CN118023706A - Ultrasonic wave preheating laser welding equipment for welding aluminum-based composite material - Google Patents
Ultrasonic wave preheating laser welding equipment for welding aluminum-based composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN118023706A CN118023706A CN202410448442.6A CN202410448442A CN118023706A CN 118023706 A CN118023706 A CN 118023706A CN 202410448442 A CN202410448442 A CN 202410448442A CN 118023706 A CN118023706 A CN 118023706A
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 162
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004093 laser heating Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006061 abrasive grain Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008642 heat stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of laser welding, in particular to ultrasonic preheating laser welding equipment for welding an aluminum-based composite material, which comprises a welding machine body, wherein a welding table is arranged at the side of the welding machine body, a laser welding head is arranged on the welding machine body, a linear driver is arranged on the welding machine body, a forming die for placing an aluminum substrate and a metal material is arranged on the welding table, a displacement driver is arranged on the welding table, a welding wire emitter is arranged on the side edge of the laser welding head, a fixing assembly for fixing the forming die is arranged on the welding table, an ultrasonic preheating assembly is arranged on the side edge of the fixing assembly, and an induction coil is further arranged above the fixing assembly and at a position close to the forming die.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of laser welding, in particular to ultrasonic wave preheating laser welding equipment for welding aluminum-based composite materials.
Background
The existing laser heating brazing abrasive particle technology is that the temperature of a to-be-heated area is quickly heated from room temperature to above the melting temperature of active brazing filler metal through a laser beam, then the to-be-heated area is quickly cooled to a cooling room temperature, the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the laser heating area is too large (up to above 900 ℃), rapid heating and rapid cooling not only bring strong thermal shock to the abrasive particle, but also leave huge welding residual stress on the abrasive particle, and as a result, the defects are in theory.
The method and the device for preparing the abrasive grain grinding wheel by ultrasonic-assisted induction preheating laser brazing of the currently disclosed China patent CN201610365248.7 comprise the following steps: the device comprises a protection cavity system, a rotating shaft, an ultrasonic loading system, an induction heating system and a laser heating system; a grinding wheel to be welded is fixed on the rotating shaft; an induction coil of the induction heating system is close to the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel to be welded, and the distance between the induction coil and the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel to be welded is smaller than the effective heating distance of the induction coil; the laser beam light spot of the laser heating system is focused on the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel to be welded and is positioned behind the induction coil along the rotation direction of the rotating shaft; the loading point at the tail end of the ultrasonic amplitude transformer in the ultrasonic loading system is positioned on the side surface of the grinding wheel of the laser beam spot focusing action area; the grinding wheel to be welded, the induction coil, the laser beam light spot and the ultrasonic loading point are positioned in a protection cavity of the atmosphere protection system.
According to the above patent, the above patent prevents the growth of the crystal grains and refines the crystal grains by using ultrasonic high-frequency stirring, relieves the structural stress, and performs high-temperature vibration aging treatment by means of ultrasonic high-frequency vibration, so as to promote the solder alloy to creep and generate micro-yielding flow, relieve the thermal stress, so as to reduce the formation of residual stress from the source, and achieve the preheating effect.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the ultrasonic preheating laser welding equipment for welding the aluminum-based composite material is provided.
The invention provides ultrasonic preheating laser welding equipment for welding aluminum-based composite materials, which comprises a welding machine body, wherein a welding table is arranged at the side of the welding machine body, a laser welding head is arranged above the welding table on the welding machine body, a linear driver for driving the laser welding head to move is arranged on the welding machine body, a forming die for placing an aluminum substrate and a metal material is arranged on the welding table, a displacement driver for driving the forming die to move is arranged on the welding table, a welding wire emitter is arranged on the side edge of the laser welding head, a connecting frame for fixing the welding wire emitter is arranged on the laser welding head, a fixing component for fixing the forming die is arranged on the welding table, an ultrasonic preheating component is arranged on the side edge of the fixing component, the ultrasonic preheating component is in contact with the forming die, an induction coil is further arranged above the fixing component and near the forming die, a supporting frame for fixing the induction coil is arranged on the laser welding head, and the induction coil is horizontally arranged in front of the laser welding head in the moving direction of the welding table.
