CN118024638A - Novel optical fiber cladding preparation method and system - Google Patents
Novel optical fiber cladding preparation method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN118024638A CN118024638A CN202410196396.5A CN202410196396A CN118024638A CN 118024638 A CN118024638 A CN 118024638A CN 202410196396 A CN202410196396 A CN 202410196396A CN 118024638 A CN118024638 A CN 118024638A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a novel optical fiber cladding preparation method and system, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing and assembling the crystal optical fiber, spraying the photo-curing nano composite material, curing the photo-curing nano composite material and micro-cladding the cladding material before operation, and cooling and checking and accepting. The high-precision cladding preparation is realized by a laser micro-cladding technology, and a uniform and compact cladding is formed on the surface of the optical fiber, so that the optical fiber has excellent shape and size control capability; in addition, the laser micro-cladding can realize high-strength adhesion between the optical fiber and the cladding, and the thermal action of the laser can enable the material to be rapidly melted and to have physical and chemical interaction with the surface of the optical fiber, so that a firm bonding interface is formed, and excellent cladding adhesive force and strength can be provided; in addition, the preparation of the multi-shape, multi-component and multi-layer thick optical fiber cladding is realized by combining the laser micro cladding technology with the photo-curing nano composite material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of optical fiber cladding, and particularly relates to a novel preparation method and system of an optical fiber cladding.
Background
The optical fiber is used as a main carrier for optical signal transmission, has been rapidly developed since the 80 s of the 20 th century, and is widely used in the fields of communication, sensing, laser and the like. However, with further improvement of laser power of the high-power fiber laser, further application of the optical fiber is limited by nonlinear effect, mode instability effect and the like of the material, so that various nationists develop researches on optical fibers made of different matrix materials, wherein the crystalline optical fiber is paid attention to due to characteristics of high power carrying capacity, low light attenuation, higher damage threshold, lower nonlinear effect, excellent thermal conductivity, diversified structures and forms and the like, but due to material characteristics of the crystalline optical fiber, the traditional optical fiber coating-curing cladding preparation technology cannot be suitable, and various methods are proposed, such as: (1) tube and rod method: putting the crystal optical fiber into a glass sleeve, and adopting CO2 laser to melt and soften the interface of the crystal optical fiber and the glass sleeve so as to attach and prepare a cladding; (2) a polymer precursor method: the polymer is coated on the surface of the crystal optical fiber, and after long-time drying and sintering, the external cladding with the thickness of hundred nanometers can be obtained, but the method has long time, low efficiency, thinner cladding thickness and relatively limited practical performance; (3) hydrogen injection method: the high-energy hydrogen ions are implanted into the optical fiber, the surface of the optical fiber is modified, so that the refractive index is changed, the prepared cladding is relatively thicker and can reach tens of micrometers, but the method has strong dependence on large-scale ion implantation equipment and relatively high cost; (4) microstructuring method: the material surrounding the crystalline fiber portion is stripped, such as by a windmill cladding, to change the effective refractive index of the fiber periphery, but the method is currently in a theoretical stage and no fiber entity exists.
In the prior art, chinese patent with the document number of CN102508333B discloses a double-cladding all-solid-state photonic crystal fiber and a preparation method thereof, wherein the double-cladding all-solid-state photonic crystal fiber comprises a fiber core, an inner cladding and an outer cladding, the fiber is provided with the outer cladding with a round outer surface, and the inner cladding is a hexagonal fiber with a sawtooth structure. The preparation method is that a metal sleeve with an inner hexagonal structure is used as a mould, a photon crystal optical fiber preform is prepared by a stacking method, and glass with lower refractive index is used for replacing cladding air holes, so that the manufacturing process and welding of the optical fiber are simpler and more convenient. The surface tension of glass in the drawing process is utilized to form a hexagonal optical fiber with a round outer surface and a sawtooth structure as an inner cladding. The pump light absorption coefficient of the optical fiber is improved, the coupling efficiency and the pump light absorption coefficient are effectively improved, and the output laser power and the output laser efficiency are improved by one time compared with the prior double-clad optical fiber with the traditional structure.
