CN118036371A - Method and system for constructing failure model of high-voltage transmission line iron tower under geological disaster - Google Patents
Method and system for constructing failure model of high-voltage transmission line iron tower under geological disaster Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for constructing a failure model of a high-voltage transmission line iron tower under geological disasters, which relate to the field of disaster prediction and comprise the steps of collecting parameter data, soil information and topography conditions of the high-voltage transmission line iron tower; constructing a finite element model according to the acquired data to perform simulation analysis to obtain simulation data; performing test model design, and constructing a power transmission tower entity model based on the parameter data of the iron tower; constructing a soil body entity model according to the soil information and the surrounding topography; collecting rainfall data in a region, setting different rainfall intensities, and simulating the conditions of the power transmission tower under different rainfall intensities based on a power transmission tower entity model and a soil entity model to obtain entity test data; and comparing the simulation data with the entity test data, and correcting the finite element model. According to the method, through simulating a rainfall landslide induction process, the influence of geological disasters on the stability of the power transmission tower can be predicted in advance, scientific basis is provided for disaster early warning, and loss caused by disasters is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of disaster prediction, in particular to a method and a system for constructing a failure model of a high-voltage transmission line iron tower under geological disasters.
Background
With the development of modern industry and cities, the demand of people for electric energy is larger and larger, the dependence is also stronger, and the electric power becomes an indispensable part of people's life. The electric power development relationship is domestic, and once the problems of insufficient electric power supply and the like occur, the economic development and the life of people are seriously affected. The power transmission line is a carrier for electric energy transmission, and is used as an intermediate link for transmitting and distributing electric energy and is also a connecting bridge of a power generation terminal and a power utilization terminal. With the increase of the voltage of the power transmission line, the coverage area of the power grid is enlarged, the mileage of the high-voltage line is increased year by year, the height of the power transmission tower is higher and higher, the structure is more and more complex, and the safety operation of the power grid faces great challenges.
Through years of development, an ultra-long power transmission network is built in China, and a transmission line inevitably needs to pass through a plurality of areas with complex geological topography, severe environmental conditions and changeable climate such as Chong mountain drastic mountains, mountain canyons and the like. The transmission tower is used as a connection node between the high-voltage transmission line and the ground, and is important for guaranteeing the safe and normal operation of the transmission line system.
With further development of global energy demand, how to ensure safe and stable operation of the power grid under extreme conditions becomes a problem to be solved by management and decision makers. In the research in the field of geological disasters, early warning research can strive for precious time for the emergency avoidance of geological disasters and emergency prevention and control treatment, and serious casualties and property loss are avoided. Becomes a hot spot in the field of geological disasters in recent years, and is also a disaster prevention and reduction means with the most obvious effect.
In order to clear the influence rule of rainfall-induced landslide geological disasters on the stability of the structural foundation of the power transmission tower, the failure mode of the concrete foundation iron tower of the high-voltage power transmission line under the landslide geological disasters is determined, and the instability verification test research of the concrete foundation of the high-voltage power transmission line of the proportion model under the action of the rainfall-induced landslide geological disasters is developed. And (3) establishing a reduced scale physical model of the power transmission tower structure and the foundation in a laboratory environment, considering the rock-soil condition of the power transmission tower foundation, simulating the failure process of the power transmission tower under the action of rainfall-induced geological landslide, evaluating the failure behavior of the iron tower foundation under the landslide condition according to experimental data, and providing a scientific basis for the safety of the power transmission tower foundation.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems.
Accordingly, the present invention aims to solve the problems: severe environments and varying climates can cause serious damage to the transmission tower, and effective disaster warning becomes critical.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the construction method of the failure model of the high-voltage transmission line iron tower under the geological disaster comprises the steps of collecting parameter data of a concrete foundation iron tower of the high-voltage transmission line, soil information around the foundation iron tower and the surrounding topography condition of the foundation iron tower; constructing a finite element model according to the acquired data to perform simulation analysis to obtain simulation data; performing test model design, determining attribute proportion between the entity iron tower and a model to be constructed based on the parameter data of the iron tower, correcting by a method of increasing artificial quality of a model tower according to dimension analysis, and finally constructing an entity model of the power transmission tower after correcting; according to the soil information and the surrounding topography, deducing a similarity relation between physical quantities influencing the weight based on dimension analysis, dividing the soil into three layers, determining natural water content and natural density of the soil, and soil characteristics under different water contents, and finally constructing a soil entity model; collecting rainfall data in a region, designing rainfall to set different rainfall intensities, and simulating the influence condition of soil infiltration states on a power transmission tower structure under different rainfall intensities based on a power transmission tower solid model and a soil solid model to obtain entity test data; and comparing the simulation data with the entity test data, and correcting the finite element model.