Preferably, the ultrasonic preheating assembly is provided with a first ultrasonic vibrator and a second ultrasonic vibrator, the first ultrasonic vibrator and the second ultrasonic vibrator are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the forming die, working ends of the first ultrasonic vibrator and the second ultrasonic vibrator are abutted against the side edges of the forming die, movable connecting pieces are arranged on the displacement driver and located at the positions of the first ultrasonic vibrator and the second ultrasonic vibrator, the first ultrasonic vibrator and the second ultrasonic vibrator are respectively connected to the corresponding movable connecting pieces, the working ends of the first ultrasonic vibrator and the second ultrasonic vibrator can move along the edge direction of the forming die, synchronous connecting pieces matched and connected with the first ultrasonic vibrator and the second ultrasonic vibrator are arranged on the laser welding head, and when the laser welding head moves along the welding line, the working ends of the first ultrasonic vibrator and the second ultrasonic vibrator are in a state of moving along the edge of the forming die.
Preferably, the working ends of the first ultrasonic vibrator and the second ultrasonic vibrator are respectively provided with a shaft joint part, the shaft joint parts are rotatably provided with rollers, and the rollers are abutted against the edge of the forming die.
Preferably, the movable connecting piece is provided with a slide way, the slide way is fixedly connected on the displacement driver, the length direction of the slide way is perpendicular to the edge length direction of the forming die, a sliding block is slidably arranged in the slide way, a lantern ring which is sleeved with the corresponding first ultrasonic vibrator and the second ultrasonic vibrator is arranged on the sliding block, a shaft hole is formed in the sliding block from top to bottom in a penetrating mode, and a rotating shaft which is rotatably inserted in the shaft hole is arranged on the lantern ring.
Preferably, the bottom of the slide way is provided with a long rod along the length direction of the slide way, the slide block is sleeved on the long rod through an opening, and a first spring sleeved on the long rod is fixedly connected between the outer end of the slide way and the slide block.
Preferably, the synchronous linkage member is provided with a shaft lever, one end of the shaft lever is connected with the axle center of the roller in an axial way, the other end of the shaft lever extends upwards vertically, the support frame is provided with a bar which is horizontally connected with the support frame in an integrated manner, the length direction of the bar is parallel to the length direction of the slideway, a bar-shaped opening is formed in the bar along the length direction of the bar, the upper end of the shaft lever penetrates through the bar-shaped opening to extend upwards, and the upper end of the shaft lever is further provided with a columnar end head with the diameter larger than the width of the bar-shaped opening.
Preferably, the forming die is composed of a first module and a second module, a cavity for accommodating the aluminum base material and the metal material is formed between the first module and the second module, and the first module and the second module are arranged in the fixing assembly.
Preferably, the fixing assembly is provided with a pair of limit strakes, the pair of limit strakes are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the forming die, and the symmetrical direction of the pair of limit strakes is perpendicular to the distribution direction between the aluminum base material and the metal material.
Preferably, the fixing assembly is further provided with corner clamps, the corner clamps are four, the four corner clamps are respectively arranged at corners of the first module and the second module and are located in a pair of limiting strakes, each corner clamp is provided with a first guide rod which penetrates through the end part of the corresponding limiting strake and extends outwards, a second spring sleeved on the first guide rod is fixedly connected between the limiting strake and the corner clamps, and the length direction of the first guide rod is parallel to the length direction of the strip rod.