The Chinese patent of the document No. CN102508333B improves the tube and rod method to realize the preparation of the double-layer cladding, but the problem that the numerical aperture of the crystal optical fiber cannot be effectively regulated cannot be avoided. Therefore, in order to solve the problems of the above-mentioned cladding preparation method, a solution is needed in the art for preparing multi-shape, multi-component and multi-layer thick crystal optical fiber cladding, and meanwhile, the method has the characteristics of high efficiency and low cost under the condition of meeting the requirements of the optical fiber on adjustable key parameters such as numerical aperture, effective refractive index and the like, so as to solve the difficulties faced by part of special optical fibers in the cladding preparation process, realize the preparation of special optical fiber cladding, and expand the application range of the crystal optical fiber.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects or improvement demands of the prior art, the invention provides a novel optical fiber cladding preparation method and system, which realize high-precision cladding preparation by a laser micro-cladding technology, form a uniform and compact cladding on the surface of an optical fiber, and have excellent shape and size control capability; in addition, the laser micro-cladding can realize high-strength adhesion between the optical fiber and the cladding, and the thermal action of the laser can enable the material to be rapidly melted and to have physical and chemical interaction with the surface of the optical fiber, so that a firm bonding interface is formed, and excellent cladding adhesive force and strength can be provided; in addition, the preparation of the multi-shape, multi-component and multi-layer thick optical fiber cladding is realized by combining the laser micro cladding technology with the photo-curing nano composite material.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a novel optical fiber cladding preparation method comprising the steps of:
S1: checking the running condition of equipment, and checking the photo-curing nano composite material and the crystal optical fiber to meet the design requirement;
S2: placing the crystal fiber on a rotary clamping device, and enabling the crystal fiber to perform circumferential rotation at a speed of 10-100rpm and move downwards at a speed of 0.5-10 mm/min;
S3: spraying the photo-curing nano composite material along the circumference of the outer surface of the crystal optical fiber by a micro spray head in a spraying amount of 1-1000 uL/s;
S4: continuously irradiating the light-cured nanocomposite material by a high-power ultraviolet lamp with the concentration of 1-50W/cm 2 to enable the light-cured nanocomposite material to be cured and attached on the surface of the crystal optical fiber until the thickness is 10-50 mu m;
S5: after the light-cured nano composite material is cured, the light-cured nano composite material is driven by the rotary clamping equipment to move to a CO 2 laser working area, and organic matters in the light-cured nano composite material attached to the surface of the crystal optical fiber are degreased and removed under the action of CO 2 laser with the power of 5-70w, so that a porous cladding material is formed; simultaneously, CO 2 laser continues to work, so that the porous cladding material is sintered and melted, and a uniform cladding layer is formed in the circumferential rotation and downward movement processes of the crystal optical fiber;
S6: and after the crystal optical fiber prepared by the cladding is cooled, checking and accepting the performance of the crystal optical fiber, and ensuring that the design requirement is met.
Further, in the step S5, degreasing, sintering and melting time of the cured photo-cured nanocomposite is less than or equal to 1 μs.
Further, characterized in that the photocurable nanocomposite comprises: photoinitiator, dispersant, organic resin and high refractive index nano particles.
Further, the photoinitiator comprises: 0.5-1wt% of 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone or 0.5-2wt% of phenyl phosphine oxide; the dispersant comprises 3-5wt% KYC-913.
Further, the organic resin includes: 40 to 60wt% of hydroxyethyl methacrylate or 5 to 10wt% of triethylene glycol diacrylate.
Further, the high refractive index nanoparticle includes: silica nanopowder or YAG crystal particles.
Further, in the step S3, the micro-spray head and the ultraviolet lamp in the step S4 are started at the same time.
Further, the circumferential rotation direction of the crystal fiber is kept unchanged by left-handed or right-handed rotation during the primary cladding preparation process.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a system for implementing the novel optical fiber cladding preparation method, including: ultraviolet lamp, miniature shower nozzle, CO 2 laser instrument and rotatory holding device, wherein, ultraviolet lamp miniature shower nozzle CO 2 laser instrument is located respectively rotatory holding device lower extreme both sides, just CO 2 laser instrument is located the ultraviolet lamp with miniature shower nozzle lower extreme.
Further, the multiple sets of the system are separated by cooling means that reduce the cladding temperature of the fiber.
In general, the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention, compared with the prior art, enable the following beneficial effects to be obtained:
1. The preparation method of the invention realizes high-precision cladding preparation by a laser micro-cladding technology, forms a uniform and compact cladding on the surface of the optical fiber, and has excellent shape and size control capability; in addition, the laser micro-cladding can realize high-strength adhesion between the optical fiber and the cladding, and the thermal action of the laser can enable the material to be rapidly melted and to have physical and chemical interaction with the surface of the optical fiber, so that a firm bonding interface is formed, and excellent cladding adhesive force and strength can be provided.
2. The preparation method of the invention combines the laser micro cladding technology with the photo-curing nano composite material to realize the preparation of multi-shape, multi-component and multi-layer thick optical fiber cladding.
