CN118028696A - Heat-resistant steel for automobile turbine shell and exhaust pipe and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Heat-resistant steel for automobile turbine shell and exhaust pipe and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN118028696A CN118028696A CN202410083830.9A CN202410083830A CN118028696A CN 118028696 A CN118028696 A CN 118028696A CN 202410083830 A CN202410083830 A CN 202410083830A CN 118028696 A CN118028696 A CN 118028696A
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 479
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 479
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 175
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910000604 Ferrochrome Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- KAEAMHPPLLJBKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+) sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[S-2].[S-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] KAEAMHPPLLJBKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- SJKRCWUQJZIWQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;chromium Chemical compound N.[Cr] SJKRCWUQJZIWQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 229910000592 Ferroniobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- OSMSIOKMMFKNIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;silicon Chemical compound [Ca]=[Si] OSMSIOKMMFKNIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910000882 Ca alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- CXOWYMLTGOFURZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanylidynechromium Chemical compound [Cr]#N CXOWYMLTGOFURZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ferrous sulfide Chemical compound [Fe]=S MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 23
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 11
- 229910000617 Mangalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 5
- ZFGFKQDDQUAJQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron niobium Chemical compound [Fe].[Fe].[Nb] ZFGFKQDDQUAJQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JMAHHHVEVBOCPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Fe].[Nb] Chemical compound [Fe].[Nb] JMAHHHVEVBOCPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- CADICXFYUNYKGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenemanganese Chemical compound [Mn]=S CADICXFYUNYKGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GJPVPJBNBCITNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[Mn].[Cr] Chemical compound [N].[Mn].[Cr] GJPVPJBNBCITNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N 0.000 description 1
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni] VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing lead, selenium, tellurium, or antimony, or more than 0.04% by weight of sulfur
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0006—Adding metallic additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/006—Making ferrous alloys compositions used for making ferrous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/34—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a heat-resistant steel for a turbine shell and an exhaust pipe of an automobile and a preparation method thereof, wherein the heat-resistant steel comprises the following components: steel material accounting for a set proportion of raw materials of the heat-resistant steel, furnace return material, micro-carbon ferrochrome, chromium nitride, nickel plate, ferric sulfide, electrolytic manganese and ferrosilicon; the raw materials are put into an induction furnace to be smelted, the raw materials are gradually melted into molten steel, the molten steel is kept stand to carry out slag forming operation, and then slag removing operation and tapping operation are carried out; the heat-resistant steel comprises the following components in percentage by mass: carbon: 0.2-0.5; silicon: 1.0-2.5; manganese: 3.0 to 8.0; phosphorus: less than or equal to 0.040; sulfur: 0.02-0.15; chromium: 22.0-27.0; nickel: 6.0-10.0; nitrogen: 0.20-0.50; niobium: 0.10-0.50; molybdenum: less than or equal to 0.50; vanadium: less than or equal to 0.50; aluminum: 0.005-0.050, improving the processing performance of heat-resistant steel, reducing the defective rate of slag holes of products and processing cost.
Description
The application relates to a heat-resistant steel for an automobile turbine shell and an exhaust pipe and a preparation method thereof, which are divisional applications of the application patent application, wherein the application date is 2019, 11, 05, 201911068195.2 and the application name is 'heat-resistant steel for an automobile turbine shell and an exhaust pipe'.
Technical Field
The invention relates to automobile parts, in particular to heat-resistant steel for an automobile turbine shell and an exhaust pipe and a preparation method thereof. Belongs to the field of mechanical casting.
Background
At present, a turbine shell and an exhaust pipe for an automobile generally adopt chromium-nickel austenitic heat-resistant steel, wherein an austenitic metallographic structure is obtained at room temperature mainly by utilizing the effect of nickel element for stabilizing austenite; and the chromium element is utilized to obtain good high-temperature mechanical property and oxidation resistance. Since raw nickel is expensive, the production cost of the turbine housing and exhaust pipe for automobiles is also high, and therefore, it is considered to use inexpensive elements instead of nickel. Because the manganese element and the nitrogen element are elements for promoting the formation of austenite and have low price, the manganese element and the nitrogen element are considered to replace the nickel element to obtain an austenite metallographic structure, and the manganese element and the nitrogen element are utilized for promoting and stabilizing the austenite.
Chinese patent (CN 108118243 a) discloses a "high manganese austenitic heat-resistant steel alloy material and a method for preparing the same", and discloses a high manganese austenitic heat-resistant steel alloy material, whose elemental composition of the alloy material, in weight percent, includes: c (carbon): 0.12% -0.15%, cr (chromium): 20.00% -22.00%, si (silicon): 1.20% -1.50%, mn (manganese): 13.5% -16.5%, ni (nickel): 2.00% -5.00%, N (nitrogen): 0.16% -0.20%, and the balance of Fe (iron) and unavoidable impurities. The preparation method comprises the following steps: the required elements are put into a non-vacuum induction furnace for smelting, after being smelted into molten steel, the molten steel is transferred into an LF (external refining) furnace for refining, and then the refined molten steel is transferred into a VD (vacuum refining furnace) for vacuum refining, and after two times of refining, steel ingots are cast. Heating the cast steel ingot to 1050-1060 ℃, preserving heat for 1-2 hours, then heating to 1175-1185 ℃ and preserving heat for 3-4 hours, discharging from the furnace, forging, and carrying out surface processing treatment after forging to finally obtain the high-manganese austenitic heat-resistant steel. Manganese is utilized to promote and stabilize austenite, although the production cost of heat-resistant steel in a turbine shell and an exhaust pipe for an automobile is reduced, the turbine shell and the exhaust pipe are extremely easy to generate a work hardening phenomenon in the processing process due to the high manganese content in the heat-resistant steel, so that the difficulty of the turbine shell and the exhaust pipe in the processing process is increased, and the cost of a processing cutter is obviously increased. In addition, along with the increase of manganese, the manganese in molten steel is easy to oxidize in the smelting and pouring processes to form manganese oxide, and casting defects such as slag holes and the like are extremely easy to form after casting the casting mold of the molten steel; and because manganese oxide presents alkalinity, the casting materials are generally acidic materials, so that manganese oxide reacts with the casting materials to form casting defects, the yield is reduced, and the manufacturing cost is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide heat-resistant steel for automobile turbine shells and exhaust pipes and a preparation method thereof, wherein a proper amount of sulfur element is added into a heat-resistant steel material, and the sulfur element and manganese element are combined to form manganese sulfide, so that the manganese sulfide can play a role of a solid lubricant in the processing process, the problem of poor processing performance caused by processing hardening due to rising of the manganese element is solved, and the processing performance of low-nickel sulfur-containing cast chromium-manganese-nitrogen austenitic heat-resistant steel is improved; in addition, the problem of deoxidation operation in the molten steel discharging process is solved, and the oxidation tendency of manganese element in the molten steel is greatly reduced, so that the oxidizing slag in the molten steel is reduced, and the slag hole reject ratio of the product is reduced; the service life of the cutter is further prolonged, and the processing cost is reduced; meanwhile, in the tapping process, as the grain refinement treatment is carried out in the molten steel ladle, grains in a metallographic structure of the casting are refined, so that the thermal fatigue performance of the material is improved; furthermore, the manganese element and the nitrogen element are used for replacing the expensive nickel element to promote and stabilize the austenitic matrix, so that the complete austenitic matrix is obtained at room temperature, and the cost of raw materials is greatly reduced.