Preferably, the fixing assembly is further provided with a pair of pressing plates, the pair of pressing plates are symmetrically arranged at the end part of the forming die, each pressing plate corresponds to the first module and the second module respectively, each pressing plate is in contact with the upper surfaces of the first module and the second module respectively, the limiting edge strip is provided with a second guide rod which penetrates through each pressing plate and extends outwards, the length direction of the second guide rod is perpendicular to the length direction of the first guide rod, the end part of the second guide rod is provided with an anti-dropping ring, and a third spring sleeved on the second guide rod is fixedly connected between the anti-dropping ring and the limiting edge strip.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the beneficial effects that:
1. According to the invention, the induction coil and the ultrasonic preheating component preheat the welding seam between the aluminum base material and the metal material, so that the surface of the welding seam reaches the pre-welding temperature, the welding quality is effectively improved, and simultaneously, the welded part is subjected to thermal stress release, the formation of residual stress is reduced, the welding formation of the aluminum-based composite material is realized, and the welding effect is improved.
2. According to the invention, the working ends of the first ultrasonic vibrator and the second ultrasonic vibrator move along the edge of the forming die, so that the laser welding head drives the first ultrasonic vibrator and the second ultrasonic vibrator to move together through the synchronous linkage piece in the moving process, each position of the welding seam can reach a preheating state before welding, the welding between the aluminum base material and the metal material is realized, the welding effect is improved, and the quality of the aluminum base composite material is ensured.
3. According to the invention, through the arrangement of the rollers at the working ends of the first ultrasonic vibrator and the second ultrasonic vibrator, the rollers can conveniently move along the edge of the forming die, the movement is kept smooth, friction is reduced, the first ultrasonic vibrator and the second ultrasonic vibrator can effectively vibrate an aluminum base material and a metal material, the preheating effect between the first ultrasonic vibrator and the second ultrasonic vibrator is ensured, and the welding quality is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an ultrasonic wave preheating laser welding apparatus for welding an aluminum-based composite material.
Fig. 2 is a partial perspective view of a cross-sectional structure of an ultrasonic wave preheating laser welding apparatus for welding an aluminum-based composite material.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a partial perspective view of an ultrasonic wave preheating laser welding apparatus for welding an aluminum-based composite material.
Fig. 4 is a bottom view of a schematic partial perspective view of an ultrasonic preheating laser welding apparatus for welding aluminum-based composite materials.
Fig. 5 is a front view showing a partial perspective view of a schematic structure of an ultrasonic wave preheating laser welding apparatus for welding an aluminum-based composite material.
Fig. 6 is a partial perspective view of the fig. 3 structure in section.
Fig. 7 is a partial perspective view of the second perspective structure of fig. 3.
Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view at A-A of fig. 5.
Fig. 9 is an enlarged schematic view at B of fig. 6.
Fig. 10 is an enlarged schematic view at C of fig. 7.
The reference numerals in the figures are:
1-welding a machine body; 11-a linear drive; 2-a welding table; 21-a displacement driver; 3-a laser welding head; 31-a welding wire emitter; 32-connecting frames; 4-forming a mold; 41-a first module; 42-a second module; 5-fixing the assembly; 51-limiting edge strips; 52-corner clips; 521-a first guide bar; 522-a second spring; 53-pressing plate; 531-a second guide bar; 5311-anticreep ring; 532—a third spring; 6-an ultrasonic preheating assembly; 61-a first ultrasonic vibrator; 611-a shaft connection; 612-a roller; 62-a second ultrasonic vibrator; 63-a movable connection; 631-a slideway; 6311-long bar; 6312-first spring; 632-sliders; 633-collar; 6331-spindle; 64-synchronization linkage; 641-shaft; 642-cylindrical ends; 7-an induction coil; 71-a supporting frame; 72-bar; 8-an aluminum substrate; 9-metal material.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described in detail with reference to the drawings and the detailed description below, in order to further understand the features and technical means of the invention and the specific objects and functions achieved.
