CN118032794B - Method and system for detecting defects of cylinder wall of high-pressure gas cylinder - Google Patents
Method and system for detecting defects of cylinder wall of high-pressure gas cylinder Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for detecting defects of a bottle wall of a high-pressure gas bottle, belongs to the technical field of high-pressure gas bottle defect detection, and aims to solve the technical problems that the existing high-pressure gas bottle defect detection method lacks quantitative analysis means for the defects of the bottle wall of the high-pressure gas bottle and cannot accurately and comprehensively detect and evaluate the defects of the bottle wall. The method comprises the following steps: collecting panoramic images of the inner wall and the outer wall of the high-pressure gas cylinder to be detected within a first preset time period; extracting a defect target in each panoramic image; analyzing the defect development stage of the defect target; acquiring acoustic emission signals of each defect target position of the high-pressure gas cylinder to be detected in a second preset time period; analyzing the acoustic emission signals to obtain an intensity change curve and a ringing count change curve of each defect target; and determining defect evaluation information of each defect target on the wall of the high-pressure gas cylinder to be detected according to the development stage, the intensity change curve and the ringing count change curve of the defect target.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high-pressure gas cylinder defect detection, in particular to a method and a system for detecting a cylinder wall defect of a high-pressure gas cylinder.
Background
With the progress of scientific technology and the development of industrial production, the high-pressure gas cylinder is widely applied to various industrial fields such as petrochemical industry, metallurgy, national defense and the like and daily life of people. Since high-pressure gas cylinders are mostly used for filling flammable and explosive gases, safety detection of the high-pressure gas cylinders has become one of the focuses of attention at present. In the process of producing and using the high-pressure gas cylinder, the inner wall of the gas cylinder may be damaged to different degrees due to polishing or machining, such as scratches, pits, stretch injuries and the like, and the defects are continuously expanded under the continuous high-pressure action in the process of using the gas cylinder, and if the defects are not found in time, serious potential safety hazards may be generated.
At present, the technology for detecting the defects of the high-pressure gas cylinder is various and mainly comprises methods such as manual detection, ultrasonic detection, infrared thermal imaging detection, acoustic emission detection and the like, but the detection methods all have respective short plates, are prominently reflected in that quantitative analysis of the defects of the high-pressure gas cylinder is difficult, only the positions of the defects can be found, and the development degree of the defects cannot be accurately analyzed. Although the acoustic emission detection method can analyze the information of the position, the size, the development direction and the like of the defects, the method has weak sensitivity to detection noise, is easy to identify the noise as the defects by mistake, has weak damage degree analysis capability to the defects, and cannot accurately and comprehensively detect and evaluate the defects of the wall of the high-pressure gas cylinder.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a method and a system for detecting the defects of the wall of a high-pressure gas cylinder, which are used for solving the following technical problems: the existing high-pressure gas cylinder defect detection method lacks quantitative analysis means for the high-pressure gas cylinder wall defects, and cannot accurately and comprehensively detect and evaluate the bottle wall defects.
The embodiment of the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
In one aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for detecting a defect in a cylinder wall of a high-pressure gas cylinder, where the method includes: collecting panoramic images of the inner wall and the outer wall of the high-pressure gas cylinder to be detected through a panoramic scanning imaging system in a first preset time period;
Extracting a defect target in each panoramic image through an image processing algorithm; wherein the defect targets include visible defect targets and invisible defect targets;
Analyzing the defect development stage of the defect targets to obtain the development stage of each defect target;
in a second preset time period, acquiring acoustic emission signals of each defect target position of the high-pressure gas cylinder to be tested in the high-pressure working process;
noise reduction processing is carried out on the acoustic emission signals, acoustic emission signal analysis is carried out, and an intensity change curve and a ringing count change curve of each defect target are obtained;
And determining defect evaluation information of each defect target on the wall of the high-pressure gas cylinder to be detected according to the development stage, the intensity change curve and the ringing count change curve of the defect target.
