CN118010279A - A method and system for detecting impact explosion of cable joints - Google Patents
A method and system for detecting impact explosion of cable joints Download PDFInfo
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- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
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- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/1209—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing using acoustic measurements
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/1227—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials
- G01R31/1263—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation
- G01R31/1272—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation of cable, line or wire insulation, e.g. using partial discharge measurements
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- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
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Abstract
Description
技术领域Technical Field
本发明涉及电力系统领域，更具体的，涉及一种用于电缆接头的冲击爆炸检测方法及系统。The present invention relates to the field of power systems, and more specifically, to a method and system for detecting impact explosions of cable joints.
背景技术Background technique
电力电缆是输电线路中电能传输的重要设备，通常以隧道、排管、排架方式铺设，由于粗暴安装、长途运输以及长期载荷等因素，致使高压电缆接头电场畸变、绝缘性能劣化，最终发生高压电缆芯线与外屏蔽层/接地侧之间连接，引发工频电弧放电乃至爆炸或火灾。Power cables are important equipment for transmitting electric energy in transmission lines. They are usually laid in tunnels, pipes, and racks. Due to factors such as rough installation, long-distance transportation, and long-term loads, the electric field of high-voltage cable joints is distorted and the insulation performance deteriorates. Eventually, the high-voltage cable core wire is connected to the outer shielding layer/ground side, causing power frequency arc discharge and even explosion or fire.
为了防止高压电缆短路故障引发爆炸造成的火灾影响以及其它次生事故，诸多研究机构和企业开始研究和设计具有防爆外壳的高压电缆中间接头，防爆外壳的耐冲击强度通常采用一定当量的炸药进行防爆性能试验。随着计算机模拟技术的发展，带有防爆外壳的高压电缆中间接头在工频电流电弧作用下的防爆特性可以通过仿真计算获得，只是这方面的研究文献公开不多。重要的是，无论是炸药爆炸试验，还是计算机模拟计算，均没有综合考虑到高压电缆实际运行的电磁环境，致使现有无法为带有防爆外壳的高压电缆中间接头的防爆结构设计提供确切的爆炸冲击力数据和设计方案的可行性验证。In order to prevent the fire caused by the explosion caused by the short-circuit fault of the high-voltage cable and other secondary accidents, many research institutions and enterprises have begun to study and design high-voltage cable intermediate joints with explosion-proof shells. The impact strength of the explosion-proof shell is usually tested with a certain amount of explosives for explosion-proof performance. With the development of computer simulation technology, the explosion-proof characteristics of the high-voltage cable intermediate joint with an explosion-proof shell under the action of the power frequency current arc can be obtained through simulation calculation, but there are not many research documents in this regard. It is important that neither the explosive explosion test nor the computer simulation calculation comprehensively considers the electromagnetic environment of the actual operation of the high-voltage cable, resulting in the inability to provide accurate explosion impact force data and feasibility verification of the design scheme for the explosion-proof structure design of the high-voltage cable intermediate joint with an explosion-proof shell.
针对上述问题，亟需一种用于电缆接头的冲击爆炸检测方法及系统。In view of the above problems, there is an urgent need for an impact explosion detection method and system for cable joints.
发明内容Summary of the invention
为解决现有技术中存在的不足，本发明提供一种用于电缆接头的冲击爆炸检测方法及系统，通过冲击模拟电源、工频电源模拟存在冲击电压的故障线路，通过压电传感器监测所述防爆外壳的爆炸冲击力。In order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an impact explosion detection method and system for cable joints, which simulates a fault line with an impact voltage through an impact simulation power supply and an industrial frequency power supply, and monitors the explosion impact force of the explosion-proof casing through a piezoelectric sensor.
本发明采用如下的技术方案。The present invention adopts the following technical solution.
本发明第一方面，涉及一种用于电缆接头的冲击爆炸检测方法，方法包括以下步骤：将冲击模拟电源、工频电源同时接入电缆接头的两侧以模拟存在冲击电压的故障线路，并在电缆接头外部装配防爆外壳；利用电压、电流传感器反馈电缆接头的工作状态，并基于工作状态调整所述冲击模拟电源的输出参数；通过压电传感器监测所述防爆外壳的爆炸冲击力。The first aspect of the present invention relates to a method for detecting impact explosions in cable joints, the method comprising the following steps: simultaneously connecting an impact simulation power supply and an industrial frequency power supply to both sides of the cable joint to simulate a fault line with an impact voltage, and installing an explosion-proof housing on the outside of the cable joint; using voltage and current sensors to feedback the working status of the cable joint, and adjusting the output parameters of the impact simulation power supply based on the working status; and monitoring the explosion impact force of the explosion-proof housing by a piezoelectric sensor.
优选的，冲击模拟电源为可控信号强度、可调时间参数的脉冲电压源；工频电源为可控信号强度的工频电流源。Preferably, the impulse simulation power supply is a pulse voltage source with controllable signal strength and adjustable time parameters; the industrial frequency power supply is an industrial frequency current source with controllable signal strength.
优选的，冲击模拟电源包括第一可调高压充电单元DC1、储能电容C11、放电开关G11、稳压单元；其中，第一可调高压充电单元DC1通过电阻RC1并联在储能电容C11的两侧；储能电容C11通过放电开关G1向稳压单元放电，且稳压单元并联至电缆接头的两侧。Preferably, the impact simulation power supply includes a first adjustable high-voltage charging unit DC1, an energy storage capacitor C11, a discharge switch G11, and a voltage stabilizing unit; wherein the first adjustable high-voltage charging unit DC1 is connected in parallel on both sides of the energy storage capacitor C11 through a resistor RC1; the energy storage capacitor C11 discharges to the voltage stabilizing unit through the discharge switch G1, and the voltage stabilizing unit is connected in parallel to both sides of the cable connector.
优选的，工频电源包括第二可调高压充电单元DC2、储能电容C2、放电开关G2、稳流电容L；其中，第二可调高压充电单元DC2通过电阻RC2并联在储能电容C2的两侧；储能电容C2通过放电开关G2和稳流电容L并联至所述电缆接头的两侧。Preferably, the industrial frequency power supply includes a second adjustable high-voltage charging unit DC2, an energy storage capacitor C2, a discharge switch G2, and a current-stabilizing capacitor L; wherein the second adjustable high-voltage charging unit DC2 is connected in parallel on both sides of the energy storage capacitor C2 through a resistor RC2; the energy storage capacitor C2 is connected in parallel to both sides of the cable connector through the discharge switch G2 and the current-stabilizing capacitor L.