The invention aims at realizing the following technical scheme:
A heat-resistant steel for a turbine shell and an exhaust pipe of an automobile is mainly characterized in that: the raw material composition of the heat-resistant steel comprises: steel material accounting for a set proportion of raw materials of the heat-resistant steel, furnace return material, micro-carbon ferrochrome, chromium nitride, nickel plate, ferric sulfide, electrolytic manganese and ferrosilicon; wherein, the heat-resistant steel also contains sulfur and niobium in a set proportion; the raw material of the heat-resistant steel is put into an induction furnace to be smelted, the raw material of the heat-resistant steel is gradually melted into molten steel, then the molten steel is kept stand to carry out slag forming operation, slag removing operation and tapping operation are carried out, and then the heat-resistant steel which is free-cutting and can be used for an automobile turbine shell and an exhaust pipe is obtained.
The heat-resistant steel comprises the following raw materials in specific proportion: the steel material accounts for 3.0% -12.0% of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel; the furnace return material accounts for 65% -80% of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel; the micro-carbon ferrochrome accounts for 8.0% -16.0% of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel; the chromium nitride accounts for 0.2 to 4.0 percent of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel; the nickel plate accounts for 1.0% -5.0% of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel; iron sulfide accounts for 0.05 to 0.35 percent of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel; the ferrocolumbium accounts for 0.10 percent to 0.50 percent of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel; the electrolytic manganese accounts for 0.30% -5.0% of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel; the ferrosilicon accounts for 0.10-2.50% of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel.
The steel is carbon steel; the furnace return material is a waste casting and a pouring system.
The heat-resistant steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: carbon: 0.2-0.5; silicon: 1.0-2.5; manganese: 3.0 to 8.0; phosphorus: less than or equal to 0.040; sulfur: 0.02-0.15; chromium: 22.0-27.0; nickel: 6.0-10.0; nitrogen: 0.20-0.50; niobium: 0.10-0.50; molybdenum: less than or equal to 0.50; vanadium: less than or equal to 0.50; aluminum: 0.005-0.050% and balance of iron and unavoidable trace elements.
A preparation method of heat-resistant steel for a turbine shell and an exhaust pipe of an automobile is mainly characterized by comprising the following steps: the heat-resistant steel is provided with the following preparation steps:
The first step: heating up raw materials in an induction furnace and gradually melting the raw materials into molten steel, continuously heating up the raw materials of the heat-resistant steel, standing the raw materials of the heat-resistant steel to perform slag forming operation when the temperature is raised to 1500-1530 ℃, standing the molten steel of the melted raw materials of the heat-resistant steel in the induction furnace for 3-5 minutes, and then performing slag removing operation to ensure purity of the molten steel of the melted heat-resistant steel in the furnace;
And a second step of: controlling molten steel to carry out tapping operation at a set temperature, wherein molten steel is tapped from the induction furnace to the pouring ladle;
And a third step of: in the tapping process, adding 0.15-0.30% of calcium-silicon alloy and 0.02-0.05% of pure aluminum particles into the pouring ladle along with molten steel to perform deoxidization operation so as to reduce the oxygen content in the molten steel and further reduce the oxidation degree of the molten steel;
Fourth step: during tapping, ferrocolumbium accounting for 0.2% -0.5% of the weight of the molten steel is added into the pouring ladle along with the molten steel to carry out grain refinement treatment, so that the high-temperature mechanical property of the heat-resistant steel is improved;
Fifth step: carrying out pouring operation after deoxidizing operation and grain refining operation on molten steel; the casting temperature of the molten steel is controlled within the range of 1450-1580 ℃; the weight of the discharged molten steel is controlled within the range of 450Kg-600 Kg; and in the later casting stage, taking a spectroscopic analysis test piece to perform component inspection and confirmation, and confirming the chemical component;
sixth step: and (5) carrying out material inspection after the casting is unpacked, and checking metallographic structure and mechanical properties.
In the first step: and (3) standing the raw materials for 3-4.5 minutes for optimal time after the slag forming operation, and then carrying out slag removing operation.
In the second step: the temperature of the molten steel is controlled within the range of 1540-1580, and tapping operation is carried out at the optimal temperature of 1540-1550 ℃; the weight of the molten steel is controlled within the range of 450Kg-600 Kg.
The optimal weight of the tapping liquid is 490Kg-500Kg.
In the third step, in the tapping process, adding 0.25% of the optimal weight of the calcium-silicon alloy by the weight of molten steel into a pouring ladle along with the molten steel; the weight percentage of each component of the silicon-calcium alloy is 50% -65% of silicon; calcium: 28% -32%; aluminum: 1.0% -2.5%; carbon: less than or equal to 1.2 percent; the balance of iron and unavoidable trace elements; the granularity of the silicon-calcium alloy is as follows: deoxidizing with pure aluminum grains in the range of 3mm-15mm and in the weight of 0.025-0.03 wt% of molten steel; the pure aluminum comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 99% or more; the balance of unavoidable trace elements; particle size: 3mm-15mm to reduce the oxygen content in the molten steel and thus reduce the oxidation of the molten steel.
In the fourth step, ferrocolumbium with the optimal weight of 0.20-0.30% of molten steel is added into the pouring ladle along with the molten steel in the process of tapping the molten steel to carry out grain refinement operation.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: due to the adoption of the technical proposal, in the heat-resistant steel material,
The proper amount of sulfur element is added, and the sulfur element and the manganese element are combined to form manganese sulfide, so that the manganese sulfide can play a role of a solid lubricant in the processing process, thereby improving the processing performance of the low-nickel sulfur-containing cast chromium-manganese-nitrogen austenitic heat-resistant steel; in addition, deoxidation operation is performed in the molten steel discharging process, so that the oxidation tendency of manganese element in the molten steel is greatly reduced, the oxidizing slag in the molten steel is reduced, and the defective rate of slag holes of products is reduced; the service life of the cutter is further prolonged, and the processing cost is reduced; meanwhile, in the tapping process, as the grain refinement treatment is carried out in the molten steel ladle, grains in a metallographic structure of the casting are refined, so that the thermal fatigue performance of the material is improved; furthermore, the manganese element and the nitrogen element are used for replacing the expensive nickel element to promote and stabilize the austenitic matrix, so that the complete austenitic matrix is obtained at room temperature, and the cost of raw materials is greatly reduced. And the optimal proportion of the alloy elements is adjusted and optimized, so that the fluidity of molten steel is increased, and the turbine shell and the exhaust pipe for the automobile can be manufactured by adopting a casting method.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the heat resistant steel of the present invention as molten steel.