In a possible implementation manner, in a first preset time period, acquiring panoramic images of the inner wall and the outer wall of the high-pressure gas cylinder to be detected through a panoramic scanning imaging system specifically includes:
constructing the panoramic scanning imaging system through a CCD camera and a rotary translation console; the panoramic scanning imaging system comprises an inner wall scanning imaging system and an outer wall scanning imaging system;
Collecting panoramic images of the inner wall and the outer wall of the high-pressure gas cylinder to be tested based on a preset collecting frequency in a first preset time period; the panoramic image of the inner wall of the high-pressure gas cylinder to be detected is acquired through the inner wall scanning imaging system, and the panoramic image of the outer wall of the high-pressure gas cylinder to be detected is acquired through the outer wall scanning imaging system.
In a possible implementation manner, the defect target in each panoramic image is extracted through an image processing algorithm, which specifically includes:
Extracting a visible defect target in each panoramic image through a first image processing algorithm; the first image processing algorithm is an image edge feature extraction algorithm; the visible defect target comprises at least pits and microcracks;
Extracting invisible defect targets in each panoramic image through a second image processing algorithm; wherein the second image processing algorithm is a pixel position displacement detection algorithm; the invisible defect target includes at least a deformation of the bottle wall surface.
In a possible implementation manner, the method for extracting the visible defect target in each panoramic image through the first image processing algorithm specifically comprises the following steps:
Carrying out Gaussian filtering on each panoramic image acquired in the first preset time period;
Performing edge gradient calculation on the panoramic image after Gaussian filtering through an image edge feature extraction algorithm to obtain edge features in each panoramic image;
reserving a region with gray value gradient change larger than a first preset threshold value in the edge feature to obtain an initial visible defect target region;
Calculating a first average gray value of each initial visible defect target area;
Performing expansion processing on each initial visible defect target area by taking structural pixels with preset radiuses as units, and calculating a second average gray value of each initial visible defect target area after the expansion processing;
if the second average gray value of the same initial visible defect target area is larger than the first average gray value, judging the initial visible defect target area as an impurity area, and eliminating the impurity area;
Performing position comparison on the initial visible defect target areas reserved in each inner wall panoramic image, and removing the initial visible defect target areas with occurrence frequency lower than a second preset threshold value to obtain visible defect targets in each inner wall panoramic image;
And comparing the positions of the initial visible defect target areas reserved in each outer wall panoramic image, and removing the initial visible defect target areas with the occurrence frequency lower than a second preset threshold value to obtain visible defect targets in each outer wall panoramic image.
In a possible implementation manner, the extracting of the invisible defect target in each panoramic image through the second image processing algorithm specifically comprises the following steps:
According to Determining a strain standard deviation C between a pixel point in each panoramic image and a pixel point in a pre-stored initial panoramic image; wherein n is the number of pixel points,/>Is the strain value of the ith pixel point,/>The strain distribution average value of each pixel point is obtained;
clustering the strain standard deviation of each pixel point to obtain a plurality of strain value abnormal areas;
and calculating the strain value average value of the pixel points in each strain value abnormal region, and determining the strain value abnormal region with the strain value average value larger than a third preset threshold value as the region where the invisible defect target is located.
In a possible embodiment, the defect target is subjected to defect development stage analysis to obtain the development stage of each defect target, which specifically includes:
drawing a region area change curve of each defect target according to a time sequence in a first preset time period;
Calculating the area increasing speed of each defect target in the first preset time period;
Determining the development stage of each defect target according to the development stage interval of the area growth speed of the region; wherein the development stage comprises an elastic deformation stage, a plastic deformation stage and a crack propagation stage.
In a possible implementation manner, noise reduction processing is performed on the acoustic emission signals, acoustic emission signal analysis is performed to obtain an intensity change curve and a ringing count change curve of each defect target, and the method specifically includes:
Performing wavelet transformation on the acoustic emission signal to remove noise in the acoustic emission signal;
after denoising, acquiring signal amplitude of the acoustic emission signal in a second preset time period according to the time sequence;
drawing the intensity change curve according to the signal amplitude;
counting ringing count accumulated values in the acoustic emission signals within the second preset time period;
And drawing a ringing count change curve according to the ringing count accumulated value.