优选的，储能电容C2通过放电开关G2和稳流电容L并联至电缆接头的两侧，还包括：储能电容C2、放电开关G2、稳流电容L、所述电缆接头所在的回路上，还套接电流传感器。Preferably, the energy storage capacitor C2 is connected in parallel to both sides of the cable connector through the discharge switch G2 and the current stabilizing capacitor L, and also includes: the energy storage capacitor C2, the discharge switch G2, the current stabilizing capacitor L, and the loop where the cable connector is located, and a current sensor is also connected.
优选的，将冲击模拟电源、工频电源同时接入所述电缆接头的两侧，还包括：电缆接头的两侧分别构成注入端和回流端，注入端和回流端的一侧位于防爆外壳内；注入端和回流端的另一侧分别固定有金属连接板，且冲击模拟电源、工频电源和电压传感器，通过金属连接板并联在电缆接头的两侧。Preferably, the impact simulation power supply and the industrial frequency power supply are simultaneously connected to both sides of the cable connector, and also include: the two sides of the cable connector respectively constitute an injection end and a return end, and one side of the injection end and the return end is located in an explosion-proof casing; the other side of the injection end and the return end is respectively fixed with a metal connecting plate, and the impact simulation power supply, the industrial frequency power supply and the voltage sensor are connected in parallel on both sides of the cable connector through the metal connecting plate.
优选的，电缆接头和压电传感器安装于爆炸检测试验平台上；并且，电缆接头上设置有冲击爆炸力检测端，且冲击爆炸力检测端通过传递杆穿过屏蔽外壳与压电传感器接触式连接。Preferably, the cable connector and the piezoelectric sensor are installed on an explosion detection test platform; and an impact explosion force detection end is provided on the cable connector, and the impact explosion force detection end is contact-connected with the piezoelectric sensor through a transmission rod passing through the shielding shell.
优选的，预先测试电缆接头的击穿电压，并将所述冲击模拟电源的额定电压设置在击穿电压以上；可调高压充电单元DC1的电压调节范围为冲击模拟电源的额定电压的30％至100％。Preferably, the breakdown voltage of the cable connector is tested in advance, and the rated voltage of the impact simulation power supply is set above the breakdown voltage; the voltage adjustment range of the adjustable high-voltage charging unit DC1 is 30% to 100% of the rated voltage of the impact simulation power supply.
优选的，可调高压充电单元DC1，用于模拟1.2V/50μs的雷电冲击电压波形和250V/2500μs的电力设备操作冲击电压波形。Preferably, the adjustable high-voltage charging unit DC1 is used to simulate a lightning impulse voltage waveform of 1.2V/50μs and a power equipment operation impulse voltage waveform of 250V/2500μs.
优选的，利用电压、电流传感器反馈所述电缆接头的工作状态，并基于所述工作状态调整所述冲击模拟电源的输出参数，还包括：通过第一可调高压充电单元DC1、第二可调高压充电单元DC2分别向所述储能电容C11、储能电容C2充电；测量储能电容C11、储能电容C2的电压，并在所述储能电容C11、储能电容C2达到预设电压时候，分别通过放电脉冲控制放电开关G11、放电开关G2的通断状态，以实现冲击模拟电压、工频电流的输出。Preferably, the working state of the cable connector is fed back by voltage and current sensors, and the output parameters of the impact simulation power supply are adjusted based on the working state, and it also includes: charging the energy storage capacitor C11 and the energy storage capacitor C2 respectively through the first adjustable high-voltage charging unit DC1 and the second adjustable high-voltage charging unit DC2; measuring the voltage of the energy storage capacitor C11 and the energy storage capacitor C2, and when the energy storage capacitor C11 and the energy storage capacitor C2 reach the preset voltage, controlling the on and off states of the discharge switch G11 and the discharge switch G2 respectively through the discharge pulse to realize the output of the impact simulation voltage and the industrial frequency current.
优选的，实现冲击模拟电压、工频电流的输出，还包括：预设所述第一可调高压充电单元DC1的电压台级；在初始台级上，实现冲击模拟电压、工频电流的输出，并采集所述电压、电流传感器反馈的所述电缆接头的工作状态；若所述工作状态为所述电缆接头正常导通，则提高所述电压台级，并在提高的所述电压台级上，继续输出冲击模拟电压、工频电流，采集所述工作状态，直到所述工作状态为所述电缆接头发生击穿；待所述电缆接头发生击穿时，记录临界电压值。Preferably, the output of impulse simulation voltage and power frequency current is realized, and further includes: presetting the voltage level of the first adjustable high-voltage charging unit DC1; at the initial level, realizing the output of impulse simulation voltage and power frequency current, and collecting the working state of the cable connector fed back by the voltage and current sensors; if the working state is that the cable connector is normally conductive, increasing the voltage level, and continuing to output impulse simulation voltage and power frequency current at the increased voltage level, collecting the working state, until the working state is that the cable connector breaks down; when the cable connector breaks down, recording the critical voltage value.
优选的，通过压电传感器监测所述防爆外壳的爆炸冲击力，还包括：待所述电缆接头发生击穿后，逐渐升高所述第二可调高压充电单元DC2的工频电流幅度，记录所述压电传感器记录的冲击力；基于所述工频电流幅度和所述冲击力绘制趋势曲线，并在所述电缆接头发生爆炸时提取爆炸临界电流和爆炸临界冲击力。Preferably, monitoring the explosion impact force of the explosion-proof casing by a piezoelectric sensor also includes: after the cable connector is punctured, gradually increasing the power frequency current amplitude of the second adjustable high-voltage charging unit DC2, and recording the impact force recorded by the piezoelectric sensor; drawing a trend curve based on the power frequency current amplitude and the impact force, and extracting the critical explosion current and critical explosion impact force when the cable connector explodes.