As a preferable scheme of the method for constructing the failure model of the high-voltage transmission line iron tower under the geological disaster, the invention comprises the following steps: the parameter data of the iron tower comprise the cross section area of the tower body, the length of the tower body, the diameter of the pile, the type of steel and the yield strength of the steel; the soil information comprises soil composition, particle size, roundness and soil viscosity; the topographical conditions include grade and topography.
As a preferable scheme of the method for constructing the failure model of the high-voltage transmission line iron tower under the geological disaster, the invention comprises the following steps: the finite element model comprises the steps of selecting physical quantities with different weights based on pi theorem, scaling a power transmission tower prototype, simulating Mises stress distribution after amplifying the main material size by Ansys according to a rigidity equivalent principle, and performing splicing analysis of a structure and a pile by introducing a power transmission tower structure geometric model established in the Ansys into Abaqus software to obtain a power transmission tower digital model; setting a terrain gradient, simulating the influence of different slope gradients on soil body displacement and slope stress numerical simulation, in a finite element model, ensuring that the distance between a side boundary and a pile is greater than 10 times of the pile diameter, setting a mudstone layer of a soil body as a watertight boundary, taking the upper surface of the mudstone as a starting point of water level rising, simulating a rainfall infiltration process, wherein rainwater vertically infiltrates into the soil body in a slope surface infiltration mode, setting rainfall infiltration boundary conditions on an upper slope surface and a slope surface, and simultaneously setting a drainage boundary on a far slope surface of the mudstone so as to simulate the entry and drainage process of rainwater, thereby finally obtaining a soil body digital model; and (3) jointing the digital model of the power transmission tower with the digital model of the soil body, setting different rainfall, simulating the influence of soil body change on the power transmission tower under different rainfall, and obtaining a data simulation result.
As a preferable scheme of the method for constructing the failure model of the high-voltage transmission line iron tower under the geological disaster, the invention comprises the following steps: the attribute proportion comprises that data of a tower foundation design drawing are scaled, the response of a structure-pile to soil deformation under landslide displacement is considered, an equivalent stiffness method is adopted for a structural part of the power transmission tower, three controllable similarity ratios are determined to be expressed as,
Wherein, S L is expressed as a geometric similarity ratio, S E is expressed as an elastic modulus similarity ratio, S a is expressed as an acceleration similarity ratio, and S p is expressed as an equivalent density similarity ratio; the correction comprises determining the equivalent density similarity ratio and the acceleration similarity ratio of the model tower and the prototype tower according to the dimension analysis by scaling, knowing S E＝SLSρ by the controllable similarity ratio, further obtaining S m＝SESL 2, wherein the counterweight mass of the model can be expressed as the formula,
mz＝mySESL 2-mm
Wherein, m z is represented as a reduced scale tower counterweight mass, m y is represented as a prototype tower mass, and m m is represented as a reduced scale model tower mass; and loading the properties of steel and concrete materials of the iron tower into the model after correction, and constructing the physical model of the power transmission tower.
As a preferable scheme of the method for constructing the failure model of the high-voltage transmission line iron tower under the geological disaster, the invention comprises the following steps: the similarity relation comprises that the similarity relation between physical quantities affecting the weight is deduced according to the dimension analysis method of Bockingham pi theorem, and the satisfied function form is expressed as,
Wherein, S L is expressed as a geometric similarity ratio, S c is expressed as a cohesion similarity ratio, S a is expressed as an acceleration similarity ratio, and S p is expressed as an equivalent density similarity ratio; dividing the soil body into a plurality of layers, wherein the layers are determined by the collected soil information around the foundation iron tower and the topography situation around the foundation iron tower, and the soil body of each layer of soil is filled according to the soil information around the foundation iron tower; the natural water content and the natural density are measured by carrying out an in-situ sampling experiment on in-situ soil; soil characteristics under different water contents comprise that direct shear tests of soil bodies with different compactness under natural water contents and direct shear tests of soil bodies with different water contents under natural densities are respectively carried out, and cohesive force and internal friction angles of the soil bodies under different conditions are measured.
As a preferable scheme of the method for constructing the failure model of the high-voltage transmission line iron tower under the geological disaster, the invention comprises the following steps: the rainfall intensity is determined by controlling the pressure and the flow of a water valve, the initial value of the rainfall intensity is calibrated by controlling the rotation angle of the water valve before the test, the rainfall uniformity is monitored by randomly arranging a rain gauge, the spray size of a spray head is gradually regulated in the monitoring process so as to make the rainfall uniform, and finally the rainfall intensity is reversely calculated by reading the flow gauge, wherein the calculation formula is as follows,
Where i is the rainfall intensity per unit time, Δq is the difference between two adjacent flowmeter readings, t is the time taken for each rainfall, and S is the area of the test precipitation area.