In a possible implementation manner, determining defect evaluation information of each defect target on the high-pressure gas cylinder wall to be detected according to the development stage of the defect target, the intensity change curve and the ringing count change curve specifically includes:
Removing abnormal values which do not accord with the development stage of the defect target from the intensity change curve and the ringing count change curve, and smoothing the intensity change curve and the ringing count change curve after removing the abnormal values;
determining the duty ratio of a high-amplitude signal in the intensity change curve of each defect target after the smoothing treatment;
determining the expansion characteristic of the defect target according to the comparison result of the duty ratio of the high-amplitude signal and a fourth preset threshold value; wherein the extension characteristics include: the expansion characteristics are obvious and the expansion characteristics are not obvious;
Determining a ringing count increment value in the second preset time period in the ringing count change curve after the defect target is subjected to smoothing treatment;
determining the expansion speed of the defect target according to the ringing count increment value;
and determining the expansion characteristic and the expansion speed of the defect target as defect evaluation information of the defect target.
In one possible embodiment, the duty cycle of the high-amplitude signal is determined in the intensity variation curve after smoothing of each defect target; according to the comparison result of the duty ratio of the high-amplitude signal and a fourth preset threshold, determining the expansion characteristic of the defect target specifically comprises:
Acquiring the duration of the amplitude value in a preset high-amplitude value interval in the intensity change curve;
calculating the duty ratio of the duration to the total duration of the intensity change curve to obtain the duty ratio of the high-amplitude signal;
if the duty ratio of the high-amplitude signal is larger than the fourth preset threshold, determining that the expansion characteristic of the defect target is obvious; otherwise, determining that the expansion characteristic of the defect target is not obvious.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the invention also provides a system for detecting the defect of the cylinder wall of the high-pressure gas cylinder, which comprises the following steps:
The first data acquisition module is used for acquiring panoramic images of the inner wall and the outer wall of the high-pressure gas cylinder to be detected through the panoramic scanning imaging system in a first preset time period;
the defect target extraction module is used for extracting a defect target in each panoramic image through an image processing algorithm; wherein the defect targets include visible defect targets and invisible defect targets; analyzing the defect development stage of the defect targets to obtain the development stage of each defect target;
the second data acquisition module is used for acquiring acoustic emission signals of each defect target position in the high-pressure working process of the high-pressure gas cylinder to be detected in a second preset time period;
The defect target evaluation module is used for carrying out noise reduction treatment on the acoustic emission signals and analyzing the acoustic emission signals to obtain an intensity change curve and a ringing count change curve of each defect target; and determining defect evaluation information of each defect target on the wall of the high-pressure gas cylinder to be detected according to the development stage, the intensity change curve and the ringing count change curve of the defect target.
Compared with the prior art, the method and the system for detecting the defects of the cylinder wall of the high-pressure gas cylinder have the following beneficial effects:
The invention combines the visual detection technology and the acoustic emission detection technology, firstly obtains the defect target with higher precision by the visual detection technology, and overcomes the defects that the acoustic emission detection technology is easily affected by noise and has low detection precision. And then, on the basis of defect targets determined by a visual detection technology, further acquiring acoustic emission signals of the defect targets by adopting an acoustic emission technology, and removing abnormal characteristic points from a change curve of the acoustic emission signals according to a defect development stage obtained by the visual detection technology, so that the accuracy of acoustic emission signal analysis is further improved. And finally, performing defect characteristic analysis on the optimized acoustic emission signal change curve to obtain defect evaluation information of each defect target on the wall of the high-pressure gas cylinder. The method not only realizes the high-precision non-contact defect detection of the high-pressure gas cylinder, but also carries out quantitative analysis on each defect target, carries out accurate and comprehensive detection and evaluation on the defect target, and provides important data support for judging the safety of the high-pressure gas cylinder.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort to those skilled in the art. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for detecting defects of a cylinder wall of a high-pressure gas cylinder according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for detecting a defect in a cylinder wall of a high-pressure gas cylinder according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solution of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments herein without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for detecting the defect of the bottle wall of a high-pressure gas bottle, which is shown in fig. 1, and specifically comprises the following steps of S101-S106:
S101, collecting panoramic images of the inner wall and the outer wall of the high-pressure gas cylinder to be detected through a panoramic scanning imaging system in a first preset time period.
Specifically, a charge coupled device (charge coupled device, CCD) camera is firstly installed on a rotary translation console to form a panoramic scanning imaging system; the panoramic scanning imaging system comprises an inner wall scanning imaging system and an outer wall scanning imaging system.