本发明第二方面，涉及一种利用本发明第一方面中方法的一种用于电缆接头的冲击爆炸检测装置，装置包括冲击模拟电源，工频电源，装配防爆外壳的电缆接头，电压、电流传感器，压电传感器，计算机控制与数据采集分析处理单元；其中，冲击模拟电源、工频电源，用于接入电缆接头的两侧以模拟存在冲击电压的故障线路；电压、电流传感器，用于反馈所述电缆接头的工作状态；压电传感器，用于监测防爆外壳的爆炸冲击力；计算机控制与数据采集分析处理单元，用于接收电压、电流传感器的反馈，并基于反馈的工作状态调整冲击模拟电源的输出参数，以及获取爆炸冲击力、爆炸极限参数。The second aspect of the present invention relates to an impact explosion detection device for a cable joint using the method in the first aspect of the present invention, the device comprising an impact simulation power supply, an industrial frequency power supply, a cable joint equipped with an explosion-proof shell, voltage and current sensors, a piezoelectric sensor, and a computer control and data acquisition analysis processing unit; wherein the impact simulation power supply and the industrial frequency power supply are used to connect to both sides of the cable joint to simulate a fault line with an impact voltage; the voltage and current sensors are used to feedback the working status of the cable joint; the piezoelectric sensor is used to monitor the explosion impact force of the explosion-proof shell; the computer control and data acquisition analysis processing unit is used to receive feedback from the voltage and current sensors, and adjust the output parameters of the impact simulation power supply based on the feedback working status, and obtain the explosion impact force and explosion limit parameters.
本发明的有益效果在于，与现有技术相比，本发明中的一种用于电缆接头的冲击爆炸检测方法及系统，通过冲击模拟电源、工频电源模拟存在冲击电压的故障线路，通过压电传感器监测所述防爆外壳的爆炸冲击力。本发明准确模拟高压电缆中间接头在雷电冲击和可调的冲击电压和工频电流联合作用下高压电缆绝缘外壳承受冲击力之间的规律与极限参数，为高压中间接头防爆外壳的选材和结构设计提供支撑。The beneficial effect of the present invention is that, compared with the prior art, the present invention is a method and system for detecting impact explosions of cable joints, which simulates a fault line with an impact voltage through an impact simulation power supply and a power frequency power supply, and monitors the explosion impact force of the explosion-proof housing through a piezoelectric sensor. The present invention accurately simulates the law and limit parameters of the impact force of the high-voltage cable insulation housing under the combined action of lightning impact, adjustable impact voltage and power frequency current at the high-voltage cable intermediate joint, and provides support for the material selection and structural design of the explosion-proof housing of the high-voltage intermediate joint.
本发明的有益效果还包括：The beneficial effects of the present invention also include:
1、本发明依据带有防爆外壳的高压电缆中间接头的实际运行环境设计试验方案，充分考虑了带有防爆外壳的高压电缆中间接头承受工频过电流、过电压或直流过电压的情况，考虑高压电缆中间接头承受大气自然环境的雷电过电压、雷电冲击电压的场景，考察了输电线路中开关设备(诸如断路器等)频繁接通和断开而产生操作过电压。模拟方案中综合了上述场景，确保爆炸测试与实际的高压电缆中间接头的爆炸引发原因与条件的一致性。1. The present invention designs the test scheme based on the actual operating environment of the high-voltage cable intermediate joint with an explosion-proof housing, fully considers the situation that the high-voltage cable intermediate joint with an explosion-proof housing is subjected to power frequency overcurrent, overvoltage or DC overvoltage, considers the scene that the high-voltage cable intermediate joint is subjected to lightning overvoltage and lightning impulse voltage in the natural atmospheric environment, and examines the switching equipment (such as circuit breakers, etc.) in the transmission line. The above scenarios are integrated in the simulation scheme to ensure the consistency of the explosion test with the actual explosion-initiating causes and conditions of the high-voltage cable intermediate joint.
2、本发明冲击模拟电源的冲击电压时间参数能覆盖雷电冲击电压波和电力设备操作冲击电压波的波前时间和持续时间，确保试验能够获得带有防爆外壳的高压电缆中间接头在雷电冲击和可调的冲击电压和工频电流下的联合电压。2. The impulse voltage time parameters of the impulse simulation power supply of the present invention can cover the wavefront time and duration of the lightning impulse voltage wave and the power equipment operation impulse voltage wave, ensuring that the test can obtain the combined voltage of the high-voltage cable intermediate joint with an explosion-proof casing under lightning impulse and adjustable impulse voltage and power frequency current.
3、精确模拟获得带有防爆外壳的高压电缆中间接头绝缘外壳所承受的冲击力和注入的工频电流幅值之间的内在关系，填补了本领域的技术空白。3. Accurately simulate the intrinsic relationship between the impact force borne by the insulating casing of the high-voltage cable intermediate joint with an explosion-proof casing and the amplitude of the injected power frequency current, filling the technical gap in this field.