Referring to fig. 1-8, an ultrasonic wave preheating laser welding device for welding aluminum matrix composite materials comprises a welding machine body 1, a welding table 2 is arranged at the side of the welding machine body 1, a laser welding head 3 is arranged above the welding table 2 on the welding machine body 1, a linear driver 11 for driving the laser welding head 3 to move is arranged on the welding machine body 1, a forming die 4 for placing an aluminum base material 8 and a metal material 9 is arranged on the welding table 2, a displacement driver 21 for driving the forming die 4 to move is arranged on the welding table 2, a welding wire emitter 31 is arranged on the side edge of the laser welding head 3, a connecting frame 32 for fixing the welding wire emitter 31 is arranged on the laser welding head 3, a fixing component 5 for fixing the forming die 4 is arranged on the welding table 2, an ultrasonic wave preheating component 6 is arranged on the side edge of the fixing component 5, the ultrasonic wave preheating component 6 is in contact with the forming die 4, an induction coil 7 is further arranged above the fixing component 5 and near the position of the forming die 4, a supporting frame 71 for fixing the induction coil 7 is arranged on the laser welding head 3, the induction coil 7 is horizontally arranged, and the induction coil 7 is positioned in front of the moving direction of the laser welding head 3.
In the process of welding the aluminum-based composite material, the aluminum-based composite material is obtained by welding the aluminum base material 8 and the metal material 9 together, firstly, the forming die 4 is placed on the displacement driver 21 and is positioned in the fixing assembly 5, then the aluminum base material 8 and the metal material 9 are butted and then placed in the cavity of the forming die 4, the forming die 4 is fixed through the fixing assembly 5, so that the aluminum base material 8 and the metal material 9 are in a stable state in the forming die 4, along with the adjustment of the position of the forming die 4 by the displacement driver 21, the butted welding seam between the aluminum base material 8 and the metal material 9 is positioned on the moving track line of the laser welding head 3, the welding seam and the welding track are kept collinear, along with the welding seam welding process of the laser welding head 3 driven by the linear driver 11, the induction coil 7 and the ultrasonic preheating assembly 6 are positioned in front of the welding moving direction of the laser welding head 3, therefore, the induction coil 7 heats the welding seam of the aluminum base material 8 and the metal material 9 firstly, simultaneously, the ultrasonic preheating assembly 6 is started, the ultrasonic preheating effect is utilized to promote the preheating effect, simultaneously, the welded seam is carried out by the high-frequency effect until the heat stress is released, the welded and the welded seam is effectively, and the welding seam 31 is completely matched with the aluminum-based composite material, and the welding seam 31 is welded.
Referring to fig. 1-8, the ultrasonic preheating component 6 is provided with a first ultrasonic vibrator 61 and a second ultrasonic vibrator 62, the first ultrasonic vibrator 61 and the second ultrasonic vibrator 62 are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the forming die 4, working ends of the first ultrasonic vibrator 61 and the second ultrasonic vibrator 62 are abutted against sides of the forming die 4, movable connectors 63 are arranged on the displacement driver 21 and at positions of the first ultrasonic vibrator 61 and the second ultrasonic vibrator 62, the first ultrasonic vibrator 61 and the second ultrasonic vibrator 62 are respectively connected to the corresponding movable connectors 63, working ends of the first ultrasonic vibrator 61 and the second ultrasonic vibrator 62 can move along an edge direction of the forming die 4, a synchronous linkage 64 which is cooperatively connected with the first ultrasonic vibrator 61 and the second ultrasonic vibrator 62 is arranged on the laser welding head 3, and when the laser welding head 3 moves along a welding line, the working ends of the first ultrasonic vibrator 61 and the second ultrasonic vibrator 62 are in a state of moving along an edge of the forming die 4.
When the ultrasonic preheating component 6 preheats the aluminum base material 8 and the metal material 9, the first ultrasonic vibrator 61 and the second ultrasonic vibrator 62 simultaneously vibrate the edge of the forming die 4 at a high frequency by ultrasonic waves, heat is generated by friction between the first ultrasonic vibrator 61 and the second ultrasonic vibrator 62, and accordingly the pre-welding heat is achieved, in order to ensure that each part of the aluminum base material 8 and the metal material 9 can effectively achieve the preheating effect, the first ultrasonic vibrator 61 and the second ultrasonic vibrator 62 are connected through the movable connecting piece 63, the working ends of the first ultrasonic vibrator 61 and the second ultrasonic vibrator 62 can move along the edge of the forming die 4 along with the welding line, the working ends of the first ultrasonic vibrator 61 and the second ultrasonic vibrator 62 and the laser head 3 are synchronously moved along the edge of the forming die 4, the high frequency vibration is achieved between the aluminum base material 8 and the metal material 9, the pre-welding effect can be achieved when the butt welding stress is released, and the pre-welding effect can be achieved at the position of each part of the aluminum base material 9.
