CN118026177A - Method for preventing anode hardening of electrolytic waste hard alloy - Google Patents
Method for preventing anode hardening of electrolytic waste hard alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN118026177A CN118026177A CN202410080086.7A CN202410080086A CN118026177A CN 118026177 A CN118026177 A CN 118026177A CN 202410080086 A CN202410080086 A CN 202410080086A CN 118026177 A CN118026177 A CN 118026177A
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- cemented carbide
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- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KWSLGOVYXMQPPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2h-tetrazole Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=CC(C2=NNN=N2)=C1 KWSLGOVYXMQPPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000191 poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001379 sodium hypophosphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 20
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 13
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002000 Electrolyte additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006388 chemical passivation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonaoxidotritungsten Chemical compound O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000428 cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- CMPGARWFYBADJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L tungstic acid Chemical compound O[W](O)(=O)=O CMPGARWFYBADJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/90—Carbides
- C01B32/914—Carbides of single elements
- C01B32/949—Tungsten or molybdenum carbides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC REMOVAL OF MATERIALS FROM OBJECTS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F3/00—Electrolytic etching or polishing
- C25F3/02—Etching
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preventing anode hardening of electrolytic waste hard alloy, which comprises the following steps: providing an electrolytic tank, adding electrolyte into the electrolytic tank, immersing waste hard alloy into the electrolyte, and carrying out electrolysis by taking the waste hard alloy as an anode and taking a cathode as an inert electrode; wherein the electrolyte comprises the following components in concentration: 100g/L to 350g/L of acid electrolyte, 0.5g/L to 2.5g/L of dispersing agent, 0.1g/L to 1g/L of nonionic surfactant, 3g/L to 10g/L of antioxidant and water. The invention can overcome the problem of hardening in the electrolytic process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hard alloy preparation, in particular to a method for preventing an electrolytic waste hard alloy anode from hardening.
Background
The hard alloy is prepared from a hard phase of metal carbide such as WC, tiC-TaC-WC and the like and a binding phase of metal such as Co, ni, fe and the like by a powder metallurgy process. Cemented carbide has good red hardness, bending strength and wear resistance, is currently the most widely used cutting tool material, and is known as "industrial tooth".
Along with the increasing decrease of tungsten resources, the price of tungsten ores is continuously increased, related strategic reserve mechanisms are established in developed countries in Europe and America, and research and industrialization of recycling tungsten are actively carried out. Tungsten and cobalt are recovered from waste hard alloy, which is beneficial to saving resources, protecting environment and has considerable economic value.
At present, various methods are developed according to the characteristics of waste materials in the recycling of hard alloy, and mainly comprise a zinc melting method, a mechanical crushing method, a high-temperature oxidation method, an acid leaching method, an electrolytic method and the like, wherein impurities are easy to mix in the zinc melting method, the mechanical crushing method has the problems of high equipment cost and incomplete cobalt phase separation, the high-temperature oxidation method has high energy consumption, and the electrolytic method has high product purity.
The method for electrolytically recovering the waste hard alloy is to take the waste hard alloy as an anode, platinum/graphite and the like as a cathode, perform electrochemical reaction in acid electrolyte, oxidize cobalt in the waste hard alloy into solution and deposit the cobalt in the cathode, deposit the rest tungsten carbide at the bottom of an electrolytic cell, and further process the tungsten carbide to obtain tungsten carbide powder.
However, because high-density current is easy to form at the contact points among irregular alloy blocks, tungstic acid, tungsten oxide, cobalt oxide and the like are formed and separated out, and continuously grow, certain binding force is generated between the tungsten oxide, the waste material hardening connector is formed, the electrolysis efficiency and the cobalt dissolution rate are affected, and the electrolyzed material is hard to be taken out in an electrolytic cell.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a method for preventing the anode of the electrolytic waste hard alloy from hardening.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for preventing anode hardening of electrolytic waste hard alloy comprises the following steps:
Providing an electrolytic tank, adding electrolyte into the electrolytic tank, immersing waste hard alloy into the electrolyte, and carrying out electrolysis by taking the waste hard alloy as an anode and taking a cathode as an inert electrode;
wherein the electrolyte comprises the following components in concentration:
100g/L to 350g/L of acid electrolyte, 0.5g/L to 2.5g/L of dispersing agent, 0.1g/L to 1g/L of nonionic surfactant, 3g/L to 10g/L of antioxidant and water.