4、方法还原了爆炸发生的全过程，首先模拟击穿电弧，其次在击穿电弧基础上提供了充分的工频电流，从而精确模拟出爆炸前电缆接头的故障全过程，确保了爆炸原因可追溯，爆炸前各个时间段下对电缆接头的冲击力、击穿电弧的破坏力进行了充分阶段，实验数据能够适用于各种电缆接头、防爆壳的设计、检测和改进，试验实用度高，结果置信度高。4. The method restores the entire process of the explosion. First, the breakdown arc is simulated, and secondly, sufficient power frequency current is provided based on the breakdown arc, thereby accurately simulating the entire failure process of the cable joint before the explosion, ensuring that the cause of the explosion can be traced. The impact force on the cable joint and the destructive force of the breakdown arc in various time periods before the explosion are fully studied. The experimental data can be applied to the design, detection and improvement of various cable joints and explosion-proof shells. The test is highly practical and the results are highly confident.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
图1为本发明一种用于电缆接头的冲击爆炸检测方法的实施方式示意图；FIG1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a method for detecting impact explosion of a cable joint according to the present invention;
图2为本发明一种用于电缆接头的冲击爆炸检测方法中电源接入方式示意图；FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a power supply access method in a shock explosion detection method for a cable joint according to the present invention;
图3为本发明一种用于电缆接头的冲击爆炸检测方法中电压源的构造示意图；FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a voltage source in a method for detecting impact explosion of a cable joint according to the present invention;
图4为本发明一种用于电缆接头的冲击爆炸检测方法中电流源的构造示意图；FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a current source in a method for detecting impact explosion of a cable joint according to the present invention;
图5为本发明一种用于电缆接头的冲击爆炸检测方法中压电传感器连接电缆接头的构造示意图；FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a piezoelectric sensor connected to a cable joint in a method for detecting shock explosion of a cable joint according to the present invention;
图6为本发明一种用于电缆接头的冲击爆炸检测方法中实施击穿的流程示意图；FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a process for implementing breakdown in a shock explosion detection method for a cable joint according to the present invention;
图7为本发明一种用于电缆接头的冲击爆炸检测方法中实施爆炸的流程示意图；FIG7 is a schematic diagram of a flow chart of an explosion in a method for detecting an impact explosion of a cable joint according to the present invention;
附图标记：Reference numerals:
1冲击模拟电源，1-1第一可调高压充电单元，1-2第一直流分压器，1-3电压发生单元；1 impact simulation power supply, 1-1 first adjustable high voltage charging unit, 1-2 first DC voltage divider, 1-3 voltage generating unit;
2工频电源，2-1第二可调高压充电单元，2-2第二直流分压器，2-3电流发生单元；2 industrial frequency power supply, 2-1 second adjustable high voltage charging unit, 2-2 second DC voltage divider, 2-3 current generating unit;
3电缆接头，3-1注入端，3-2回流端；3 cable connectors, 3-1 injection end, 3-2 return end;
4电压传感器，5电流传感器，6压电传感器；4 voltage sensor, 5 current sensor, 6 piezoelectric sensor;
7计算机控制与数据采集分析处理单元，7-1控制单元，7-2示波器，7-3计算机；7 Computer control and data acquisition analysis processing unit, 7-1 control unit, 7-2 oscilloscope, 7-3 computer;
8-1、8-2注入端金属连接板，9-1、9-2回流端金属连接板，10传递杆。8-1, 8-2 injection end metal connecting plates, 9-1, 9-2 return end metal connecting plates, 10 transfer rod.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清晰，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。本发明所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分的实施例，而不是全部实施例。基于本发明精神，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下，根据本发明中记载的实施例而获得的所有其它本发明中未记载的实施例，都应当属于本发明的保护范围。In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical scheme of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The embodiments described in the present invention are only embodiments of a part of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the spirit of the present invention, all other embodiments not recorded in the present invention obtained by ordinary technicians in this field according to the embodiments recorded in the present invention without making creative work should belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
图1为本发明一种用于电缆接头的冲击爆炸检测方法的实施方式示意图。如图1所示，本发明第一方面，涉及一种用于电缆接头的冲击爆炸检测方法，方法包括步骤1至步骤3。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a method for detecting shock and explosion of a cable joint according to the present invention. As shown in Fig. 1 , a first aspect of the present invention relates to a method for detecting shock and explosion of a cable joint, the method comprising steps 1 to 3.
步骤1，将冲击模拟电源、工频电源同时接入电缆接头的两侧以模拟存在冲击电压的故障线路，并在电缆接头外部装配防爆外壳。Step 1: Connect the impulse simulation power supply and the power frequency power supply to both sides of the cable connector at the same time to simulate a fault line with impulse voltage, and assemble an explosion-proof housing outside the cable connector.
本发明中，为了模拟电缆接头的冲击爆炸场景，提出了基于时间参数可调的冲击电压与工频电流联合作用的测量方法和试验装置。其中包括可控强度、时间参数可调的冲击模拟电源，可控强度的工频电流电源。In the present invention, in order to simulate the impact explosion scene of the cable joint, a measurement method and test device based on the combined action of the impulse voltage with adjustable time parameters and the power frequency current are proposed, which includes an impact simulation power supply with controllable intensity and adjustable time parameters, and a power frequency current power supply with controllable intensity.
优选的，冲击模拟电源为可控信号强度、可调时间参数的脉冲电压源；工频电源为可控信号强度的工频电流源。Preferably, the impulse simulation power supply is a pulse voltage source with controllable signal strength and adjustable time parameters; the industrial frequency power supply is an industrial frequency current source with controllable signal strength.
图3为本发明一种用于电缆接头的冲击爆炸检测方法中电压源的构造示意图。如图1、图3所示，冲击模拟电源包括第一可调高压充电单元DC1、限流电阻RC1和雷电冲击电压发生单元(1-3)单元，雷电冲击电压发生单元包括储能电容C11、放电开关G11及其形成电阻RF1、RT1和形成电容C12；其中，第一可调高压充电单元DC1通过限流电阻RC1并联在雷电冲击电压发生单元的储能电容C11的两侧；储能电容C11通过放电开关G1和形成电阻RF1、RT1以及形成电容C12放电，且雷电冲击电压发生单元并联至电缆接头的两侧。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a voltage source in a method for detecting impact explosion of a cable joint of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, the impact simulation power supply includes a first adjustable high-voltage charging unit DC1, a current limiting resistor RC1 and a lightning impulse voltage generating unit (1-3), and the lightning impulse voltage generating unit includes an energy storage capacitor C11, a discharge switch G11 and its forming resistors RF1, RT1 and forming capacitor C12; wherein, the first adjustable high-voltage charging unit DC1 is connected in parallel to both sides of the energy storage capacitor C11 of the lightning impulse voltage generating unit through the current limiting resistor RC1; the energy storage capacitor C11 is discharged through the discharge switch G1 and the forming resistors RF1, RT1 and the forming capacitor C12, and the lightning impulse voltage generating unit is connected in parallel to both sides of the cable joint.
其中，可调高压充电单元DC1包含高压直流充电电源(1-1)和限流保护电阻RC1，雷电冲击电压发生单元中的储能电容C11两端的充电电压由直流分压器(1-2测量)；。Among them, the adjustable high-voltage charging unit DC1 includes a high-voltage DC charging power supply (1-1) and a current limiting protection resistor RC1, and the charging voltage across the energy storage capacitor C11 in the lightning impulse voltage generating unit is measured by a DC voltage divider (1-2);.
在工作过程中，第一可调高压充电单元DC1为可调高压直流充电电源，其输出电压后对电压发生回路中储能电容元件C11进行充电，输出幅值可调整的、时间参数可调节的冲击电压波，以满足不同等级高压电缆接头的试验要求。During operation, the first adjustable high-voltage charging unit DC1 is an adjustable high-voltage DC charging power supply. Its output voltage charges the energy storage capacitor element C11 in the voltage generating circuit, and outputs an impulse voltage wave with adjustable amplitude and time parameters to meet the test requirements of high-voltage cable connectors of different levels.
