the thermal management component 66, the heat insulation component 67, the first wall 68, the second wall 69, the fiber resin composite layer 81, the fiber base 810, the resin 811, the getter layer 82, the heat insulation layer 83, the functional layer 84, the first resin 841, the filler 842, the reinforcing layer 85, the second resin 850, the reinforcing layer 86;

the first case/top cover 201, the second case/bottom wall 202, the accommodation space 203, the case 621, the end cap 622, the positive electrode terminal 631, the negative electrode terminal 632, the weakened area 661.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the technical scheme of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for more clearly illustrating the technical aspects of the present application, and thus are merely examples, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application; the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof in the description of the application and the claims and the description of the drawings above are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion.

In the description of embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "first," "second," and the like are used merely to distinguish between different objects and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated, a particular order or a primary or secondary relationship. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more unless explicitly defined otherwise.

Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of such phrases in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Those of skill in the art will explicitly and implicitly appreciate that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "and/or" is merely an association relationship describing an association object, and indicates that three relationships may exist, for example, a and/or B may indicate: a exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the front and rear associated objects are an "or" relationship.

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "plurality" means two or more (including two), and similarly, "plural sets" means two or more (including two), and "plural sheets" means two or more (including two).

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. refer to the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present application.

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured" and the like are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; or may be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to specific circumstances.

In the present application, the battery cell may include a lithium metal battery, a sodium metal battery, a magnesium metal battery, or the like, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application. The battery cell may be in a cylindrical, flat, or other shape, and the embodiment of the application is not limited thereto. The battery cells are generally classified into three types according to the packaging method: the cylindrical battery cell, the square battery cell and the soft package battery cell are not limited in this embodiment. For convenience of explanation, the following examples will be described with reference to lithium metal batteries.

Reference to a battery in accordance with an embodiment of the present application refers to a single physical module that includes one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity. For example, the battery referred to in the present application may include a battery module or a battery pack, or the like. The battery generally includes a case for enclosing one or more battery cells. The case body can prevent liquid or other foreign matters from affecting the charge or discharge of the battery cells.

In a new energy battery car, a battery box as an energy source is installed in the car, and a battery in the battery box discharges to drive a motor of the new energy car to operate. With the increasing demands of people on new energy automobiles, the demands on the energy density of batteries are also increasing continuously. For high energy battery systems with silicon doped anodes, when the battery cell or cells within the battery system are thermally out of control, they can generate gases at temperatures > 1500 ℃. When the highest speed of the gas is higher than the sound speed, the heat insulation material mainly containing aerogel in the prior art cannot block the temperature impact and the air flow impact of the high-temperature high-speed air flow, so that the heat insulation material mainly containing aerogel can be thermally and mechanically disintegrated structurally, and the protection is invalid. The high-temperature high-speed air flow rushes through the battery pack box body, so that the battery box body made of the steel plate with the melting point of 1500 ℃ is directly burnt, and the battery box body is continuously burnt for about 30 seconds, so that the main body of the new energy automobile is directly damaged, and the safety of passengers is endangered.

In order to solve the above problems, the embodiment of the application provides a technical scheme. A heat-resistant protection piece is arranged in the battery pack box body, and can block high-temperature and high-speed gas-solid mixture generated when the battery is in thermal runaway, so that the battery box body is protected from air impact and high-temperature melting, and the safety performance of the battery is improved.

The heat-resistant protection piece described in the embodiment of the application is suitable for batteries and electric equipment using the batteries.

The electric equipment can be vehicles, mobile phones, portable equipment, notebook computers, ships, spacecrafts, electric toys, electric tools and the like. The vehicle can be a fuel oil vehicle, a fuel gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid electric vehicle or a range-extended vehicle; spacecraft including airplanes, rockets, space planes, spacecraft, and the like; the electric toy includes fixed or mobile electric toys, such as a game machine, an electric car toy, an electric ship toy, and an electric airplane toy; power tools include metal cutting power tools, grinding power tools, assembly power tools, and railroad power tools, such as electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete shakers, and electric planers, among others. The embodiment of the application does not limit the electric device in particular.

For convenience of explanation, the following examples will be described taking an electric device as an example of a vehicle.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 1 according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 1, the interior of the vehicle 1 is provided with a battery 2, and the battery 2 may be provided at the bottom or at the head or at the tail of the vehicle 1. The battery 2 may be used for power supply of the vehicle 1, for example, the battery 2 may serve as an operating power source of the vehicle 1.

Fig. 2 is an exploded view of a battery 2 according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 2, the battery 2 includes a case 20, a battery cell 6, and a heat-resistant shield 8. The battery cell 6 and the heat-resistant protection 8 are accommodated in the case 20.

The case 20 is for accommodating the battery cells 6. The housing 20 may be of various configurations. In some embodiments, the case 20 may include a first case portion 201 and a second case portion 202, the first case portion 201 and the second case portion 202 being overlapped with each other, the first case portion 201 and the second case portion 202 together defining an accommodating space 203 for accommodating the battery cell 6. The second case 202 may have a hollow structure with one end opened, the first case 201 has a plate-like structure, and the first case 201 is covered on the opening side of the second case 202 to form the case 20 having the accommodation space 203; the first case 201 and the second case 202 may each have a hollow structure with one side opened, and the opening side of the first case 201 is covered with the opening side of the second case 202 to form the case 20 having the accommodation space 203. Of course, the first and second case portions 201 and 202 may be of various shapes, such as a cylinder, a rectangular parallelepiped, or the like.

In order to improve the sealing property after the first case 201 and the second case 202 are connected, a sealing member, such as a sealant, a gasket, or the like, may be provided between the first case 201 and the second case 202.

Assuming that the first housing portion 201 is covered on top of the second housing portion 202, the first housing portion 201 may also be referred to as a top cover and the second housing portion 202 may also be referred to as a bottom wall.

In the battery 2, the number of battery cells 6 is plural. The plurality of battery cells 6 can be connected in series or in parallel, and the series-parallel connection refers to that the plurality of battery cells 6 are connected in series or in parallel. The plurality of battery cells 6 can be directly connected in series or in parallel or in series-parallel, and then the whole formed by the plurality of battery cells 6 is accommodated in the box body 20; of course, a plurality of battery cells 6 may be connected in series or parallel or series-parallel to form a battery module (not shown in the figure), and then connected in series or parallel or series-parallel to form a whole and accommodated in the case 20. The plurality of battery cells 6 in the battery module may be electrically connected through the bus bar member to realize parallel connection or series-parallel connection of the plurality of battery cells 6 in the battery module.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a battery cell 6 according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 3, the battery cell 6 includes one or more electrode assemblies 61, a case 621, and an end cap 622. The housing 621 and end cap 622 form the outer shell or battery compartment 62. The wall of the case 621 and the end cap 622 are referred to as the wall of the battery cell 6, wherein for a rectangular parallelepiped type battery cell 6, the wall of the case 621 includes a bottom wall and four side walls. The case 621 is dependent on the shape of the combined one or more electrode assemblies 61, for example, the case 621 may be a hollow rectangular parallelepiped or square or cylindrical body, and one face of the case 621 has an opening so that one or more electrode assemblies 61 may be placed in the case 621. For example, when the housing 621 is a hollow rectangular parallelepiped or square, one of the flat surfaces of the housing 621 is an opening surface, i.e., the flat surface has no wall body so that the inside and outside of the housing 621 communicate. When the housing 621 may be a hollow cylinder, the end face of the housing 621 is an opening face, i.e., the end face has no wall body so that the inside and outside of the housing 621 communicate. End cap 622 covers the opening and is connected to case 621 to form a closed cavity in which electrode assembly 61 is placed. The housing 621 is filled with an electrolyte, such as an electrolyte solution.

The battery cell 6 may further include two electrode terminals 63, and the two electrode terminals 63 may be disposed on the end cap 622. The end cap 622 is generally in the shape of a flat plate, and two electrode terminals 63 are fixed to the flat plate surface of the end cap 622, the two electrode terminals 63 being a positive electrode terminal 631 and a negative electrode terminal 632, respectively. One connection member 64, or may also be referred to as a current collecting member 64, is provided for each electrode terminal 63, and is located between the end cap 622 and the electrode assembly 61 for electrically connecting the electrode assembly 61 and the electrode terminal 63.

In the battery cell 6, the battery pole assemblies 61 may be provided in a single unit or in a plurality of units according to actual use requirements, and as shown in fig. 3,4 independent electrode cell assemblies 61 are provided in the battery cell 6.

The battery cell 6 may also be provided with a pressure release mechanism 65. The pressure release mechanism 65 is used to actuate to release the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 6 when the internal pressure or temperature reaches a threshold.

Fig. 4 is a schematic exploded view of a battery according to another embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 4, the battery 2 includes a battery cell 6, and a pressure release mechanism 65 is disposed on a first wall of the battery cell 6; heat-resistant protection 8, heat-resistant protection 8 is disposed opposite pressure release mechanism 65.

In the embodiment of the present application, the pressure release mechanism 65 is a structural member that is actuated to release the internal pressure of the battery cell 6 when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 6 reaches a threshold value. For example, the pressure release mechanism 65 may be a temperature-sensitive pressure release mechanism configured to be able to melt when the internal temperature of the battery cell 6 provided with the pressure release mechanism 65 reaches a threshold value; and/or the pressure release mechanism 65 may be a pressure sensitive pressure release mechanism configured to be able to rupture when the internal air pressure of the battery cell 6 provided with the pressure release mechanism 65 reaches a threshold value, the present application is not limited in any way as to the type of pressure release mechanism.

The battery 2 comprises a battery cell 6, and a pressure release mechanism 65 for protecting the battery cell 6 is arranged on a first wall of the battery cell 6. The battery 2 further comprises a heat resistant shield 8, the heat resistant shield 8 being arranged opposite the pressure relief mechanism 65, i.e. the heat resistant shield 8 is facing the pressure relief mechanism 65.

In the above scheme, through setting up pressure release mechanism 65 and heat-resisting protector 8 relatively, when the inside thermal runaway that takes place of battery monomer 6, polymer matrix composite fiber's heat-resisting protector 8 can block the high temperature and the high-speed gas-solid mixture that pressure release mechanism 65 released, protects the battery case from the air current impact and high temperature melting to guarantee the safety of battery 2.

In the scheme, the fiber reinforced resin composite board is prepared by taking the resin in the high polymer material as the matrix and used as the heat-resistant protective piece 8, and compared with other high polymer material matrixes, the fiber reinforced resin composite board has better high temperature resistance and impact resistance.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 4, the battery cell 6 is accommodated in the case 20, and the first wall is a wall of the battery cell 6 adjacent to the top cover 201 of the case 20 and disposed opposite to the top cover 201.

When the first wall is a wall of the battery cell 6 that is close to the top cover 201 of the case 20 and is disposed opposite to the top cover 201, the pressure release mechanism 65 is close to and faces the top cover 201.

In the above-described arrangement, the heat-resistant shield 8 is provided between the pressure release mechanism 65 and the top cover 201. When the battery unit 6 is out of control, the pressure release mechanism 65 releases the temperature and pressure inside the battery unit 6, and the heat-resistant protection piece 8 of the polymer matrix composite fiber can block the high-temperature and high-speed gas-solid mixture released by the pressure release mechanism 65, so as to protect the top cover 201 of the battery 2 from air impact and high-temperature melting, and further protect the safety of the battery 2.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing a half-cut structure of a battery case according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 5, the heat-resistant shield 8 is optionally provided integrally with the top cover 201.

The heat-resistant protection 8 is integrally provided with the top cover 201, for example, as a patch to be attached to the surface of the top cover 201, that is, the heat-resistant protection 8 and the top cover 201 may be used together as the top cover 201 of the battery 2, and the heat-resistant protection 8 may be used alone as the top cover 201 of the battery 2 as shown in fig. 5.

In the above-described scheme, when heat-resistant shield 8 is used as top cover 201 of battery 2 together with top cover 201, top cover 201 of battery 2 has a two-layer structure, and heat-resistant shield 8 protects top cover 201, thereby better protecting safety of battery 2. When the heat-resistant protection 8 alone is used as the top cover 201 of the battery 2, the heat-resistant protection 8 can not only maintain the top cover 201 of the battery 2 from high temperature and air flow, but also make the structure of the battery 2 simpler and reduce the production cost of the battery 2.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a top cover according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 6, when the heat-resistant protector 8 is integrally provided with the top cover 201, the top cover 201 may be irregularly shaped. In the embodiment of the present application, the top cover 201 may be square, circular, etc., and the present application is not limited thereto, i.e., any shape of the top cover 201 and the heat-resistant protection 8 may be manufactured according to specific product needs during the production process.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 4, the heat-resistant shield 8 is provided between the top cover 201 and the first wall.

The heat-resistant shield 8 is provided between the top cover 201 and the first wall, i.e. the pressure release mechanism 65 is directed towards the top cover 201, and the heat-resistant shield 8 is provided between the top cover 201 and the pressure release mechanism 65.

In the above-described embodiment, the heat-resistant protector 8 is provided between the top cover 201 and the pressure release mechanism 65, and the pressure release mechanism 65 faces the top cover 201. The heat-resistant protection 8 thus directly protects the top cover 201 so that the top cover 201, which is faced by the pressure release mechanism 65, is protected from the high temperature and the impact of the air flow to secure the safety of the battery 2.

With continued reference to fig. 4, the heat resistant shield 8 may alternatively be the same size as the overcap 201.

The heat-resistant protection 8 is provided between the top cover 201 and the pressure release structure 65, and the heat-resistant protection 8 is made to be the same size as the top cover 201, so that the heat-resistant protection 8 can protect the top cover 201 more comprehensively.

In the above-mentioned scheme, when the heat-resistant protection member 8 is disposed between the top cover 201 and the pressure release mechanism 65 and the heat-resistant protection member 8 and the top cover 201 are made to have the same size, the heat-resistant protection member 8 not only can more comprehensively protect the top cover 201, so that the top cover 201 is prevented from the high-temperature and high-speed gas-solid mixture released by the pressure release mechanism 65, but also can improve the sealing effect on the inside of the battery 2. In addition, the heat-resistant protection 8 and the top cover 201 have the same size, so that the assembly is facilitated, and the assembly difficulty is reduced.

Fig. 7 is a schematic exploded view of a battery according to still another embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 7, the heat-resistant shielding member 8 may alternatively be smaller in size than the top cover 201.

In the above-described arrangement, the heat-resistant shield 8 is provided between the top cover 201 and the first wall provided with the pressure release mechanism 65. When the heat-resistant protection 8 is smaller in size than the top cover 201, the heat-resistant protection 8 can protect the top cover 201 to improve the safety performance of the battery 2, and can reduce the production cost.

Fig. 8 is a schematic exploded view of a battery according to still another embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 8, the heat resistant shield 8 is optionally a strip-like plate, the projection of the heat resistant shield 8 onto the first wall covering the pressure relief mechanism 65.

The shape of the heat-resistant protection 8 may be a bar shape as shown in fig. 8, a circular shape, or any other shape, as long as the projection of the heat-resistant protection 8 onto the first wall is made to cover the pressure release mechanism 65, and the function of protecting the case of the battery 2 can be achieved, and the shape of the heat-resistant protection 8 is not limited in the present application.

In the above-described aspect, the heat-resistant shield 8 is provided between the top cover 201 and the first wall. When the heat-resistant protection 8 is in a strip shape and the projection on the first wall covers the pressure release mechanism 65, the heat-resistant protection 8 can maintain a good protection effect on the top cover 201 on the one hand, and can reduce the cost to the greatest extent on the other hand, avoiding the waste of the material in the non-protection area.