3. The preparation method of the invention can be suitable for preparing the cladding of various materials by adjusting related parameters and the laser micro-cladding technology so as to meet the preparation of special optical fiber cladding.
4. According to the preparation method disclosed by the invention, a non-contact processing technology is adopted in the solidification and micro-cladding processes of cladding molding, and compared with the traditional cladding preparation method, the preparation method has the advantages of rapid processing speed and capability of improving the production efficiency and the preparation speed.
5. According to the preparation method, the numerical aperture of the fiber core of the optical fiber can be flexibly controlled in the preparation process by adjusting the related parameters, so that the prepared cladding optical fiber has the advantages of adapting to different application requirements and being convenient for optical fiber preparation and process control.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing steps of a preparation method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a manufacturing system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a multi-set manufacturing system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Like reference numerals denote like technical features throughout the drawings, in particular: 1-ultraviolet lamp, 2-miniature shower nozzle, 3-CO 2 laser, 4-rotatory centre gripping equipment, 5-photocuring nanocomposite, 6-crystal optic fibre, 7-cooling part.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In addition, the technical features of the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present invention provides a novel optical fiber cladding preparation method, which includes the following steps:
s1, preparation before operation: checking the running condition of equipment, and checking the photo-curing nano composite material 5 and the crystal optical fiber 6 to meet the design requirement;
S2, assembling a crystal optical fiber: placing the crystal fiber 6 on a rotary clamping device 4, and making the crystal fiber 6 perform circumferential rotation at a speed of 10-100rpm and move downwards at a speed of 0.5-10 mm/min;
s3, spraying a photo-curing nano composite material: spraying the photo-curing nano composite material 5 along the circumference of the outer surface of the crystalline optical fiber 6 by a micro spray head 2 in a spraying amount of 1-1000 uL/s;
S4, curing the photo-curing nanocomposite: continuously irradiating the light-cured nanocomposite 5 by a high-power ultraviolet lamp 1 with the power of 1-50W/cm 2 to enable the light-cured nanocomposite to be cured and attached on the surface of the crystalline optical fiber 6 until the thickness is 10-50 mu m;
S5, micro-cladding of a cladding material: after the light-cured nano composite material 5 is cured, the light-cured nano composite material is driven by the rotary clamping equipment 4 to move to a CO 2 laser working area, and organic matters in the light-cured nano composite material 5 attached to the surface of the crystal optical fiber 6 are degreased and removed under the action of CO 2 laser with the power of 5-70w to form a porous cladding material; simultaneously, CO 2 laser continues to work, so that the porous cladding material is sintered and melted, and a uniform cladding layer is formed in the circumferential rotation and downward movement processes of the crystal optical fiber 6;
S6, cooling and acceptance checking: after the crystalline optical fiber 6, which has completed cladding preparation, is cooled, its performance is checked and accepted, ensuring that the design requirements are met.
Wherein, specifically, the step S1 includes: before starting cladding construction, performing sufficient preparation work on the design and planning of the optical fiber, including determining the specification, requirements and target performance of the optical fiber, including selection of cladding material, cladding thickness, refractive index, etc., to ensure that the operation can be performed according to the prescribed requirements during construction; selecting a proper photo-curing nano composite material 5 and a crystal optical fiber 6, and performing corresponding preparation work on the photo-curing nano composite material and the crystal optical fiber, wherein the preparation work comprises the steps of pretreatment, mixing and the like so as to ensure the quality of the crystal optical fiber, the purity and the applicability of the photo-curing nano composite material, and meanwhile, the pollution of impurities and the damage of the photo-curing nano composite material need to be avoided; preparing required cladding construction equipment and tools, including an ultraviolet lamp 1, a spraying device, a CO 2 laser 3, a rotary clamping device 4 and other applicable tools, ensuring the normal operation of the equipment, and adjusting and calibrating according to the requirement; in the process of preparing the cladding, proper environmental conditions are designed, adjusted and maintained according to the requirements of cladding materials; the construction area is tidy and safe, good ventilation conditions are provided, sundries, dust and other pollutants are cleaned, and interference and pollution to cladding construction are avoided; ensuring that the operator has sufficient training and skills, knows the operational steps and safety precautions of the cladding operation, provides the necessary personal protective equipment, and complies with the relevant safety regulations and guidelines.