优选的，可调高压充电单元DC1，用于模拟1.2V/50μs的雷电冲击电压波形和250V/2500μs的电力设备操作冲击电压波形。Preferably, the adjustable high-voltage charging unit DC1 is used to simulate a lightning impulse voltage waveform of 1.2V/50μs and a power equipment operation impulse voltage waveform of 250V/2500μs.
为了模拟上述环境，电源中各元件参数应当满足：In order to simulate the above environment, the parameters of each component in the power supply should meet the following requirements:
3.24×RF1×C12＝1.2(±30％)3.24×RF1×C12＝1.2(±30%)
0.69×[RT1×C12+(RF1+RT1)×C11]＝50(±20％)0.69×[RT1×C12+(RF1+RT1)×C11]＝50(±20%)
C11>>C12C11>>C12
上述公式中，电阻RF1、RT1的单位为Ω，电容C11、C12的单位为μF。In the above formula, the unit of the resistors RF1 and RT1 is Ω, and the unit of the capacitors C11 and C12 is μF.
优选的，预先测试电缆接头的击穿电压，并将冲击模拟电源的额定电压设置在击穿电压以上；可调高压充电单元DC1的电压调节范围为冲击模拟电源的额定电压的30％至100％。Preferably, the breakdown voltage of the cable connector is tested in advance, and the rated voltage of the impulse simulation power supply is set above the breakdown voltage; the voltage adjustment range of the adjustable high-voltage charging unit DC1 is 30% to 100% of the rated voltage of the impulse simulation power supply.
试验时冲击电源的输出电压应大于电缆接头击穿电压，一实施例中，可以设置输出电压的最大值在击穿电压的1.3至2倍之间。此外，电压幅度可调，以保障试验能够实施。During the test, the output voltage of the impulse power supply should be greater than the breakdown voltage of the cable connector. In one embodiment, the maximum value of the output voltage can be set between 1.3 and 2 times the breakdown voltage. In addition, the voltage amplitude is adjustable to ensure that the test can be implemented.
冲击电压波形的时间参数和持续时间可调，其最佳的上升时间和持续时间可以通过与工频电流电源的联合试验获得，最佳时间参数的判据是冲击电压脉冲施加后，后续可以形成稳定的工频电流电弧。工频电流电源的输出电流可在确定电压源的参数后，通过振荡回路的放电电压进行调整。The time parameters and duration of the impulse voltage waveform are adjustable. The optimal rise time and duration can be obtained through joint testing with the power frequency current power supply. The criterion for the optimal time parameters is that after the impulse voltage pulse is applied, a stable power frequency current arc can be formed. The output current of the power frequency current power supply can be adjusted through the discharge voltage of the oscillation circuit after determining the parameters of the voltage source.
图4为本发明一种用于电缆接头的冲击爆炸检测方法中电流源的构造示意图。如图4所示，优选的，工频电源包括第二可调高压充电单元DC2、储能电容C2、放电开关G2、稳流电容L；其中，第二可调高压充电单元DC2通过电阻RC2并联在储能电容C2的两侧；储能电容C2通过放电开关G2和稳流电容L并联至所述电缆接头的两侧。Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a current source in a shock explosion detection method for a cable joint of the present invention. As shown in Figure 4, preferably, the industrial frequency power supply includes a second adjustable high-voltage charging unit DC2, an energy storage capacitor C2, a discharge switch G2, and a current stabilizing capacitor L; wherein the second adjustable high-voltage charging unit DC2 is connected in parallel to both sides of the energy storage capacitor C2 through a resistor RC2; the energy storage capacitor C2 is connected in parallel to both sides of the cable joint through the discharge switch G2 and the current stabilizing capacitor L.
采用上述设置，使得输出冲击电压波形的时间参数能覆盖1.2/50μs雷电冲击电压电源的输出电压波形和250/2500μs操作冲击电压波形的波前时间和半峰值时间参数范围。With the above settings, the time parameters of the output impulse voltage waveform can cover the wavefront time and half-peak time parameter range of the output voltage waveform of the 1.2/50μs lightning impulse voltage power supply and the 250/2500μs operating impulse voltage waveform.
其中，电阻RC2为充电限流电阻，储能电容C2和电感L工作在谐振状态，谐振频率为50-60Hz。The resistor RC2 is a charging current limiting resistor, and the energy storage capacitor C2 and the inductor L work in a resonant state, and the resonant frequency is 50-60 Hz.
在工作过程中，可调高压直流充电电源DC2的输出电压不断调整，对工频电流发生回路中储能电容元件C2进行充电，输出电流幅值、频率50-60Hz的工频电流，以满足不同等级高压电缆接头的爆炸冲击力试验要求。During operation, the output voltage of the adjustable high-voltage DC charging power supply DC2 is continuously adjusted to charge the energy storage capacitor element C2 in the power frequency current generating circuit, and output a power frequency current with a current amplitude and frequency of 50-60Hz to meet the explosion impact force test requirements of high-voltage cable joints of different grades.
工频电流发生回路的参数控制为，产生频率50-60Hz的工频电流发生回路参数应满足：The parameters of the power frequency current generating circuit are controlled as follows: the parameters of the power frequency current generating circuit generating a frequency of 50-60Hz should meet the following requirements:
为了实现图4所示的振荡回路有尽可能高的输出效率，回路阻抗可以满足尽可能的小，即可以选择在10-50mΩ之间。一实施例中，在工频电流电源的放电电压一定数值下，确保输出的工频电流幅值在1-5kA之间。In order to achieve the highest possible output efficiency of the oscillation circuit shown in FIG4, the loop impedance can be as small as possible, that is, It can be selected between 10-50 mΩ. In one embodiment, under a certain value of the discharge voltage of the power frequency current power supply, the output power frequency current amplitude is ensured to be between 1-5 kA.
图2为本发明一种用于电缆接头的冲击爆炸检测方法中电源接入方式示意图。如图2所示，优选的，将冲击模拟电源、工频电源同时接入所述电缆接头的两侧，还包括：电缆接头的两侧分别构成注入端和回流端，注入端和回流端的一侧位于防爆外壳内；注入端和回流端的另一侧分别固定有金属连接板，且冲击模拟电源、工频电源和电压传感器，通过金属连接板并联在电缆接头的两侧。Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a power supply access method in a shock explosion detection method for a cable joint of the present invention. As shown in Figure 2, preferably, the shock simulation power supply and the power frequency power supply are simultaneously connected to both sides of the cable joint, and further includes: the two sides of the cable joint respectively constitute an injection end and a return end, and one side of the injection end and the return end is located in the explosion-proof housing; the other side of the injection end and the return end is respectively fixed with a metal connection plate, and the shock simulation power supply, the power frequency power supply and the voltage sensor are connected in parallel on both sides of the cable joint through the metal connection plate.