The implementation of the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
According to the embodiment of the invention, the dispersing agent is added into the electrolyte, so that the binding phase such as cobalt dissolved out by electrolysis is timely dispersed into the electrolyte, and is prevented from accumulating at the joint of the alloy blocks; adding an antioxidant to inhibit the precipitation of oxides at the joint of the alloy blocks; by adding the nonionic surfactant, the nonionic surfactant is adsorbed on the surface of the waste hard alloy, so that the dissolution rate of the binding phase such as cobalt is slowed down, and the dissolution rate is too high to be dispersed in the electrolyte, so that accumulation and hardening can be caused. In conclusion, the invention starts from the aspects of oxidation inhibition, balance of binder phase dissolution rate and dispersion rate, can effectively reduce hardening, and improves electrolysis efficiency and dissolution rate of binder phases such as cobalt and the like.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention discloses a method for preventing anode hardening of electrolytic waste hard alloy, which comprises the following steps:
Providing an electrolytic tank, adding electrolyte into the electrolytic tank, immersing the waste hard alloy into the electrolyte, and carrying out electrolysis by taking the waste hard alloy as an anode and taking a cathode as an inert electrode.
Wherein the electrolyte comprises the following components in concentration:
100g/L to 350g/L of acid electrolyte, 0.5g/L to 2.5g/L of dispersing agent, 0.1g/L to 1g/L of nonionic surfactant, 3g/L to 10g/L of antioxidant and water.
In the embodiment, the dispersing agent is added into the electrolyte to enable the binding phase such as cobalt dissolved out by electrolysis to be timely dispersed into the electrolyte, so that the binding phase is prevented from accumulating at the joint of the alloy blocks; adding an antioxidant to inhibit the precipitation of oxides at the joint of the alloy blocks; by adding the nonionic surfactant, the nonionic surfactant is adsorbed on the surface of the waste hard alloy, so that the dissolution rate of the binding phase such as cobalt is slowed down, and the dissolution rate is too high to be dispersed in the electrolyte, so that accumulation and hardening can be caused. In conclusion, the invention starts from the aspects of oxidation inhibition, balance of binder phase dissolution rate and dispersion rate, can effectively reduce hardening, and improves electrolysis efficiency and dissolution rate of binder phases such as cobalt and the like.
In a preferred embodiment, the dispersing agent comprises polyethylene glycol and/or sodium dodecyl sulfate, and the nonionic surfactant comprises one or more of OP-10, peregal, detergent 6502, and the like, and the preferred dispersing agent can assist the preferred nonionic surfactant to play a role in wetting, so that the nonionic surfactant is more easily adsorbed on the surface of the waste cemented carbide.
In a preferred embodiment, the antioxidants include hydroquinone and/or sodium hypophosphite and the like.
Further, in a preferred embodiment, the electrolyte temperature is 50 ℃ to 75 ℃, further reducing the degree of hardening.
In one embodiment, the acid electrolyte may include hydrochloric acid and/or sulfuric acid, etc., and the pH of the electrolyte is preferably 1 to 2.
In the electrolysis process of the technical scheme, the electrolysis voltage is preferably 3V-5V, so that the electrochemical reaction is realized.
In a preferred embodiment, ultrasonic vibration is synchronously applied to the electrolyte in the electrolysis process, so that hardening can be further reduced by ultrasonic vibration, the dispersion of the binding phase such as cobalt in the electrolyte is assisted to be improved, the electrolysis efficiency and the dissolution rate of the binding phase such as cobalt are improved, and the purity of the electrolytic product tungsten carbide is improved. The electrolyte additive and ultrasonic vibration are combined, so that hardening can be completely stopped, loose tungsten carbide is deposited in the electrolytic cell after electrolysis is completed, the tungsten carbide is easy to take out, the purity of the tungsten carbide is higher, and the electrolysis efficiency is higher.
In a specific embodiment, the frequency of ultrasonic vibration is 40 kHz-80 kHz, and the electrolysis time during synchronous ultrasonic vibration can be shortened to 1-4 hours.
The following are specific examples.
Example 1
The electrolyte comprises the following components in concentration:
240g/L hydrochloric acid, 0.5g/L polyethylene glycol, 0.1g/L OP-10, 5g/L hydroquinone and water.