In one embodiment, the CCD camera is mounted on a console that can be raised and lowered and rotated to form an internal wall scanning imaging system. The CCD camera is arranged on a control console which can rotate around a central shaft and can be lifted, so as to form the outer wall scanning imaging system. The radius of rotation of the console in the external wall scanning imaging system can be adjusted so that the CCD camera on the console can rotate around the external wall of the high-pressure gas cylinder for one turn and does not touch the external wall of the high-pressure gas cylinder.
Further, in a first preset time period, based on preset acquisition frequency, panoramic images of the inner wall and the outer wall of the high-pressure gas cylinder to be detected are acquired. The panoramic image of the inner wall of the high-pressure gas cylinder to be detected is acquired through the inner wall scanning imaging system, and the panoramic image of the outer wall of the high-pressure gas cylinder to be detected is acquired through the outer wall scanning imaging system.
S102, extracting a defect target in each panoramic image through an image processing algorithm. Wherein the defect targets include visible defect targets and invisible defect targets.
Specifically, extracting a visible defect target in each panoramic image through a first image processing algorithm; the first image processing algorithm is an image edge feature extraction algorithm; the visible defect target includes at least pits and micro-cracks.
Further, extracting invisible defect targets in each panoramic image through a second image processing algorithm; the second image processing algorithm is a pixel position displacement detection algorithm; the invisible defect target includes at least a deformation of the bottle wall surface.
As a possible implementation manner, the first image processing algorithm is used for extracting the visible defect target in each panoramic image, and the specific implementation manner is as follows: and firstly, carrying out Gaussian filtering on each panoramic image acquired in a first preset time period. And then, carrying out edge gradient calculation on the panoramic image after Gaussian filtering through an image edge feature extraction algorithm to obtain edge features in each panoramic image. And reserving a region with gray value gradient change larger than a first preset threshold value in the edge characteristics to obtain an initial visible defect target region. Further, calculating a first average gray value of each initial visible defect target area; and then, performing expansion processing on each initial visible defect target area by taking structural pixels with preset radiuses as units, and calculating a second average gray value of each initial visible defect target area after the expansion processing. And if the second average gray value of the same initial visible defect target area is larger than the first average gray value, judging the initial visible defect target area as an impurity area, and eliminating the impurity area. And comparing the positions of the initial visible defect target areas reserved in each inner wall panoramic image, and removing the initial visible defect target areas with the occurrence frequency lower than a second preset threshold value to obtain visible defect targets in each inner wall panoramic image. And comparing the positions of the initial visible defect target areas reserved in each outer wall panoramic image, and removing the initial visible defect target areas with the occurrence frequency lower than a second preset threshold value to obtain visible defect targets in each outer wall panoramic image.
In one embodiment, the image edge feature extraction algorithm adopted by the invention comprises a Canny operator, wherein the Canny operator is an optimized edge detection operator, and has better signal-to-noise ratio and detection precision. Firstly, carrying out Gaussian filtering on each panoramic image according to the Canny algorithm principle, and calculating gradient values and gradient directions at each point in the image through a Canny convolution operator. And then screening pixel point areas with gradient values larger than a first preset threshold value (10 in the process), and determining an initial visible defect target area. In the invention, each defective area is expanded by structural pixels with the radius of 5 pixels, and the average gray value after expansion is compared with the original average gray value, if the average gray value after expansion is large, the area is indicated to be the impurity of the bottle body, the area is removed, and the remaining area is reserved as the visible defective target area. Further, since a plurality of panoramic images at the same position are periodically acquired within a first preset time period, the panoramic images acquired at different times are transversely compared, and the situation that defects are detected in one image and defects are not detected in the other image possibly exists at the same bottle body position, so that the frequency of occurrence of a current visible defect target area in the current panoramic image in all panoramic images is counted, if the frequency is too low, the current visible defect target area is identified as a defect target area which is detected by mistake, and the area is removed from a detection result. After each panoramic image is traversed, the defect target in the visible defect target area which is not removed is the final visible defect target.
By the method, the visible defect targets such as pits, microcracks and the like in the outer wall and the inner wall of the high-pressure gas cylinder are identified, so that the detection accuracy of the visible defect targets can be greatly improved, and the misjudgment rate is reduced.