Alternatively, the heat-resistant shield 8 is connected to the top cover 201 by bolts or by gluing.

There are various ways of connecting the heat-resistant protector 8 to the top cover 201, as long as the fixation of both is achieved, and the present application is not limited in any way. But in the actual production process, a convenient and fast connection mode with strong operability is selected, which is favorable for wide popularization in actual application.

In the above-mentioned scheme, the connection between the heat-resistant protection 8 and the top cover 201 is realized by using bolts or gluing, and the connection mode is simple to realize, has strong operability and is beneficial to wide application in production.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the bottom wall of the battery according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 9, alternatively, the battery cell 6 is accommodated in the case 20, and the first wall is a wall of the battery cell 6 adjacent to the bottom wall 202 of the case 20 and disposed opposite to the bottom wall 202.

When the first wall is a wall of the battery cell 6 adjacent to the bottom wall 202 of the case 20 and disposed opposite to the bottom wall 202, the pressure release mechanism 65 is adjacent to and faces the bottom wall 202.

In the above-described solution, the heat-resistant protection 8 is arranged between the pressure release mechanism 65 and the bottom wall 202. When the battery unit 6 is out of control, the pressure release mechanism 65 releases the temperature and pressure inside the battery unit 6, and the heat-resistant protection piece 8 of the polymer matrix composite fiber can block the high-temperature and high-speed gas-solid mixture released by the pressure release mechanism 65, so as to protect the bottom wall 202 of the battery 2 from air impact and high-temperature melting, and further protect the safety of the battery 2.

Fig. 10 is a schematic view showing a half-cut structure of a battery case according to another embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 10, the heat resistant shield 8 is optionally provided integrally with the bottom wall 202.

The heat-resistant protection 8 is provided integrally with the bottom wall 202, i.e. the heat-resistant protection 8 and the bottom wall 202 may together serve as the bottom wall 202 of the battery 2, and the heat-resistant protection 8 may also serve as the bottom wall 202 of the battery 2 alone, as shown in fig. 10.

In the above-described scheme, when the heat-resistant protection member 8 is used as the bottom wall 202 of the battery 2 together with the bottom wall 202, the bottom wall 202 of the battery 2 has a two-layer structure, and the heat-resistant protection member 8 protects the bottom wall 202, thereby better protecting the safety of the battery 2. When the heat-resistant protection 8 alone is used as the bottom wall 202 of the battery 2, the heat-resistant protection 8 can not only maintain the bottom wall 202 of the battery 2 from high temperature and air flow, but also make the structure of the battery 2 simpler and reduce the production cost of the battery 2.

When the pressure release mechanism 65 inside the battery 2 faces only the top cover 201, the heat-resistant protection 8 is integrally provided with the top cover 201 to protect the safety of the battery 2; when the pressure release mechanism 65 is directed only toward the bottom wall 202, the heat-resistant protection 8 is integrally provided with the bottom wall 202 to protect the safety of the battery 2. When the pressure release mechanism 65 inside the battery 2 exists toward both the top cover 201 and the bottom wall 202, as shown in fig. 10, the heat-resistant protection 8 may be provided at both the top cover 201 and the bottom wall 202. The present application is not particularly limited in the arrangement of the heat-resistant protection 8 in the battery 2, as long as the heat-resistant protection 8 is present in the pressure release mechanism 65 of the battery cell 6 in the battery 2 against the wall, that is, the heat-resistant protection 8 may be the top cover 201, the bottom wall 202, and the side walls. In addition, the heat-resistant protection member 8 may be a cross beam in the battery 2, and the specific position of the heat-resistant protection member 8 may be modified according to the arrangement position of the battery cells 6 in the battery 2, or may be set at any position in the battery 2 according to practical application requirements.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 9, the heat-resistant shield 8 is disposed between the bottom wall 202 and the first wall.

The heat resistant shield 8 is arranged between the bottom wall 202 and the first wall, i.e. the pressure relief mechanism 65 is facing the bottom wall 202, and the heat resistant shield 8 is arranged between the bottom wall 202 and the pressure relief mechanism 65.

In the above-described embodiment, the heat-resistant protection 8 is provided between the bottom wall 202 and the pressure release mechanism 65, and the pressure release mechanism 65 faces the top cover 201. The heat-resistant protection 8 thus protects the bottom wall 202 directly, so that the bottom wall 202, which is faced by the pressure release mechanism 65, is protected from the high temperature and the air flow, to ensure the safety of the battery 2.

Optionally, as shown in fig. 9, a thermal management component 66 is disposed between the heat resistant guard 8 and the first wall, the thermal management component 66 being configured to contain a fluid to regulate the temperature of the battery cells 6.

The thermal management component 66 is for containing a fluid to regulate the temperature of the battery cells 6. The fluid here may be a liquid or a gas, and the temperature adjustment means heating or cooling the battery cell 6. In the case of cooling or cooling the battery cells 6, the thermal management component 66 is configured to contain a cooling fluid to reduce the temperature of the battery cells 6, and at this time, the thermal management component 66 may also be referred to as a cooling component, a cooling system, a cooling plate, or the like, and the fluid contained therein may also be referred to as a cooling medium or cooling fluid, and more specifically, may be referred to as a cooling liquid or cooling gas. In addition, the thermal management component 66 may also be used for heating to warm the battery cells 6, which is not limited in this embodiment of the application. Alternatively, the fluid may be circulated to achieve better temperature regulation. Alternatively, the fluid may be water, a mixture of water and ethylene glycol, or air, etc.

In the above-mentioned scheme, the heat-resistant protection piece 8 is arranged between the first wall and the box body of the battery 2 or the heat-resistant protection piece 8 is directly used as the box body of the battery 2 to protect the box body of the battery 2 from high temperature and air flow impact, thereby protecting the safety of the battery 2. A thermal management component for adjusting the temperature of the battery cell 6 is provided between the first wall and the heat-resistant protection 8, and the battery cell 6 can be temperature-adjusted according to the needs of the battery cell 6 so that the battery cell 6 can work normally.

Optionally, the thermal management component 66 is provided with a zone of weakness 661 disposed opposite the pressure relief mechanism 65, the zone of weakness 661 being configured to be breakable by emissions of the battery cell 6 upon actuation of the pressure relief mechanism 65 such that the emissions pass through the zone of weakness 661.

The weakened areas 661 may take a variety of configurations that facilitate the destruction of emissions, and embodiments of the present application are not limited in this regard.

The thermal management component 66 may have thermally conductive material to form a fluid flow path. The fluid flows in the flow channels and conducts heat through the thermally conductive material to regulate the temperature of the battery cells 6. In embodiments of the present application, the weakened areas 661 may be of a thermally conductive material only and not of a fluid, and have formed a thinner layer of thermally conductive material, which is thus easily damaged by emissions. For example, the side of the weakened region 661 adjacent to the bottom wall 202 may be a layer of thermally conductive material to form the weakened region 661.

In the above-described scheme, the heat-resistant protection 8 is disposed between the first wall and the case of the battery 2 or the heat-resistant protection 8 directly serves as the case of the battery 2, so that the safety of the battery 2 can be protected. The provision of the thermal management component 66 between the first wall and the heat-resistant shield 8 allows for temperature regulation of the battery cells 6 according to the actual requirements of the battery cells 6 to ensure proper functioning of the battery cells 6. The weak area 661 is arranged on the thermal management component 66, so that when the weak area 661 is damaged by air flow impact or high temperature, the discharged matters can pass through the weak area 661 to be rapidly discharged away from the battery cells 6, the danger of the discharged matters to the battery 2 is reduced, and the safety performance of the battery 2 is further enhanced.

Fig. 11 is a schematic view showing an exploded structure of a battery bottom wall according to another embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 11, in one embodiment of the present application, a heat insulating member 67 is provided between the heat-resistant protector 8 and the case 20.

In the above-mentioned scheme, adding the heat-resistant protection 8 between the first wall provided with the pressure release mechanism 65 and the case 20 can protect the case 20 of the battery 2 from high-temperature and high-speed air flow. The heat insulation member 67 is further provided between the heat-resistant protection member 8 and the case 20, so that the temperature of the case 20 can be further reduced, and the safety of the battery 2 can be protected.

Optionally, the air component 67 is an air sandwich.

The heat insulating member 67 is added to further reduce the temperature of the case 20, and the use of an air interlayer as the heat insulating member 67 greatly reduces the transfer of heat from the inside of the battery 2 to the case 20, so that the heat insulating effect is very remarkable.

In the above-mentioned scheme, the air interlayer is arranged between the heat-resistant protection piece 8 and the box body 20 as the heat insulation component 67, so that the temperature of the box body 20 can be further reduced, and the safety performance of the battery 2 can be enhanced.

Fig. 12 shows a schematic structural view of the battery 2 according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 4, the battery 2 includes a plurality of battery cells 6, the plurality of battery cells 6 includes adjacent first battery cells 6a and second battery cells 6b, the first battery cells 6a and the second battery cells 6b are arranged along a first direction x, the battery 2 further includes a heat-resistant protection member 8, and the heat-resistant protection member 8 is disposed between the first battery cells 6a and the second battery cells 6 b.

A heat-resistant protection member 8 is provided between the first battery cell 6a and the second battery cell 6b, and when thermal runaway occurs in part of the battery cells 6 in the battery 2, the heat-resistant protection member 8 can prevent the battery cells 6 having thermal runaway from transmitting heat to the adjacent battery cells 6, thereby avoiding thermal runaway diffusion, effectively preventing thermal runaway diffusion in the battery 2, and thus enhancing the safety of the battery 2.

In the embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 13, the heat-resistant protection 8 is disposed between the first wall 68 of the first battery cell 6a and the second wall 69 of the second battery cell 6b, the first wall 68 being the wall with the largest surface area of the first battery cell 6a, and the second wall 69 being the wall with the largest surface area of the second battery cell 6 b.

The heat-resistant protection 8 is disposed between the walls of the adjacent two battery cells 6 having the largest surface areas, so that the heat-resistant protection 8 prevents the thermal runaway diffusion of the battery cells 6 to a greater extent and is more advantageous in preventing the thermal runaway diffusion of the battery 2.

It should be understood that the heat-resistant protection 8 may also be disposed between other walls of two adjacent battery cells 6, and if there are adjacent battery cells 6 around one battery cell 6, then four side walls thereof may be provided with heat-resistant protection 8 opposite to the side walls, and may also be disposed according to the arrangement situation and space requirement of the battery cells 6 in the battery 2, which is not limited in this application.

As shown in fig. 14, two heat-resistant shields 8 are provided between the first battery cell 6a and the second battery cell 6b, and a heat-resistant layer 9 is interposed between the two heat-resistant shields 8. The thermal resistance layer 9 is arranged between the two heat-resistant protection pieces 8 to form a sandwich structure, so that the heat-resistant protection pieces 8 can protect the thermal resistance layer 9 from being extruded and deformed by the battery monomers 20, the thermal resistance layer 9 can better play a role of heat insulation, and the thermal resistance layer 9 can be ensured to effectively prevent the thermal runaway of the battery 2 from being diffused. In particular, the thermal resistance layer 9 may be an aerogel blanket. It will be appreciated that the heat resistant shield 8 of the present application may be provided at any location in the battery where thermal protection is desired, the above embodiments being merely illustrative.

Referring to fig. 15, some embodiments of the present application provide a heat resistant shield 8, the heat resistant shield 8 comprising a composite layer comprising a fibrous matrix 810 and a resin 811, wherein the resin 811 is dispersed within the pores of the fibrous matrix 810 and/or the surface of the fibrous matrix 810. That is, the heat-resistant protector 8 includes a Fiber Resin (FR) composite layer 81.

The shape and size of the heat-resistant shield 8 provided by the present application are not limited, and the present application will be described by taking a plate-shaped heat-resistant shield as an example. The heat-resistant protection piece 8 can be arranged in the battery cell and opposite to the pressure release mechanism, can also be arranged between different battery cells, and can also be directly prepared into an upper cover or a bottom cover of the battery cell or a battery pack.

The fiber matrix 810 can provide high-temperature mechanical properties, impact of high-temperature particles and air flow is resisted, the continuous fiber matrix 810 has better mechanical strength and impact toughness, in the thermal shock process, solid slag in the battery core can be sprayed out along with the heat flow and blocked by the fiber matrix 810, the self deformation is utilized to absorb the impact force of flame heat flow, the slag is continuously attached to the fiber matrix 810 to form a barrier, and the thermal flow impact is further resisted. The volume fraction of the fibrous matrix 810 in the composite layer is 50% -75%, e.g., 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, etc. It will be appreciated that the higher the content of the fibrous matrix 810, the more strength and toughness of the heat-resistant shield 8 can be ensured. If the volume ratio of the fiber matrix 810 in the composite layer is less than 50%, the strength and toughness of the heat-resistant protective member 8 are poor, whereas if the volume ratio of the fiber matrix 810 in the composite layer is more than 75%, it is difficult to disperse the resin 811 in the pores of the entire fiber matrix 810 and/or the surface of the fiber matrix 810 to form a composite structure having a strong bonding force.

The fibers of the fiber matrix 810 include one or more of carbon fibers, silicon carbide fibers, silicon nitride fibers, quartz fibers, aluminum silicate fibers, asbestos fibers, high silica fibers, boron carbon fibers, and carbon nanotubes, and are effective against thermal shock. In some embodiments, the fibrous matrix 810 comprises a fibrous cloth and/or a fibrous felt, wherein the fibrous cloth is a weave of long fibers, which may be one or more of a fibrous twill, a fibrous satin, a fibrous uniaxial, and a fibrous multiaxial; fibrous mats are sheetlike articles made from long or chopped fibers held together unidirectionally by chemical binders or mechanical action. The long fibers are continuous filaments, and the chopped fibers are cut products of the continuous filaments; long fibers and chopped fibers are relative concepts and the specific dimensions may be selected based on the dimensions of the fibrous matrix 810.

In some embodiments, the fiber cloth and/or fiber mat in the fiber matrix 810 may be one or more layers, and in one embodiment, the fiber matrix 810 includes a stacked arrangement of fiber cloths and/or fiber mats, for example, a plurality of stacked arrangement of fiber cloths, a plurality of stacked arrangement of fiber mats, or a stacked arrangement of fiber cloths and fiber mats. Two or more layers of fiber cloth and/or fiber mat may be bonded and cured by resin 811.

The resin 811 is dispersed within the pores of the fiber matrix 810 and/or covers the upper and lower surfaces of the fiber matrix 810. The manner in which the fiber matrix 810 and the resin 811 are compounded is not limited, and specifically, a fiber cloth and/or a fiber mat may be impregnated with the resin 811 and then cured to form a composite layer such that the resin 811 is dispersed in the pores of the fiber matrix 810 and/or cured on the upper and lower surfaces of the fiber matrix 810. It is to be understood that the composite layer may be formed by laminating a fiber cloth and/or a fiber mat with the sheet-like resin 811 and then hot-pressing. Upon receiving thermal shock, the resin 811 can char to absorb heat to form a char layer against thermal penetration. The resin 811 includes a combination of one or more of phenolic resin, benzoxazine resin, furan resin, polyurea, and phenolic modified epoxy resin. The furan resin includes furfuryl ketone resin. Wherein the resin 811 has high carbon content, the cracking temperature of the resin 811 is high, and the resin 811 can absorb more heat and resist thermal shock, and in some embodiments of the application, the mass content of carbon element in the resin 811 is more than 40%, preferably the mass content of carbon element in the resin 811 is more than 50%.