Referring to fig. 3 to 8, the working ends of the first ultrasonic vibrator 61 and the second ultrasonic vibrator 62 each have a shaft coupling portion 611, and a roller 612 is rotatably provided on the shaft coupling portion 611, and the roller 612 abuts against the edge of the forming die 4.
When the first ultrasonic vibrator 61 and the second ultrasonic vibrator 62 move along the edge of the forming die 4, the working ends of the first ultrasonic vibrator 61 and the second ultrasonic vibrator 62 are provided with the rollers 612, so that the working ends of the first ultrasonic vibrator 61 and the second ultrasonic vibrator 62 are abutted against the edge of the forming die 4 through the rollers 612, the movement of the first ultrasonic vibrator 61 and the second ultrasonic vibrator 62 is facilitated, and the high-frequency vibration of the first ultrasonic vibrator 61 and the second ultrasonic vibrator 62 to the aluminum base material 8 and the metal material 9 is facilitated.
Referring to fig. 3-9, the movable connecting member 63 is provided with a slide track 631, the slide track 631 is fixedly connected to the displacement driver 21, the length direction of the slide track 631 is perpendicular to the edge length direction of the forming die 4, a slide block 632 is slidably arranged in the slide track 631, a sleeve ring 633 in which the first ultrasonic vibrator 61 and the second ultrasonic vibrator 62 are sleeved is arranged on the slide block 632, a shaft hole is formed in the slide block 632 from top to bottom in a penetrating manner, and a rotating shaft 6331 which is rotatably inserted in the shaft hole is arranged on the sleeve ring 633.
During the movement of the first and second ultrasonic vibrators 61, 62, since the first and second ultrasonic vibrators 61, 62 are fitted into the collar 633 and the collar 633 is rotatably provided on the slide 632 by the rotation shaft 6331, the first and second ultrasonic vibrators 61, 62 can rotate on the corresponding slide 632, and since the slide 632 is slidably provided in the slide 631, the working ends of the first and second ultrasonic vibrators 61, 62 can normally move in the edge direction of the molding die 4, the first and second ultrasonic vibrators 61, 62 are in an inclined state when the working ends of the first and second ultrasonic vibrators 61, 62 are abutted against the front end position to be welded of the molding die 4, and the first and second ultrasonic vibrators 61, 62 are in a state perpendicular to the edge of the molding die 4 when the working ends of the first and second ultrasonic vibrators 61, 62 are abutted against the intersection point position of the track 631 parallel to the molding die 4, and the first and second ultrasonic vibrators 61, 62 are in an inclined state when the working ends of the first and second ultrasonic vibrators 61, 62 are abutted against the first and second ultrasonic vibrators 61, 62 are in an inclined state again when the working ends of the first and second ultrasonic vibrators 62 are abutted against the molding die 4.
Referring to fig. 3-9, a long rod 6311 is arranged at the bottom of the slide 631 along the length direction thereof, the slide 632 is sleeved on the long rod 6311 through an opening, and a first spring 6312 sleeved on the long rod 6311 is fixedly connected between the outer end of the slide 631 and the slide 632.
When the slide block 632 moves in the slide track 631 by the driving of the collar 633, the first spring 6312 is in a compressed state, and the first spring 6312 is in a state of pressing against the slide block 632, so that the rollers 612 at the working ends of the first ultrasonic vibrator 61 and the second ultrasonic vibrator 62 are kept in a state of always abutting against the edge of the forming die 4.