Specifically, the step S2 includes: the crystal fiber 6 is precisely placed on the rotating clamping device 4 and the clamping means should firmly hold the crystal fiber to ensure that no movement or loosening occurs during rotation. After determining the types of the photo-curing nanocomposite 5 and the crystalline optical fiber 6 according to the specific performance requirements of the required optical fiber, determining a proper rotation speed and a movement speed range according to the structural characteristics of the crystalline optical fiber 6 and the curing and micro-cladding characteristics of the photo-curing nanocomposite 5, wherein the rotation speed range is 10-100rpm, the movement speed is 0.5-10mm/min, and ensuring the stability and controllability of the rotation speed. The rotary clamping device 4 is started to enable the crystal fiber 6 to start to rotate circumferentially, the correct rotation direction is ensured, and the rotation speed is adjusted according to the preparation process. In the rotation process, the rotation state of the crystal fiber 6 is closely monitored, so that the crystal fiber 6 keeps stable and uniform motion in the rotation process, and the solidification and micro-cladding conditions of the photo-curing nanocomposite 5 are ensured, so that the fiber cladding is uniformly attached to the outer surface of the crystal fiber 6.
Preferably, the circumferential rotation direction of the crystal fiber 6 is kept unchanged by left-handed or right-handed rotation during the primary cladding preparation.
Specifically, the step S3 includes: depending on the specific performance requirements of the desired optical fiber and the crystalline optical fiber 6, a suitable photocurable nanocomposite material 5 is selected and prepared according to manufacturer's instructions, including steps of proportioning, mixing, stirring, and activation, to ensure uniformity and activity of the composite material. The status of the micro-spray head 2 is checked and ensured that it is not blocked or damaged, and the spray head is cleaned and necessary adjustments and calibrations are made as required. According to the preparation requirements and design, a proper spraying amount range is determined, and the spraying amount range is 1-1000 uL/s. On the basis of step S2, the spraying device is started and the micro-spray head 2 is used to spray along the circumferential outer surface of the crystal fiber 6 at a fixed angle, and the uniformity and continuity of spraying are maintained, so as to ensure that the photo-cured nanocomposite material is uniformly distributed along the outer surface of the crystal fiber. By controlling the amount of spray during the spraying process, it is ensured that the photo-curable nanocomposite is deposited on the surface of the crystalline optical fiber at a suitable rate and amount.
Preferably, the micro-spray head 2 is fixedly connected with the storage device of the photo-curing nanocomposite 5, and the cladding is prepared according to the characteristics of the photo-curing nanocomposite 5 and the manufacturer to ensure that the composite material in the storage device meets the spraying requirement.
In an alternative embodiment, the photocurable nanocomposite 5 comprises: a photoinitiator, a dispersing agent, an organic resin and high-refractive-index nano particles, wherein the photoinitiator comprises 0.5-1wt% of 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone or 0.5-2wt% of phenyl phosphine oxide; the dispersant comprises 3-5wt% KYC-913; the organic resin includes: 40-60 wt% of hydroxyethyl methacrylate or 5-10wt% of triethylene glycol diacrylate; the high refractive index nanoparticle includes: silica nanopowder or YAG crystal particles.
Specifically, the step S4 includes: the high-power ultraviolet lamp 1 is ensured to be in good state and has enough irradiation power, the integrity of the lamp tube and the radiation source is checked, and the stable and reliable operation of the lamp tube and the radiation source is ensured; before the irradiation of the ultraviolet lamp, proper safety measures such as an ultraviolet protection box, protective glasses and gloves are ensured to be adopted so as to avoid damaging human bodies; the proper irradiation power range is determined according to the requirements and design of the cladding preparation, and is generally between 1W/cm 2 and 50W/cm. Ensuring that the crystal fibre 6 is still located on the rotary clamping device 4 and that the photo-cured nanocomposite material 5 has been sprayed onto the outer surface of the crystal fibre 6. And starting the spraying operation in the step S3, and simultaneously starting the high-power ultraviolet lamp 1 to continuously irradiate the photo-cured nano composite material 5 to the thickness of 10-50 mu m, so as to ensure that the irradiation range of the ultraviolet lamp covers the whole spraying area, and keeping constant irradiation time until the composite material is cured. In the irradiation process, the working state and the irradiation effect of the ultraviolet lamp are closely monitored, and the uniformity and consistency of irradiation are ensured according to the characteristics of the photo-curing nanocomposite and the suggestions of manufacturers so as to ensure that the photo-curing nanocomposite is uniformly cured and attached on the surface of the crystal optical fiber.