FIG. 2 is a schematic drawing of the production flow of the heat-resistant steel of the present invention.
The main reference numerals in the drawings illustrate:
1. Heat-resistant steel, an induction furnace, a pouring ladle, an automatic pouring machine, a silicon-calcium alloy, pure aluminum particles and 7-ferrocolumbium.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 2, the present invention is provided with a free-cutting heat-resistant steel 1, and the raw material composition of the free-cutting heat-resistant steel 1 includes: a steel material accounting for a set proportion of raw materials of the heat-resistant steel, (carbon steel is adopted in the embodiment), a furnace return material (waste castings and a pouring system are adopted in the embodiment), micro-carbon ferrochrome, chromium nitride, nickel plates, ferric sulfide, ferroniobium, electrolytic manganese and ferrosilicon; wherein, the free cutting heat resistant steel 1 also contains 0.02 to 0.15 percent of sulfur (S) and 0.1 to 0.5 percent of niobium (Nb); the raw material of the heat-resistant steel 1 is put into an induction furnace 2 (in this embodiment, an intermediate frequency induction furnace) for smelting, the raw material of the heat-resistant steel 1 is gradually melted into molten steel, then the molten steel is kept still for slag forming operation, slag removing operation and tapping operation are carried out, and then the free-cutting heat-resistant steel which can be used for an automobile turbine shell and an exhaust pipe is obtained. The raw materials of the heat-resistant steel 1 are gradually melted into molten steel, and the specific steps are as follows:
The first step: heating up raw materials in an induction furnace 2 and gradually melting the raw materials into molten steel, then continuously heating up the molten steel, when the temperature is raised to be within the range of 1500-1530 ℃, selecting an optimal temperature of 1515 ℃, standing the molten steel for slag forming operation, standing the molten steel of the raw materials of the melted heat-resistant steel 1 in the induction furnace for 3-5 minutes after slag forming, selecting an optimal time of 3 minutes, and then carrying out slag removing operation to ensure the purity of the molten steel of the melted heat-resistant steel 1 in the furnace;
The heat-resistant steel 1 comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: carbon C:0.2-0.5; silicon Si:1.0-2.5; manganese Mn:3.0 to 8.0; phosphorus P: less than or equal to 0.040; sulfur: 0.02-0.15; chromium Cr:22.0-27.0; nickel Ni:6.0-10.0; nitrogen N:0.20-0.50; niobium: 0.10-0.50; molybdenum Mo: less than or equal to 0.50; vanadium V: less than or equal to 0.50; aluminum Al: 0.005-0.050% and balance of iron and unavoidable trace elements.
And a second step of: controlling molten steel to carry out tapping operation at a set temperature, wherein molten steel is tapped from the induction furnace 2 into a pouring ladle 3, and the pouring ladle 3 is placed on an automatic pouring machine 4 with a weighing function;
And a third step of: in the tapping process, adding 0.15% -0.30% of calcium-silicon alloy 5 by weight of molten steel into a pouring ladle 3 along with the molten steel, and selecting 0.25% of calcium-silicon alloy 5 by weight optimally and 0.02% -0.05% of pure aluminum particles 6 by weight of molten steel for deoxidizing so as to reduce the oxygen content in the molten steel, thereby reducing the oxidation degree of the molten steel;
The silicon-calcium alloy 5 comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 50% -65%; calcium (Ca): 28% -32%; aluminum (Al): 1.0% -2.5%; carbon (C): less than or equal to 1.2 percent; the balance of iron (Fe) and unavoidable trace elements; the granularity is as follows: deoxidizing with pure aluminum particles 6 in the range of 3mm-15mm and 0.03 wt% of molten steel;
The pure aluminum comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 99% or more; the balance of unavoidable trace elements; particle size: 3mm-15mm to reduce the oxygen content in the molten steel, thereby reducing the oxidation of the molten steel;
fourth step: in the tapping process, adding 0.2% -0.5% of ferrocolumbium 7 by weight of molten steel into a pouring ladle 3 along with the molten steel to carry out grain refinement treatment, and selecting ferrocolumbium with the optimal weight of 0.20% to carry out grain refinement operation so as to prevent coarsening of cast structures, thereby improving the high-temperature mechanical property of the material;
fifth step: carrying out pouring operation after deoxidizing operation and grain refining operation on molten steel;
The temperature of the molten steel casting is controlled within the range of 1450-1550 ℃, the optimal temperature is selected to be 1540 ℃, and in the later casting period, a spectroscopic analysis test piece is taken for component inspection and confirmation; the chemical composition confirmation results are shown in the following table:
sixth step: checking the materials of the casting after unpacking; the results of the examination are shown in the following table:
The inspection result shows that: compared with the traditional high manganese steel, the workability of the material can improve the service life of the processing tool by 15 percent.
The raw materials of the heat-resistant steel 1 are set in the following proportions: the steel material accounts for 7.2 percent of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel; the furnace return material accounts for 80% of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel; the micro-carbon ferrochrome accounts for 11.0% of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel; the chromium nitride accounts for 0.25 percent of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel; the nickel plate accounts for 1.0% of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel; iron sulfide accounts for 0.05% of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel; the ferrocolumbium accounts for 0.15 percent of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel; the electrolytic manganese accounts for 0.30 percent of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel; the ferrosilicon accounts for 0.10 percent of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel.
Controlling the temperature of the molten steel to be in the range of 1540-1580, and selecting the optimal temperature to be 1580 ℃ for tapping operation; the weight of the molten steel is controlled within the range of 450Kg-600Kg, and the optimal weight is 489Kg.
Example 2:
raw materials of heat-resistant steel 1 are put into an induction furnace 2 (an intermediate frequency induction furnace in the embodiment) for smelting;
The set proportion of the raw materials of the heat-resistant steel 1 is 7.77% of the steel material accounting for the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel 1, 75% of the return furnace material accounting for the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel 1, 11.05% of the micro-carbon ferrochrome accounting for the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel 1, 2.4% of the chromium nitride accounting for the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel 1, 1.9% of the nickel plate accounting for the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel 1, 0.06% of the iron sulfide accounting for the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel 1, 0.2% of the ferroniobium accounting for the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel 1, 1.5% of the electrolytic manganese accounting for the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel 1 and 0.12% of the ferrosilicon accounting for the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel 1.