As a preferable scheme of the method for constructing the failure model of the high-voltage transmission line iron tower under the geological disaster, the invention comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of preparing a simulation test box, filling each layer of soil into the box according to a soil solid model, placing the transmission tower solid model at a preset soil position, and setting a rainfall device above the box, wherein the upper surface of the box is in an opening state; arranging three monitoring planes, and burying a soil pressure sensor, a pore water pressure sensor, a displacement meter, an inclination angle sensor and a water level meter to preset positions; fixing the camera system at a globally observable location; setting up a plurality of simulation test boxes according to different slope inclinations and different working conditions of the power transmission tower, starting a rainfall device, and observing parameter states of each test box under different rainfall through a sensor and a camera; when the first rainfall is performed, observing through a camera that the water cannot continuously permeate to the soil body to saturate, stopping the rainfall, performing the second rainfall after the preset time, and observing the water level change in real time according to a water level meter; under the water level change, observing states of soil pressure sensors buried at different depths to obtain soil pressure parameters; different infiltration channels are formed in soil under different soil pressures and water levels, and the states of pore water pressure sensors distributed at all positions are observed to obtain pore water pressures of the infiltration channels; in the change of the soil body, observing a displacement meter and an inclination sensor to obtain state data of a physical model of the power transmission tower; the correcting the finite element model comprises the steps of summarizing all obtained test data, drawing a change curve graph, comparing the simulation data with the entity test data, feeding back parameter items with the difference value larger than a preset threshold value into the finite element model, and adjusting the weight of the corresponding physical quantity.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a failure model system for a pylon of a high voltage transmission line under a geological disaster, where the system can obtain simulation data and entity test data, and compare the entity test data with the simulation data to correct a model error.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method and a system for constructing a failure model of a high-voltage transmission line iron tower under geological disasters comprise the following steps: the device comprises a data acquisition module, a finite element analysis module, an entity test module and a comparison module; the data acquisition module is used for acquiring field data, and acquiring parameter data of a concrete foundation iron tower of the high-voltage transmission line, soil information around the foundation iron tower and the surrounding topography condition of the foundation iron tower; the finite element analysis module is used for carrying out finite element analysis, constructing a finite element model according to the acquired data, and carrying out simulation analysis to obtain simulation data; the entity test module comprises a power transmission tower module, a soil body module, a rainfall module and an observation module; the power transmission tower module is used for determining the attribute proportion between the entity iron tower and the model to be constructed based on the parameter data of the iron tower, correcting the entity iron tower according to dimension analysis by a method of increasing artificial quality of the model tower, and finally storing the constructed entity model data of the power transmission tower after correcting; the soil body module derives a similar relation between physical quantities influencing the weight based on dimensional analysis according to soil information and surrounding topography, divides the soil body into three layers, determines natural water content and natural density of the soil body and soil characteristics under different water contents, and finally stores soil body entity model data; the rainfall module collects rainfall data in the region and performs rainfall design to set different rainfall intensities; the observation module is used for simulating the influence condition of the soil infiltration state on the structure of the power transmission tower under different rainfall intensities based on the power transmission tower solid model and the soil solid model, observing parameter data under the test and storing the parameter data; the comparison module is used for comparing deviation between the simulation data and the entity test data, comparing the simulation data with the entity test data and correcting the finite element model.
A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, said memory storing a computer program, characterized in that the processor, when executing said computer program, implements the steps of the method for constructing a failure model of a pylon in a geological disaster as described above.
A computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that the computer program, when being executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method for constructing a failure model of a pylon in a geological disaster as described above.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the method, the influence of geological disasters on the stability of the power transmission tower can be predicted in advance through simulating the rainfall landslide induction process, and scientific basis is provided for disaster early warning, so that preventive measures are taken timely, and the loss caused by disasters is avoided or reduced. The failure mode of the power transmission tower foundation is researched through experiments, so that more accurate guidance can be provided for the design and construction of the power transmission tower, and the capacity of the power transmission tower for resisting geological disasters is enhanced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art. Wherein:
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for constructing a failure model of a pylon of a high voltage transmission line under a geological disaster in embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is a soil layer distribution schematic diagram of a method for constructing a failure model of a pylon of a high voltage transmission line under a geological disaster in embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is a diagram of a test apparatus of a method for constructing a failure model of a pylon of a high voltage transmission line under a geological disaster in example 2.
Fig. 4 is a model layout diagram of a method for constructing a failure model of a pylon of a high voltage transmission line under a geological disaster in example 2.
Fig. 5 is a block diagram of a system for constructing a failure model of a pylon of a high voltage transmission line under a geological disaster in embodiment 2.