In some embodiments, the manner in which the fibrous matrix 810 and the resin 811 are compounded is not limited to specifically include: the multi-layer fiber cloth is soaked in resin 811 and then laminated, and the curing condition is that the molding is carried out firstly, wherein the molding temperature is 130-150 ℃, the molding time is 20-40min, and then the baking is carried out in an oven, wherein the baking temperature is 120-180 ℃, and the baking time is 1-4h. The other mode is to perform semi-curing and further curing on the prefabricated member of the heat-resistant protection member 8, specifically, after the multi-layer fiber cloth is immersed in resin 811, the multi-layer fiber cloth is respectively kept at 25 ℃ for standing until the surface is dried (semi-curing) or is subjected to mould pressing/oven drying at 50-80 ℃ for 10-40min until the surface is dried (semi-curing), and then the semi-cured prefabricated member of the heat-resistant protection member is laminated and set for curing under the condition that the mould pressing is performed firstly, wherein the mould pressing temperature is 130-160 ℃, the mould pressing time is 10-40min, and then the baking is performed in an oven, wherein the baking temperature is 150-200 ℃ and the baking time is 1-4h.

Further, in some embodiments, a viscosity modifier is dispersed in the resin 811, the viscosity modifier including one or more of methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate, acetone, and butanone, for reducing the viscosity of the resin 811, facilitating the infiltration, and production of a uniform product of the resin 811 and the fibers, and reducing the viscosity of the resin 811 facilitates the addition of a filler 842, such as a functional material including silicon-containing particles or chopped fibers. The viscosity modifier is used in an amount of 1-10% by volume of the resin 811, for example, 1%, 3%, 5%, 7% or 10%, etc.; when the amount of the viscosity modifier is less than 1%, the resin 811 has a large viscosity and poor fluidity, and it is difficult to form a product having a uniform thickness; when the amount of the viscosity modifier is more than 10%, the small viscosity and high fluidity of the resin 811 may cause the solvent of the resin 811 to volatilize during the process of forming the composition, resulting in bubble defects in the product. In addition, in some embodiments, when it is desired to increase the viscosity of the resin 811, it is generally desirable to heat the resin 811 to volatilize the solvent in the resin 811 prior to compounding the resin 811 with the fiber matrix 810.

Alternatively, in some embodiments, a curing agent may be dispersed in the resin 811, which can effectively shorten the curing time of the resin 811, facilitating large-scale and mass production of the heat-resistant shield 8. For example, the curing agent used in the phenolic resin is urotropine as the curing agent, the dosage of urotropine is 2.5-3% of the mass of the phenolic resin, the curing agent used in the furfuryl ketone resin is phosphoric acid curing agent, and the dosage of phosphoric acid curing agent is 6-7% of the mass of the furfuryl ketone resin. In other embodiments, the benzoxazine resin, furan resin, polyurea does not use a curing agent.

Optionally, in some embodiments, a flame retardant may also be dispersed in the resin 811 for preventing combustion of the heat resistant guard 8, which may include one or more of ammonium polyphosphate, aluminum hydroxide, DOPO. The amount of the flame retardant is 5 to 40% by mass of the resin 811, for example, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35% or 40% by mass, etc.

In some embodiments, the resin 811 has a phase change material dispersed therein in an amount of 5% -20%, e.g., 5%, 10%, 15%, or 20%, etc., of the volume of the fiber matrix 810, the phase change material being capable of absorbing heat to provide resistance to thermal shock and being capable of reducing heat transfer from a fire facing back to a fire face. Specifically, the phase change material may employ a hydrated salt component such as sodium sulfate decahydrate (Na ₂SO₄·10H₂ O), calcium chloride hexahydrate (CaCl ₂·6H₂ O), magnesium chloride hexahydrate (MgCl ₂·6H₂ O).

In some embodiments, the heat resistant shield 8 further comprises a ceramic precursor. Under the action of thermal shock, the ceramic precursor can generate ceramic materials such as SiCN and/or SiCNO, so that the temperature resistance and flame impact resistance of the heat-resistant protection piece 8 can be improved. The ceramic precursor may include one or more of polysilazane resin, polyborosilazane resin, and polycarbosilane resin. On the one hand, the ceramic precursors cause the heat-resistant protective member to have reduced bending strength at normal temperature, and on the other hand, the ceramic precursors react at high temperature to produce ceramic materials without reducing the temperature resistance and flame impact resistance of the heat-resistant protective member 8. In one embodiment, the ratio of the volume of the ceramic precursor to the sum of the volumes of the ceramic precursor and the resin 811 is less than 50%, or the ratio of the mass of the ceramic precursor to the sum of the masses of the ceramic precursor and the resin 811 is less than 50%, to ensure that the heat resistant shield has a good flexural strength at ordinary temperature while controlling the cost of the heat resistant shield 8, thereby maintaining the market competitive advantage of the heat resistant shield 8 while improving the temperature resistance and flame impact resistance of the heat resistant shield 8.

The manner of adding the ceramic precursor to the heat-resistant protector 8 is not limited, and the ceramic precursor may be dispersed in the pores between the fiber substrates 810 together with the resin 811 and/or may cover the upper and lower surfaces of the fiber substrates 810, and the ceramic precursor may be directly provided on the surface of the fiber-resin composite layer 81, or may be laminated with the fiber-resin composite layer 81 after the ceramic precursor is combined with the fiber substrates 810.

In some embodiments, the fibrous matrix 810 may include a first fibrous matrix and a second fibrous matrix, wherein the resin 811 may be dispersed within the voids of the first fibrous matrix and/or cover opposing surfaces of the first fibrous matrix forming a first composite layer; the ceramic precursor is dispersed in the pores of the second fiber matrix and/or covers the two opposite surfaces of the second fiber matrix to form a second composite layer, and the first composite layer and the second composite layer are laminated to form a laminated structure. In one embodiment, two first composite layers sandwich at least one second composite layer to form a laminate structure. In another embodiment, two second composite layers sandwich at least one first composite layer to form a laminate structure. In another embodiment, a plurality of first composite layers and a plurality of second composite layers are alternately stacked.

In some embodiments, the mixture of resin 811 and ceramic precursor slurry is dispersed within the pores of the fibrous matrix 810 and/or covers opposite surfaces of the fibrous matrix 810 by dip curing; for example, the ceramic precursor slurry is prepared by mixing resin 811 with polysilazane, impregnating the mixture of resin 811 and polysilazane with a fiber cloth, and curing under the conditions of molding at 50-80 ℃ for 20-40min, heating to 130-150 ℃ for 20-40min, and then baking in an oven at 150-180 ℃ for 1-2h to complete curing. In other embodiments, the ceramic precursor is applied as a slurry to one surface of the composite layer, or to opposite surfaces of the composite layer.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 16, the heat resistant shield 8 further includes a filler 842, the filler 842 may include one or more of a siliceous filler, a high temperature fluxing agent, a lubricant, and a heat reflective filler.

The siliceous filler may be coated on the surface of the composite layer or embedded in the resin 811. For example, the silicon-containing filler is sprayed on the surface of the composite layer, and then the silicon-containing filler is embedded into the resin 811 by hot pressing, for example, the hot pressing temperature is 120 ℃ to 160 ℃ and the hot pressing time is 20min to 40min, and the composite layer is baked for 1h to 3h at 130 ℃ to 180 ℃ after hot pressing; or a siliceous filler is dispersed in the resin 811 and impregnated with the resin in which the siliceous filler is dispersed. The amount of siliceous filler is 40-70% by volume. Typically, under 1200 ℃, the siliceous filler can begin to melt at high temperatures and gasification of the siliceous filler can absorb significant amounts of heat. The silicon-containing filler begins to melt and react with the carbon layer formed by the resin 811 to form solid silicon carbide, which can resist high-temperature erosion and high-temperature shearing and stretching or compression, and can effectively improve the mechanical properties of the heat-resistant protective piece 8 and avoid the heat-resistant protective piece 8 from being broken.

In some embodiments, the siliceous filler comprises one or a combination of more of silica aerogel powder, quartz powder, mica powder, ceramic micropowder, white carbon black, wollastonite, montmorillonite, talc. The quartz powder comprises silicon dioxide micropowder. In one embodiment, the siliceous filler comprises silica aerogel powder and mica powder in a mass ratio of 1:3 to 1:1. The silica aerogel is a porous material with mesopores, has extremely low heat conductivity coefficient, and when the heat-resistant protection piece 8 is subjected to thermal shock, the temperature of the fire facing surface of the heat-resistant protection piece 8 is rapidly increased to form a steep temperature gradient, and the silica aerogel can delay heat transfer from the fire facing surface of the heat-resistant protection piece 8 to the back fire surface. The shrinkage of the pore structure of the silica aerogel powder is easy to occur under the high temperature of 800-1000 ℃, and the heat transfer effect of the heat-resistant protection piece 8 facing the fire and the back fire is delayed to be weakened. The mica powder and the silicon dioxide aerogel are combined for use, the mica has good heat resistance and heat insulation, the mica becomes brittle at 800-1000 ℃, but the structure is not destroyed, the heat insulation performance can be still maintained, and the mica structure is destroyed at 1050-1100 ℃. When the temperature of the fire facing surface of the heat-resistant protection piece 8 is raised to 1200 ℃, silicon starts to melt and react with the resin carbon layer to form porous solid silicon carbide so as to resist thermal shock, heat transfer from the fire facing surface to the back fire surface is reduced, and a large amount of heat can be absorbed and taken away in the process so as to further resist the thermal shock.

In other embodiments, the siliceous filler comprises silica and aluminum oxide, wherein the aluminum oxide can increase the temperature resistance of the silica, and wherein the silica can react with the resin carbonized char layer to form silicon carbide under the high temperature of thermal shock. The silicon dioxide is 50-80 wt% of silicon-containing filler, and the aluminum oxide is 10-30 wt% of silicon-containing filler.

In some embodiments, filler 842 is a high temperature fluxing agent, i.e., heat resistant shield 8 further comprises a high temperature fluxing agent that has a low melting point that aids in the melting or vaporization of the siliceous filler to form solid silicon carbide with the char layer formed by carbonization of resin 811. The amount of high temperature fluxing agent is 40-70% of the volume of the fibrous matrix 810; the high-temperature fusion agent comprises one or more of talcum powder, wollastonite, mica powder, kaolin, barium sulfate and silicon aluminum powder. Wherein, talcum powder can also be used as a lubricant to facilitate the shaping of the composition. In some embodiments, the high temperature fusion agent is coated on the surface of the composite layer or dispersed in the resin 811. For example, a high-temperature fusion agent is sprayed on the surface of the composite layer, and then the high-temperature fusion agent is embedded into the resin 811 by hot pressing; alternatively, a high-temperature fusion agent is dispersed in the resin 811, and the fiber base 810 is impregnated with the resin 811 in which the high-temperature fusion agent is dispersed.

In embodiments including a siliceous filler, filler 842 also includes a high temperature fusion agent. That is, the heat-resistant shield 8 includes a siliceous filler and a high-temperature fusion agent, wherein the high-temperature fusion agent is used in an amount of 10wt% to 40wt%, such as 10wt%, 15wt%, 20wt%, 25wt%, 30wt%, 35wt%, 40wt%, or the like, of the siliceous filler. The high-temperature fusion agent comprises one or more of talcum powder, wollastonite, mica powder, kaolin, barium sulfate and silicon aluminum powder, and the material of the high-temperature fusion agent is different from that of the silicon-containing filler. In some embodiments, the high temperature fusion agent is coated on the surface of the composite layer or dispersed in the resin 811. For example, firstly, the siliceous filler and the high-temperature fusion agent are mixed and sprayed on the surface of the composite layer or sprayed on the surface of the composite layer in sequence, then the siliceous filler and the high-temperature fusion agent are embedded into the resin 811 through hot pressing, for example, the hot pressing temperature is 120 ℃ to 160 ℃ firstly, the hot pressing time is 20min to 40min, and then the composite layer is baked for 1h to 3h at 130 ℃ to 180 ℃ after hot pressing; alternatively, the siliceous filler and the high temperature fusion agent are dispersed together in a resin 811, and the fiber base 810 is impregnated with the resin 811 in which the siliceous filler and the high temperature fusion agent are dispersed.

In some embodiments, filler 842 also includes a lubricant, i.e., heat resistant shield 8 also includes a lubricant, for better shaping of the composition. The lubricant, which may include one or more of polyamide wax, polyethylene wax, and paraffin wax, may increase the lubricity of the fiber matrix 810 and filler 842 in the resin 811 for better shaping of the composition. For example, the heat resistant guard 8 includes a siliceous filler and a lubricant in an amount of 10-40wt%, such as 10wt%, 15wt%, 20wt%, 25wt%, 30wt%, 35wt%, 40wt%, or the like, of the siliceous filler.

Optionally, in some embodiments, the filler 842 is a heat reflective filler, i.e., the heat resistant shield 8 further comprises a heat reflective filler in an amount of 0-5wt% of the heat resistant shield 8. In other embodiments, for example, the filler 842 comprises a siliceous filler and a thermally reflective filler, i.e., the heat resistant shield 8 comprises a siliceous filler and a thermally reflective filler, wherein the thermally reflective filler is present in an amount of 5-30wt% of the siliceous filler. The heat reflective filler may be coated on the surface of the composite layer or dispersed in the resin 811, concretely, a manner of adding a siliceous filler or a high-temperature fusion agent may be referred to. The heat reflective filler generally has a high melting point and is capable of reducing heat transfer. The heat reflective filler comprises one or more of oxides or nitrides of titanium, iron, aluminum, zinc, lanthanum, cerium, and may be specifically selected as desired.

Further, in some embodiments, the heat resistant shield 8 further comprises a colorant for adjusting the appearance of the heat resistant shield 8, ensuring consistency of the appearance of the heat resistant shield 8. The colorant comprises one or more of carbon black, titanium white, iron black, oily color concentrate, and transition metal coloring ion oxide. The transition metal may be one or more of iron, chromium, copper, and nickel.

In some embodiments, the heat-resistant shield 8 further comprises a getter disposed on the surface of the composite layer 81 to form a getter layer 82, as shown in fig. 17, or embedded in the resin 811, for absorbing the combustible gas ejected from the pressure release valve of the cell, delaying thermal runaway of the battery. The getter is used in an amount of 0-10wt% of the heat resistant shield 8. The getter can be one or more of carbon molecular sieve, zeolite sieve, graphene, talcum powder and alumina.

Further, a getter layer 82 is provided on the fire-facing surface of the heat-resistant protection 8 for retarding thermal runaway of the battery when absorbing the combustible gas ejected from the pressure release valve of the battery cell. The getter layer 82 includes a housing and a getter within the housing. For example, the housing of the air-adsorbing layer 82 is covered with a fiber-resin composite layer.

Optionally, in some embodiments, referring to fig. 18, the heat-resistant shield 8 further includes an insulating layer 83, the insulating layer 83 being laminated with the fiber resin composite layer 81. In one embodiment, the insulating layer 83 is disposed on the back fire side of the heat-resistant shield 8 and is used to block the transfer of the temperature of the fire facing side of the heat-resistant shield 8 to the temperature of the back fire side. The insulation 83 comprises an aerogel coating or blanket, wherein the aerogel coating is more space efficient and the blanket can be more securely placed on the composite.