The specific steps of gradually melting raw materials into molten steel are as follows:
Step 1: heating up raw materials in an induction furnace 2 and gradually melting the raw materials into molten steel, then continuously heating up the molten steel, when the temperature is raised to be within the range of 1500-1530 ℃, selecting an optimal temperature of 1515 ℃, standing the molten steel for slag forming operation, standing the molten steel of the raw materials of the melted heat-resistant steel 1 in the induction furnace for 3-5 minutes after slag forming, selecting an optimal time of 3 minutes, and then carrying out slag removing operation to ensure the purity of the molten steel of the melted heat-resistant steel 1 in the furnace;
step 2: controlling molten steel to carry out tapping operation at a set temperature, wherein molten steel is tapped from the induction furnace 2 into a pouring ladle 3, and the pouring ladle 3 is placed on an automatic pouring machine 4 with a weighing function;
the temperature of the molten steel is controlled within the range of 1540 ℃ to 1580 ℃, and the optimal temperature is selected to be 1550 ℃ for tapping operation; the weight of the discharged molten steel is controlled within the range of 450Kg-600Kg, and the optimal weight is selected to be 500Kg;
Step 3: in the tapping process, adding 0.15-0.30% of the weight of molten steel into a pouring ladle 3 along with the molten steel, and selecting 0.25% of the weight of the best calcium-silicon alloy 5 and 0.02-0.05% of the weight of the molten steel to perform deoxidization operation so as to reduce the oxygen content in the molten steel, thereby reducing the oxidation degree of the molten steel;
The silicon-calcium alloy 5 comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 50% -65%; calcium (Ca): 28% -32%; aluminum (Al): 1.0% -2.5%; carbon (C): less than or equal to 1.2 percent; the balance of iron (Fe) and unavoidable trace elements; the granularity is as follows: deoxidizing with pure aluminum particles in the range of 3mm-15mm and in the weight of 0.025% of molten steel;
the pure aluminum comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 99% or more; the balance of unavoidable trace elements; particle size: 3-15mm to reduce the oxygen content in the molten steel, thereby reducing the oxidation of the molten steel;
Step 4: in the tapping process, adding 0.2% -0.5% of ferrocolumbium by weight of molten steel into the pouring ladle 3 along with the molten steel for grain refinement treatment, and selecting 0.25% of ferrocolumbium by weight optimally for grain refinement operation so as to prevent coarsening of cast tissues, thereby improving high-temperature mechanical properties of the material;
Step 5: carrying out pouring operation after deoxidizing operation and grain refining operation on molten steel;
controlling the temperature of the molten steel pouring within the range of 1450-1550 ℃, selecting the optimal temperature of 1500 ℃ at the later stage of pouring, and taking a spectroscopic analysis test piece for component inspection and confirmation; the chemical composition confirmation results are shown in the following table:
step 6: checking the materials of the casting after unpacking; the results of the examination are shown in the following table:
the inspection result shows that: compared with the traditional high manganese steel, the workability of the material can improve the service life of the processing tool by 8 percent.
Example 3:
raw materials of heat-resistant steel 1 are put into an induction furnace 2 (an intermediate frequency induction furnace in the embodiment) for smelting;
the set proportion of the raw materials of the heat-resistant steel 1 is 11.42% of the raw materials of the heat-resistant steel 1, the return furnace material is 70% of the raw materials of the heat-resistant steel 1, the micro-carbon ferrochrome is 8.54% of the raw materials of the heat-resistant steel 1, the chromium nitride is 1.8% of the raw materials of the heat-resistant steel 1, the nickel plate is 3.15% of the raw materials of the heat-resistant steel 1, the ferric sulfide is 0.22% of the raw materials of the heat-resistant steel 1, the ferroniobium is 0.35% of the raw materials of the heat-resistant steel 1, the electrolytic manganese is 3.1% of the raw materials of the heat-resistant steel 1, and the ferrosilicon is 1.42% of the raw materials of the heat-resistant steel 1.
The specific steps of gradually melting raw materials into molten steel are as follows:
Step A: heating up raw materials in an induction furnace 2 and gradually melting the raw materials into molten steel, then continuously heating up the molten steel, standing the molten steel to perform slag forming operation when the temperature is increased to be within the range of 1500-1530 ℃, selecting the optimal temperature to be 1525 ℃, standing the molten steel for 3-5 minutes after slag forming, selecting the optimal time to be 4 minutes, and then performing slag removing operation to ensure the purity of the molten steel of the melted heat-resistant steel 1 in the furnace;
Step B: controlling molten steel to carry out tapping operation at a set temperature, wherein molten steel is tapped from the induction furnace 2 into a pouring ladle 3, and the pouring ladle 3 is placed on an automatic pouring machine 4 with a weighing function;
The temperature of the molten steel is controlled within the range of 1540 ℃ to 1580 ℃, and the optimal temperature is selected to be 1560 ℃ for tapping operation; the weight of the discharged molten steel is controlled within the range of 450Kg-600Kg, and the optimal weight is selected to be 495Kg;
step C: in the tapping process, adding 0.15-0.30% of the weight of molten steel of a silicon-calcium alloy 5 into a pouring ladle 3 along with the molten steel, and selecting the optimal weight of the silicon-calcium alloy 5 accounting for 0.30% and pure aluminum particles accounting for 0.02-0.05% of the weight of the molten steel for deoxidizing so as to reduce the oxygen content in the molten steel, thereby reducing the oxidation degree of the molten steel;
The silicon-calcium alloy 5 comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 50% -65%; calcium (Ca): 28% -32%; aluminum (Al): 1.0% -2.5%; carbon (C): less than or equal to 1.2 percent; the balance of iron (Fe) and unavoidable trace elements; the granularity is as follows: deoxidizing with pure aluminum particles in the range of 3mm-15mm and 0.035% of the weight of molten steel;
the pure aluminum comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 99% or more; the balance of unavoidable trace elements; particle size: 3-15mm to reduce the oxygen content in the molten steel, thereby reducing the oxidation of the molten steel;
step D: in the tapping process, adding 0.2% -0.5% of ferrocolumbium by weight of molten steel into the pouring ladle 3 along with the molten steel for grain refinement treatment, and selecting ferrocolumbium with optimal weight of 0.40% for grain refinement operation so as to prevent coarsening of cast structures, thereby improving high-temperature mechanical properties of the material;
step E: carrying out pouring operation after deoxidizing operation and grain refining operation on molten steel;
Controlling the temperature of the molten steel pouring within the range of 1450-1550 ℃, selecting the optimal temperature to be 1520 ℃ at the later stage of pouring, and taking a spectroscopic analysis test piece for component inspection and confirmation; the chemical composition confirmation results are shown in the following table:
step F: checking the materials of the casting after unpacking; the results of the examination are shown in the following table:
The inspection result shows that: compared with the traditional high manganese steel, the workability of the material can improve the service life of the processing tool by 18 percent.
Example 4:
raw materials of heat-resistant steel 1 are put into an induction furnace 2 (an intermediate frequency induction furnace in the embodiment) for smelting;
The set proportion of the raw materials of the heat-resistant steel 1 is 3.2% of the steel material accounting for the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel 1, the return furnace material accounting for 65% of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel 1, the micro-carbon ferrochrome accounting for 15.71% of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel 1, the chromium nitride accounting for 3.6% of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel 1, the nickel plate accounting for 4.63% of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel 1, the ferric sulfide accounting for 0.30% of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel 1, the niobium-iron accounting for 0.45% of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel 1, the electrolytic manganese accounting for 5.0% of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel 1 and the ferrosilicon accounting for 2.11% of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel 1.