Detailed Description
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways other than those described herein, and persons skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, a first embodiment of the present invention provides a method for constructing a failure model of a high-voltage transmission line tower under a geological disaster, where, as shown in fig. 1, a 42# tower of a line II line of guangzhou nan ningnan is taken as a research object, the tower is a claw-shaped tower, the height of the tower is 54 meters, the height of the tower is 72.3 meters, the root opening is 12.49 meters, high and low tower legs are adopted, and a ceramic foundation is adopted as a tower foundation. Geological survey data show the rock and soil information at the foundation of the power transmission tower: 0 m-6.0 m is mixed gravel powdery clay, the brown red, the gravel components are mainly sandstone and silicalite, the particle size is 20-200 mm, the grinding roundness is good, the content is about 30%, the distribution is uneven, and the soil viscosity is poor.
In order to acquire information of the transmission tower and the surrounding environment, the south Lei II line 42# base tower and the surrounding environment are subjected to photogrammetry by using a Dajiang unmanned aerial vehicle.
Based on pi theorem, selecting physical quantities with different weights, and carrying out 1 on a prototype tower leg of the power transmission tower: 20 scale. According to the principle of equivalent stiffness, mises stress distribution after Ansys simulates and amplifies the size of a main material, and the stress distribution after model simplification is consistent with that of an original model. The section size of the main material of the angle steel after the second-stage simplification is as follows: the length of the main material is 900mm, 1050mm, 1180mm and 1050mm in sequence. The diameter of the pile was d=50 mm, and the lengths of the four piles were 280mm, 240mm, 350mm, 280mm in order.
And performing splicing analysis of the structure and the pile by importing the geometric model of the power transmission tower structure established in Ansys into Abaqus software. In this analysis, an elastoplastic model of the steel was used, and the yield strength of the steel was considered to be 235MPa. In terms of contact, a fixed contact is chosen, which is chosen to simulate a fixed connection between two parts during welding. It is particularly emphasized that the fixed contact type has good applicability in simulating the bite between steel and concrete foundations, since it prevents relative sliding between the two parts. This model of connection reflects the interaction between the structure and the pile in practice, where the steel is embedded in the concrete foundation. The pile body and the finite element calculation parameters of the power transmission tower are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 pile body and transmission tower finite element calculation parameters
The soil body is simulated by adopting a molar coulomb elastoplastic model, the calculation parameters are shown in table 2, four working conditions are set by finite elements, wherein the working conditions 1 and 2 are set to have a slope gradient of 45 degrees, the working condition 3 is set to have a slope gradient of 35 degrees, and the working condition 4 is set to have a slope gradient of 25 degrees so as to simulate the influence of different slope gradients on the soil body displacement and slope body stress numerical simulation.
Table 2 soil mass finite element calculated parameters
In the finite element model, the distance between the side boundary and the pile is ensured to be more than 10 times of the pile diameter, so that the side boundary effect can be effectively eliminated, and the mud layer of the soil body is set as a water-impermeable boundary because the mud layer has low water permeability.
The upper surface of the mudstone is used as a starting point of water level rising, a rainfall infiltration process is simulated, wherein rainwater vertically infiltrates into soil in a slope surface infiltration mode, rainfall infiltration boundary conditions are set on the upper slope surface and the slope surface, meanwhile, a drainage boundary is set on the far slope surface of the mudstone so as to simulate the inlet and outlet processes of rainwater, and finally, a soil digital model is obtained, so that the infiltration process can be reflected more accurately by the setting.
And (3) jointing the digital model of the power transmission tower with the digital model of the soil body, setting different rainfall, simulating the influence of soil body change on the power transmission tower under different rainfall, and obtaining a data simulation result.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, a second embodiment of the present invention is different from the first embodiment in that: the method for constructing the failure model of the high-voltage transmission line iron tower under the geological disaster further comprises the step of verifying and explaining the technical effects adopted in the method, and the embodiment carries out entity test model design to verify the real effects of the method.
The Nanli II line 42# foundation tower is formed by connecting 21 angle steels with different sections, and nodes are connected with a node plate through bolts. The main materials of the tower body and the main materials of the cross arm are made of steel Q420 and Q345, the rest inclined materials and auxiliary materials are made of Q235 steel, and the total mass of the tower body is about 23.93 tons.