Specifically, the step S5 includes: moving the cured nanocomposite material to a CO 2 laser working area with the power of 5-70w under the drive of the rotary clamping equipment 4, and ensuring that the cured material conforms to the action area of CO 2 laser so as to enable the cured material to be fully contacted with the laser; organic matters in the photo-curing nano composite material 5 attached to the outer surface of the crystal optical fiber 6 are degreased and removed under the action of CO 2 laser. The power of the CO 2 laser is adjusted according to the properties of the crystal optical fiber and the photo-curing nano composite material 5 so as to realize a good degreasing effect, and the photo-curing nano composite material 5 attached to the outer surface of the crystal optical fiber 6 is cured to form a porous cladding material through the thermal action and chemical reaction of the CO 2 laser; the CO 2 laser continues to work, so that the porous cladding material is sintered and clad, and the heat of the CO 2 laser fuses the porous cladding material and the surface of the crystal fiber to form a uniform cladding layer in the process of circumferential rotation and downward movement of the crystal fiber 6.
Preferably, the light-cured nanocomposite 5 after curing is degreased, sintered and melted for less than or equal to 1 mu s under the set CO 2 laser power.
In an alternative embodiment, in the later stage of cladding preparation of the single crystal optical fiber 6, a blank area smaller than or equal to 1.5mm is reserved for the crystal optical fiber 6 at the lower end of the rotary clamping device 4, spraying and curing operation is stopped, and cladding operation at the lower end of the blank area is completed, so that the preparation of the optical fiber cladding is completed, and damage to the rotary clamping device 4 is avoided.
Specifically, the step S6 includes: the finished clad crystalline fiber 6 is cooled to solidify and stabilize the cladding material by a cooling medium or cooling system to ensure that the temperature reaches the proper range. Before performance acceptance of the clad crystalline fiber, some preparation work is required, including checking the appearance of the fiber to ensure that the cladding is free of obvious damage or defects; test equipment and instruments, including optical measurement equipment, light sources, optical power meters, spectrometers, etc., are prepared to evaluate the performance of the optical fibers. The performance of the optical fiber is subsequently tested using corresponding optical measurement apparatus and methods, including the following: the transmission efficiency and loss characteristics of the optical fiber are evaluated by measuring the loss of the optical signal in the optical fiber transmission process; measuring the dispersion conditions of optical signals with different wavelengths in the optical fiber in the transmission process, and evaluating the dispersion characteristics of the optical fiber; evaluating the signal bandwidth and transmission capacity of the optical fiber by measuring the frequency response of the optical fiber; evaluating the modal coupling characteristics of the optical fiber, including the propagation mode, coupling efficiency, etc. of the optical signal in the optical fiber; evaluating the linearity and nonlinear characteristics of the optical fiber, including the linear transmission range, nonlinear optical effect and the like of the optical fiber; the optical fiber was observed by an optical microscope or thermal infrared imager to evaluate the appearance and surface uniformity of the cladding, the thickness of the cladding and the uniformity of the material, and the numerical aperture of the core of the optical fiber. And according to the result of the optical performance test, analyzing and judging the performance of the cladding crystal optical fiber, and comparing the test result with the design requirement to ensure that the performance of the optical fiber meets the expected requirement and specification. Recording the result and analysis process of the optical performance test, and generating a performance acceptance report according to the test result, wherein the report becomes an important reference basis for subsequent application and quality control, wherein the report comprises various performance indexes, test methods and results of the optical fiber.
Preferably, the optical fiber after the cladding preparation is completed can be prepared into a multi-shaped, multi-component, multi-clad optical fiber finished product by repeating steps S3 to S6.
According to the preparation method of the optical fiber cladding, the solidified nanocomposite can be rapidly degreased, sintered and fused under the high energy density and accurate control of laser, and is attached to the surface of the crystal optical fiber, so that the preparation of the optical fiber cladding is completed. The high-precision cladding preparation is realized by a laser micro-cladding technology, and a uniform and compact cladding is formed on the surface of the optical fiber, so that the optical fiber has excellent shape and size control capability; in addition, the laser micro-cladding can realize high-strength adhesion between the optical fiber and the cladding, and the thermal action of the laser can enable the material to be rapidly melted and to have physical and chemical interaction with the surface of the optical fiber, so that a firm bonding interface is formed, and excellent cladding adhesive force and strength can be provided; meanwhile, the laser micro cladding technology can be applied to the preparation of cladding of various materials by adjusting related parameters so as to meet the preparation of special optical fiber cladding, for example, the optical guide performance of the reinforced optical fiber is realized by using a high refractive index material, or the temperature stability of the optical fiber is improved by using a heat-resistant material.
Furthermore, the solidification and micro-cladding process of the cladding molding adopts a non-contact processing technology, and compared with the traditional cladding preparation method, the cladding molding method has rapid processing speed, and can improve the production efficiency and the preparation speed; in addition, the numerical aperture of the fiber core of the optical fiber can be flexibly controlled in the preparation process, so that the prepared cladding optical fiber has the advantages of adapting to different application requirements, adjusting the mode field diameter, coping with optical fiber connection and light source selection, optimizing dispersion and nonlinear characteristics and facilitating optical fiber preparation and process control.