Adding electrolyte into an electrolytic cell, controlling the temperature of the electrolyte to be 55 ℃ and the pH value to be 1-2, immersing the pretreated and deoiled waste hard alloy into the electrolyte, taking the waste hard alloy as an anode, taking a platinum electrode as a cathode, starting ultrasonic vibration, maintaining the frequency at 60kHz, and then electrifying to slowly adjust the electrolytic voltage to 3.8V. And (5) electrolyzing for 2 hours to obtain loose stacked alloy blocks.
The surface of the waste hard alloy after pretreatment is clean and has no impurities, the content of other impurity elements is less and can be ignored, the content of a binding phase in the waste hard alloy can be calculated according to the brand of the waste alloy, the dissolution rate of the binding phase can be calculated by calculating the front and back weight of the waste hard alloy after electrolysis, and the dissolution rate of the binding phase is 99.6%.
Example 2
The electrolyte comprises the following components in concentration:
350g/L hydrochloric acid, 2.5g/L polyethylene glycol, 1g/L OP-10, 10g/L hydroquinone and water.
Adding electrolyte into an electrolytic cell, controlling the temperature of the electrolyte to be 55 ℃ and the pH value to be 1-2, immersing the pretreated and deoiled waste hard alloy into the electrolyte, taking the waste hard alloy as an anode, taking a platinum electrode as a cathode, starting ultrasonic vibration, maintaining the frequency at 60kHz, and then electrifying to slowly adjust the electrolytic voltage to 3.8V. And (5) electrolyzing for 2 hours to obtain loose stacked alloy blocks.
The dissolution rate of the binding phase is 99.1% through testing.
Example 3
The electrolyte comprises the following components in concentration:
100g/L hydrochloric acid, 0.5g/L polyethylene glycol, 0.1g/L OP-10, 3g/L hydroquinone and water.
Adding electrolyte into an electrolytic cell, controlling the temperature of the electrolyte to be 55 ℃ and the pH value to be 1-2, immersing the pretreated and deoiled waste hard alloy into the electrolyte, taking the waste hard alloy as an anode, taking a platinum electrode as a cathode, starting ultrasonic vibration, maintaining the frequency at 60kHz, and then electrifying to slowly adjust the electrolytic voltage to 3.8V. And (5) electrolyzing for 2 hours to obtain loose stacked alloy blocks.
The dissolution rate of the binding phase is 98.9% through testing.
Example 4
Example 4 differs from example 1 in that: the electrolyte additives are different in composition, as follows.
The electrolyte comprises the following components in concentration:
240g/L hydrochloric acid, 0.5g/L sodium dodecyl sulfate, 0.1g/L peregal, 5g/L sodium hypophosphite and water.
Adding electrolyte into an electrolytic cell, controlling the temperature of the electrolyte to be 55 ℃ and the pH value to be 1-2, immersing the pretreated and deoiled waste hard alloy into the electrolyte, taking the waste hard alloy as an anode, taking a platinum electrode as a cathode, and electrifying to slowly adjust the electrolytic voltage to 3.8V. And (5) electrolyzing for 2 hours to obtain loose stacked alloy blocks.
The dissolution rate of the binding phase is 97.5% through testing.
Example 5
Example 5 was electrolyzed using the same electrolyte composition as in example 1, but the difference from example 1 was that: no ultrasonic vibration was applied, as follows.
The electrolyte comprises the following components in concentration:
240g/L hydrochloric acid, 0.5g/L polyethylene glycol, 0.1g/L OP-10, 5g/L hydroquinone and water.
Adding electrolyte into an electrolytic cell, controlling the temperature of the electrolyte to be 55 ℃ and the pH value to be 1-2, immersing the pretreated and deoiled waste hard alloy into the electrolyte, taking the waste hard alloy as an anode, taking a platinum electrode as a cathode, and electrifying to slowly adjust the electrolytic voltage to 3.8V. After electrolysis for 2 hours, an alloy mass with approximately 25% aggregation was obtained.
The dissolution rate of the binding phase is 94.5% through testing.
Comparative example 1
The electrolysis is carried out by adopting the prior art, and is concretely as follows.
The electrolyte comprises the following components in concentration:
240g/L hydrochloric acid and water.
Adding electrolyte into an electrolytic cell, controlling the temperature of the electrolyte to be 55 ℃ and the pH value to be 1-2, immersing the pretreated and deoiled waste hard alloy into the electrolyte, taking the waste hard alloy as an anode, taking a platinum electrode as a cathode, electrifying to slowly adjust the electrolytic voltage to 3.8V, and carrying out electrolysis for 2 hours to form a serious hardening.