Specifically, the aerogel coating is formed by drying after being coated with aerogel slurry, and the aerogel slurry comprises 10-50 parts of aerogel powder, 20-50 parts of adhesive, 1-5 parts of dispersing agent, 50-80 parts of solvent and 1-5 parts of film forming auxiliary agent. Aerogel powder provides thermal insulation properties to the aerogel coating; the adhesive provides the viscosity of the slurry and ensures the film forming after the final coating is dried; the dispersing agent is used for dispersing the aerogel powder to prevent the agglomeration of the aerogel powder; the solvent is used for adjusting the viscosity of the slurry, so that the aerogel powder is convenient to disperse; the film forming auxiliary agent is used for helping the adhesive to dry and form a film and preventing aerogel powder in the aerogel coating from falling off.

Further, the adhesive is one or more of silica sol, alumina sol, sodium water glass, polyurethane, epoxy resin, acrylic emulsion, emulsion powder, modified starch, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinylpyrrolidone; the dispersing agent is one or more of sodium pyrophosphate, sodium polyacrylate, sodium hexametaphosphate, stearamide, sorbitol polyether tetraoleate, cellulose and polyethylene glycol, and the film forming auxiliary agent is one or more of benzyl alcohol, ethylene glycol butyl ether, propylene glycol phenyl ether and alcohol ester-12.

Referring to fig. 19, some embodiments of the present application provide a heat resistant shield 8, the heat resistant shield 8 including a functional layer 84. The functional layer 84 includes a first resin 841 and a filler 842 dispersed in the first resin 841. After the first resin 841 and the filler 842 are uniformly mixed to form a composition, the first resin 841 is cured to form the functional layer 84. That is, the functional layer 84 is a composite layer of resin and filler 842.

In some embodiments, the mass content of the carbon element in the first resin 841 is greater than 40%, and preferably, the mass content of the carbon element in the first resin 841 is greater than 50%. When subjected to thermal shock, the first resin 841 is able to carbonize and absorb heat to form a carbon layer against thermal penetration. The first resin 841 may include one or more combinations of phenolic resin, benzoxazine resin, furan resin, polyurea, phenolic modified epoxy resin.

Optionally, in some embodiments, a first viscosity modifier is dispersed in the first resin 841, which may reduce the viscosity of the high viscosity resin, facilitate infiltration, infiltration of the resin into the fibers, and processing into a uniform product, and reduce the viscosity of the first resin 841 to facilitate the addition of fillers 842, such as functional materials including silicon-containing particles or chopped fibers. The amount of the first viscosity modifier is 1-10% of the volume of the first resin 841, when the amount of the first viscosity modifier is less than 1% of the volume of the first resin 841, the first resin 841 has poor viscosity and high fluidity, and it is difficult to form a product with uniform thickness, and when the amount of the first viscosity modifier is more than 10% of the volume of the first resin 841, the composition has low viscosity and high fluidity, so that the solvent of the first resin 841 volatilizes during the process of processing and forming to cause bubble defects in the product. Further, the first viscosity modifier includes one or more of methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate, acetone, and butanone for reducing the viscosity of the first resin 841.

Optionally, in some embodiments, the first resin 841 has a first curing agent dispersed therein. The first curing agent can effectively shorten the curing time of the first resin 841, which is beneficial to the mass and batch production of the heat-resistant protection 8. Wherein, the phenolic resin uses urotropine as the first curing agent, the dosage of urotropine is 2.5-3% of the mass of the phenolic resin, the furfuryl ketone resin uses phosphoric acid curing agent as the first curing agent, and the dosage of phosphoric acid curing agent is 6-7% of the mass of the furfuryl ketone resin. The benzoxazine resin, furan resin and polyurea do not use curing agent.

Alternatively, in some embodiments, the first flame retardant is dispersed in the first resin 841 in an amount of 5 to 40% by mass of the first resin 841. The flame retardant is one or more of ammonium polyphosphate, aluminum hydroxide, 9, 10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO).

In some embodiments, the filler 842 is chopped fibers having a volume fraction of 50-80% in the functional layer 84. The chopped fibers comprise one or more of carbon fibers, silicon carbide fibers, silicon nitride fibers, quartz fibers, aluminum silicate fibers, asbestos fibers, high silica fibers, boron carbon fibers and carbon nanotubes.

In other embodiments, the filler 842 is a first thermally reflective filler having a volume ratio of 45-75% in the functional layer 84; the first heat reflective filler comprises one or more of oxides or nitrides of titanium, iron, aluminum, zinc, lanthanum, cerium.

Optionally, in other embodiments, the filler 842 includes a first siliceous filler, and the weight ratio of the first resin 841 to the first siliceous filler is from 1:3 to 1:1. In general, the silicon-containing filler begins to melt at a high temperature of 1200 ℃, and after the silicon-containing filler is melted at a high temperature, the integrity of the heat-resistant protective member 8 can be increased, and the flame impact resistance can be improved. The melting and gasification of the siliceous filler can absorb a large amount of heat, and the siliceous filler reacts with the carbon layer formed by the resin to generate solid silicon carbide, so that the solid silicon carbide can resist high-temperature erosion and high-temperature shearing and stretching or compression, the mechanical property of the heat-resistant protection piece 8 can be effectively improved, and the heat-resistant protection piece 8 is prevented from being broken through.

In a particular embodiment, the filler 842 includes chopped fibers and a first siliceous filler. The chopped fibers comprise one or more of carbon fibers, silicon carbide fibers, silicon nitride fibers, quartz fibers, aluminum silicate fibers, asbestos fibers, high silica fibers, boron carbon fibers and carbon nanotubes. The amount of the chopped fiber is 0-15wt% of the first siliceous filler, the length of the chopped fiber is 0.05-30mm, and the diameter is 1-15 mu m.

Optionally, in some embodiments, the first siliceous filler comprises one or more combinations of silica aerogel powder, quartz powder, mica powder, ceramic micropowder, white carbon, wollastonite, montmorillonite, talc. In a specific embodiment, the main components of the ceramic micro powder are silicon oxide and aluminum oxide, the aluminum oxide improves the temperature resistance of the ceramic micro powder, and silicon dioxide reacts with a carbon layer carbonized by resin to form silicon carbide under the action of thermal shock and high temperature.

Optionally, in other embodiments, the first siliceous filler comprises silica aerogel powder to mica powder in a mass ratio of from 1:3 to 1:1. Under the action of thermal shock, the temperature of the fire facing surface of the heat-resistant protection piece 8 is rapidly increased to form a steep temperature gradient, the silica aerogel is a porous material with mesopores, the heat conductivity coefficient is extremely low, and the silica aerogel can delay heat transfer from the fire facing surface to the back fire surface of the heat-resistant protection piece 8. The shrinkage of the pore structure easily occurs under the high temperature of 800-1000 ℃, and the heat transfer effect of the heat-resistant protection piece 8 facing the fire and the back fire is delayed to be weakened. The mica and the silicon dioxide aerogel are combined, the mica has good heat resistance and heat insulation, the mica becomes brittle at 800-1000 ℃, but the structure is not destroyed, the heat insulation performance can be still maintained, and the mica structure is destroyed at 1050-1100 ℃. When the temperature of the fire facing surface of the heat-resistant protection piece 8 is raised to 1200 ℃, silicon in the first silicon-containing filler reacts with the resin carbon layer to form porous solid silicon carbide so as to resist thermal shock, heat transfer from the fire facing surface to the back fire surface is reduced, and a large amount of heat can be absorbed in the process so as to further resist the thermal shock.

Alternatively, in other embodiments, the first siliceous filler comprises silica in an amount of 50 to 80 weight percent of the first siliceous filler and alumina in an amount of 10 to 30 weight percent of the first siliceous filler.

Optionally, in some embodiments, the filler 842 includes a first siliceous filler and a first high temperature fluxing agent, wherein the amount of the first high temperature fluxing agent is 10wt% to 40wt% of the first siliceous filler. The material of the first high temperature fluxing agent is different from the material of the first siliceous filler. The first high temperature fusion agent has a low melting point and helps the first siliceous filler to melt or gasify into a carbon layer formed by carbonization of the resin to form solid silicon carbide. The first high-temperature fusion agent comprises one or more of talcum powder, wollastonite, mica powder, kaolin, barium sulfate and silicon aluminum powder.

Optionally, in some embodiments, the filler 842 includes a first siliceous filler and a first lubricant that aids in shaping the composition. The first lubricant is present in an amount of 10 to 40wt% of the first siliceous filler. The first lubricant comprises one or a combination of several of polyamide wax, polyethylene wax, paraffin wax, and talc wax, which can increase the lubricity of the filler 842 in the resin, and facilitate the molding of the composition, but reduce the heat resistance of the heat-resistant protector 8 due to the reduced softening point of the composition. Therefore, the content of the first lubricant is not preferably excessively high.

Optionally, in some embodiments, the filler 842 includes a first siliceous filler and a first thermally reflective filler, wherein the first thermally reflective filler has a high melting point characteristic capable of reducing heat transfer. The first heat reflective filler is present in an amount of 0 to 5wt% of the first siliceous filler. The first heat reflective filler comprises one or more of oxides or nitrides of titanium, iron, aluminum, zinc, lanthanum, cerium.

Optionally, in some embodiments, functional layer 84 further includes a first ceramic precursor. The first ceramic precursor includes one or more of a polysilazane resin, a polyborosilazane resin, and a polycarbosilane resin. Under the action of thermal shock, polysilazane resin and polyborosilazane resin can generate ceramic materials such as SiCN, siCNO and the like, and can increase the temperature resistance and flame impact resistance of the heat-resistant protection piece 8. The first ceramic precursor may be mixed with the first resin 841 and the filler 842 and then cured to form a function, or may be coated on the surface of the composite layer of the first resin 841 and the filler 842. On the one hand, the ceramic precursors cause the heat-resistant protective member to have reduced bending strength at normal temperature, and on the other hand, the ceramic precursors react at high temperature to produce ceramic materials without reducing the temperature resistance and flame impact resistance of the heat-resistant protective member 8. In one embodiment, the ratio of the volume of the first ceramic precursor to the sum of the volumes of the first ceramic precursor and the first resin 841 is less than 50%, or the ratio of the mass of the first ceramic precursor to the sum of the masses of the first ceramic precursor and the first resin 841 is less than 50%, to ensure that the heat-resistant shield has better bending strength at normal temperature while controlling the cost of the heat-resistant shield 8, thereby maintaining the market competitive advantage of the heat-resistant shield 8 while improving the temperature resistance and flame impact resistance of the heat-resistant shield 8.

Further, in some embodiments, referring to fig. 20 and 21, the heat-resistant protection 8 further includes a reinforcing layer 85 laminated with the functional layer 84, and the first resin 841 of the functional layer 84 penetrates into the reinforcing layer 85 under the action of hot pressing, so as to be bonded, cured and compounded with the reinforcing layer 85, and the reinforcing layer 85 is used for mechanically reinforcing the functional layer 84 at normal temperature.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 20, the reinforcing layer 85 is a fibrous matrix 810, i.e., a pure fibrous matrix 810 is employed as the reinforcing layer 85. Further, the fiber base 810 and the functional layer 84 may be laminated, and the first resin 841 in the functional layer 84 may be partially infiltrated into the fiber base 810 by hot pressing. The thickness of the pure fiber matrix 810 should not be too large because the depth of penetration of the first resin 841 is limited by means of hot pressing. In one embodiment, the thickness of the pure fiber matrix 810 ranges from < 0.2mm, such that the first resin 841 in the functional layer 84 can wet the entire pure fiber matrix 810 during the hot pressing process.

The fibrous matrix 810 comprises a fibrous cloth and/or a fibrous felt; the fibers of the fiber matrix 810 include one or more of carbon fibers, silicon carbide fibers, silicon nitride fibers, quartz fibers, aluminum silicate fibers, asbestos fibers, high silica fibers, boron carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes. Fiber cloth and/or fiber felt are used to mechanically reinforce the functional layer 84 at ambient temperature. The fiber cloth is one or more of fiber twill fabric, fiber satin fabric, fiber uniaxial fabric and fiber multiaxial fabric, wherein the fiber twill fabric is formed by interweaving warp yarns and weft yarns at least once by two yarns, and a fabric weave structure is changed by adding warp and weft interweaving points; the warp yarns or the weft yarns of the fiber satin fabric form a plurality of independent warp tissue points or weft tissue points which are not connected with each other in the fabric, the cloth cover is almost covered by the warp yarns or the weft yarns, the surface is oblique lines, but the surface is not obvious oblique lines like the oblique lines, the number of times of interweaving the warp yarns and the weft yarns is less, and the fiber satin fabric has the characteristics of smooth and bright appearance, softer texture and the like; the fiber monoaxial fabric is formed by inserting yarns in the transverse direction or the longitudinal direction of the fabric, has high fiber continuity and linearity, is a typical anisotropic material, and has good crimping property along the direction perpendicular to the yarns; the fiber multiaxial fabric comprises warp yarns, lining yarns and weaving yarns, wherein the warp yarns and the weft yarns are not interwoven, two yarn sheets can be formed in parallel and are mutually vertically arranged, and the warp yarns and the weft yarns are bound together by the weaving yarns. Since the functional layer 84 has no fiber or only short fiber, the heat-resistant protective member 8 produced from the large-sized functional layer 84 may be cracked or broken when transported at normal temperature and in a thermal shock environment. The reinforcing layer 85 enhances the mechanical properties of the functional layer 84, and improves the normal temperature mechanical properties and thermal shock resistance of the heat-resistant protective member 8. And when the heat-resistant protective member 8 is used, the reinforcing layer 85 is used as a fire facing surface, and under the action of thermal shock, the reinforcing layer 85 ablates and absorbs heat to provide the functional layer 84 with resistance to the thermal shock.

It will be appreciated that only the functional layer 84, i.e., the composite layer of the first resin 841 and the filler 842, forms a heat-resistant shield 8 that has poor impact resistance and can be used in small-sized battery cells. The heat-resistant protective member 8 formed by stacking the functional layer 84 and the reinforcing layer 85 has high heat shock resistance and can be used in large-sized battery cells. Can be specifically selected according to actual needs.

Optionally, in other embodiments, referring to fig. 21, the reinforcing layer 85 includes a fiber matrix 810 and a second resin 850 dispersed within the pores of the fiber matrix 810 and/or the surface of the fiber matrix 810 to form a composite layer, the fiber matrix 810 comprising 50% -75% by volume of the reinforcing layer 85. That is, the reinforcing layer 85 is the fiber resin composite layer 81 provided in the above embodiment. Further, the number of layers of the fiber cloth and/or fiber mat in the fiber matrix 810 may be one, two or more, and two or more layers of the fiber cloth and/or fiber mat are laminated and then bonded and cured by the second resin 850. The second resin 850 includes one or more combinations of phenolic resin, benzoxazine resin, furan resin, polyurea, and phenolic modified epoxy resin, and the mass content of carbon element in the second resin 850 is greater than 40%. The reinforcing layer 85 containing the second resin 850 is compounded with the functional layer 84 containing the first resin 841, so that the resin 811 in the reinforcing layer 85 and the functional layer 84 can be distributed more uniformly and sufficiently, the reinforcing layer 85 impregnated with the second resin 850 is used as a fire-facing surface, and the second resin 850 absorbs heat and carbonization to resist heat penetration, thereby providing protection for the functional layer 84.