The preparation method of the first embodiment is based on the optical fiber cladding preparation system shown in fig. 2, and includes: an ultraviolet lamp 1, a micro spray head 2, a CO 2 laser 3 and a rotary clamping device 4; wherein the ultraviolet lamp 1 is used for curing the photo-curing nanocomposite 5; the micro spray head 2 is used for spraying the photo-curing nano composite material 5 on the outer surface of the crystal optical fiber 6; the CO 2 laser 3 is used for realizing the micro-cladding process of the composite material; the rotary clamping device 4 is used for stabilizing the crystal fiber 6 and forming a uniform cladding; in addition, in the cladding preparation process, the rotary clamping device 4 clamps the crystal optical fiber 6 to sequentially pass through the miniature spray heads 2, the ultraviolet lamps 1 and the CO 2 lasers 3 fixedly arranged on two sides, so that the rapid preparation of the optical fiber cladding is realized.
Example two
In this embodiment, the preparation of the multi-layer optical fiber cladding is achieved by the optical fiber cladding preparation systems according to the first embodiment and assembling the cooling member 7 between the optical fiber cladding preparation systems, and the specific processing method includes the following steps:
s1, preparation before operation: checking the running condition of equipment, and checking the photo-curing nano composite material 5 and the crystal optical fiber 6 to meet the design requirement;
S2, assembling a crystal optical fiber: placing the crystal fiber 6 on a rotary clamping device 4, and making the crystal fiber 6 perform circumferential rotation at a speed of 10-100rpm and move downwards at a speed of 0.5-10 mm/min;
s3, spraying a photo-curing nano composite material: spraying the photo-curing nano composite material 5 along the circumference of the outer surface of the crystalline optical fiber 6 by a micro spray head 2 in a spraying amount of 1-1000 uL/s;
S4, curing the photo-curing nanocomposite: continuously irradiating the light-cured nanocomposite 5 by a high-power ultraviolet lamp 1 with the power of 1-50W/cm 2 to enable the light-cured nanocomposite to be cured and attached on the surface of the crystalline optical fiber 6 until the thickness is 10-50 mu m;
S5, micro-cladding of a cladding material: after the light-cured nano composite material 5 is cured, the light-cured nano composite material is driven by the rotary clamping equipment 4 to move to a CO 2 laser working area, and organic matters in the light-cured nano composite material 5 attached to the surface of the crystal optical fiber 6 are degreased and removed under the action of CO 2 laser with the power of 5-70w to form a porous cladding material; simultaneously, CO 2 laser continues to work, so that the porous cladding material is sintered and melted, and a uniform cladding layer is formed in the circumferential rotation and downward movement processes of the crystal optical fiber 6;
S6, cooling and acceptance checking: after cooling the crystal optical fiber 6 with the cladding prepared, replacing or not replacing the photo-curing nano composite material 5, repeating the steps S2-S6 along the direction of the production line to form a multilayer cladding crystal optical fiber 6, and after cooling, checking and accepting the performance of the multilayer cladding crystal optical fiber 6 to ensure that the design requirement is met.
Example III
A novel optical fiber cladding preparation method adopts the optical fiber cladding preparation system in the first embodiment, and comprises the following steps:
s1, preparation before operation: checking the running condition of equipment, and checking the photo-curing nano composite material 5 and the ytterbium-doped crystal optical fiber 6 to meet the design requirement;
s2, assembling a crystal optical fiber: placing the crystal fiber 6 having a diameter of 1mm and a length of 100mm on a rotary holding apparatus 4, and rotating the crystal fiber 6 circumferentially at a speed of 10-100rpm, and moving down at a speed of 0.5-10 mm/min;
S3, spraying a photo-curing nano composite material: spraying the photo-curing nano composite material 5 which mainly consists of 0.5-1wt% of 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone, 0.5-2wt% of phenyl phosphine oxide, 3-5wt% of KYC-913, 40-60wt% of hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 5-10wt% of triethylene glycol diacrylate and more than or equal to 60wt% of silicon dioxide nano powder along the circumference of the outer surface of the crystal optical fiber 6 by a micro spray head 2 in a spraying amount of 1-1000 uL/s;
S4, curing the photo-curing nanocomposite: continuously irradiating the light-cured nanocomposite 5 by a high-power ultraviolet lamp 1 with the power of 1-50W/cm 2 to enable the light-cured nanocomposite to be cured and attached on the surface of the crystalline optical fiber 6 until the thickness is 20-40 mu m;
S5, micro-cladding of a cladding material: after the light-cured nano composite material 5 is cured, the light-cured nano composite material is driven by the rotary clamping equipment 4 to move to a CO 2 laser working area, and organic matters in the light-cured nano composite material 5 attached to the surface of the crystal optical fiber 6 are degreased and removed under the action of CO 2 laser with the power of 5-70w to form a porous cladding material; simultaneously, CO 2 laser continues to work, so that the porous cladding material is sintered and melted, and a uniform cladding layer is formed in the circumferential rotation and downward movement processes of the crystal optical fiber 6;
S6, cooling and acceptance checking: after the crystalline optical fiber 6, which has completed cladding preparation, is cooled, its performance is checked and accepted, ensuring that the design requirements are met.