The specific steps of gradually melting raw materials into molten steel are as follows:
Step a: heating up raw materials in an induction furnace 2, gradually melting the raw materials into molten steel, then continuously heating up the molten steel, standing the molten steel to perform slag forming operation when the optimal temperature is 1505 ℃ when the temperature is increased to 1500-1530 ℃, standing the molten steel for 3-5 minutes, selecting the optimal time for 4.5 minutes, and then performing slag removing operation to ensure the purity of the molten steel of the melted heat-resistant steel 1 in the furnace;
Step b: controlling molten steel to carry out tapping operation at a set temperature, wherein molten steel is tapped from the induction furnace 2 into a pouring ladle 3, and the pouring ladle 3 is placed on an automatic pouring machine 4 with a weighing function;
The temperature of the molten steel is controlled within the range of 1540 ℃ to 1580 ℃, and tapping operation is carried out by selecting the optimal temperature to be 1540 ℃; the weight of the discharged molten steel is controlled within the range of 450Kg-600Kg, and the optimal weight is selected to be 490Kg;
Step c: in the tapping process, adding 0.15-0.30% of the weight of molten steel into a pouring ladle 3 along with the molten steel, and selecting 0.15% of the weight of the best 0.15% of the weight of the silicon-calcium alloy 5 and 0.02-0.05% of the weight of the molten steel to perform deoxidization operation so as to reduce the oxygen content in the molten steel, thereby reducing the oxidation degree of the molten steel;
the silicon-calcium alloy 5 comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 50% -65%; calcium (Ca): 28% -32%; aluminum (Al): 1.0% -2.5%; carbon (C): less than or equal to 1.2 percent; the balance of iron (Fe) and unavoidable trace elements; the granularity is as follows: deoxidizing with pure aluminum grains in the range of 3mm-15mm and 0.020% of the weight of molten steel;
the pure aluminum comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 99% or more; the balance of unavoidable trace elements; particle size: 3-15mm to reduce the oxygen content in the molten steel, thereby reducing the oxidation of the molten steel;
step d: in the tapping process, adding 0.2% -0.5% of ferrocolumbium by weight of molten steel into the pouring ladle 3 along with the molten steel for grain refinement treatment, and selecting ferrocolumbium with optimal weight of 0.20% for grain refinement operation so as to prevent coarsening of cast structures, thereby improving high-temperature mechanical properties of the material;
step e: carrying out pouring operation after deoxidizing operation and grain refining operation on molten steel;
Controlling the temperature of the molten steel pouring within the range of 1450-1550 ℃, selecting the optimal temperature of 1510 ℃ at the later stage of pouring, and taking a spectroscopic analysis test piece for component inspection and confirmation; the chemical composition confirmation results are shown in the following table:
step f: checking the materials of the casting after unpacking; the results of the examination are shown in the following table:
the inspection result shows that: compared with the traditional high manganese steel, the workability of the material can improve the service life of the processing tool by 8 percent.
Example 5:
raw materials of heat-resistant steel 1 are put into an induction furnace 2 (an intermediate frequency induction furnace in the embodiment) for smelting;
The set proportion of the raw materials of the heat-resistant steel 1 is 11.97% of the steel material accounting for the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel 1, the return furnace material accounts for 75% of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel 1, the micro-carbon ferrochrome accounts for 9.33% of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel 1, the chromium nitride accounts for 0.72% of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel 1, the nickel plate accounts for 1.61% of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel 1, the ferric sulfide accounts for 0.05% of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel 1, the niobium iron accounts for 0.11% of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel 1, the electrolytic manganese accounts for 0.8% of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel 1, and the ferrosilicon accounts for 0.41% of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel 1.
The specific steps of gradually melting raw materials into molten steel are as follows:
⑴ : heating up raw materials in an induction furnace 2, gradually melting the raw materials into molten steel, then continuously heating up the molten steel, standing the molten steel to perform slag forming operation when the optimal temperature is 1520 ℃ when the temperature is raised to 1500-1530 ℃, standing the molten steel for 3-5 minutes, selecting the optimal time for 3.0 minutes, and then performing slag removing operation to ensure the purity of the molten steel of the melted heat-resistant steel 1 in the furnace;
⑵ : controlling molten steel to carry out tapping operation at a set temperature, wherein molten steel is tapped from the induction furnace 2 into a pouring ladle 3, and the pouring ladle 3 is placed on an automatic pouring machine 4 with a weighing function;
the temperature of the molten steel is controlled within the range of 1540 ℃ to 1580 ℃, and the optimal temperature is selected to be 1550 ℃ for tapping operation; the weight of the discharged molten steel is controlled within the range of 450Kg-600Kg, and the optimal weight is selected to be 450Kg;
⑶ : in the tapping process, adding 0.15-0.30% of the weight of molten steel into a pouring ladle 3 along with the molten steel, and selecting 0.20% of the weight of the best calcium-silicon alloy 5 and 0.02-0.05% of the weight of molten steel to perform deoxidization operation so as to reduce the oxygen content in the molten steel, thereby reducing the oxidation degree of the molten steel;
The silicon-calcium alloy 5 comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 50% -65%; calcium (Ca): 28% -32%; aluminum (Al): 1.0% -2.5%; carbon (C): less than or equal to 1.2 percent; the balance of iron (Fe) and unavoidable trace elements; the granularity is as follows: deoxidizing with pure aluminum particles in the range of 3mm-15mm and in the weight of 0.025% of molten steel;
the pure aluminum comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 99% or more; the balance of unavoidable trace elements; particle size: 3-15mm to reduce the oxygen content in the molten steel, thereby reducing the oxidation of the molten steel;
⑷ : in the tapping process, adding 0.2% -0.5% of ferrocolumbium by weight of molten steel into the pouring ladle 3 along with the molten steel for grain refinement treatment, and selecting 0.25% of ferrocolumbium by weight optimally for grain refinement operation so as to prevent coarsening of cast tissues, thereby improving high-temperature mechanical properties of the material;
⑸ : carrying out pouring operation after deoxidizing operation and grain refining operation on molten steel;
The temperature of the molten steel casting is controlled within the range of 1450-1550 ℃, the optimal temperature is selected to be 1505 ℃ at the later casting stage, and a spectroscopic analysis test piece is taken for component inspection and confirmation; the chemical composition confirmation results are shown in the following table:
⑹ : checking the materials of the casting after unpacking; the results of the examination are shown in the following table:
The inspection result shows that: compared with the traditional high manganese steel, the workability of the material can improve the service life of the processing tool by 8.4 percent.
Example 6:
raw materials of heat-resistant steel 1 are put into an induction furnace 2 (an intermediate frequency induction furnace in the embodiment) for smelting;
The set proportion of the raw materials of the heat-resistant steel 1 is 11.68% of the steel material accounting for the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel 1, 73% of the return furnace material accounting for the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel 1, 10.44% of the micro-carbon ferrochrome accounting for the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel 1, 1.05% of the chromium nitride accounting for the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel 1, 1.95% of the nickel plate accounting for the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel 1, 0.06% of the iron sulfide accounting for the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel 1, 0.13% of the ferroniobium accounting for the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel 1, 1.1% of the electrolytic manganese accounting for the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel 1 and 0.59% of the ferrosilicon accounting for the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel 1.