Referring to fig. 3-10, the synchronous linkage 64 is provided with a shaft 641, one end of the shaft 641 is axially connected to the axle center of the roller 612, the other end of the shaft 641 extends vertically upwards, the support 71 is provided with a bar 72 integrally connected with the bar 72 in a horizontal state, the length direction of the bar 72 is parallel to the length direction of the slide 631, a bar opening is formed in the bar 72 along the length direction, the upper end of the shaft 641 extends upwards through the bar opening, and the upper end of the shaft 641 is further provided with a columnar end 642 with a diameter larger than the width of the bar opening.
When the laser welding head 3 moves, the supporting frame 71 is driven to move, and the supporting frame 71 is provided with the bar 72, and the shaft lever 641 coaxially connected with the roller 612 is inserted into the bar opening of the bar 72, so that the movement of the supporting frame 71 pushes the shaft lever 641, indirectly pushes the first ultrasonic vibrator 61 and the second ultrasonic vibrator 62, promotes the movement of the first ultrasonic vibrator 61 and the second ultrasonic vibrator 62 in the collar 633, keeps the roller 612 at the working ends of the first ultrasonic vibrator 61 and the second ultrasonic vibrator 62 continuously moving along the edge of the forming die 4 along with the continuous advancing of the laser welding head 3 along the welding seam, and effectively promotes the first ultrasonic vibrator 61 and the second ultrasonic vibrator 62 to vibrate each part of the aluminum base material 8 and the metal material 9 at high frequency, thereby achieving the preheating effect.
Referring to fig. 1 to 8, the molding die 4 is composed of a first die block 41 and a second die block 42, a cavity for accommodating the aluminum base material 8 and the metal material 9 is formed between the first die block 41 and the second die block 42, and the first die block 41 and the second die block 42 are provided in the fixing member 5.
When the aluminum base material 8 and the metal material 9 are placed, the cavity of the forming die 4 is designed according to the shape of the aluminum base composite material, the first module 41 and the second module 42 are produced, the first module 41 and the second module 42 are butted to form the cavity for the aluminum base material 8 and the metal material 9 to be butted, the first module 41 and the second module 42 are butted to be placed in the fixing assembly 5, and the butted state between the first module 41 and the second module 42 is kept through the fixing assembly 5, so that the butted state between the aluminum base material 8 and the metal material 9 is stabilized, and the forming die 4 is convenient to replace.
Referring to fig. 1 to 8, the fixing assembly 5 is provided with a pair of limit strips 51, the pair of limit strips 51 are symmetrically arranged at both sides of the forming die 4, and the symmetrical direction of the pair of limit strips 51 is perpendicular to the distribution direction between the aluminum base material 8 and the metal material 9.
When the first module 41 and the second module 42 are limited, the first module 41 and the second module 42 cannot horizontally move in a staggered manner by limiting the first module 41 and the second module 42 by the pair of limiting edges 51, so that incomplete welding is avoided.
Referring to fig. 1-8, the fixing assembly 5 is further provided with corner clips 52, the corner clips 52 are provided with four corner clips 52, the four corner clips 52 are respectively disposed at corners of the first module 41 and the second module 42 and are located in a pair of limiting bars 51, each corner clip 52 is provided with a first guiding bar 521 extending outwards through an end portion of the corresponding limiting bar 51, a second spring 522 sleeved on the first guiding bar 521 is fixedly connected between the limiting bar 51 and the corner clip 52, and the length direction of the first guiding bar 521 is parallel to the length direction of the bar 72.
While maintaining the butted state between the first module 41 and the second module 42, the first module 41 and the second module 42 are clamped therein by the four corner clamps 52, and the abutting force is maintained by the second spring 522 to the corner clamps 52, causing the first module 41 and the second module 42 to be pressed together, thereby ensuring a tight weld between the aluminum base material 8 and the metal material 9.
Referring to fig. 1-8, the fixing assembly 5 is further provided with a pair of pressing plates 53, the pair of pressing plates 53 are symmetrically arranged at the end parts of the forming mold 4, each pressing plate 53 corresponds to the first module 41 and the second module 42, each pressing plate 53 contacts with the upper surfaces of the first module 41 and the second module 42, the limiting edge strip 51 is provided with a second guide rod 531 extending outwards through each pressing plate 53, the length direction of the second guide rod 531 is perpendicular to the length direction of the first guide rod 521, the end part of the second guide rod 531 is provided with an anti-disengaging ring 5311, and a third spring 532 sleeved on the second guide rod 531 is fixedly connected between the anti-disengaging ring 5311 and the limiting edge strip 51.