Further, the thickness ratio of the functional layer 84 to the reinforcing layer 85 is (8-10): (1-4), the reinforcing layer 85 may serve as a fire face ablative protective functional layer 84, the functional layer 84 providing the primary impact resistance to the heat resistant shield 8. Further, the heat-resistant protection 8 includes two reinforcing layers 85, namely, a first reinforcing layer and a second reinforcing layer, which are disposed on opposite sides of the functional layer 84 to form a sandwich-like structure, and the thickness ratio of the first reinforcing layer, the functional layer 84 and the second reinforcing layer is (1-2): (8-10): (1-2) improving the symmetry of the mechanical properties of the opposite sides of the heat resistant shield 8, wherein the heat resistant shield 8 has a first reinforcing layer on the fireside that is carbonized and ablated to absorb heat under the action of thermal shock, and a second reinforcing layer on the backfire side that is capable of maintaining the structural integrity of the functional layer 84.

Optionally, in some embodiments, the second resin 850 has a second viscosity modifier dispersed therein in an amount of 1-10% by volume of the second resin 850. Optionally, in some embodiments, a second curing agent is dispersed in the second resin 850. Optionally, in some embodiments, the second resin 850 has a second flame retardant dispersed therein, the second flame retardant being present in an amount of 5-40% by mass of the second resin 850. The second viscosity modifier, the second curing agent and the second flame retardant are similar to the materials and/or components of the first viscosity modifier, the first curing agent and the first flame retardant in the above embodiments, respectively, and the detailed description thereof will be omitted herein.

Optionally, in some embodiments, the second resin 850 also has dispersed therein a phase change material in an amount of 5% -20% by volume of the fibrous matrix 810. The phase change material is capable of absorbing heat to provide resistance to thermal shock and is capable of reducing heat transfer from the fireside to the backfire side. In order to avoid the generation of bubbles between the functional layer 84 and the reinforcing layer 85 and within the functional layer 84 due to thermal decomposition of the phase change material under the effect of thermal shock, the ablation of the functional layer 84 is significantly accelerated, affecting the thermal shock resistance of the heat-resistant shield 8, and the phase change material is used only in the reinforcing layer 85. Further, the phase change material employs a hydrated salt composition.

Optionally, in some embodiments, the reinforcement layer 85 further comprises a second ceramic precursor. The second ceramic precursor includes one or more of polysilazane resin 811, polyborosilazane resin 811, and polycarbosilane resin 811. Under the action of thermal shock, ceramic materials such as SiCN, siCNO and the like can be generated, and the temperature resistance and flame impact resistance of the heat-resistant protection member 8 can be improved. In some embodiments, the mixture of the second resin 850 and the second ceramic precursor is dispersed within the pores of the fiber matrix 810 and/or covers opposite surfaces of the fiber matrix 810. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the second ceramic precursor is coated on one surface of the fiber resin composite layer, or on opposite surfaces of the fiber resin composite layer. On the one hand, the ceramic precursors cause the heat-resistant protective member to have reduced bending strength at normal temperature, and on the other hand, the ceramic precursors react at high temperature to produce ceramic materials without reducing the temperature resistance and flame impact resistance of the heat-resistant protective member 8. In one embodiment, the ratio of the volume of the second ceramic precursor to the sum of the volumes of the second ceramic precursor and the second resin 850 is less than 50%, or the ratio of the mass of the second ceramic precursor to the sum of the masses of the second ceramic precursor and the second resin 850 is less than 50%, to ensure that the heat resistant shield has better flexural strength at normal temperature while controlling the cost of the heat resistant shield 8, thereby maintaining the market competitive advantage of the heat resistant shield 8 while improving the temperature resistance and flame impact resistance of the heat resistant shield 8.

Optionally, in some embodiments, the fibrous matrix 810 includes a first fibrous matrix and a second fibrous matrix; the second resin 850 is dispersed within the pores of the first fibrous matrix and/or covers the opposing surfaces of the first fibrous matrix to form a first composite layer; the second ceramic precursor is dispersed within the pores of the second fibrous matrix and/or covers opposite surfaces of the second fibrous matrix to form a second composite layer. In a specific embodiment, the first composite layer and the second composite layer are stacked to form a stacked structure. In another embodiment, two first composite layers sandwich at least one second composite layer to form a laminate structure. Alternatively, in another embodiment, two second composite layers sandwich at least one first composite layer to form a laminate structure. In another embodiment, a plurality of first composite layers and a plurality of second composite layers are alternately stacked.

Optionally, in some embodiments, referring to fig. 22, the reinforcing layer 85 comprises a fibrous matrix 810, a second resin 850, and a filler 842, the filler 842 comprising one or more of a second siliceous filler, a second high temperature fluxing agent, a second lubricant, and a second thermally reflective filler.

In some embodiments, filler 842 is a second siliceous filler, the second siliceous filler comprising 40-70% of the volume of fiber matrix 810. The second siliceous filler may be coated on the surface of the fiber-resin composite layer 81 or embedded in the second resin 850. The second siliceous filler comprises one or more of silica aerogel powder, quartz powder, mica powder, ceramic micropowder, white carbon black, wollastonite, montmorillonite and talcum powder. In a specific embodiment, the second siliceous filler comprises silica aerogel powder and mica powder in a mass ratio of 1:3 to 1:1. In another embodiment, the second siliceous filler comprises silica and aluminum oxide; the amount of silica is 50 to 80wt% of the second siliceous filler and the amount of aluminum oxide is 10 to 30wt% of the second siliceous filler. The second siliceous filler is coated on the surface of the composite layer or embedded in the second resin 850.

Optionally, in some embodiments, the filler 842 comprises a second siliceous filler and a second high temperature fusion agent, i.e., the reinforcing layer 85 comprises a second siliceous filler and a second high temperature fusion agent in an amount of 10wt% to 40wt% of the second siliceous filler. The second high-temperature fusion agent comprises one or more of talcum powder, wollastonite, mica powder, kaolin, barium sulfate and silicon aluminum powder; the material of the second high temperature fluxing agent is different from the material of the second siliceous filler.

Alternatively, in some embodiments, the reinforcing layer 85 includes a second siliceous filler and a second lubricant in an amount of 10-40wt% of the second siliceous filler. The second lubricant comprises one or a combination of more of polyamide wax, polyethylene wax and paraffin wax.

Optionally, in some embodiments, the filler 842 comprises a second siliceous filler and a second thermally reflective filler, i.e., the reinforcing layer 85 comprises a second siliceous filler and a second thermally reflective filler, the second thermally reflective filler being 5-30wt% of the second siliceous filler. The second heat reflective filler comprises one or more of oxides or nitrides of titanium, iron, aluminum, zinc, lanthanum, cerium.

Optionally, in some embodiments, the reinforcing layer 85 includes a fibrous matrix 810, a second resin 850, and a colorant including one or more of carbon black, titanium white, iron black, oily color concentrates, and transition metal colored ionic oxides.

Optionally, in some embodiments, the heat resistant shield 8 further comprises a getter; the getter is filled in the functional layer 84 and/or the reinforcing layer 85, or the getter is disposed between the functional layer 84 and the reinforcing layer 85 to form the getter layer 82. The getter is filled as a filler 842 in the functional layer 84 and/or the reinforcing layer 85 of the heat-resistant protection 8 for retarding thermal runaway of the battery when absorbing the combustible gas ejected from the pressure release valve of the cell. The getter is one or more of carbon molecular sieve, zeolite sieve, graphene, talcum powder and alumina. In some embodiments, referring to fig. 23, a getter layer 82 is disposed on a side of the enhancement layer 85 remote from the functional layer 84, the getter layer 82 including a housing and a getter within the housing.

Optionally, in some embodiments, referring to fig. 24, the heat-resistant protection 8 further includes an insulating layer 83, where the insulating layer 83 is disposed on a side of the functional layer 84 away from the reinforcing layer 85, for blocking the transmission of the fire-facing temperature to the backfire-facing temperature of the heat-resistant protection 8. Insulation 83 comprises an aerogel coating or blanket of aerogel. Wherein the aerogel coating is more space efficient and the aerogel blanket can be more securely disposed over the composite layer. Specifically, the aerogel coating is formed by brushing aerogel slurry and drying, and the aerogel coating is shown in detail.

Referring to fig. 25 and 26, some embodiments of the present application provide a heat-resistant protective member 8, wherein the heat-resistant protective member 8 includes a reinforcing layer 85, a functional layer 84, and a reinforcing layer 86 disposed in order from a fire facing surface to a back surface, wherein the functional layer 84 includes a first resin 841 and a filler 842 dispersed in the first resin 841, and the reinforcing layer 85 and the reinforcing layer 86 each include a fibrous matrix 810.

The functional layer 84 is arranged between the reinforcing layer 85 and the stiffening layer 86. In some embodiments, referring to fig. 25, both the reinforcing layer 85 and the reinforcing layer 86 include only a fibrous matrix 810, i.e., both the reinforcing layer 85 and the reinforcing layer 86 are pure fibrous matrices 810. The functional layer 84 is bonded, cured and compounded with the reinforcing layer 85 and the reinforcing layer 86 by the first resin 841 penetrating into the reinforcing layer 85 and the reinforcing layer 86 under the action of the heat and pressure. In other embodiments, referring to fig. 26, the reinforcing layer 85 and/or the reinforcing layer 86 includes a fiber matrix 810 and a second resin 850, i.e., the reinforcing layer 85 and/or the reinforcing layer 86 employ the fiber resin composite layer provided by the above embodiments; the functional layer 84 is a resin filler composite layer provided in the above embodiment. The first resin 841 in the functional layer 84 and the second resin 850 in the reinforcing layer 85 and/or the reinforcing layer 86 may be fusion-bonded to each other under the action of heat and pressure to be cured and compounded. The reinforcing layer 85 and the reinforcing layer 86 have the same structure, but the melting point of the fibrous matrix 810 of the reinforcing layer 86 may be higher than the melting point of the fibrous matrix 810 of the reinforcing layer 85 or may be the same as the melting point of the fibrous matrix 810 of the reinforcing layer 85. The material of the fibrous matrix 810 of the reinforcing layer 86 and the fibrous matrix 810 of the reinforcing layer 85 may be the same or different.

It is understood that a fibrous matrix 810 having a higher melting point is generally more costly than a fibrous matrix 810 having a lower melting point. To control costs, in one embodiment of the present application, a high melting point fiber matrix 810 is used only on the backfire side and a low melting point fiber matrix 810 is used on the fire side. In another embodiment of the present application, a fibrous matrix 810 having a high melting point may be used on both the fire-facing and the back-facing surfaces of the functional layer 84, or a fibrous matrix 810 having a low melting point may be used. In the present application, the fiber material of the fiber matrix 810 with low melting point includes one or more of high silica fiber, quartz fiber, glass fiber and basalt fiber; the fibrous material of the high melting point fibrous matrix 810 includes one or more of carbon fibers, silicon carbide fibers, silicon nitride fibers, quartz fibers, aluminum silicate fibers, asbestos fibers, high silica fibers, boron carbon fibers.

The first resin 841 serves to absorb heat from carbonization to form a carbon layer against heat penetration when receiving thermal shock. The first resin 841 has a carbon element content of more than 40% by mass, for example, 42%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65% or 70% or the like, and may include one or a combination of more of a phenolic resin 811, a benzoxazine resin 811, a furan resin 811, a polyurea, a phenolic-modified epoxy resin 811, and specifically may be selected as needed.

Further, in some embodiments, the first resin 841 has a first viscosity modifier dispersed therein, and the first viscosity modifier is used to reduce the viscosity of the high viscosity first resin 841, so as to facilitate the infiltration, infiltration and production of the first resin 841 and the fiber matrix 810 into a uniform product. In the embodiment of the present application, the amount of the first viscosity modifier is 1-10% of the volume of the first resin 841, for example, 1%, 5%, 7% or 10%, etc., when the amount of the first viscosity modifier is less than 1% of the volume of the first resin 841, the viscosity of the first resin 841 is large, and the fluidity is poor, so that it is difficult to form a product with uniform thickness; when the amount of the first viscosity modifier is greater than 10% by volume of the first resin 841, the first resin 841 has a low viscosity and high fluidity, so that the solvent of the first resin 841 volatilizes during the process of forming the composition to cause bubble defects in the product. In a specific embodiment, the first viscosity modifier comprises one or more of methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate, acetone, butanone.

Further, in some embodiments, the first curing agent is dispersed in the first resin 841, and the first curing agent can effectively shorten the curing time of the first resin 841, which is beneficial to mass production of the heat-resistant protection 8. Wherein, when the first resin 841 is phenolic resin, urotropine is used as the first curing agent, the amount of urotropine is 2.5-3% of the mass of the phenolic resin, and when the first resin 841 is furfuryl ketone resin, phosphoric acid curing agent is used as the first curing agent, and the amount of phosphoric acid curing agent is 6-7% of the mass of the furfuryl ketone resin. In addition, when the first resin 841 is a benzoxazine resin, a furan resin, a polyurea, a curing agent is not used.

Further, in some embodiments, the first resin 841 has dispersed therein a first flame retardant in an amount of 5-40% by mass, e.g., 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, etc., of the first resin 841. The first flame retardant uses one or more of ammonium polyphosphate, aluminum hydroxide and DOPO, wherein the ammonium polyphosphate is heated and dehydrated under high temperature to generate polyphosphoric acid or metaphosphoric acid which can be used as a strong dehydrating agent to dehydrate with carbon forming substances in a flame retardant system to form a simple substance carbon layer, and the expansion carbon layer is formed by the action of incombustible gas generated by an air source to isolate air and block a fire source, so that the flame retardant purpose is achieved; when the aluminum hydroxide is heated, the reaction of strong heat absorption and a large amount of heat absorption can take the effect of cooling the polymer, and meanwhile, the decomposition occurs to release crystal water, so that water vapor generated by heat absorption can dilute combustible gas by crystallization, and further inhibit the spread of combustion; the DOPO flame retardant can generate strong endothermic reaction when heated, prevent combustion from spreading, and can also improve the heat capacity of the polymer.

Further, in some embodiments, the filler 842 is a first chopped fiber, the first chopped fiber being dispersed within the first resin 841, which can increase the strength uniformity of the functional layer 84. The first chopped fibers may be present in the functional layer 84 at a volume ratio of 50-80%, such as 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, or the like. The first chopped fibers include one or more of carbon fibers, silicon carbide fibers, silicon nitride fibers, quartz fibers, aluminum silicate fibers, asbestos fibers, high silica fibers, boron carbon fibers, and carbon nanotubes.

In other embodiments, the filler 842 is a first thermally reflective filler having a volume fraction of 45-75%, such as 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, or the like, in the functional layer 84. The first heat reflective filler comprises one or more of oxides or nitrides of titanium, iron, aluminum, zinc, lanthanum, cerium. The first heat reflective filler generally has a relatively high melting point and is capable of reducing heat transfer.

In other embodiments, the filler 842 includes a first siliceous filler, and the weight ratio of the first resin 841 to the first siliceous filler is 1:3 to 1:1, e.g., 1:3, 1:2, 2:3, 1:1, etc. In general, the first silicon-containing filler begins to melt at a high temperature of 1200 ℃, and the gasification of the first silicon-containing filler can absorb a large amount of heat, and the first silicon-containing filler reacts with the carbon layer formed by the first resin 841 to generate solid silicon carbide, so that the solid silicon carbide can resist high-temperature erosion and high-temperature shearing and stretching or compression, and the mechanical properties of the heat-resistant protection piece 8 can be effectively improved, and the heat-resistant protection piece 8 is prevented from being broken through.

The first siliceous filler comprises one or more of silica aerogel powder, quartz powder, mica powder, ceramic micropowder, white carbon black, wollastonite, montmorillonite and talcum powder. The main components of the ceramic micro powder are silicon oxide and aluminum oxide, the aluminum oxide improves the temperature resistance of the ceramic micro powder, and silicon dioxide reacts with a carbon layer carbonized by resin to form silicon carbide under the action of thermal shock high temperature.