As a possible implementation manner, the invisible defect target in each panoramic image is extracted through a second image processing algorithm, and the specific implementation manner is as follows: firstly, in order to quantify the deformation non-uniformity degree of the surface of the high-pressure gas cylinder, introducing a standard deviation of stress variation as a characterization parameter of the surface deformation of the high-pressure gas cylinder. When the high-pressure gas cylinder leaves the factory, pre-storing an initial panoramic image of the high-pressure gas cylinder, and preparing data for defect detection. When detecting defects, taking out an initial panoramic image, and then according to a strain standard deviation formulaDetermining a strain standard deviation C between a pixel point in each panoramic image and a pixel point in a pre-stored initial panoramic image; wherein n is the number of pixel points,/>Is the strain value of the ith pixel point,The average value of strain distribution of each pixel point. And then, clustering the strain standard deviation of each pixel point to obtain a plurality of strain value abnormal areas. And calculating the strain value average value of the pixel points in each strain value abnormal region, and determining the strain value abnormal region with the strain value average value larger than a third preset threshold value as the region where the invisible defect target is located.
In one embodiment, the deformation degree of each pixel point on the surface of the high-pressure gas cylinder to be detected is calculated through the formula, and then a plurality of areas with larger deformation degree can be determined after clustering, so that the abnormal deformation defect target on the surface of the high-pressure gas cylinder can be determined.
S103, analyzing the defect development stage of the defect targets to obtain the development stage of each defect target.
Specifically, in a first preset time period, drawing a region area change curve of each defect target according to a time sequence. And calculating the area growth speed of each defect target in the first preset time period.
Further, determining the development stage of each defect target according to the development stage interval of the region area growth speed; the development stage comprises an elastic deformation stage, a plastic deformation stage and a crack propagation stage.
As a possible implementation, the defect development stage is divided into three stages according to the defect area growth characteristics of the defects with different degrees: and the elastic deformation stage, the plastic deformation stage and the crack propagation stage, experimental data are obtained through multiple experiments, and corresponding area growth speed data intervals are specified for each stage. When the obtained area increasing speed of the defect target belongs to the data interval of the elastic deformation stage, determining that the development stage of the defect target is the elastic deformation stage.
S104, in a second preset time period, acquiring acoustic emission signals of each defect target position of the high-pressure gas cylinder to be tested in the high-pressure working process.
Specifically, the acoustic emission signal receiving sensor is arranged at the defect target position determined in the steps, and high-pressure gas is filled in the high-pressure gas cylinder to be detected, so that the high-pressure gas cylinder is in the high-pressure working process. And continuously collecting acoustic emission signals at each defect target in the working process, wherein the collecting duration is a second preset time period.
S105, noise reduction processing is carried out on the acoustic emission signals, acoustic emission signal analysis is carried out, and an intensity change curve and a ringing count change curve of each defect target are obtained.
Specifically, wavelet transformation is performed on the acquired acoustic emission signals to remove noise in the acoustic emission signals. And after denoising, acquiring the signal amplitude of the acoustic emission signal in a second preset time period according to the time sequence. And then, according to the signal amplitude at each moment, drawing an intensity change curve at each defect target position. The abscissa of the intensity change curve is time, the ordinate is signal amplitude, and each defect target corresponds to one intensity change curve.
Further, counting ringing count accumulated values in the acoustic emission signals within a second preset time period; and drawing a ringing count change curve according to the ringing count accumulated value. The abscissa of the ringing count change curve is time, the ordinate is ringing count, and each defect target corresponds to one ringing count change curve.
S106, determining defect evaluation information of each defect target on the wall of the high-pressure gas cylinder to be detected according to the development stage, the intensity change curve and the ringing count change curve of the defect target.
Specifically, the intensity change curve and the ringing count change curve are removed, abnormal values of the development stage to which the defect target belongs are not met, and the intensity change curve and the ringing count change curve after the abnormal values are removed are subjected to smoothing treatment.
As a possible implementation manner, firstly, according to the acoustic emission signal amplitude interval and the ringing count change interval of each development stage, data points which obviously do not belong to the development stage of the defect target in the intensity change curve and the ringing count change curve are removed, and the rest curve is subjected to smoothing treatment so as to eliminate the influence of the interference data.
Further, in the intensity variation curve after the smoothing of each defect target, the duty ratio of the high-amplitude signal is determined. Determining the expansion characteristic of the defect target according to the comparison result of the duty ratio of the high-amplitude signal and the fourth preset threshold value; wherein the extension characteristics include: the extension feature is significant and the extension feature is insignificant.