1. And (3) constructing a power transmission tower solid model: data of a tower foundation design drawing is subjected to 1:20, considering the response of the structure-pile to the soil deformation under landslide displacement, adopting an equivalent stiffness method for the structural part of the power transmission tower, determining three controllable similarity ratios to be expressed as,
Wherein S L is expressed as a geometric similarity ratio, the similarity ratio of the determined reduced scale model is 1/20, the tower model is manufactured by selecting tower legs and part of tower bodies, the model height is 1.08m, the root opening is about 0.63m, S E is expressed as an elastic modulus similarity ratio, S a is expressed as an acceleration similarity ratio, S p is expressed as an equivalent density similarity ratio, the equivalent density similarity ratio Sp=20 is obtained based on the three determined main control similarity ratios, and the rest parameter similarity ratios of the power transmission tower can be further determined based on a similarity theory and dimension analysis method. The similarity of the materials of the transmission tower model is shown in table 3:
TABLE 3 similarity ratio of transmission tower models
In addition, the tower foundation is a digging foundation (adopting C25 concrete). The foundation height of the original tower is 4, namely 5.5m, 4.7m, 5.5m and 6.9m, and the section diameters are 1m
According to the similar proportion, the model base heights are respectively 0.28m, 0.24m, 0.28m and 0.35m, and the section diameters are 0.05m. The foundation is composed of a circular steel pipe with the section diameter of 5cm and a gasket, the equivalent density similarity ratio of a model tower to a prototype tower is 20, the acceleration similarity ratio is 1 according to dimension analysis, S E＝SLSρ is known by the controllable similarity ratio, and then S m＝SESL 2 is obtained, the weight mass of the model can be expressed as formula,
mz＝mySESL 2-mm
Where m z is denoted as the scale tower counterweight mass (artificial mass), m y is denoted as the prototype tower mass (without counterweight), and m m is denoted as the scale model tower mass. The total mass of the model is about 59.8kg, and the mass of the m m scale model is about 1.1kg, so that the weight mass m z is 58.7kg, and an additional weight is fixed above the model in the form of a steel plate. And loading the properties of steel and concrete materials of the iron tower into the model after correction, and constructing the physical model of the power transmission tower.
2. Constructing a soil body entity model:
Deducing the similarity relation between physical quantities affecting the weight according to the dimension analysis method of Bockingham pi theorem, and expressing the satisfied functional form as,
Wherein S L is expressed as a geometric similarity ratio, the reduced scale model similarity ratio is determined to be 1/20 in consideration of factors such as laboratory condition limitation and model height, S a is expressed as an acceleration similarity ratio, gravity of the model is ensured not to be distorted as much as possible, 1 is taken as an equivalent density similarity ratio, S p is expressed as an equivalent density similarity ratio, the reduced scale model is kept to be highly similar to a prototype as much as possible by materials used in the test, the equivalent density similarity ratio is taken as 1, S c is expressed as a cohesive force similarity ratio, and the cohesive force similarity ratio sc=1/20 is obtained based on the three determined main control similarity ratios.
Based on the similarity theory and the dimension analysis method, the similarity ratio of the rest parameters of the landslide model can be further determined, as shown in table 4:
TABLE 4 landslide model similarity ratio
As shown in fig. 2, the soil body is divided into three layers including a filler layer, a powdery clay layer, and a mud layer. The invention adopts masonry to construct a mud layer, uses clay to fill and smear, and adopts river sand, sliding body soil, tap water and bentonite to form the filled layer and the powdery clay layer; the sliding body soil adopted by the invention can increase cohesive force and reduce permeability coefficient; bentonite can reduce internal friction angle and deformation modulus.
And (3) performing an on-site sampling experiment on the in-situ soil, measuring the natural density and the natural water content of the in-situ soil, respectively performing a soil body direct shear experiment with different compactness under the natural water content and a soil body direct shear experiment with different water content under the natural density, and measuring the cohesive force and the internal friction angle of the soil body under different conditions.
3. Rainfall intensity setting: the early 5 to 6 months of 2022 are frequently subjected to strong rainfall attack, the average daily precipitation reaches 410.5 mm, and the average daily precipitation is more than 4 years in the same period as the year, which is the most in the same period in 1979. The rainfall in Guangxi various places is 222.3 mm (Yongning) to 858.9 mm (Zhaoping), and most areas are more than the perennial period, wherein the most areas of Guangxi and Guidong are more than 5 times to 1.4 times that of the northern area, north sea, qinzhou, lingshan and the like. The rainfall is greater than 50mm in 1 hour and is 38 villages and towns, the rainfall is greater than 100 mm in 3 hours and is 32 villages and towns, and the rainfall is at most 3 hours and is found in the county of melting water and the county of powder (271.6 mm). And considering extreme rainfall conditions, the rainfall intensity of the test is 90mm/h and 150mm/h, the rainfall duration is 30 minutes once, and the interval is 15 minutes until the landslide of the tower foundation is unstable and collapses.
And (3) artificial rainfall is carried out after the instrument is prepared, filled, buried and debugged. The artificial rainfall device uses PE plastic pipe with its start end connected to the water delivery system, its end closed by plug, and is transversely passed through the steel pipe support above the model test box and fixed by iron fastener. Before the test, controlling the rotation angle of the water valve to calibrate the initial value of the rainfall intensity, monitoring the rainfall uniformity by randomly arranging a rain gauge, gradually adjusting the spray size of the spray head in the monitoring process to make the rainfall uniform, and finally reversely calculating the rainfall intensity by reading the flowmeter, wherein the calculation formula is as follows,
Where i is the rainfall intensity per unit time, Δq is the difference between two adjacent flowmeter readings, t is the time taken for each rainfall, and S is the area of the test precipitation area.