The specific steps of gradually melting raw materials into molten steel are as follows:
① : as the raw material is heated up in the induction furnace 2 and gradually melted into molten steel, then, it is melted,
Continuously heating, when the temperature is increased to 1500-1530 ℃, selecting an optimal temperature of 1516 ℃, standing for slag forming operation, standing for 3-5 minutes, selecting an optimal time of 3.5 minutes, and then carrying out slag removing operation to ensure purity of molten steel of the melted heat-resistant steel 1 in the furnace;
② : controlling molten steel to carry out tapping operation at a set temperature, wherein molten steel is tapped from the induction furnace 2 into a pouring ladle 3, and the pouring ladle 3 is placed on an automatic pouring machine 4 with a weighing function;
the temperature of the molten steel is controlled within the range of 1540 ℃ to 1580 ℃, and the optimal temperature is selected to be 1565 ℃ for tapping operation; the weight of the discharged molten steel is controlled within the range of 450Kg-600Kg, and the optimal weight is selected to be 460Kg;
③ : in the tapping process, adding 0.15-0.30% of the weight of molten steel into a pouring ladle 3 along with the molten steel, and selecting 0.25% of the weight of the best calcium-silicon alloy 5 and 0.02-0.05% of the weight of the molten steel to perform deoxidization operation so as to reduce the oxygen content in the molten steel, thereby reducing the oxidation degree of the molten steel;
The silicon-calcium alloy 5 comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 50% -65%; calcium (Ca): 28% -32%; aluminum (Al): 1.0% -2.5%; carbon (C): less than or equal to 1.2 percent; the balance of iron (Fe) and unavoidable trace elements; the granularity is as follows: deoxidizing with pure aluminum particles in the range of 3mm-15mm and 0.030% of the weight of molten steel;
the pure aluminum comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 99% or more; the balance of unavoidable trace elements; particle size: 3-15mm to reduce the oxygen content in the molten steel, thereby reducing the oxidation of the molten steel;
④ : in the tapping process, adding 0.2% -0.5% of ferrocolumbium by weight of molten steel into the pouring ladle 3 along with the molten steel for grain refinement treatment, and selecting ferrocolumbium with optimal weight of 0.30% for grain refinement operation so as to prevent coarsening of cast structures, thereby improving high-temperature mechanical properties of the material;
⑤ : carrying out pouring operation after deoxidizing operation and grain refining operation on molten steel;
the temperature of the molten steel casting is controlled within the range of 1450-1550 ℃, the optimal temperature is selected to be 1515 ℃ at the later stage of casting, and a spectroscopic analysis test piece is taken for component inspection and confirmation; the chemical composition confirmation results are shown in the following table:
⑥ : checking the materials of the casting after unpacking; the results of the examination are shown in the following table:
The inspection result shows that: compared with the traditional high manganese steel, the workability of the material can improve the service life of the processing tool by 9.5 percent.
Example 7:
raw materials of heat-resistant steel 1 are put into an induction furnace 2 (an intermediate frequency induction furnace in the embodiment) for smelting;
The set proportion of the raw materials of the heat-resistant steel 1 is 11.48 percent of the steel material accounting for the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel 1, the return furnace material accounting for 70 percent of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel 1, the micro-carbon ferrochrome accounting for 12.15 percent of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel 1, the chromium nitride accounting for 1.46 percent of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel 1, the nickel plate accounting for 2.38 percent of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel 1, the ferric sulfide accounting for 0.10 percent of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel 1, the niobium-iron accounting for 0.16 percent of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel 1, the electrolytic manganese accounting for 1.45 percent of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel 1 and the ferrosilicon accounting for 0.82 percent of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel 1.
The specific steps of gradually melting raw materials into molten steel are as follows:
1): heating up raw materials in an induction furnace 2 and gradually melting the raw materials into molten steel, then continuously heating up the molten steel, standing the molten steel to perform slag forming operation when the temperature is increased to be within the range of 1500-1530 ℃, selecting the optimal temperature to be 1525 ℃, standing the molten steel for 3-5 minutes, selecting the optimal time to be 4.0 minutes after slag forming, and then performing slag removing operation to ensure the purity of the molten steel of the melted heat-resistant steel 1 in the furnace;
2): controlling molten steel to carry out tapping operation at a set temperature, wherein molten steel is tapped from the induction furnace 2 into a pouring ladle 3, and the pouring ladle 3 is placed on an automatic pouring machine 4 with a weighing function;
The temperature of the molten steel is controlled within the range of 1540 ℃ to 1580 ℃, and tapping operation is carried out by selecting the optimal temperature to 1572 ℃; the weight of the discharged molten steel is controlled within the range of 450Kg-600Kg, and the optimal weight is selected to be 470Kg;
3): in the tapping process, adding 0.15-0.30% of the weight of molten steel of a silicon-calcium alloy 5 into a pouring ladle 3 along with the molten steel, and selecting the optimal weight of the silicon-calcium alloy 5 accounting for 0.30% and pure aluminum particles accounting for 0.02-0.05% of the weight of the molten steel for deoxidizing so as to reduce the oxygen content in the molten steel, thereby reducing the oxidation degree of the molten steel;
The silicon-calcium alloy 5 comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 50% -65%; calcium (Ca): 28% -32%; aluminum (Al): 1.0% -2.5%; carbon (C): less than or equal to 1.2 percent; the balance of iron (Fe) and unavoidable trace elements; the granularity is as follows: deoxidizing with pure aluminum particles in the range of 3mm-15mm and 0.035% of the weight of molten steel;
the pure aluminum comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 99% or more; the balance of unavoidable trace elements; particle size: 3-15mm to reduce the oxygen content in the molten steel, thereby reducing the oxidation of the molten steel;
4): in the tapping process, adding 0.2% -0.5% of ferrocolumbium by weight of molten steel into the pouring ladle 3 along with the molten steel for grain refinement treatment, and selecting ferrocolumbium with optimal weight of 0.35% for grain refinement operation so as to prevent coarsening of cast structures, thereby improving high-temperature mechanical properties of the material;
5): carrying out pouring operation after deoxidizing operation and grain refining operation on molten steel;
The temperature of the molten steel casting is controlled within the range of 1450-1550 ℃, the optimal temperature is selected to be 1522 ℃ at the later casting stage, and a spectroscopic analysis test piece is taken for component inspection and confirmation; the chemical composition confirmation results are shown in the following table:
6): checking the materials of the casting after unpacking; the results of the examination are shown in the following table:
The inspection result shows that: compared with the traditional high manganese steel, the workability of the material can improve the service life of the processing tool by 8.3 percent.