The dissolution rate of the binding phase is 91.2% through testing.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 differs from example 1 in that: the electrolyte lacks a polyethylene glycol component, as follows.
The electrolyte comprises the following components in concentration:
240g/L hydrochloric acid, 0.1g/L OP-10, 5g/L hydroquinone and water.
Adding electrolyte into an electrolytic cell, controlling the temperature of the electrolyte to be 55 ℃ and the pH value to be 1-2, immersing the pretreated and deoiled waste hard alloy into the electrolyte, taking the waste hard alloy as an anode, taking a platinum electrode as a cathode, starting ultrasonic vibration, maintaining the frequency at 60kHz, and then electrifying to slowly adjust the electrolytic voltage to 3.8V. After electrolysis for 2h, an alloy mass with approximately 15% aggregation was obtained.
The dissolution rate of the binding phase is 96.1% through testing.
Comparative example 3
Comparative example 3 differs from example 1 in that: the electrolyte lacks OP-10, as follows.
240G/L hydrochloric acid, 0.5g/L polyethylene glycol, 5g/L hydroquinone and water.
Adding electrolyte into an electrolytic cell, controlling the temperature of the electrolyte to be 55 ℃ and the pH value to be 1-2, immersing the pretreated and deoiled waste hard alloy into the electrolyte, taking the waste hard alloy as an anode, taking a platinum electrode as a cathode, starting ultrasonic vibration, maintaining the frequency at 60kHz, and then electrifying to slowly adjust the electrolytic voltage to 3.8V. After electrolysis for 2 hours, an alloy mass with approximately 5% aggregation was obtained.
The dissolution rate of the binding phase is 97.2% through testing.
Comparative example 4
Comparative example 4 differs from example 1 in that: the electrolyte lacks hydroquinone, as follows.
240G/L hydrochloric acid, 0.5g/L polyethylene glycol, 0.1g/L OP-10 and water.
Adding electrolyte into an electrolytic cell, controlling the temperature of the electrolyte to be 55 ℃ and the pH value to be 1-2, immersing the pretreated and deoiled waste hard alloy into the electrolyte, taking the waste hard alloy as an anode, taking a platinum electrode as a cathode, starting ultrasonic vibration, maintaining the frequency at 60kHz, and then electrifying to slowly adjust the electrolytic voltage to 3.8V. After electrolysis for 2 hours, an alloy mass with approximately 10% aggregation was obtained.
The dissolution rate of the binding phase is 95.5% through testing.
The above examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the claims. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The method for preventing the anode hardening of the electrolytic waste hard alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
Providing an electrolytic tank, adding electrolyte into the electrolytic tank, immersing waste hard alloy into the electrolyte, and carrying out electrolysis by taking the waste hard alloy as an anode and taking a cathode as an inert electrode;
wherein the electrolyte comprises the following components in concentration:
100g/L to 350g/L of acid electrolyte, 0.5g/L to 2.5g/L of dispersing agent, 0.1g/L to 1g/L of nonionic surfactant, 3g/L to 10g/L of antioxidant and water.
2. The method for preventing anode hardening of electrolytic waste cemented carbide according to claim 1, wherein the dispersant comprises polyethylene glycol and/or sodium dodecyl sulfate;
The nonionic surfactant comprises one or more of OP-10, peregal and detergent 6502.
3. The method for preventing anode hardening of electrolytic waste cemented carbide according to claim 2, wherein the antioxidant comprises hydroquinone and/or sodium hypophosphite.
4. The method for preventing anode hardening of electrolytic waste cemented carbide according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the electrolyte is 50 ℃ to 75 ℃.
5. The method for preventing anode hardening of electrolytic waste cemented carbide according to claim 1, wherein the pH value of the electrolyte is 1-2.
6. The method for preventing anode hardening of electrolytic waste cemented carbide according to claim 1, wherein the voltage of the electrolysis is 3V to 5V.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the acid electrolyte comprises hydrochloric acid and/or sulfuric acid.
8. The method for preventing anode hardening of waste cemented carbide according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that ultrasonic vibration is also applied to the electrolyte during the electrolysis.
9. The method for preventing anode hardening of electrolytic waste cemented carbide according to claim 8, wherein the frequency of the ultrasonic vibration is 40 kHz-80 kHz.
10. The method for preventing anode hardening of electrolytic waste cemented carbide according to claim 8, wherein the time of electrolysis is 1h to 4h.
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