4. And (3) testing the design working conditions:
And (3) making a simulation test box, filling each layer of soil into the box according to the soil solid model, placing the transmission tower solid model at a preset soil position, and setting a rainfall device above the box, wherein the upper surface of the box is in an opening state, as shown in fig. 3.
Arranging three monitoring planes, and burying a soil pressure sensor, a pore water pressure sensor, a displacement meter, an inclination angle sensor and a water level meter to preset positions; the camera system is fixed at a globally observable point.
According to different slope inclination angles and different working conditions of the power transmission tower, a plurality of simulation test boxes are established, a rainfall device is started, and parameter states of each test box under different rainfall are observed through a sensor and a camera.
In order to analyze failure modes of the power transmission tower under the action of rainfall landslide geological disasters, slopes with different inclinations and rainfall rates are considered in a model test. As shown in FIG. 4, the depth of the foundation is obtained according to the similar theory and the original tower size is reduced, the towers with different pile lengths of 0.28m, 0.24m, 0.28m and 0.35m are defined as four tower bases of ABCD, and the inclination angle of landslide is consideredThe method is divided into three types of 25 degrees, 35 degrees and 45 degrees, the rainfall intensity is 90mm/h, the extreme rainfall condition is considered, and two rainfall intensities of 90mm/h and 150mm/h are designed in a test with an inclination angle of 45 degrees, and total 4 working conditions are calculated. The duration of each rainfall is 30 minutes, and 15 minutes are spaced in the middle, so that the sufficient penetration of rainwater is ensured. The specific data are shown in table 5:
table 5 working condition setting table
And when the water cannot continuously permeate to the soil body to saturate, the camera is used for observing the first rainfall, the rainfall is stopped, the second rainfall is carried out after the preset time, and the water level change is observed in real time according to the water level meter.
Under the water level change, observing states of soil pressure sensors buried at different depths to obtain soil pressure parameters; different infiltration channels are formed in soil under different soil pressures and water levels, and the states of pore water pressure sensors distributed at all positions are observed to obtain pore water pressure of the infiltration channels.
In the change of the soil body, observing the displacement meter and the inclination angle sensor to obtain state data of the power transmission tower solid model.
Summarizing all the obtained test data, drawing a change curve graph, comparing the simulation data with the entity test data, feeding back parameter items with the difference value larger than a preset threshold value into the finite element model, and adjusting the weight of the corresponding physical quantity.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 5, a third embodiment of the present invention is shown, which is different from the first two embodiments: a high-voltage transmission line iron tower failure model construction system under geological disasters comprises a data acquisition module, a finite element analysis module, an entity test module and a comparison module. The data acquisition module is used for acquiring field data, and acquiring parameter data of a concrete foundation iron tower of the high-voltage transmission line, soil information around the foundation iron tower and the surrounding topography condition of the foundation iron tower; the finite element analysis module is used for carrying out finite element analysis, constructing a finite element model according to the acquired data, and carrying out simulation analysis to obtain simulation data.
The entity test module comprises a power transmission tower module, a soil body module, a rainfall module and an observation module.
The power transmission tower module is used for determining the attribute proportion between the entity iron tower and the model to be constructed based on the parameter data of the iron tower, correcting the entity iron tower according to the dimension analysis by a method of increasing the artificial quality of the model tower, and finally storing the constructed entity model data of the power transmission tower after the correction; the soil body module derives a similar relation between physical quantities influencing the weight based on dimension analysis according to the soil information and the surrounding topography, divides the soil body into three layers, determines natural water content and natural density of the soil body and soil characteristics under different water contents, and finally stores soil body entity model data; the rainfall module collects rainfall data in the region, and designs rainfall to set different rainfall intensities; and the observation module is used for simulating the influence condition of the soil infiltration state on the structure of the power transmission tower under different rainfall intensities based on the power transmission tower solid model and the soil solid model, observing parameter data under the test and storing the parameter data.
The comparison module is used for comparing deviation between the simulation data and the entity test data, comparing the simulation data with the entity test data and correcting the finite element model.
The functions, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art or in a part of the technical solution, in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, comprising several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a usb disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM, random Access Memory), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, or other various media capable of storing program codes.
Logic and/or steps represented in the flowcharts or otherwise described herein, e.g., a ordered listing of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device, such as a computer-based system, processor-containing system, or other system that can fetch the instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device and execute the instructions. For the purposes of this description, a "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer-readable medium would include the following: an electrical connection (electronic device) having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette (magnetic device), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber device, and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer readable medium may even be paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, as the program may be electronically captured, via, for instance, optical scanning of the paper or other medium, then compiled, interpreted or otherwise processed in a suitable manner, if necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.