可控强度、时间参数可调的冲击模拟电源与可控强度的工频电流电源均并联在被测试的、带有防爆外壳的高压电缆中间接头的芯线和外屏蔽层/接地线两端。具体的，冲击模拟电源、工频电流电源的高压输出端通过金属连接板与被试电缆接头的芯线相连(也就是注入端)，低压输出端同样通过金属连接板与被试带有防爆外壳的高压电缆中间接头的外屏蔽层相连(也就是回流端)。The impulse simulation power supply with controllable intensity and adjustable time parameters and the power frequency current power supply with controllable intensity are connected in parallel to the core wire and the outer shielding layer/grounding wire of the tested high-voltage cable intermediate joint with explosion-proof housing. Specifically, the high-voltage output end of the impulse simulation power supply and the power frequency current power supply is connected to the core wire of the tested cable joint through a metal connecting plate (that is, the injection end), and the low-voltage output end is also connected to the outer shielding layer of the tested high-voltage cable intermediate joint with explosion-proof housing through a metal connecting plate (that is, the return end).
被试带有防爆外壳的高压电缆中间接头的芯线和高压屏蔽层/接地层安装在电缆接头绝缘外壳上，例如通过电缆的方式或铜导体的方式将接头内与电缆芯线、外屏蔽层连接的结构引导到绝缘外壳上。高压屏蔽层/接地层可以为电缆的高压屏蔽或绝缘屏蔽。The core wire and high-voltage shielding layer/grounding layer of the tested high-voltage cable intermediate joint with explosion-proof housing are installed on the insulating housing of the cable joint, for example, the structure connected with the cable core wire and outer shielding layer in the joint is guided to the insulating housing by means of cable or copper conductor. The high-voltage shielding layer/grounding layer can be the high-voltage shielding or insulating shielding of the cable.
方法分别通过栓接的电气连接端子，如金属连接板与可控强度的雷电冲击电压电源和工频电流电源的高压端和低压端连接。The method is to connect the high voltage end and the low voltage end of a lightning impulse voltage power supply with controllable intensity and a power frequency current power supply through bolted electrical connection terminals, such as metal connection plates.
图5为本发明一种用于电缆接头的冲击爆炸检测方法中压电传感器连接电缆接头的构造示意图。如图5所示，优选的，电缆接头和压电传感器固定安装于爆炸检测试验平台上；并且，电缆接头上设置有冲击爆炸力检测端，且冲击爆炸力检测端通过传递杆穿过屏蔽外壳与压电传感器接触式连接。Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a piezoelectric sensor connected to a cable joint in a shock explosion detection method for a cable joint of the present invention. As shown in Figure 5, preferably, the cable joint and the piezoelectric sensor are fixedly installed on the explosion detection test platform; and an impact explosion force detection end is provided on the cable joint, and the impact explosion force detection end is contact-connected with the piezoelectric sensor through a transmission rod passing through the shielding shell.
压电传感器与绝缘外壳之间通过圆柱型传递杆紧密接触，圆柱型传递杆的下端面与压电传感器的表面紧密接触。The piezoelectric sensor is in close contact with the insulating shell via a cylindrical transmission rod, and the lower end surface of the cylindrical transmission rod is in close contact with the surface of the piezoelectric sensor.
优选的，储能电容C2通过放电开关G2和稳流电容L并联至电缆接头的两侧，还包括：储能电容C2、放电开关G2、稳流电容L、所述电缆接头所在的回路上，还套接所述电流传感器。Preferably, the energy storage capacitor C2 is connected in parallel to both sides of the cable connector through the discharge switch G2 and the current stabilizing capacitor L, and also includes: the energy storage capacitor C2, the discharge switch G2, the current stabilizing capacitor L, and the loop where the cable connector is located, and the current sensor is also sleeved.
此外，电压、电流传感器以及与电压、电流传感器连接的示波器等记录装置也相应的接入系统。电压传感器并接在带有防爆外壳的高压电缆中间接头的芯线和屏蔽层/接地层两端，用于测量高压电缆中间接头上的输出电压。高压电缆中间接头与电源的回流端的电气连接线上套接有工频电流传感器，用来记录带有防爆外壳的高压电缆中间接头绝缘击穿后注入的工频后续电弧电流。In addition, voltage and current sensors and recording devices such as oscilloscopes connected to the voltage and current sensors are also connected to the system accordingly. The voltage sensor is connected in parallel to the core wire and the shielding layer/grounding layer of the high-voltage cable intermediate joint with an explosion-proof housing to measure the output voltage on the high-voltage cable intermediate joint. A power frequency current sensor is sleeved on the electrical connection line between the high-voltage cable intermediate joint and the return end of the power supply to record the power frequency subsequent arc current injected after the insulation of the high-voltage cable intermediate joint with an explosion-proof housing is broken down.
图6为本发明一种用于电缆接头的冲击爆炸检测方法中实施击穿的流程示意图。如图6所示，优选的，利用电压、电流传感器反馈电缆接头的工作状态，并基于工作状态调整冲击模拟电源的输出参数，还包括：通过第一可调高压充电单元DC1、第二可调高压充电单元DC2分别向储能电容C11、储能电容C2充电；测量储能电容C11、储能电容C2的电压，并在储能电容C11、储能电容C2达到预设电压时候，分别通过放电脉冲控制放电开关G11、放电开关G2的通断状态，以实现冲击模拟电压、工频电流的输出。Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a process for implementing breakdown in a shock explosion detection method for a cable joint of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 6, preferably, the working state of the cable joint is fed back by a voltage and current sensor, and the output parameters of the shock simulation power supply are adjusted based on the working state, and it also includes: charging the energy storage capacitor C11 and the energy storage capacitor C2 respectively through the first adjustable high-voltage charging unit DC1 and the second adjustable high-voltage charging unit DC2; measuring the voltage of the energy storage capacitor C11 and the energy storage capacitor C2, and when the energy storage capacitor C11 and the energy storage capacitor C2 reach the preset voltage, respectively controlling the on-off state of the discharge switch G11 and the discharge switch G2 through the discharge pulse to realize the output of the shock simulation voltage and the power frequency current.