When restricting the vertical movement of the aluminum base material 8 and the metal material 9, the pressing plate 53 is used for pressing the aluminum base material 8 and the metal material 9, so that the situation that the aluminum base material 8 and the metal material 9 are staggered up and down is avoided, the first ultrasonic vibrator 61 and the second ultrasonic vibrator 62 are prevented from shaking up and down when vibrating, the aluminum base material 8 and the metal material 9 are prevented from shaking up and down, and the pressing plate 53 is kept under the pressing force by the third spring 532.
According to the invention, the induction coil 7 and the ultrasonic preheating component 6 preheat the welding seam between the aluminum base material 8 and the metal material 9, so that the surface of the welding seam reaches the pre-welding temperature, the welding quality is effectively improved, and meanwhile, the welded part is subjected to thermal stress release, the formation of residual stress is reduced, and the welding effect is improved.
The foregoing examples merely illustrate one or more embodiments of the invention, which are described in greater detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. Be used for aluminium base combined material welded ultrasonic wave to preheat laser welding equipment, including welding organism (1), the side of welding organism (1) is equipped with welding bench (2), welding organism (1) is gone up and be located the top of welding bench (2) and be equipped with laser welding head (3), be equipped with on welding organism (1) and be used for driving sharp driver (11) that laser welding head (3) removed, be equipped with on welding bench (2) and supply aluminium base substrate (8) and metal material (9) to place forming die (4), be equipped with on welding bench (2) and be used for driving displacement driver (21) that forming die (4) removed, the side of laser welding head (3) is equipped with welding wire emitter (31), be equipped with on laser welding head (3) and supply welding wire emitter (31) fixed link (32), characterized in that, be equipped with on welding bench (2) and be used for fixing forming die (4) fixed subassembly (5), the side of fixed subassembly (5) is equipped with ultrasonic wave preheating subassembly (6), ultrasonic wave preheating subassembly (6) and forming die (4) contact, the top of fixed subassembly (5) and the position that is close to forming die (4) are equipped with induction coil (7) on the welding head (71), the induction coil (7) is horizontally arranged, and the induction coil (7) is positioned in front of the moving direction of the laser welding head (3) towards the welding table (2).
2. The ultrasonic preheating laser welding equipment for welding aluminum matrix composite according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic preheating component (6) is provided with a first ultrasonic vibrator (61) and a second ultrasonic vibrator (62), the first ultrasonic vibrator (61) and the second ultrasonic vibrator (62) are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the forming die (4), working ends of the first ultrasonic vibrator (61) and the second ultrasonic vibrator (62) are abutted against the side edge of the forming die (4), the displacement driver (21) is arranged at the position of the first ultrasonic vibrator (61) and the second ultrasonic vibrator (62) and are respectively provided with a movable connecting piece (63), the first ultrasonic vibrator (61) and the second ultrasonic vibrator (62) are respectively connected to the corresponding movable connecting pieces (63), the working ends of the first ultrasonic vibrator (61) and the second ultrasonic vibrator (62) can move along the edge direction of the forming die (4), the laser welding head (3) is provided with a movable connecting piece (64) matched with the first ultrasonic vibrator (61) and the second ultrasonic vibrator (62) in the synchronous moving process along the welding seam, the working ends of the first ultrasonic vibrator (61) and the second ultrasonic vibrator (62) are in a state of moving along the edge of the molding die (4).
3. The ultrasonic wave preheating laser welding apparatus for welding of aluminum-based composite materials according to claim 2, characterized in that the working ends of the first ultrasonic vibrator (61) and the second ultrasonic vibrator (62) are each provided with a shaft joint part (611), a roller (612) is rotatably provided on the shaft joint part (611), and the roller (612) abuts against the edge of the forming die (4).