It is to be understood that portions of the present invention may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above-described embodiments, the various steps or methods may be implemented in software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, may be implemented using any one or combination of the following techniques, as is well known in the art: discrete logic circuits having logic gates for implementing logic functions on data signals, application specific integrated circuits having suitable combinational logic gates, programmable Gate Arrays (PGAs), field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), and the like.
It should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution of the present invention may be modified or substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which is intended to be covered in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The method for constructing the failure model of the high-voltage transmission line iron tower under the geological disaster is characterized by comprising the following steps of: comprising the steps of (a) a step of,
Collecting parameter data of a concrete foundation iron tower of a high-voltage transmission line, soil information around the foundation iron tower and topography conditions around the foundation iron tower;
Constructing a finite element model according to the acquired data to perform simulation analysis to obtain simulation data;
Performing test model design, determining attribute proportion between the entity iron tower and a model to be constructed based on the parameter data of the iron tower, correcting by a method of increasing artificial quality of a model tower according to dimension analysis, and finally constructing an entity model of the power transmission tower after correcting;
According to the soil information and the surrounding topography, deducing a similarity relation between physical quantities influencing the weight based on dimension analysis, dividing the soil body into a plurality of layers, determining natural water content and natural density of the soil body and soil characteristics under different water contents, and finally constructing a soil body entity model;
collecting rainfall data in a region, designing rainfall to set different rainfall intensities, and simulating the influence condition of soil infiltration states on a power transmission tower structure under different rainfall intensities based on a power transmission tower solid model and a soil solid model to obtain entity test data;
and comparing the simulation data with the entity test data, and correcting the finite element model.
2. The method for constructing the failure model of the high-voltage transmission line iron tower under the geological disaster as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the parameter data of the iron tower comprise the cross section area of the tower body, the length of the tower body, the diameter of the pile, the type of steel and the yield strength of the steel;
The soil information comprises soil composition, particle size, roundness and soil viscosity;
the topographical conditions include grade and topography.
3. The method for constructing the failure model of the high-voltage transmission line iron tower under the geological disaster as claimed in claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: the finite element model comprises the steps of selecting physical quantities with different weights based on pi theorem, scaling a power transmission tower prototype, simulating Mises stress distribution after amplifying the main material size by Ansys according to a rigidity equivalent principle, and performing splicing analysis of a structure and a pile by introducing a power transmission tower structure geometric model established in the Ansys into Abaqus software to obtain a power transmission tower digital model;
Setting a terrain gradient, simulating the influence of different slope gradients on soil body displacement and slope stress numerical simulation, in a finite element model, ensuring that the distance between a side boundary and a pile is greater than 10 times of the pile diameter, setting a mudstone layer of a soil body as a watertight boundary, taking the upper surface of the mudstone as a starting point of water level rising, simulating a rainfall infiltration process, wherein rainwater vertically infiltrates into the soil body in a slope surface infiltration mode, setting rainfall infiltration boundary conditions on an upper slope surface and a slope surface, and simultaneously setting a drainage boundary on a far slope surface of the mudstone so as to simulate the entry and drainage process of rainwater, thereby finally obtaining a soil body digital model;
And (3) jointing the digital model of the power transmission tower with the digital model of the soil body, setting different rainfall, simulating the influence of soil body change on the power transmission tower under different rainfall, and obtaining a data simulation result.
4. A method for constructing a failure model of a high-voltage transmission line iron tower under geological disasters, as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the attribute proportion comprises that data of a tower foundation design drawing are scaled, the response of a structure-pile to soil deformation under landslide displacement is considered, an equivalent stiffness method is adopted for a structural part of the power transmission tower, three controllable similarity ratios are determined to be expressed as,
Wherein, S L is expressed as a geometric similarity ratio, S E is expressed as an elastic modulus similarity ratio, S a is expressed as an acceleration similarity ratio, and S p is expressed as an equivalent density similarity ratio;
The correction comprises determining the equivalent density similarity ratio and the acceleration similarity ratio of the model tower and the prototype tower according to the dimension analysis by scaling, knowing S E＝SLSρ by the controllable similarity ratio, further obtaining S m＝SESL 2, wherein the counterweight mass of the model can be expressed as the formula,
mz＝mySESL 2-mm
Wherein, m z is represented as a reduced scale tower counterweight mass, m y is represented as a prototype tower mass, and m m is represented as a reduced scale model tower mass;
And loading the properties of steel and concrete materials of the iron tower into the model after correction, and constructing the physical model of the power transmission tower.