Example 8:
raw materials of heat-resistant steel 1 are put into an induction furnace 2 (an intermediate frequency induction furnace in the embodiment) for smelting;
The set proportion of the raw materials of the heat-resistant steel 1 is 8.67% of the raw materials of the heat-resistant steel 1, the return furnace material is 75% of the raw materials of the heat-resistant steel 1, the micro-carbon ferrochrome is 10.46% of the raw materials of the heat-resistant steel 1, the chromium nitride is 1.31% of the raw materials of the heat-resistant steel 1, the nickel plate is 2.13% of the raw materials of the heat-resistant steel 1, the ferric sulfide is 0.11% of the raw materials of the heat-resistant steel 1, the ferroniobium is 0.17% of the raw materials of the heat-resistant steel 1, the electrolytic manganese is 1.36% of the raw materials of the heat-resistant steel 1, and the ferrosilicon is 0.79% of the raw materials of the heat-resistant steel 1.
The specific steps of gradually melting raw materials into molten steel are as follows:
a) : heating up raw materials in an induction furnace 2 and gradually melting the raw materials into molten steel, then continuously heating up the molten steel, standing the molten steel to perform slag forming operation when the temperature is increased to be within the range of 1500-1530 ℃, selecting the optimal temperature to be 1522 ℃, standing the molten steel for 3-5 minutes, selecting the optimal time to be 4.5 minutes after slag forming, and then performing slag removing operation to ensure the purity of the molten steel of the melted heat-resistant steel 1 in the furnace;
b) : controlling molten steel to carry out tapping operation at a set temperature, wherein molten steel is tapped from the induction furnace 2 into a pouring ladle 3, and the pouring ladle 3 is placed on an automatic pouring machine 4 with a weighing function;
The temperature of the molten steel is controlled within the range of 1540 ℃ to 1580 ℃, and tapping operation is carried out by selecting the optimal temperature to 1575 ℃; the weight of the discharged molten steel is controlled within the range of 450Kg-600Kg, and the optimal weight 482Kg is selected;
C) : in the tapping process, adding 0.15-0.30% of the weight of molten steel into a pouring ladle 3 along with the molten steel, and selecting 0.15% of the weight of the best 0.15% of the weight of the silicon-calcium alloy 5 and 0.02-0.05% of the weight of the molten steel to perform deoxidization operation so as to reduce the oxygen content in the molten steel, thereby reducing the oxidation degree of the molten steel;
The silicon-calcium alloy 5 comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 50% -65%; calcium (Ca): 28% -32%; aluminum (Al): 1.0% -2.5%; carbon (C): less than or equal to 1.2 percent; the balance of iron (Fe) and unavoidable trace elements; the granularity is as follows: deoxidizing with pure aluminum grains in the range of 3mm-15mm and 0.040% of the weight of molten steel;
the pure aluminum comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 99% or more; the balance of unavoidable trace elements; particle size: 3-15mm to reduce the oxygen content in the molten steel, thereby reducing the oxidation of the molten steel;
d) : in the tapping process, adding 0.2% -0.5% of ferrocolumbium by weight of molten steel into the pouring ladle 3 along with the molten steel for grain refinement treatment, and selecting ferrocolumbium with optimal weight of 0.40% for grain refinement operation so as to prevent coarsening of cast structures, thereby improving high-temperature mechanical properties of the material;
E) : carrying out pouring operation after deoxidizing operation and grain refining operation on molten steel;
Controlling the temperature of the molten steel pouring within the range of 1450-1550 ℃, selecting an optimal temperature of 1530 ℃ at the later stage of pouring, and taking a spectroscopic analysis test piece for component inspection and confirmation; the chemical composition confirmation results are shown in the following table:
f) : checking the materials of the casting after unpacking; the results of the examination are shown in the following table:
The inspection result shows that: compared with the traditional high manganese steel, the workability of the material can improve the service life of the processing tool by 7.6 percent.
Example 9:
raw materials of heat-resistant steel 1 are put into an induction furnace 2 (an intermediate frequency induction furnace in the embodiment) for smelting;
the set proportion of the raw materials of the heat-resistant steel 1 is 5.85% of the steel material accounting for the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel 1, the return furnace material accounting for 80% of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel 1, the micro-carbon ferrochrome accounting for 8.90% of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel 1, the chromium nitride accounting for 1.15% of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel 1, the nickel plate accounting for 1.84% of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel 1, the ferric sulfide accounting for 0.13% of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel 1, the niobium-iron accounting for 0.19% of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel 1, the electrolytic manganese accounting for 1.25% of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel 1 and the ferrosilicon accounting for 0.69% of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel 1.
The specific steps of gradually melting raw materials into molten steel are as follows:
a) : heating up raw materials in an induction furnace 2, gradually melting the raw materials into molten steel, then continuously heating up the molten steel, standing the molten steel to perform slag forming operation when the optimal temperature is 1520 ℃ when the temperature is raised to 1500-1530 ℃, standing the molten steel for 3-5 minutes, selecting the optimal time for 5.0 minutes, and then performing slag removing operation to ensure the purity of the molten steel of the melted heat-resistant steel 1 in the furnace;
b) : controlling molten steel to carry out tapping operation at a set temperature, wherein molten steel is tapped from the induction furnace 2 into a pouring ladle 3, and the pouring ladle 3 is placed on an automatic pouring machine 4 with a weighing function;
The temperature of the molten steel is controlled within the range of 1540 ℃ to 1580 ℃, and tapping operation is carried out at the optimal temperature of 1554 ℃; the weight of the discharged molten steel is controlled within the range of 450Kg-600Kg, and the optimal weight is selected to be 505Kg;
c) : in the tapping process, adding 0.15-0.30% of the weight of molten steel into a pouring ladle 3 along with the molten steel, and selecting 0.25% of the weight of the best calcium-silicon alloy 5 and 0.02-0.05% of the weight of the molten steel to perform deoxidization operation so as to reduce the oxygen content in the molten steel, thereby reducing the oxidation degree of the molten steel;
The silicon-calcium alloy 5 comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 50% -65%; calcium (Ca): 28% -32%; aluminum (Al): 1.0% -2.5%; carbon (C): less than or equal to 1.2 percent; the balance of iron (Fe) and unavoidable trace elements; the granularity is as follows: deoxidizing with pure aluminum particles in the range of 3mm-15mm and 0.045% of the weight of molten steel;
the pure aluminum comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 99% or more; the balance of unavoidable trace elements; particle size: 3-15mm to reduce the oxygen content in the molten steel, thereby reducing the oxidation of the molten steel;
d) : in the tapping process, adding 0.2% -0.5% of ferrocolumbium by weight of molten steel into the pouring ladle 3 along with the molten steel for grain refinement treatment, and selecting ferrocolumbium with optimal weight of 0.30% for grain refinement operation so as to prevent coarsening of cast structures, thereby improving high-temperature mechanical properties of the material;
e) : carrying out pouring operation after deoxidizing operation and grain refining operation on molten steel;
The temperature of the molten steel casting is controlled within the range of 1450-1550 ℃, the optimal temperature is selected to be 1535 ℃ at the later casting stage, and a spectroscopic analysis test piece is taken for component inspection and confirmation; the chemical composition confirmation results are shown in the following table:
f) : checking the materials of the casting after unpacking; the results of the examination are shown in the following table:
The inspection result shows that: compared with the traditional high manganese steel, the workability of the material can improve the service life of the processing tool by 7.3 percent.