Example IV
A novel optical fiber cladding preparation method adopts the optical fiber cladding preparation system in the first embodiment, and comprises the following steps:
s1, preparation before operation: checking the running condition of equipment, and checking the photo-curing nano composite material 5 and the ytterbium-doped crystal optical fiber 6 to meet the design requirement;
s2, assembling a crystal optical fiber: placing the crystal fiber 6 having a diameter of 1mm and a length of 100mm on a rotary holding apparatus 4, and rotating the crystal fiber 6 circumferentially at a speed of 10-100rpm, and moving down at a speed of 0.5-10 mm/min;
S3, spraying a photo-curing nano composite material: spraying the photo-curing nano composite material 5 which mainly consists of 0.5-1wt% of 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone, 0.5-2wt% of phenyl phosphine oxide, 3-5wt% of KYC-913, 40-60wt% of hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 5-10wt% of triethylene glycol diacrylate and more than or equal to 60wt% of silicon dioxide nano powder along the circumference of the outer surface of the crystal optical fiber 6 by a micro spray head 2 in a spraying amount of 1-1000 uL/s;
S4, curing the photo-curing nanocomposite: continuously irradiating the light-cured nanocomposite 5 by a high-power ultraviolet lamp 1 with the power of 1-50W/cm 2 to enable the light-cured nanocomposite to be cured and attached on the surface of the crystalline optical fiber 6 until the thickness is 20-40 mu m;
S5, micro-cladding of a cladding material: after the light-cured nano composite material 5 is cured, the light-cured nano composite material is driven by the rotary clamping equipment 4 to move to a CO 2 laser working area, and organic matters in the light-cured nano composite material 5 attached to the surface of the crystal optical fiber 6 are degreased and removed under the action of CO 2 laser with the power of 5-70w to form a porous cladding material; simultaneously, CO 2 laser continues to work, so that the porous cladding material is sintered and melted, and a uniform cladding layer is formed in the circumferential rotation and downward movement process of the crystal optical fiber 6;
S6, cooling and acceptance checking: after cooling the crystal optical fiber 6 with the cladding prepared, replacing the photo-curing nanocomposite 5 with a Dissmann photo-curing glue with a refractive index of 1.37, repeating the steps S2-S6 to form a double-cladding crystal optical fiber, and after cooling, checking and accepting the performance of the double-cladding crystal optical fiber to ensure that the design requirement is met.
Example five
A novel optical fiber cladding preparation method adopts the optical fiber cladding preparation system in the first embodiment, and comprises the following steps:
s1, preparation before operation: checking the running condition of equipment, and checking the photo-curing nano composite material 5 and the ytterbium-doped crystal optical fiber 6 to meet the design requirement;
s2, assembling a crystal optical fiber: placing the crystal fiber 6 having a diameter of 1mm and a length of 100mm on a rotary holding apparatus 4, and rotating the crystal fiber 6 circumferentially at a speed of 10-100rpm, and moving down at a speed of 0.5-10 mm/min;
S3, spraying a photo-curing nano composite material: spraying the photo-curing nano composite material 5 which is mainly composed of 0.5-1wt% of 1-hydroxy cyclohexyl phenyl ketone, 0.5-2wt% of phenyl phosphine oxide, 3-5wt% of KYC-913, 40-60wt% of hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 5-10wt% of triethylene glycol diacrylate, 30-60wt% of silicon dioxide nano powder and 40-70wt% of YAG crystal particles along the circumference of the outer surface of the crystal optical fiber 6 by a micro spray head 2 in a spraying amount of 1-1000 uL/s;
S4, curing the photo-curing nanocomposite: continuously irradiating the light-cured nanocomposite 5 by a high-power ultraviolet lamp 1 with the power of 1-50W/cm 2 to enable the light-cured nanocomposite to be cured and attached on the surface of the crystalline optical fiber 6 until the thickness is 20-40 mu m;
S5, micro-cladding of a cladding material: after the light-cured nano composite material 5 is cured, the light-cured nano composite material is driven by the rotary clamping equipment 4 to move to a CO 2 laser working area, and organic matters in the light-cured nano composite material 5 attached to the surface of the crystal optical fiber 6 are degreased and removed under the action of CO 2 laser with the power of 5-70w to form a porous cladding material; simultaneously, CO 2 laser continues to work, so that the porous cladding material is sintered and melted, and a uniform cladding layer is formed in the circumferential rotation and downward movement processes of the crystal optical fiber 6;
S6, cooling and acceptance checking: after the crystalline optical fiber 6, which has completed cladding preparation, is cooled, its performance is checked and accepted, ensuring that the design requirements are met.