4. The ultrasonic wave preheating laser welding equipment for welding aluminum matrix composite materials according to claim 2, wherein the movable connecting piece (63) is provided with a slide rail (631), the slide rail (631) is fixedly connected to the displacement driver (21), the length direction of the slide rail (631) is perpendicular to the edge length direction of the forming die (4), a sliding block (632) is slidably arranged in the slide rail (631), the sliding block (632) is provided with a sleeve ring (633) which is sleeved with the corresponding first ultrasonic vibrator (61) and the second ultrasonic vibrator (62), the sliding block (632) is provided with a shaft hole from top to bottom, and the sleeve ring (633) is provided with a rotating shaft (6331) which is rotatably inserted in the shaft hole.
5. The ultrasonic wave preheating laser welding equipment for welding aluminum matrix composite materials according to claim 4, wherein a long rod (6311) is arranged at the bottom of the slide way (631) along the length direction of the slide way, the slide block (632) is sleeved on the long rod (6311) through an opening, and a first spring (6312) sleeved on the long rod (6311) is fixedly connected between the outer end of the slide way (631) and the slide block (632).
6. The ultrasonic wave preheats laser welding equipment for aluminium base combined material welding according to claim 1, characterized in that, synchronous linkage piece (64) is equipped with axostylus axostyle (641), the axle center at gyro wheel (612) is articulated to the one end of axostylus axostyle (641), the other end of axostylus axostyle (641) is vertical upwards to extend, bar (72) that is horizontal state and its body coupling are had on support frame (71), the length direction of bar (72) is parallel to the length direction of slide (631), bar mouth has been seted up along its length direction on bar (72), the upper end of axostylus axostyle (641) is upwards stretched out through the bar mouth, and the upper end of axostylus axostyle (641) still is equipped with diameter columnar end (642) that is greater than bar mouth width.
7. Ultrasonic wave preheating laser welding apparatus for welding of aluminium based composite materials according to claim 1, characterized in that the forming mould (4) is constituted by a first module (41) and a second module (42), between which a cavity is formed for accommodating the aluminium base material (8) and the metal material (9), the first module (41) and the second module (42) being arranged in the fixed assembly (5).
8. The ultrasonic wave preheating laser welding apparatus for welding of aluminum-based composite materials according to claim 1, wherein the fixing assembly (5) is provided with a pair of limit strips (51), the pair of limit strips (51) are symmetrically arranged at both sides of the forming die (4), and the symmetrical direction of the pair of limit strips (51) is perpendicular to the distribution direction between the aluminum base material (8) and the metal material (9).
9. The ultrasonic wave preheating laser welding equipment for welding of aluminum-based composite materials according to claim 8, wherein the fixing component (5) is further provided with corner clamps (52), the corner clamps (52) are four, the four corner clamps (52) are respectively arranged at the corners of the first module (41) and the second module (42) and are positioned in a pair of limit strakes (51), each corner clamp (52) is provided with a first guide rod (521) which penetrates through the end part of the corresponding limit strakes (51) and extends outwards, a second spring (522) sleeved on the first guide rod (521) is fixedly connected between the limit strakes (51) and the corner clamps (52), and the length direction of the first guide rod (521) is parallel to the length direction of the strip rod (72).
10. The ultrasonic wave preheats laser welding equipment for aluminium base combined material welding according to claim 8, wherein, fixed subassembly (5) still is equipped with a pair of clamp plate (53), a pair of clamp plate (53) symmetry sets up the tip at forming die (4), every clamp plate (53) corresponds first module (41) and second module (42) respectively, every clamp plate (53) respectively with the upper surface contact of first module (41) and second module (42), be equipped with on spacing strake (51) and pass second guide bar (531) of outwards extending of every clamp plate (53), the length direction of second guide bar (531) is perpendicular to the length direction of first guide bar (521), the tip of second guide bar (531) is equipped with anticreep ring (5311), the third spring (532) of fixedly connected with cover on second guide bar (531) between anticreep ring (5311) and the spacing strake (51).
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