As a possible implementation manner, in the intensity variation curve after the defect target smoothing process, the determining the duty ratio of the high-amplitude signal specifically includes: acquiring the duration of the amplitude value in a preset high-amplitude value interval in the intensity change curve; and calculating the duty ratio of the duration to the total duration of the intensity change curve to obtain the duty ratio of the high-amplitude signal. If the duty ratio of the high-amplitude signal is larger than a fourth preset threshold value, determining that the expansion characteristic of the defect target is obvious; otherwise, the expansion characteristic of the defect target is determined to be insignificant.
Further, in the ringing count change curve after the smoothing process of each defect target, a ringing count increment value in a second preset period of time is determined. And determining the expansion speed of the defect target according to the size of the ringing count increment value.
In the defect expansion rule of the high-pressure gas cylinder, the more high-amplitude signals in the acoustic emission signals, the more remarkable the defect expansion characteristic is. And the expansion speed of the defect is in linear relation with the ringing count increment value, so that the larger the ringing count increment value is, the larger the expansion speed of the defect is. In the present invention, the rate of increase of the ringing count is determined as the rate of expansion of the defect target.
Further, the expansion characteristics and the expansion speed of the defect target are determined to be defect evaluation information of the defect target, and the defect evaluation information and the position and the area image of the defect target are transmitted to a defect detection screen for inspection by a detection personnel. The method not only realizes the high-precision non-contact defect detection of the high-pressure gas cylinder, but also carries out quantitative analysis on each defect target, carries out accurate and comprehensive detection and evaluation on the defect target, and provides important data support for judging the safety of the high-pressure gas cylinder.
In addition, the embodiment of the invention further provides a system for detecting the defect of the cylinder wall of the high-pressure gas cylinder, as shown in fig. 2, the system 200 for detecting the defect of the cylinder wall of the high-pressure gas cylinder specifically comprises:
The first data acquisition module 210 is configured to acquire panoramic images of the inner and outer walls of the high-pressure gas cylinder to be measured through the panoramic scanning imaging system in a first preset time period;
a defect target extracting module 220, configured to extract a defect target in each panoramic image through an image processing algorithm; wherein the defect targets include visible defect targets and invisible defect targets; analyzing the defect development stage of the defect targets to obtain the development stage of each defect target;
The second data acquisition module 230 is configured to acquire acoustic emission signals at each defect target position of the to-be-detected high-pressure gas cylinder during a high-pressure working process in a second preset time period;
The defect target evaluation module 240 is configured to perform noise reduction processing on the acoustic emission signals, and perform acoustic emission signal analysis to obtain an intensity change curve and a ringing count change curve of each defect target; and determining defect evaluation information of each defect target on the wall of the high-pressure gas cylinder to be detected according to the development stage, the intensity change curve and the ringing count change curve of the defect target.
The embodiments of the present invention are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts of the embodiments are all referred to each other, and each embodiment is mainly described in the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for apparatus, devices, non-volatile computer storage medium embodiments, the description is relatively simple, as it is substantially similar to method embodiments, with reference to the section of the method embodiments being relevant.
The foregoing describes certain embodiments of the present invention. In addition, the processes depicted in the accompanying figures do not necessarily require the particular order shown, or sequential order, to achieve desirable results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.