计算机控制与数据采集分析处理单元用于监测并控制试验过程，检测、记录和处理输出电压、输出电流以及爆炸冲击力检测装置测得的爆炸冲击力。The computer control and data acquisition analysis processing unit is used to monitor and control the test process, detect, record and process the output voltage, output current and the explosion impact force measured by the explosion impact force detection device.
计算机控制与数据管理单元控制电压源、电流源的联合冲击放电。此外，作用于带有防爆外壳的高压电缆中间接头的工频电流参数及工频电弧形成的冲击力分别通过电流、电压传感器和压电传感器提取后送到计算机测控与数据管理单元，经处理和分析得到被试带有防爆外壳的高压电缆中间接头所承受的电弧冲击力与流经工频电流参数之间的规律。The computer control and data management unit controls the combined impulse discharge of the voltage source and the current source. In addition, the power frequency current parameters acting on the intermediate joint of the high-voltage cable with an explosion-proof shell and the impact force formed by the power frequency arc are extracted through current, voltage sensors and piezoelectric sensors and sent to the computer measurement and control and data management unit. After processing and analysis, the law between the arc impact force borne by the intermediate joint of the high-voltage cable with an explosion-proof shell and the power frequency current parameters flowing through it is obtained.
步骤2，利用电压、电流传感器反馈电缆接头的工作状态，并基于工作状态调整冲击模拟电源的输出参数。Step 2: Use voltage and current sensors to feedback the working status of the cable connector, and adjust the output parameters of the impact simulation power supply based on the working status.
如图6所示，为了获得击穿电弧，方法通过计算机控制与数据采集分析处理单元控制可控强度、时间参数可调的冲击电压电源输出的冲击电压参数。As shown in FIG6 , in order to obtain a breakdown arc, the method controls the impulse voltage parameters output by the impulse voltage power supply with controllable intensity and adjustable time parameters through a computer control and data acquisition analysis processing unit.
优选的，实现冲击模拟电压、工频电流的输出，还包括：预设第一可调高压充电单元DC1的电压台级；在初始台级上，实现冲击模拟电压、工频电流的输出，并采集电压、电流传感器反馈的所述电缆接头的工作状态；若工作状态为电缆接头正常导通，则提高电压台级，并在提高的电压台级上，继续输出冲击模拟电压、工频电流，采集工作状态，直到工作状态为电缆接头发生击穿；待电缆接头发生击穿时，记录临界电压值。Preferably, the output of impulse simulation voltage and power frequency current is realized, and also includes: presetting the voltage level of the first adjustable high-voltage charging unit DC1; at the initial level, realizing the output of impulse simulation voltage and power frequency current, and collecting the working status of the cable connector fed back by the voltage and current sensors; if the working status is that the cable connector is normally conductive, then increasing the voltage level, and continuing to output impulse simulation voltage and power frequency current at the increased voltage level, collecting the working status, until the working status is that the cable connector breaks down; when the cable connector breaks down, recording the critical voltage value.
在计算机控制与数据处理分析处理单元的计算机人机交互显示界面上设置可控强度、时间参数的冲击电压电源的放电电压值，该放电电压值至少大于通过实验方法获得的被试高压电缆中间接头防爆外壳注入端的临界冲击电压击穿幅值。确保高压电缆中间接头的注入端与回流端之间能够发生击穿并可靠引发工频电流电弧。The discharge voltage value of the impulse voltage power supply with controllable intensity and time parameters is set on the computer human-computer interactive display interface of the computer control and data processing and analysis unit. The discharge voltage value is at least greater than the critical impulse voltage breakdown amplitude of the injection end of the explosion-proof housing of the tested high-voltage cable intermediate joint obtained by the experimental method. Ensure that the injection end and the return end of the high-voltage cable intermediate joint can be broken down and the power frequency current arc can be reliably triggered.
具体的，如果电缆接头的击穿电压值已知，可以直接输入。如果未知，可以通过计算机调整，如调整储能电容C11的充电电压、波形形成电阻和负载电容参数。Specifically, if the breakdown voltage value of the cable connector is known, it can be directly input. If it is unknown, it can be adjusted by a computer, such as adjusting the charging voltage of the energy storage capacitor C11, the waveform forming resistor and the load capacitance parameters.
逐级升高时间参数可调的冲击电压电源的放电电压，直至冲击电压波形的时间参数和幅值参数能够稳定引发后续工频电流值，此情况对应的冲击电压的峰值定义为被试高压电缆中间接头的临界冲击电压击穿。The discharge voltage of the impulse voltage power supply with adjustable time parameters is increased step by step until the time parameters and amplitude parameters of the impulse voltage waveform can stably induce the subsequent power frequency current value. The peak value of the impulse voltage corresponding to this situation is defined as the critical impulse voltage breakdown of the middle joint of the tested high-voltage cable.
可调高压直流充电电源输出电压的幅值也可以通过通讯方式实现计算机对高压直流充电电源输出电压的调控，从而达到不同幅值雷电冲击电压输出的试验要求逐步升高工频电流电源的放电电压，将会获得一组与之相对应的工频电流输出值，方法可以记录这一规律并实现分析。The amplitude of the adjustable high-voltage DC charging power supply output voltage can also be realized by computer control of the high-voltage DC charging power supply output voltage through communication, so as to meet the test requirements of different amplitude lightning impulse voltage outputs. By gradually increasing the discharge voltage of the industrial frequency current power supply, a set of corresponding industrial frequency current output values will be obtained. The method can record this law and realize analysis.
可调高压直流充电电源输出电压的幅值也可以通过通讯方式实现计算机对高压直流充电电源输出电压的调控，从而实现不同工频电流输出的试验要求。The amplitude of the adjustable high-voltage DC charging power supply output voltage can also be controlled by a computer through communication, thereby achieving the test requirements of different power frequency current outputs.
步骤3，通过压电传感器监测防爆外壳的爆炸冲击力。Step 3, monitoring the explosion impact force of the explosion-proof housing through a piezoelectric sensor.