In some specific embodiments, the first siliceous filler comprises silica aerogel powder and mica powder, the mass ratio of the silica aerogel powder to the mica powder is 1:3-1:1, when the heat shock is received, the temperature of the fire facing surface of the heat-resistant protection piece 8 is rapidly increased to form a steep temperature gradient, the silica aerogel is a porous material with mesopores, the heat conductivity coefficient is extremely low, the silica aerogel can delay the heat transfer from the fire facing surface of the heat-resistant protection piece 8 to the back fire surface, in addition, the shrinkage of a pore structure is easy to occur under the high temperature effect of 800-1000 ℃, and the heat transfer effect of the fire facing surface of the heat-resistant protection piece 8 is delayed to be weakened; the mica has good heat resistance and heat insulation, and the mica can keep the heat insulation performance at 800-1000 ℃. When the temperature of the fire facing surface of the heat-resistant protection piece 8 is raised to 1200 ℃, silicon in the first silicon-containing filler reacts with the carbon layer of the first resin 841 to form porous solid silicon carbide so as to resist thermal shock, heat transfer from the fire facing surface to the back fire surface is reduced, and a large amount of heat can be absorbed in the process so as to further resist the thermal shock.

In other embodiments, the first siliceous filler comprises silica in an amount of 50 to 80wt%, e.g., 50wt%, 55wt%, 60wt%, 65wt%, 70wt%, 75wt%, or 80wt%, etc., and alumina in an amount of 10 to 30wt%, e.g., 10wt%, 15 wt%, 20wt%, 25wt%, or 30wt%, etc., of the first siliceous filler. When subjected to high temperature impact, the silicon dioxide reacts with the carbonized carbon layer of the first resin 841 to form silicon carbide, and the aluminum oxide may improve temperature resistance.

Further, in some embodiments, the filler 842 includes a first siliceous filler and a first high temperature fluxing agent in an amount of 10wt% to 40wt% of the first siliceous filler. The first high temperature fusion agent comprises one or more of talcum powder, wollastonite, mica powder, kaolin, barium sulfate and silicon aluminum powder, and it is noted that the material of the first high temperature fusion agent is different from that of the first silicon-containing filler, and the first high temperature fusion agent helps the first silicon-containing filler to melt or gasify to form solid silicon carbide with a carbon layer formed by carbonization of the first resin 841.

Further, in some embodiments, the filler 842 includes a first siliceous filler and a first lubricant to increase the lubricity of the fibrous matrix 810 and the first siliceous filler in the first resin 841, facilitating shaping of the composition. The first lubricant includes one or a combination of a polyamide wax, a polyethylene wax, paraffin wax, and talc, and is used in an amount of 10 to 40wt%, such as 10wt%, 15wt%, 20wt%, 25wt%, 30wt%, 35wt%, or 40wt%, etc., of the first siliceous filler, and when the amount of the first lubricant is less than 10wt% of the first siliceous filler, the effect of the first lubricant is limited, and when the amount of the first lubricant is greater than 40wt% of the first siliceous filler, the softening point of the composition is lowered, thereby lowering the heat resistance of the heat resistant shield 8.

Further, in some embodiments, the functional layer 84 further includes a first ceramic precursor including one or more of polysilazane resin 811, polyborosilazane resin 811, and polycarbosilane resin 811 for forming a ceramic material such as SiCN, siCNO, or the like when subjected to thermal shock to increase the temperature resistance and flame impact strength of the heat resistant shield 8. The first ceramic precursor may be mixed with the first resin 841 and the filler 842 and then cured to form a function, or may be coated on the surface of the composite layer of the first resin 841 and the filler 842. In one embodiment, the ratio of the volume of the first ceramic precursor to the sum of the volumes of the first ceramic precursor and the first resin 841 is less than 50%, or the ratio of the mass of the first ceramic precursor to the sum of the masses of the first ceramic precursor and the first resin 841 is less than 50%, to ensure that the heat-resistant shield has better bending strength at normal temperature while controlling the cost of the heat-resistant shield 8, thereby maintaining the market competitive advantage of the heat-resistant shield 8 while improving the temperature resistance and flame impact resistance of the heat-resistant shield 8.

Optionally, in some embodiments, the filler 842 includes a first siliceous filler and first chopped fibers, the first chopped fibers disposed on the functional layer 84 being capable of increasing the strength uniformity of the functional layer 84. The first chopped fibers include one or more of carbon fibers, silicon carbide fibers, silicon nitride fibers, quartz fibers, aluminum silicate fibers, asbestos fibers, high silica fibers, boron carbon fibers, and carbon nanotubes. The first chopped fiber is used in an amount of 0 to 15wt% of the first siliceous filler, and the first chopped fiber has a length of 0.05 to 30mm and a diameter of 1 to 15. Mu.m.

Optionally, in some embodiments, the filler 842 comprises a first siliceous filler and a first thermally reflective filler, the first thermally reflective filler having the characteristics of a high melting point and being capable of reducing heat transfer, including one or more of oxides or nitrides of titanium, iron, aluminum, zinc, lanthanum, cerium, the first thermally reflective filler being present in an amount of 0-5wt% of the first siliceous filler.

The reinforcing layer 85 is used as a fire facing surface, the reinforcing layer 85 enhances the mechanical properties of the functional layer 84, improves the normal temperature mechanical properties and the thermal shock resistance of the heat-resistant protection piece 8, and provides the thermal shock resistance for the functional layer 84 by ablation heat absorption of the reinforcing layer 85 under the thermal shock effect. The fibrous matrix 810 of the reinforcing layer 85 comprises one or more of high silica fibers, quartz fibers, fiberglass, basalt fibers. The fibrous matrix 810 includes a fibrous cloth and/or a fibrous felt. The fiber cloth is one or more of fiber twill fabric, fiber satin fabric, fiber monoaxial fabric and fiber multiaxial fabric. The fibrous matrix 810 includes a stack of fibrous cloths and/or fibrous mats.

Optionally, in some embodiments, the reinforcing layer 85 includes a second resin 850, the fiber matrix 810 and the second resin 850 together form a composite layer, the second resin 850 is dispersed within the pores of the fiber matrix 810 and/or on the surface of the fiber matrix 810, the fiber matrix 810 of the reinforcing layer 85 occupies 50% -75% by volume of the reinforcing layer 85, and the mass content of carbon element in the second resin 850 is greater than 40%. The reinforcing layer 85 including the second resin 850 is combined with the functional layer 84, and thus, the problem of uneven and insufficient impregnation of the reinforcing layer 85 with the resin 811 in the functional layer 84 after the resin-free 811 reinforcing layer 85 is combined with the functional layer 84 can be avoided. The reinforcing layer 85 impregnated with the second resin 850 is used as a fire-facing surface, and the second resin 850 absorbs heat and carbonizes to resist heat penetration, providing protection for the functional layer 84. Further, the reinforcing layer 85 includes a single layer or two or more layers of fiber cloth, and the two or more layers of fiber cloth are laminated and then bonded and cured by the second resin 850.

The second resin 850 of the reinforcing layer 85 includes a combination of one or more of phenolic resins, benzoxazine resins, furan resins, polyureas, and phenolic modified epoxy resins. The second resin 850 has dispersed therein a second viscosity modifier for reducing the viscosity of the high viscosity first resin 841, facilitating the infiltration, penetration and production of the first resin 841 into a uniform product with the fibrous matrix 810. In the embodiment of the present application, the amount of the second viscosity modifier is 1-10% of the volume of the second resin 850, for example, 1%, 5%, 7% or 10%, and when the amount of the second viscosity modifier is less than 1% of the volume of the second resin 850, the viscosity of the second resin 850 is high, and the fluidity is poor, so that it is difficult to form a product with uniform thickness; when the amount of the second viscosity modifier is greater than 10% of the volume of the second resin 850, the second resin 850 has a low viscosity and high fluidity, which may cause the second resin 850 solvent to volatilize during the process of forming the composition to cause blister defects in the product. In a specific embodiment, the second viscosity modifier comprises one or more of methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate, acetone, butanone.

The second curing agent is dispersed in the second resin 850 of the reinforcing layer 85, and the second curing agent can effectively shorten the curing time of the first resin 841, which is beneficial to the mass production of the heat-resistant protective member 8. Wherein, when the second resin 850 is phenolic resin 811, urotropine is used as the second curing agent, the amount of urotropine is 2.5-3% of the mass of the phenolic resin, and when the second resin 850 is furfuryl ketone resin, phosphoric acid curing agent is used as the second curing agent, and the amount of phosphoric acid curing agent is 6-7% of the mass of the furfuryl ketone resin. In addition, when the second resin 850 is a benzoxazine resin, a furan resin, a polyurea, a curing agent is not used.

The second resin 850 of the reinforcing layer 85 has dispersed therein a second flame retardant in an amount of 5 to 40% by mass, for example, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35% or 40% by mass, etc., of the second resin 850. The second flame retardant is used in an amount of 5 to 40% by mass, for example, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35% or 40% by mass, etc., of the second resin 850. The second flame retardant uses one or more of ammonium polyphosphate, aluminum hydroxide and DOPO.

The fibrous resin composite layer of the reinforcing layer 85 further includes a second siliceous filler that comprises 40-70%, e.g., 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, etc., of the volume of the fibrous matrix 810. In general, the second silicon-containing filler begins to melt at a high temperature of 1200 ℃, and the second silicon-containing filler is gasified to absorb a large amount of heat, so that the second silicon-containing filler reacts with the carbon layer formed by the second resin 850 to generate solid silicon carbide, and the solid silicon carbide can resist high-temperature erosion and high-temperature shearing and stretching or compression, so that the mechanical properties of the heat-resistant protection piece 8 can be effectively improved, and the heat-resistant protection piece 8 is prevented from being broken through.

The second siliceous filler of the reinforcing layer 85 comprises one or a combination of more of silica aerogel powder, quartz powder, mica powder, ceramic micropowder, white carbon black, wollastonite, montmorillonite, talc. The main components of the ceramic micro powder are silicon oxide and aluminum oxide, the aluminum oxide improves the temperature resistance of the ceramic micro powder, and under the action of thermal shock high temperature, silicon dioxide reacts with the carbonized carbon layer of the resin 811 to form silicon carbide.

In some embodiments, the second siliceous filler of the reinforcing layer 85 comprises silica aerogel powder and mica powder, and the mass ratio of the silica aerogel powder to the mica powder is 1:3-1:1, when the heat shock is received, the temperature of the fire facing surface of the heat-resistant protection piece 8 is rapidly increased to form a steep temperature gradient, the silica aerogel is a porous material with mesopores, the silica aerogel has extremely low heat conductivity coefficient, the silica aerogel can delay the heat transfer from the fire facing surface of the heat-resistant protection piece 8 to the back fire surface, in addition, the silica aerogel is easy to generate shrinkage of a pore structure under the high temperature effect of 800-1000 ℃, and the heat transfer effect of the fire facing surface of the heat-resistant protection piece 8 is delayed to be weakened; the mica has good heat resistance and heat insulation, and the mica can keep the heat insulation performance at 800-1000 ℃. When the temperature of the fire facing surface of the heat-resistant protection piece 8 is raised to 1200 ℃, silicon in the second silicon-containing filler reacts with the carbon layer of the first resin 841 to form porous solid silicon carbide so as to resist thermal shock, heat transfer from the fire facing surface to the back fire surface is reduced, and a large amount of heat can be absorbed in the process, so that the thermal shock is further resisted.

In other embodiments, the second siliceous filler of the reinforcing layer 85 comprises silica in an amount of 50 to 80wt%, such as 50wt%, 55wt%, 60wt%, 65wt%, 70wt%, 75wt%, or 80wt%, etc., of the first siliceous filler and alumina in an amount of 10 to 30wt%, such as 10wt%, 15 wt%, 20wt%, 25wt%, or 30wt%, etc., of the first siliceous filler. When subjected to high temperature impact, the silica reacts with the carbonized carbon layer of the second resin 850 to form silicon carbide, and the aluminum oxide may improve temperature resistance. Etc. In general, the second silicon-containing filler begins to melt at a high temperature of 1200 ℃, and the second silicon-containing filler is gasified to absorb a large amount of heat, so that the second silicon-containing filler reacts with the carbon layer formed by the second resin 850 to generate solid silicon carbide, and the solid silicon carbide can resist high-temperature erosion and high-temperature shearing and stretching or compression, so that the mechanical properties of the heat-resistant protection piece 8 can be effectively improved, and the heat-resistant protection piece 8 is prevented from being broken through.

Further, in some embodiments, the fiber-resin composite layer of the reinforcing layer 85 further comprises a phase change material dispersed in the second resin 850 in an amount of 5% -20% of the volume of the fiber matrix 810 for absorbing heat when subjected to thermal shock to provide resistance to thermal shock, capable of reducing heat transfer from the firefacing back-fire surface. In order to avoid the generation of bubbles between the functional layer 84 and the reinforcing layer 85 and within the functional layer 84 due to thermal decomposition of the phase change material under the effect of thermal shock, the ablation of the functional layer 84 is significantly accelerated, affecting the thermal shock resistance of the heat-resistant shield 8, and the phase change material is used only in the reinforcing layer 85.

Further, in some embodiments, the fibrous resin composite layer of the reinforcing layer 85 further comprises a colorant comprising one or more of carbon black, titanium white, iron black, oily color concentrate, and transition metal colored ionic oxide for adjusting the appearance of the heat resistant shield 8, ensuring uniformity of the appearance of the heat resistant shield 8. .

In some embodiments, the stiffening layer 86 has better heat resistance, cooperates with the reinforcing layer 85 to achieve structural symmetry of the upper and lower surfaces of the functional layer 84, provides the functional layer 84 with enhanced high temperature mechanical properties, and serves as a backfire surface to maintain the structural integrity of the heat resistant shield 8 after thermal shock. Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the thickness ratio of the reinforcing layer 85, the functional layer 84, and the reinforcing layer 86 is (1-2): (8-10): (1-2). The reinforcing layer 86 includes a fiber matrix 810, and the fiber matrix 810 of the reinforcing layer 86 is similar to the fiber matrix 810 of the reinforcing layer 85, and the above embodiments will be specifically referred to, and will not be repeated here. But the melting point of the fibrous matrix 810 of the reinforcing layer 86 is higher than the melting point of the fibrous matrix 810 of the reinforcing layer 85. The fibrous matrix 810 of the stiffening layer 86 includes one or more of carbon fibers, silicon carbide fibers, silicon nitride fibers, quartz fibers, aluminum silicate fibers, asbestos fibers, high silica fibers, boron carbon fibers.

In some embodiments, the stiffening layer 86 includes a second resin 850, the fibrous matrix 810 and the second resin 850 together forming a composite layer, the second resin 850 being dispersed within the pores of the fibrous matrix 810 and/or the surface of the fibrous matrix 810, the fibrous matrix 810 of the stiffening layer 86 comprising 50% -75% by volume of the stiffening layer 86, the mass content of elemental carbon in the second resin 850 being greater than 40%. The reinforcing layer 86 including the second resin 850 is combined with the functional layer 84, and thus, the problem of uneven impregnation of the reinforcing layer 86 with the resin 811 in the functional layer 84 after the reinforcing layer 86 without the resin 811 is combined with the functional layer 84 can be avoided. Further, the reinforcing layer 86 includes a single layer or two or more layers of fiber cloth, and the two or more layers of fiber cloth are laminated and then bonded and cured by the second resin 850.