The foregoing is merely exemplary of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and changes may be made to the embodiments of the invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the embodiments of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for detecting a defect in a cylinder wall of a high-pressure gas cylinder, the method comprising:
Collecting panoramic images of the inner wall and the outer wall of the high-pressure gas cylinder to be detected through a panoramic scanning imaging system in a first preset time period;
Extracting a defect target in each panoramic image through an image processing algorithm; wherein the defect targets include visible defect targets and invisible defect targets;
Analyzing the defect development stage of the defect targets to obtain the development stage of each defect target;
in a second preset time period, acquiring acoustic emission signals of each defect target position of the high-pressure gas cylinder to be tested in the high-pressure working process;
Noise reduction processing is carried out on the acoustic emission signals, acoustic emission signal analysis is carried out, and an intensity change curve and a ringing count change curve of each defect target are obtained, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: performing wavelet transformation on the acoustic emission signal to remove noise in the acoustic emission signal; after denoising, acquiring signal amplitude of the acoustic emission signal in a second preset time period according to the time sequence; drawing the intensity change curve according to the signal amplitude; counting ringing count accumulated values in the acoustic emission signals within the second preset time period; drawing a ringing count change curve according to the ringing count accumulated value;
According to the development stage, the intensity change curve and the ringing count change curve of the defect targets, determining defect evaluation information of each defect target on the wall of the high-pressure gas cylinder to be detected specifically comprises the following steps: removing abnormal values which do not accord with the development stage of the defect target from the intensity change curve and the ringing count change curve, and smoothing the intensity change curve and the ringing count change curve after removing the abnormal values; determining the duty ratio of a high-amplitude signal in the intensity change curve of each defect target after the smoothing treatment; determining the expansion characteristic of the defect target according to the comparison result of the duty ratio of the high-amplitude signal and a fourth preset threshold value; wherein the extension characteristics include: the expansion characteristics are obvious and the expansion characteristics are not obvious; determining a ringing count increment value in the second preset time period in the ringing count change curve after the defect target is subjected to smoothing treatment; determining the expansion speed of the defect target according to the ringing count increment value; determining the expansion characteristic and the expansion speed of the defect target as defect evaluation information of the defect target;
The method comprises the steps of determining the duty ratio of a high-amplitude signal in an intensity change curve of each defect target after smoothing treatment; according to the comparison result of the duty ratio of the high-amplitude signal and a fourth preset threshold, determining the expansion characteristic of the defect target specifically comprises:
acquiring the duration of the amplitude value in a preset high-amplitude value interval in the intensity change curve; calculating the duty ratio of the duration to the total duration of the intensity change curve to obtain the duty ratio of the high-amplitude signal; if the duty ratio of the high-amplitude signal is larger than the fourth preset threshold, determining that the expansion characteristic of the defect target is obvious; otherwise, determining that the expansion characteristic of the defect target is not obvious.
2. The method for detecting the defects of the cylinder wall of the high-pressure gas cylinder according to claim 1, wherein the panoramic scanning imaging system is used for acquiring panoramic images of the inner wall and the outer wall of the high-pressure gas cylinder to be detected in a first preset time period, specifically comprising the following steps:
constructing the panoramic scanning imaging system through a CCD camera and a rotary translation console; the panoramic scanning imaging system comprises an inner wall scanning imaging system and an outer wall scanning imaging system;
Collecting panoramic images of the inner wall and the outer wall of the high-pressure gas cylinder to be tested based on a preset collecting frequency in a first preset time period; the panoramic image of the inner wall of the high-pressure gas cylinder to be detected is acquired through the inner wall scanning imaging system, and the panoramic image of the outer wall of the high-pressure gas cylinder to be detected is acquired through the outer wall scanning imaging system.
3. The method for detecting the defects of the cylinder wall of the high-pressure gas cylinder according to claim 1, wherein the defect target in each panoramic image is extracted by an image processing algorithm, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
Extracting a visible defect target in each panoramic image through a first image processing algorithm; the first image processing algorithm is an image edge feature extraction algorithm; the visible defect target comprises at least pits and microcracks;
Extracting invisible defect targets in each panoramic image through a second image processing algorithm; wherein the second image processing algorithm is a pixel position displacement detection algorithm; the invisible defect target includes at least a deformation of the bottle wall surface.
4. A method for detecting a defect in a cylinder wall of a high-pressure gas cylinder according to claim 3, wherein the step of extracting a visible defect target in each panoramic image by a first image processing algorithm comprises the following steps:
Carrying out Gaussian filtering on each panoramic image acquired in the first preset time period;
Performing edge gradient calculation on the panoramic image after Gaussian filtering through an image edge feature extraction algorithm to obtain edge features in each panoramic image;
reserving a region with gray value gradient change larger than a first preset threshold value in the edge feature to obtain an initial visible defect target region;
Calculating a first average gray value of each initial visible defect target area;
Performing expansion processing on each initial visible defect target area by taking structural pixels with preset radiuses as units, and calculating a second average gray value of each initial visible defect target area after the expansion processing;
if the second average gray value of the same initial visible defect target area is larger than the first average gray value, judging the initial visible defect target area as an impurity area, and eliminating the impurity area;
And comparing the positions of the initial visible defect target areas reserved in each inner wall panoramic image and each outer wall panoramic image, and removing the initial visible defect target areas with the occurrence frequency lower than a second preset threshold value to obtain visible defect targets in each inner wall panoramic image and each outer wall panoramic image.