The invention has the advantages that:
The invention achieves the aim of obtaining complete austenite by replacing nickel element with manganese element and nitrogen element. After adding nitrogen element, and combining with the tapping liquid process, carrying out grain refinement treatment by using niobium element, wherein the casting finds that grains are refined in the metallographic examination process, and the grains of the material are obviously improved. And the deoxidization treatment is carried out on the molten steel by utilizing the calcium element and the aluminum element, so that the tendency of oxidizing the manganese element is reduced, and the oxidizing slag in the molten steel is reduced.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and any simple modification, equivalent variation and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical principles of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A heat-resistant steel for a turbine housing and an exhaust pipe of an automobile, which is characterized in that: the raw material composition of the heat-resistant steel comprises: steel material accounting for a set proportion of raw materials of the heat-resistant steel, furnace return material, micro-carbon ferrochrome, chromium nitride, nickel plate, ferric sulfide, electrolytic manganese and ferrosilicon; wherein, the heat-resistant steel also contains sulfur and niobium in a set proportion; the raw material of the heat-resistant steel is put into an induction furnace to be smelted, the raw material of the heat-resistant steel is gradually melted into molten steel, then the molten steel is kept stand to perform slag forming operation, slag removing operation and tapping operation are performed, and then the heat-resistant steel which is free to cut and can be used for an automobile turbine shell and an exhaust pipe is obtained;
The heat-resistant steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: carbon: 0.2-0.5; silicon: 1.0-2.5; manganese: 3.0 to 8.0; phosphorus: less than or equal to 0.040; sulfur: 0.02-0.15; chromium: 22.0-27.0; nickel: 6.0-10.0; nitrogen: 0.20-0.50; niobium: 0.10-0.50; molybdenum: less than or equal to 0.50; vanadium: less than or equal to 0.50; aluminum: 0.005-0.050% and balance of iron and unavoidable trace elements.
2. The heat resistant steel for automobile turbine housing, exhaust pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heat-resistant steel comprises the following raw materials in specific proportion: the steel material accounts for 3.0% -12.0% of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel; the furnace return material accounts for 65% -80% of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel; the micro-carbon ferrochrome accounts for 8.0% -16.0% of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel; the chromium nitride accounts for 0.2 to 4.0 percent of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel; the nickel plate accounts for 1.0% -5.0% of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel; iron sulfide accounts for 0.05 to 0.35 percent of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel; the ferrocolumbium accounts for 0.10 percent to 0.50 percent of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel; the electrolytic manganese accounts for 0.30% -5.0% of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel; the ferrosilicon accounts for 0.10-2.50% of the raw material proportion of the heat-resistant steel.
3. The heat resistant steel for automobile turbine housing, exhaust pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that: the steel is carbon steel; the furnace return material is a waste casting and a pouring system.
4. A preparation method of heat-resistant steel for a turbine shell and an exhaust pipe of an automobile is characterized by comprising the following steps of: heat resistant steel provided with a composition according to claim 1-claim 3, comprising the following preparation steps:
The first step: heating up raw materials in an induction furnace and gradually melting the raw materials into molten steel, continuously heating up the raw materials of the heat-resistant steel, standing the raw materials of the heat-resistant steel to perform slag forming operation when the temperature is raised to 1500-1530 ℃, standing the molten steel of the melted raw materials of the heat-resistant steel in the induction furnace for 3-5 minutes, and then performing slag removing operation to ensure purity of the molten steel of the melted heat-resistant steel in the furnace;
And a second step of: controlling molten steel to carry out tapping operation at a set temperature, wherein molten steel is tapped from the induction furnace to the pouring ladle;
And a third step of: in the tapping process, adding 0.15-0.30% of calcium-silicon alloy and 0.02-0.05% of pure aluminum particles into the pouring ladle along with molten steel to perform deoxidization operation so as to reduce the oxygen content in the molten steel and further reduce the oxidation degree of the molten steel;
Fourth step: during tapping, ferrocolumbium accounting for 0.2% -0.5% of the weight of the molten steel is added into the pouring ladle along with the molten steel to carry out grain refinement treatment, so that the high-temperature mechanical property of the heat-resistant steel is improved;
Fifth step: carrying out pouring operation after deoxidizing operation and grain refining operation on molten steel; the casting temperature of the molten steel is controlled within the range of 1450-1580 ℃; the weight of the discharged molten steel is controlled within the range of 450Kg-600 Kg; and in the later casting stage, taking a spectroscopic analysis test piece to perform component inspection and confirmation, and confirming the chemical component;
sixth step: and (5) carrying out material inspection after the casting is unpacked, and checking metallographic structure and mechanical properties.
5. The method for producing heat-resistant steel for automobile turbine housings and exhaust pipes according to claim 4, wherein: in the first step: and (3) standing the raw materials for 3-4.5 minutes for optimal time after the slag forming operation, and then carrying out slag removing operation.
6. The method for producing heat-resistant steel for automobile turbine housings and exhaust pipes according to claim 4, wherein: in the second step: the temperature of the molten steel is controlled within the range of 1540-1580, and tapping operation is carried out at the optimal temperature of 1540-1550 ℃; the weight of the molten steel is controlled within the range of 450Kg-600 Kg.
7. The method for producing heat-resistant steel for automobile turbine housings and exhaust pipes according to claim 4, wherein: the optimal weight of the tapping liquid is 490Kg-500Kg.
8. The method for producing heat-resistant steel for automobile turbine housings and exhaust pipes according to claim 4,
The method is characterized in that: in the third step, in the tapping process, adding 0.25% of the optimal weight of the calcium-silicon alloy by the weight of molten steel into a pouring ladle along with the molten steel; the weight percentage of each component of the silicon-calcium alloy is 50% -65% of silicon; calcium: 28% -32%; aluminum: 1.0% -2.5%; carbon: less than or equal to 1.2 percent; the balance of iron and unavoidable trace elements; the granularity of the silicon-calcium alloy is as follows: deoxidizing with pure aluminum grains in the range of 3mm-15mm and in the weight of 0.025-0.03 wt% of molten steel; the pure aluminum comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 99% or more; the balance of unavoidable trace elements; particle size: 3mm-15mm to reduce the oxygen content in the molten steel and thus reduce the oxidation of the molten steel.
9. The method for producing heat-resistant steel for automobile turbine housings and exhaust pipes according to claim 4, wherein: in the fourth step, ferrocolumbium with the optimal weight of 0.20-0.30% of molten steel is added into the pouring ladle along with the molten steel in the process of tapping the molten steel to carry out grain refinement operation.
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