Further, in some embodiments, the second curing agent and/or the second flame retardant are dispersed in the second resin 850 of the reinforcing layer 86, and the second curing agent and the second flame retardant in the reinforcing layer 86 are similar to the second curing agent and the second flame retardant in the reinforcing layer 85, and specifically, the above embodiments may be referred to, and will not be repeated herein.

The composite layer further includes a second siliceous filler, which is similar to the second siliceous filler in the reinforcing layer 86 and the reinforcing layer 85, and specifically, reference is made to the above-described embodiments, and details thereof are omitted here.

The composite layer of the stiffening layer 86 further includes second chopped fibers disposed in the functional layer 84 to increase the uniformity of the strength of the stiffening layer 86. The second chopped fibers may be used in an amount of 0 to 15wt%, such as 2wt%, 5wt%, 7wt%, 10wt%, 12wt%, 15wt%, or the like, of the second siliceous filler. The second chopped fibers comprise one or more of carbon fibers, silicon carbide fibers, silicon nitride fibers, quartz fibers, aluminum silicate fibers, asbestos fibers, high silica fibers, boron carbon fibers and carbon nanotubes; the second chopped fiber has a length of 0.05-30mm and a diameter of 1-15 μm.

The composite layer of the stiffening layer 86 further comprises a second high temperature fluxing agent and/or a second lubricant and/or a second ceramic precursor and/or a second reflective filler 842 and/or a phase change material and/or a colorant. That is, the composite layer structure of the reinforcing layer 85 is substantially the same as that of the reinforcing layer 86, except that the melting point of the fiber matrix 810 of the reinforcing layer 86 is higher than that of the fiber matrix 810 of the reinforcing layer 85. The second high temperature fusion agent, the second lubricant, the second ceramic precursor, the second reflective filler 842 phase-change material and the colorant in the reinforcement layer 86 are similar to the second high temperature fusion agent, the second lubricant, the second ceramic precursor, the second reflective filler 842 phase-change material and the colorant in the reinforcement layer 85, and the detailed description thereof will be omitted herein.

Optionally, in some embodiments, the heat-resistant shield 8 further comprises a getter for retarding thermal runaway of the battery while absorbing the combustible gas ejected from the pressure relief valve of the cell. In some embodiments, the getter is filled in at least one of the enhancement layer 85, the functional layer 84, and the stiffening layer 86. In other embodiments, a getter is disposed between adjacent two of the enhancement layer 85, the functional layer 84, and the stiffening layer 86 to form a gettering layer 82; or a getter is disposed on the side of the enhancement layer 85 remote from the functional layer 84 to form a gettering layer 82, as shown in fig. 27. Optionally, in some embodiments, the getter comprises one or more of carbon molecular sieves, zeolite sieves, graphene, talc, alumina.

Optionally, in some embodiments, referring to fig. 28, the heat-resistant protection 8 further includes a heat-insulating layer 83, where the heat-insulating layer 83 is disposed on a side of the reinforcing layer 86 away from the functional layer 84, for blocking transmission of the fire-facing temperature of the heat-resistant protection 8 to the backfire-facing temperature. Optionally, in some embodiments, the insulation layer 83 comprises an aerogel coating or an aerogel blanket.

Optionally, in some embodiments, the enhancement layer 85 covers the entire functional layer 84; the stiffening layer 86 comprises a plurality of sub-stiffening layers 86 arranged at intervals. Since the melting point of the limiting fibers of the stiffening layer 86 is higher than the melting point of the fibrous matrix 810 of the stiffening layer 85, the cost of the stiffening layer 86 is also higher. In order to reduce the cost of the heat resistant shield 8 as a whole, the stiffening layer 86 is provided as a plurality of sub-stiffening layers 86 arranged at intervals, each sub-stiffening layer 86 being arranged, in use, in correspondence of the pressure relief mechanism. Since the reinforcing layer 86 is provided only at the position corresponding to the pressure release mechanism, the cost of the heat-resistant shield 8 can be reduced as a whole.

The heat-resistant shield 8 provided by the present application is described below in connection with specific examples and comparative examples.

Example 1

In the embodiment, 7 layers of fiber cloth are soaked in resin and then laminated, and the curing condition is that the molding is carried out firstly, wherein the molding temperature is 140 ℃, the molding time is 30min, and then the baking is carried out, wherein the baking temperature is 150 ℃, and the baking time is 2h; the other mode is that the heat-resistant protection prefabricated part is firstly semi-cured and then further cured, specifically, 7 layers of fiber cloth are respectively placed at 25 ℃ to be dried on the surface (semi-cured) after being soaked in resin, or are molded at 70 ℃ and dried in an oven for 20min to be dried on the surface (semi-cured), then the semi-cured heat-resistant protection prefabricated part is laminated and set for curing, and the curing condition is that the molding is firstly carried out, wherein the molding temperature is 150 ℃, the molding time is 20min, and then the baking is carried out, wherein the baking temperature is 180 ℃, and the baking time is 1h.

The high silica fiber cloth and quartz fiber cloth used in this example were purchased from Shanxi Huate New Material Co., ltd, and the carbon fiber cloth was purchased from Shanghai, inc.

The phenolic resin used in this example was purchased from Jinan san Jose group Co., ltd, the benzoxazine resin was purchased from Chengdu Corp. Polymer technology Co., ltd, the furfuryl ketone resin was purchased from Shandong Yongchuang Material technology Co., ltd, and the epoxy resin was purchased from Kunshan chemical Co., ltd.

Thirteen samples were prepared in this example 1, samples 1-1 through 1-13, respectively.

Comparative example 1

Comparative example 1 of the present application was prepared in substantially the same manner as in example 1, and two comparative samples, comparative sample 1-A and comparative sample 1-B, respectively, were prepared.

Performance testing

(1) Flexural Strength test

The bending strength test method of the heat-resistant protective piece adopts the national standard GB/T1449-2005 fiber reinforced plastic bending performance test method, the thickness of a sample is 1mm < h less than or equal to 3mm, the width of the sample is 15+/-0.5 mm, a universal mechanical testing machine is used as test equipment, and the test equipment specifically requires the 5 th test equipment in the national standard GB/T1446-2005 fiber reinforced plastic performance test method general rule.

(2) 1500 ℃ Hot air flow impact test

The periphery of the heat-resistant protective piece is fixed, hot air flow at 1500 ℃ is applied to the heat-resistant protective piece for 30 seconds, and whether fire is transmitted or not is tested, wherein the fire transmission refers to the phenomenon that open fire appears on the back surface of the heat-resistant protective piece when flame is ablated. Since the heat resistant shield comprised a long fiber cloth, it was not broken during testing, but was fire-transparent.

The test results are shown in table 1, wherein the volume fraction refers to the volume fraction of the fiber matrix in the composite layer.

TABLE 1 results of Performance test of heat-resistant shields prepared in inventive example 1 and comparative example 1

As can be seen from the above Table 1, the volume ratio of the fiber matrix is less than 50%, the thermal shock resistance is poor, and the fire penetration occurs when the hot air current at 1500 ℃ is impacted for 30 seconds; the bending strength of the heat-resistant protective piece adopting the uniaxial fabric is superior to that of other heat-resistant protective pieces in a braiding mode. In addition, the heat-resistant protective member without the fibrous matrix includes only a resin, and the thermal decomposition temperature of the resin is generally several hundred degrees, that is, several hundred degrees later thermal decomposition occurs and thermal shock cannot be resisted; the bending strength of the heat-resistant protective piece prepared from the carbon fiber cloth is obviously superior to that of high silica fiber, but the production cost is relatively high.

Example 2

In this example, the ceramic precursor slurry was prepared by mixing a resin with polysilazane, impregnating the resin with the polysilazane mixture using a fiber cloth, and curing under conditions of molding at 60℃for 30 minutes, heating to 140℃for 30 minutes, and then oven at 156℃for 1.5 hours to complete curing.

The polysilazane resin and polyborosilazane resin used in this example were purchased from Anhui Aijia silicone oil Co., ltd, and the resin and fiber cloth manufacturer were the same as in example 1.

Six samples were prepared in this example 2, samples 2-1 through 2-6, respectively.

Comparative example 2

Comparative example 2 of the present application was prepared in substantially the same manner as in example 2, and five comparative samples, comparative sample 2-A to comparative sample 2-E, were prepared.

The test results are shown in table 2, wherein the ceramic precursor slurry ratio is the ratio of the ceramic precursor slurry volume to the volume of the resin.

TABLE 2 Performance test results of the heat-resistant shields prepared in inventive example 2 and comparative example 2

As can be seen from tables 1 and 2 above, the heat shock resistance of the heat-resistant shield added with the ceramic precursor is enhanced, hot air flow at 1500 ℃ can be impacted for 50s without fire penetration, and the heat-resistant shield without the ceramic precursor can withstand longer thermal shock; the thermal shock resistance of the heat-resistant protective member is related to the content of the ceramic precursor slurry, and when the mass of the ceramic precursor slurry is less than 20% of the sum of the mass of the ceramic precursor slurry and the mass of the resin, the fire penetration occurs at 1500 ℃ under the condition of hot air flow shock for 50 s. In addition, in the case where the mass of the ceramic precursor slurry is greater than 50% of the sum of the mass of the ceramic precursor slurry and the mass of the resin, the bending strength of the heat-resistant shield is lowered.

Example 3

In this example, a fiber resin composite semi-cured layer was first prepared by the method of example 1; and then uniformly spraying the siliceous filler on the surface of the fiber-resin composite semi-cured layer, performing hot-pressing curing, wherein the hot-pressing temperature is 140 ℃, the hot-pressing time is 30min, and part of siliceous filler can enter the resin and the fiber cloth in the hot-pressing process, and then baking for 2h at 150 ℃.

The silica aerogel adopted in this example is produced by sol-gel method, mica powder is purchased from Anhui Gray New Material technology Co., ltd, ceramic micropowder, quartz powder and white carbon black are purchased from Shanghai Hui Jing sub-nanometer New Material Co., ltd, and the resin and fiber cloth purchasing manufacturer is the same as in example 1.

Fifteen samples were prepared in this example 3, samples 3-1 through 3-15, respectively.

Comparative example 3

Comparative example 3 of the present application was prepared in substantially the same manner as in example 3, and six comparative samples, comparative sample 3-A to comparative sample 3-F, were prepared.

The test results are shown in Table 3, wherein the content of siliceous filler refers to the volumetric ratio of siliceous filler to fibrous matrix.

TABLE 3 results of Performance test of heat-resistant shields prepared in inventive example 3 and comparative example 3

Example 4

In this example, a fiber resin composite semi-cured layer was first prepared by the method of example 1; and then uniformly spraying the silicon-containing filler and the high-temperature fusion agent (or spraying the high-temperature fusion agent) on the surface of the fiber-resin composite semi-cured layer, performing hot-press curing, wherein the hot-press temperature is 140 ℃, the hot-press time is 30min, part of the silicon-containing filler and the high-temperature fusion agent (or the high-temperature fusion agent) can enter the resin and the fiber cloth in the hot-press process, and then baking at 150 ℃ for 2h.

The talcum powder, the kaolin and the silicon-aluminum powder adopted in the embodiment are purchased from Shanghai Hui essence new material Co., ltd., and the manufacturers of silicon-containing filler, resin and fiber cloth are the same as in the embodiment 3.

Twelve samples were prepared in this example 4, samples 4-1 through 4-12, respectively, wherein samples 4-1 through 4-8 were added with a siliceous filler and a high temperature fluxing agent; samples 4-9 through 4-12 were only added with the high temperature fluxing agent.

Comparative example 4

Comparative example 4 of the present application was prepared in substantially the same manner as in example 4, and six comparative samples, comparative sample 4-A to comparative sample 4-F, were prepared.

The test results are shown in Table 4-1 and Table 4-2.

Table 4-1, results of Performance test of the first group of heat-resistant shields prepared in example 4 and comparative example 4 of the present application

It was also found that the high temperature fusion agent content increased and the flexural strength increased, but when the high temperature fusion agent content was greater than 40wt%, such as comparative sample 4-B, delamination occurred due to poor wettability of the siliceous filler, the high temperature fusion agent, and the resin.

Table 4-2, results of Performance test of the second group of heat-resistant shields prepared in example 4 and comparative example 4 of the present application

As can be seen from the above tables 1 and 4, the heat shock resistance of the heat-resistant protective member added with the high-temperature fusion agent is enhanced, hot air flow at 1500 ℃ can be impacted for 50s without fire penetration, and the heat-resistant protective member without high-temperature fusion agent can withstand thermal shock for a longer time; too high and too low a content of high temperature fluxing agent can affect the thermal shock resistance of the thermal protector.

Example 5

In this example, a fiber resin composite layer was first prepared by the method of example 1; and then uniformly spraying the silicon-containing filler and the lubricant on the surface of the fiber-resin composite layer after mixing, and then carrying out hot-pressing solidification, wherein the hot-pressing temperature is 140 ℃, the hot-pressing time is 30min, and part of the silicon-containing filler can enter the resin and the fiber cloth in the hot-pressing process, and then baking for 2h at 150 ℃.

The talc powder used in this example was purchased from Shanghai Hui fine and sub-nanometer New Material Co., ltd, and the paraffin wax, polyethylene wax and Polyamide wax were purchased from Shanghai Yiba chemical raw materials Co., ltd, and the silicon-containing filler, resin and fiber cloth manufacturer were the same as in example 3.

Four samples were prepared in this example 5, samples 5-1 through 5-4, respectively.

Comparative example 5

Comparative example 5 of the present application was prepared in substantially the same manner as in example 5, and three comparative samples, comparative sample 5-A to comparative sample 5-C, were prepared.

The test results are shown in table 5, wherein the content of the lubricant in the siliceous filler refers to the mass ratio of the lubricant to the siliceous filler.

TABLE 5 Performance test results of the heat-resistant shields prepared in inventive example 5 and comparative example 5

It was also found that the amount of lubricant was increased and the flexural strength was also increased, but when the amount of lubricant was greater than 40wt%, such as comparative sample 5-B, the silicon-containing filler or lubricant could have poor wettability with the resin, resulting in delamination.

Example 6

In this example, the resin and the siliceous filler are mixed in proportion, and the siliceous filler may be added in portions to make the addition and the mixing uniform, and cured after the uniform mixing, and the curing conditions are the same as in example 1.

Wherein the raw materials were selected and purchased as in example 3.

Thirteen samples were prepared in this example 6, samples 6-1 through 6-13, respectively.

Comparative example 6

Comparative example 6 of the present application was prepared in substantially the same manner as in example 6, and two comparative samples, comparative sample 6-A and comparative sample 6-B, respectively, were prepared.

The test results are shown in Table 6, wherein the resin and siliceous filler ratios are mass ratios.

TABLE 6 Performance test results of the heat-resistant shields prepared in inventive example 6 and comparative example 6

Example 7

In this embodiment, the silicon-containing filler and the high-temperature fusion agent are mixed, the mixture of the silicon-containing filler and the high-temperature fusion agent is added into the resin and mixed uniformly, the silicon-containing filler and the high-temperature fusion agent can be added in several times to make the addition and the mixing uniformly, and the curing is performed after the mixing uniformly, and the curing conditions are the same as in embodiment 1.

Wherein the raw materials were selected and purchased as in example 4.

Thirteen samples were prepared in this example 7, samples 7-1 through 7-13, respectively.