5. A method for detecting a defect in a cylinder wall of a high-pressure gas cylinder according to claim 3, wherein the extracting of the invisible defect target in each panoramic image by the second image processing algorithm comprises:
According to Determining a strain standard deviation C between a pixel point in each panoramic image and a pixel point in a pre-stored initial panoramic image; wherein n is the number of pixel points,/>Is the strain value of the ith pixel point,/>The strain distribution average value of each pixel point is obtained;
clustering the strain standard deviation of each pixel point to obtain a plurality of strain value abnormal areas;
and calculating the strain value average value of the pixel points in each strain value abnormal region, and determining the strain value abnormal region with the strain value average value larger than a third preset threshold value as the region where the invisible defect target is located.
6. The method for detecting the defects of the cylinder wall of the high-pressure gas cylinder according to claim 1, wherein the defect development stage analysis is carried out on the defect targets to obtain the development stage of each defect target, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
drawing a region area change curve of each defect target according to a time sequence in a first preset time period;
Calculating the area increasing speed of each defect target in the first preset time period;
Determining the development stage of each defect target according to the development stage interval of the area growth speed of the region; wherein the development stage comprises an elastic deformation stage, a plastic deformation stage and a crack propagation stage.
7. A cylinder wall defect detection system for a high pressure gas cylinder, the system comprising:
The first data acquisition module is used for acquiring panoramic images of the inner wall and the outer wall of the high-pressure gas cylinder to be detected through the panoramic scanning imaging system in a first preset time period;
the defect target extraction module is used for extracting a defect target in each panoramic image through an image processing algorithm; wherein the defect targets include visible defect targets and invisible defect targets; analyzing the defect development stage of the defect targets to obtain the development stage of each defect target;
the second data acquisition module is used for acquiring acoustic emission signals of each defect target position in the high-pressure working process of the high-pressure gas cylinder to be detected in a second preset time period;
The defect target evaluation module is used for carrying out noise reduction processing on the acoustic emission signals and analyzing the acoustic emission signals to obtain an intensity change curve and a ringing count change curve of each defect target, and specifically comprises the following steps: performing wavelet transformation on the acoustic emission signal to remove noise in the acoustic emission signal; after denoising, acquiring signal amplitude of the acoustic emission signal in a second preset time period according to the time sequence; drawing the intensity change curve according to the signal amplitude; counting ringing count accumulated values in the acoustic emission signals within the second preset time period; drawing a ringing count change curve according to the ringing count accumulated value; according to the development stage, the intensity change curve and the ringing count change curve of the defect targets, determining defect evaluation information of each defect target on the wall of the high-pressure gas cylinder to be detected specifically comprises the following steps: removing abnormal values which do not accord with the development stage of the defect target from the intensity change curve and the ringing count change curve, and smoothing the intensity change curve and the ringing count change curve after removing the abnormal values; determining the duty ratio of a high-amplitude signal in the intensity change curve of each defect target after the smoothing treatment; determining the expansion characteristic of the defect target according to the comparison result of the duty ratio of the high-amplitude signal and a fourth preset threshold value; wherein the extension characteristics include: the expansion characteristics are obvious and the expansion characteristics are not obvious; determining a ringing count increment value in the second preset time period in the ringing count change curve after the defect target is subjected to smoothing treatment; determining the expansion speed of the defect target according to the ringing count increment value; determining the expansion characteristic and the expansion speed of the defect target as defect evaluation information of the defect target;
The method comprises the steps of determining the duty ratio of a high-amplitude signal in an intensity change curve of each defect target after smoothing treatment; according to the comparison result of the duty ratio of the high-amplitude signal and a fourth preset threshold, determining the expansion characteristic of the defect target specifically comprises:
acquiring the duration of the amplitude value in a preset high-amplitude value interval in the intensity change curve; calculating the duty ratio of the duration to the total duration of the intensity change curve to obtain the duty ratio of the high-amplitude signal; if the duty ratio of the high-amplitude signal is larger than the fourth preset threshold, determining that the expansion characteristic of the defect target is obvious; otherwise, determining that the expansion characteristic of the defect target is not obvious.
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