It should be noted that, if directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) are included in the embodiments of the present invention, the directional indications are merely used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement conditions, etc. between the components in a specific posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indications are correspondingly changed.
In addition, if there is a description of "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the technical solutions of the embodiments may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to base that the technical solutions can be realized by those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, the combination of the technical solutions should be considered to be absent and not within the scope of protection claimed in the present invention.
In this patent, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; it will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that the foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention, but any modifications, equivalents, improvements or alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the novel optical fiber cladding is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: checking the running condition of equipment, and checking the photo-curing nano composite material (5) and the crystal optical fiber (6) to meet the design requirement;
S2: placing the crystal fiber (6) on a rotary clamping device (4), and enabling the crystal fiber (6) to perform circumferential rotation at a speed of 10-100rpm and move downwards at a speed of 0.5-10 mm/min;
S3: spraying the photo-curing nano-composite material (5) along the circumference of the outer surface of the crystal optical fiber (6) by a micro spray head (2) at a spraying amount of 1-1000 uL/s;
S4: continuously irradiating the photo-curing nano composite material (5) by a high-power ultraviolet lamp (1) with the power of 1-50W/cm 2 to enable the photo-curing nano composite material to be cured and attached on the surface of the crystal optical fiber (6) until the thickness is 10-50 mu m;
S5: after the light-cured nano composite material (5) is cured, the light-cured nano composite material (5) is driven by the rotary clamping equipment (4) to move to a CO 2 laser working area, and organic matters in the light-cured nano composite material (5) attached to the surface of the crystal optical fiber (6) are degreased and removed under the action of CO 2 laser with the power of 5-70w, so that a porous cladding material is formed; simultaneously, CO 2 laser continues to work, so that the porous cladding material is sintered and melted, and a uniform cladding layer is formed in the circumferential rotation and downward movement process of the crystal optical fiber (6);
s6: and after cooling the crystal optical fiber (6) with the cladding prepared, checking and accepting the performance of the crystal optical fiber, and ensuring that the design requirement is met.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S5, the light-cured nanocomposite (5) after curing is degreased, sintered, and melted for a period of time of 1 μs or less.
3. The method of preparation according to claim 1, characterized in that the photo-cured nanocomposite (5) comprises: photoinitiator, dispersant, organic resin and high refractive index nano particles.
4. A method of preparation according to claim 3, wherein the photoinitiator comprises: 0.5-1wt% of 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone or 0.5-2wt% of phenyl phosphine oxide; the dispersant comprises 3-5wt% KYC-913.
5. A method of preparing according to claim 3, wherein the organic resin comprises: 40 to 60wt% of hydroxyethyl methacrylate or 5 to 10wt% of triethylene glycol diacrylate.
6. A method of preparing according to claim 3, wherein the high refractive index nanoparticles comprise: silica nanopowder or YAG crystal particles.
7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the micro-spray head (2) in step S3 and the ultraviolet lamp (1) in step S4 are activated simultaneously.
8. The method of any one of claims 1-6, wherein the circumferential direction of rotation of the crystalline fiber (6) remains unchanged during one cladding step.
9. A system for implementing the novel optical fiber cladding preparation method of any one of claims 1-8, comprising: ultraviolet lamp (1), miniature shower nozzle (2), CO 2 laser instrument (3) and rotatory centre gripping equipment (4), wherein, ultraviolet lamp (1 miniature shower nozzle (2) CO 2 laser instrument (3) are located respectively rotatory centre gripping equipment (4) lower extreme both sides, just CO 2 laser instrument (3) are located ultraviolet lamp (1) with miniature shower nozzle (2) lower extreme.
10. A system according to claim 9, characterized in that the sets of the system are separated by cooling means (7) for lowering the cladding temperature of the optical fiber.
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