The test results are shown in Table 7, wherein the content of the high-temperature fluxing agent in the siliceous filler refers to the mass ratio of the high-temperature fluxing agent to the siliceous filler; the mass ratio of the resin to the siliceous filler is the mass ratio.

TABLE 7 Performance test results of the heat-resistant shields prepared in example 7 of the present application

It can be seen from comparing sample 6-3 of tables 7 and 6 that the flexural strength of the heat resistant shield is significantly enhanced after the high temperature fusion agent is added.

Example 8

In this example, after the siliceous filler and the lubricant were mixed uniformly, the siliceous filler and the lubricant were added to the resin, and after the mixture was uniformly mixed, the curing was performed under the same curing conditions as in example 1. The heat-resistant fiber cloth is not contained, the using amount of the lubricant is 5-40wt% of the silicon-containing filler, the paraffin wax, the polyethylene wax and the like are 3-10wt% of the silicon-containing filler, the melting point of the paraffin wax and the polyethylene wax is low, and the impact resistance is influenced after the amount is large.

Wherein the raw materials were selected and purchased as in example 5.

Ten samples were prepared in this example 8, samples 8-1 through 8-10, respectively.

Comparative example 8

Comparative example 8 of the present application was prepared in substantially the same manner as in example 8, and three comparative samples, comparative sample 8-A, comparative sample 8-B and comparative sample 8-C, respectively, were prepared.

The test results are shown in table 8, wherein the content of the lubricant in the siliceous filler refers to the mass ratio of the lubricant to the siliceous filler; the mass ratio of the resin to the siliceous filler is the mass ratio.

TABLE 8 results of Performance test of the heat-resistant shields prepared in inventive example 8 and comparative example 8

It can be seen from comparing samples 8-2 and 8-3 of Table 8 and sample 6-3 of Table 6 that after the lubricant addition, the flexural strength of the heat resistant guard was significantly enhanced.

Example 9

In this example, after the siliceous filler and the lubricant were mixed uniformly, the siliceous filler and the lubricant were added to the resin, and after the mixture was uniformly mixed, the curing was performed under the same curing conditions as in example 2. The heat-resistant fiber cloth is not contained, the using amount of the lubricant is 5-40wt% of the silicon-containing filler, the paraffin wax, the polyethylene wax and the like are 3-10wt% of the silicon-containing filler, the melting point of the paraffin wax and the polyethylene wax is low, and the impact resistance is influenced after the amount is large.

Wherein the raw materials were selected as in example 2 and example 3.

Twenty-eight samples were prepared for this example 9, samples 9-1 through 9-28, respectively.

Comparative example 9

Comparative example 9 of the present application was prepared in substantially the same manner as in example 9, and comparative sample 9-A was prepared according to the present application.

The test results are shown in Table 9, wherein the ceramic precursor slurry content is the ratio of the ceramic precursor slurry to the mass sum of the ceramic precursor slurry and the resin; the mass ratio of the resin to the siliceous filler is the mass ratio.

TABLE 9 results of Performance test of the heat-resistant shields prepared in example 9 of the present application

As can be seen from the above tables 6 and 9, the heat shock resistance of the heat-resistant shield added with the ceramic precursor was enhanced, and the hot gas stream at 1500 ℃ was impacted for 50s without breakage, and the heat-resistant shield without the ceramic precursor was able to withstand a longer thermal shock.

Example 10

In this example, the resin, the siliceous filler and the chopped fibers were mixed in a ratio, and the siliceous filler and the chopped fibers were added in a premix, or they were added separately in separate portions, but the order of addition was not limited, and were uniformly mixed and then cured under the same curing conditions as in example 1.

The chopped carbon fiber used in this example was purchased from Jiangxi Shuoban New Material technologies Co., ltd, the chopped silicon carbide fiber was purchased from Hunan Rui New Material Co., ltd, and other materials were purchased as in example 6.

Eight samples were prepared in this example 10, samples 10-1 through 10-8, respectively.

Comparative example 10

Comparative example 10 of the present application was prepared in substantially the same manner as in example 10, and three comparative samples, comparative sample 10-A and comparative sample 10-C, respectively, were prepared.

The test results are shown in Table 10, wherein the resin and siliceous filler ratios are mass ratios.

TABLE 10 Performance test results of the heat-resistant shields prepared in example 10 of the present application

As can be seen from table 10, the bending strength of the heat-resistant protective member becomes large after the chopped fibers are properly added, but if the content of the chopped fibers is too high, for example, the mass ratio of the chopped fibers to the siliceous filler is more than 15%, the bending strength of the heat-resistant protective member is decreased. Probably because the chopped fibers are not easily dispersed, are easily agglomerated, and the overlap points of the chopped fibers may become weak points during the thermal shock.

Example 11

In this example, a functional layer was prepared according to the method of example 10, a reinforcing layer was prepared according to the method of example 1 or a pure fiber cloth was used as the reinforcing layer, and then the functional layer and the reinforcing layer were laminated and heat-pressed to be composited.

Wherein the raw materials were purchased from the same sources as in example 1 and example 6.

Five samples were prepared in this example 11, samples 11-1 through 11-5, respectively.

The test results are shown in Table 11.

TABLE 11 Performance test results of the heat-resistant shields prepared in example 11 of the present application

Example 12

In this example, a functional layer was prepared in the same manner as in example 10, a reinforcing layer/reinforcing layer was prepared in the same manner as in example 1, or a pure fiber cloth was used as the reinforcing layer/reinforcing layer, and then the functional layer was sandwiched between the reinforcing layer and laminated hot-press-compounded.

Six samples were prepared in this example 12, samples 12-1 through 12-6, respectively.

The test results are shown in Table 12.

Table 12, results of Performance test of the heat-resistant protective member prepared in example 12 of the present application

The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.

The above examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the application, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the claims. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the application, which are all within the scope of the application. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present application is to be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. The heat-resistant protective piece is characterized by comprising a reinforcing layer, a functional layer and a reinforcing layer which are sequentially arranged; the functional layer includes a first resin and a filler dispersed within the first resin; the reinforcing layer and the reinforcing layer each comprise a fibrous matrix.

2. The heat resistant shield according to claim 1, wherein,

3. The heat-resistant shield according to claim 1, wherein the carbon element content in the resin used for the first resin is more than 40% by mass; the filler comprises a first siliceous filler, and the weight ratio of the first resin to the first siliceous filler is 1:3-1:1.

4. The heat resistant shield of claim 3 wherein said first siliceous filler comprises one or more combinations of silica aerogel powder, quartz powder, mica powder, ceramic micropowder, white carbon black, wollastonite, montmorillonite, talc.

5. The heat resistant guard of claim 3, wherein the first siliceous filler comprises silica aerogel powder to mica powder in a mass ratio of 1:3 to 1:1.

6. The heat resistant guard of claim 3, wherein the first siliceous filler comprises silica and aluminum oxide; the amount of the silicon dioxide is 50-80 wt% of the first silicon-containing filler, and the amount of the aluminum oxide is 10-30 wt% of the first silicon-containing filler.

7. The heat resistant guard of claim 3, wherein the first filler further comprises a high temperature fluxing agent in an amount of 10wt% to 40wt% of the first siliceous filler.

8. The heat resistant guard of claim 7, wherein the first high temperature fusion agent comprises one or more of talc, wollastonite, mica powder, kaolin, barium sulfate, aluminum silicate powder; the material of the first high temperature fluxing agent is different from the material of the first siliceous filler.

9. A heat resistant guard according to claim 3 wherein said filler further comprises a first lubricant in an amount of 10-40wt% of said first siliceous filler.

10. The heat resistant guard of claim 3, wherein the functional layer further comprises a first ceramic precursor having a volume that is less than 50% of the sum of the volumes of the first ceramic precursor and the first resin, or a mass that is less than 50% of the sum of the masses of the first ceramic precursor and the first resin.

11. The heat resistant shield of claim 10 wherein the first ceramic precursor comprises one or more of a polysilazane resin and a polyborosilazane resin.

12. The heat resistant guard of claim 3, wherein the filler further comprises a first chopped fiber in an amount of 0-15wt% of the first siliceous filler.

13. The heat resistant guard of claim 12, wherein the first chopped fibers comprise one or more of carbon fibers, silicon carbide fibers, silicon nitride fibers, quartz fibers, aluminum silicate fibers, asbestos fibers, high silica fibers, boron carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes; the length of the first chopped fiber is 0.05-30mm, and the diameter is 1-15 mu m.

14. The heat resistant shield of claim 3 wherein said filler further comprises a first heat reflective filler in an amount of 0-5wt% of said first siliceous filler.

15. The heat resistant shield of claim 14 wherein the first heat reflective filler comprises one or more of oxides or nitrides of titanium, iron, aluminum, zinc, lanthanum, cerium.

16. The heat resistant guard of claim 1, wherein the reinforcing layer, the functional layer, the reinforcing layer are disposed in order from a fire facing surface to a back fire surface; the fibrous matrix of the reinforcing layer has a higher melting point than the fibrous matrix of the reinforcing layer.

17. The heat resistant guard of claim 16, wherein the fibrous matrix of the reinforcing layer comprises one or more of high silica fibers, quartz fibers, fiberglass, basalt fibers; the fiber matrix of the reinforcing layer comprises one or more of carbon fiber, silicon carbide fiber, silicon nitride fiber, quartz fiber, aluminum silicate fiber, asbestos fiber, high silica fiber and boron carbon fiber.

18. The heat resistant guard of claim 1, wherein the fibrous matrix comprises a fibrous cloth and/or a fibrous felt.

19. The heat resistant guard of claim 18, wherein the fibrous matrix comprises the fibrous cloth and/or the fibrous mat in a stacked arrangement.

20. The heat resistant guard of claim 18, wherein the fibrous matrix comprises the fibrous cloth; the fiber cloth is one or more of fiber twill fabric, fiber satin fabric, fiber uniaxial fabric and fiber multiaxial fabric.

21. The heat resistant shield according to claim 1, wherein the thickness ratio of the reinforcing layer, the functional layer, the reinforcing layer is (1-2): (8-10): (1-2).

22. The heat resistant shield according to any one of claims 1-21, wherein the reinforcing layer and/or the reinforcing layer is a fibrous matrix.

23. The heat resistant shield according to any one of claims 1-21, wherein the reinforcement layer and/or the reinforcement layer comprises a composite layer comprising a fibrous matrix and a second resin; the second resin is dispersed in the pores of the fiber matrix and/or the surface of the fiber matrix, and the volume ratio of the fiber matrix in the composite layer is 50-75%.

24. The heat resistant shield according to any one of claims 1 to 21 or 23, wherein the carbon element mass content in the first resin is greater than 40%; and/or, the mass content of carbon element in the second resin is more than 40%.

25. The heat resistant guard of claim 24, wherein the first resin has a first viscosity modifier dispersed therein, the first viscosity modifier being present in an amount of 1-10% by volume of the first resin; and/or the number of the groups of groups,

26. The heat resistant shield of claim 24 wherein the first resin comprises a combination of one or more of phenolic resin, furfuryl ketone resin, benzoxazine resin, furan resin, polyurea, and phenolic modified epoxy resin; and/or the second resin comprises a combination of one or more of phenolic resin, furfuryl ketone resin, benzoxazine resin, furan resin, polyurea, and phenolic modified epoxy resin.

27. The heat resistant shield of claim 23 wherein said composite layer further comprises a second siliceous filler comprising 40-70% by volume of said fibrous matrix.

28. The heat resistant shield of claim 27 wherein the second siliceous filler comprises one or more combinations of silica aerogel powder, quartz powder, mica powder, ceramic micropowder, white carbon black, wollastonite, montmorillonite, talc.

29. The heat resistant shield of claim 27 wherein the second siliceous filler comprises silica aerogel powder in combination with mica powder in a mass ratio of 1:3 to 1:1.

30. The heat resistant guard of claim 27, wherein the second siliceous filler comprises silica and aluminum oxide; the amount of the silicon dioxide is 50-80 wt% of the second siliceous filler, and the amount of the aluminum oxide is 10-30 wt% of the second siliceous filler.

31. The heat resistant guard of claim 27, wherein the composite layer of the stiffening layer further comprises a second chopped fiber in an amount of 0-15wt% of the second siliceous filler.

32. The heat resistant guard of claim 31, wherein the second chopped fibers comprise one or more of carbon fibers, silicon carbide fibers, silicon nitride fibers, quartz fibers, aluminum silicate fibers, asbestos fibers, high silica fibers, boron carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes; the length of the second chopped fiber is 0.05-30mm, and the diameter is 1-15 mu m.

33. The heat resistant guard of claim 27, wherein the composite layer further comprises a second high temperature fluxing agent in an amount of 10wt% to 40wt% of the second siliceous filler.

34. The heat resistant shield of claim 33 wherein said second high temperature fusion agent comprises one or more of talc, wollastonite, mica powder, kaolin, barium sulfate, aluminum silicate powder; the material of the second high temperature fluxing agent is different from the material of the second siliceous filler.

35. The heat resistant guard of claim 27, wherein the composite layer further comprises a second lubricant in an amount of 10-40wt% of the second siliceous filler.

36. The heat resistant guard of claim 23, wherein the reinforcing layer and/or the stiffening layer further comprises a second ceramic precursor, the volume of the second ceramic precursor being less than 50% of the sum of the volumes of the second ceramic precursor and the second resin, or the mass of the second ceramic precursor being less than 50% of the sum of the masses of the second ceramic precursor and the second resin.

37. The heat resistant shield of claim 36 wherein the second ceramic precursor comprises one or more of polysilazane resin, polyborosilazane resin, and polycarbosilane resin.

38. The heat resistant shield of claim 27 wherein said composite layer further comprises a second reflective filler in an amount of 5-30wt% of said second siliceous filler.

39. The heat resistant shield of claim 38 wherein the second heat reflective filler comprises one or more of oxides or nitrides of titanium, iron, aluminum, zinc, lanthanum, cerium.

40. The heat resistant guard of claim 23, wherein the composite layer further comprises a phase change material dispersed in the second resin, the phase change material being present in an amount of 5% -20% by volume of the fibrous matrix.

41. The heat resistant guard of claim 23, wherein the composite layer further comprises a colorant comprising one or more of carbon black, titanium white, iron black, oily color concentrate, and transition metal colored ionic oxides.

42. The heat resistant shield of claim 1 further comprising a getter; the getter is filled in at least one of the reinforcing layer, the functional layer and the stiffening layer; or the getter is arranged between two adjacent layers of the enhancement layer, the functional layer and the reinforcement layer to form a getter layer; or the getter is arranged on one side of the enhancement layer far away from the functional layer to form a getter layer.

43. The heat resistant guard of claim 42, wherein the getter comprises one or more of carbon molecular sieves, zeolite sieves, graphene, calcium carbonate, talc, alumina.

44. The heat resistant shield of claim 1 further comprising a thermal barrier layer disposed on a side of the stiffening layer remote from the functional layer.

45. The heat resistant shield of claim 44 wherein said insulation layer comprises an aerogel coating or an aerogel blanket.

46. The heat resistant guard of claim 1, wherein the reinforcing layer covers the entire functional layer; the reinforcing layer comprises a plurality of sub-reinforcing layers which are arranged at intervals.

47. A battery comprising the heat-resistant shield of any one of claims 1-46.

48. The battery of claim 43, comprising:

the battery unit is provided with a pressure release mechanism on a first wall;

49. The battery of claim 43, comprising:

50. The battery of claim 49, wherein the battery cell is provided with a pressure relief mechanism; the heat resistant shield is a heat resistant shield according to claim 46; wherein, the sub-reinforcement layer corresponds to the pressure release mechanism.