5. The method for constructing the failure model of the high-voltage transmission line iron tower under the geological disaster as claimed in claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the similarity relation comprises that the similarity relation between physical quantities affecting the weight is deduced according to the dimension analysis method of Bockingham pi theorem, and the satisfied function form is expressed as,
Wherein, S L is expressed as a geometric similarity ratio, S c is expressed as a cohesion similarity ratio, S a is expressed as an acceleration similarity ratio, and S p is expressed as an equivalent density similarity ratio;
Dividing the soil body into a plurality of layers, wherein the layers are determined by the collected soil information around the foundation iron tower and the topography situation around the foundation iron tower, and the soil body of each layer of soil is filled according to the soil information around the foundation iron tower;
The natural water content and the natural density are measured by carrying out an in-situ sampling experiment on in-situ soil;
Soil characteristics under different water contents comprise that direct shear tests of soil bodies with different compactness under natural water contents and direct shear tests of soil bodies with different water contents under natural densities are respectively carried out, and cohesive force and internal friction angles of the soil bodies under different conditions are measured.
6. The method for constructing the failure model of the high-voltage transmission line iron tower under the geological disaster as claimed in claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the rainfall intensity is determined by controlling the pressure and the flow of a water valve, the initial value of the rainfall intensity is calibrated by controlling the rotation angle of the water valve before the test, the rainfall uniformity is monitored by randomly arranging a rain gauge, the spray size of a spray head is gradually regulated in the monitoring process so as to make the rainfall uniform, and finally the rainfall intensity is reversely calculated by reading the flow gauge, wherein the calculation formula is as follows,
Where i is the rainfall intensity per unit time, Δq is the difference between two adjacent flowmeter readings, t is the time taken for each rainfall, and S is the area of the test precipitation area.
7. The method for constructing the failure model of the high-voltage transmission line iron tower under the geological disaster as claimed in claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of preparing a simulation test box, filling each layer of soil into the box according to a soil solid model, placing the transmission tower solid model at a preset soil position, and setting a rainfall device above the box, wherein the upper surface of the box is in an opening state;
Arranging three monitoring planes, and burying a soil pressure sensor, a pore water pressure sensor, a displacement meter, an inclination angle sensor and a water level meter to preset positions; fixing the camera system at a globally observable location;
setting up a plurality of simulation test boxes according to different slope inclinations and different working conditions of the power transmission tower, starting a rainfall device, and observing parameter states of each test box under different rainfall through a sensor and a camera;
When the first rainfall is performed, observing through a camera that the water cannot continuously permeate to the soil body to saturate, stopping the rainfall, performing the second rainfall after the preset time, and observing the water level change in real time according to a water level meter;
Under the water level change, observing states of soil pressure sensors buried at different depths to obtain soil pressure parameters; different infiltration channels are formed in soil under different soil pressures and water levels, and the states of pore water pressure sensors distributed at all positions are observed to obtain pore water pressures of the infiltration channels;
in the change of the soil body, observing a displacement meter and an inclination sensor to obtain state data of a physical model of the power transmission tower;
The correcting the finite element model comprises the steps of summarizing all obtained test data, drawing a change curve graph, comparing the simulation data with the entity test data, feeding back parameter items with the difference value larger than a preset threshold value into the finite element model, and adjusting the weight of the corresponding physical quantity.
8. A system adopting the method for constructing the failure model of the high-voltage transmission line iron tower under geological disasters according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which is characterized in that: the system comprises a data acquisition module, a finite element analysis module, an entity test module and a comparison module;
The data acquisition module is used for acquiring field data, and acquiring parameter data of a concrete foundation iron tower of the high-voltage transmission line, soil information around the foundation iron tower and the surrounding topography condition of the foundation iron tower;
The finite element analysis module is used for carrying out finite element analysis, constructing a finite element model according to the acquired data, and carrying out simulation analysis to obtain simulation data;
The entity test module comprises a power transmission tower module, a soil body module, a rainfall module and an observation module;
The power transmission tower module is used for determining the attribute proportion between the entity iron tower and the model to be constructed based on the parameter data of the iron tower, correcting the entity iron tower according to dimension analysis by a method of increasing artificial quality of the model tower, and finally storing the constructed entity model data of the power transmission tower after correcting;
The soil body module derives a similar relation between physical quantities influencing the weight based on dimensional analysis according to soil information and surrounding topography, divides the soil body into three layers, determines natural water content and natural density of the soil body and soil characteristics under different water contents, and finally stores soil body entity model data;
the rainfall module collects rainfall data in the region and performs rainfall design to set different rainfall intensities;
The observation module is used for simulating the influence condition of the soil infiltration state on the structure of the power transmission tower under different rainfall intensities based on the power transmission tower solid model and the soil solid model, observing parameter data under the test and storing the parameter data;
The comparison module is used for comparing deviation between the simulation data and the entity test data, comparing the simulation data with the entity test data and correcting the finite element model.
9. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, characterized in that: the processor, when executing the computer program, implements the steps of the method for constructing a failure model of a pylon of a high voltage transmission line under a geological disaster as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, characterized by: the computer program when executed by a processor implements the steps of the method for constructing a failure model of a pylon of a high voltage transmission line under a geological disaster of any one of claims 1 to 7.
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