图7为本发明一种用于电缆接头的冲击爆炸检测方法中实施爆炸的流程示意图。如图7所示，优选的，通过压电传感器监测防爆外壳的爆炸冲击力，还包括：待电缆接头发生击穿后，逐渐升高第二可调高压充电单元DC2的工频电流幅度，记录压电传感器记录的冲击力；基于工频电流幅度和冲击力绘制趋势曲线，并在电缆接头发生爆炸时提取爆炸临界电流和爆炸临界冲击力。Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the process of implementing explosion in a shock explosion detection method for a cable joint of the present invention. As shown in Figure 7, preferably, monitoring the explosion impact force of the explosion-proof housing by a piezoelectric sensor also includes: after the cable joint is broken down, gradually increasing the power frequency current amplitude of the second adjustable high-voltage charging unit DC2, recording the impact force recorded by the piezoelectric sensor; drawing a trend curve based on the power frequency current amplitude and the impact force, and extracting the explosion critical current and explosion critical impact force when the cable joint explodes.
在确保时间参数可调的冲击电压作用下高压电缆中间接头的注入端和回流端发生击穿放电的同时，这里需要确保注入端、回流端之间可以稳定击穿放电，通过控制单元控制可控强度工频电流电源的输出电流的大小。While ensuring that breakdown discharge occurs at the injection end and return end of the intermediate joint of the high-voltage cable under the action of an impulse voltage with adjustable time parameters, it is necessary to ensure stable breakdown discharge between the injection end and the return end, and control the output current of the controllable intensity industrial frequency current power supply through the control unit.
计算机控制与数据处理分析处理单元通过示波器的通信接口获得来自电压传感器、电流传感器以及压电传感器的信号，对接收的信号处理和分析，就可以得到一组高压电缆中间接头的防爆外壳承受的冲击力与工频电流强度的数组，经计算机控制与数据处理分析处理单元的分析处理，便可得到高压电缆中间接头的防爆外壳承受冲击力的极限阈值。The computer control and data processing and analysis processing unit obtains signals from the voltage sensor, current sensor and piezoelectric sensor through the communication interface of the oscilloscope, and processes and analyzes the received signals to obtain an array of impact force and power frequency current intensity that the explosion-proof casing of the intermediate joint of the high-voltage cable can withstand. After analysis and processing by the computer control and data processing and analysis processing unit, the limit threshold of the impact force that the explosion-proof casing of the intermediate joint of the high-voltage cable can withstand can be obtained.
具体的，计算机控制与数据采集分析处理单元调整可控工频电流电源输出工频电流幅值，并检测相对应的在被试带有防爆外壳的高压电缆中间接头的绝缘外壳底面上产生的由爆炸冲击力检测装置测得的爆炸冲击力，形成一组工频电流幅值和作用在被试带有防爆外壳的高压电缆中间接头绝缘外壳底部面板上的冲击力。逐步增加可控工频电流电源输出工频电流幅值，最终获得被试带有防爆外壳的高压电缆中间接头绝缘外壳材料的临界爆炸冲击力。Specifically, the computer control and data acquisition analysis processing unit adjusts the amplitude of the power frequency current output by the controllable power frequency current power supply, and detects the corresponding explosion impact force generated on the bottom surface of the insulating shell of the tested high-voltage cable intermediate joint with explosion-proof shell measured by the explosion impact force detection device, forming a set of power frequency current amplitudes and impact forces acting on the bottom panel of the insulating shell of the tested high-voltage cable intermediate joint with explosion-proof shell. The amplitude of the power frequency current output by the controllable power frequency current power supply is gradually increased, and finally the critical explosion impact force of the insulating shell material of the tested high-voltage cable intermediate joint with explosion-proof shell is obtained.
此外，对示波器提取和采集的数据进行处理和分析，获得高压电缆中间接头防爆外壳上承受的爆照冲击力与工频电流幅值之间的关系规律。In addition, the data extracted and collected by the oscilloscope are processed and analyzed to obtain the relationship between the explosion impact force borne on the explosion-proof casing of the high-voltage cable intermediate joint and the power frequency current amplitude.
本发明第二方面，涉及一种利用本发明第一方面方法的一种用于电缆接头的冲击爆炸检测装置，装置包括冲击模拟电源，工频电源，装配防爆外壳的电缆接头，电压、电流传感器，压电传感器，计算机控制与数据采集分析处理单元；其中，冲击模拟电源、工频电源，用于接入电缆接头的两侧以模拟存在冲击电压的故障线路；电压、电流传感器，用于反馈所述电缆接头的工作状态；压电传感器，用于监测防爆外壳的爆炸冲击力；计算机控制与数据采集分析处理单元，用于接收电压、电流传感器的反馈，并基于反馈的工作状态调整冲击模拟电源的输出参数，以及获取爆炸冲击力、爆炸极限参数。The second aspect of the present invention relates to an impact explosion detection device for a cable joint using the method of the first aspect of the present invention, the device comprising an impact simulation power supply, an industrial frequency power supply, a cable joint equipped with an explosion-proof shell, voltage and current sensors, a piezoelectric sensor, and a computer control and data acquisition analysis processing unit; wherein the impact simulation power supply and the industrial frequency power supply are used to connect to both sides of the cable joint to simulate a fault line with an impact voltage; the voltage and current sensors are used to feedback the working status of the cable joint; the piezoelectric sensor is used to monitor the explosion impact force of the explosion-proof shell; the computer control and data acquisition analysis processing unit is used to receive feedback from the voltage and current sensors, and adjust the output parameters of the impact simulation power supply based on the feedback working status, and obtain the explosion impact force and explosion limit parameters.
该装置中可控强度、时间参数可调的电压电源输出的冲击电压和可控工频电流电源输出的工频电流由工业控制计算机通过可编程序控制器控制。冲击电压和工频电流由电压传感器和电流传感器检测单元取样，作用在带有防爆外壳的高压电缆中间接头绝缘外壳上的冲击力同样由压电传感器取样，传感器的取样信号经示波器采集和记录后传输给计算机控制和数据采集分析处理单元，便可得带有防爆外壳的高压电缆中间接头绝缘外壳所承受的冲击力和注入的工频电流幅值之间的关系规律。In the device, the impulse voltage output by the voltage power supply with controllable intensity and adjustable time parameters and the power frequency current output by the controllable power frequency current power supply are controlled by the industrial control computer through the programmable controller. The impulse voltage and power frequency current are sampled by the voltage sensor and the current sensor detection unit, and the impact force acting on the insulating shell of the high-voltage cable intermediate joint with the explosion-proof shell is also sampled by the piezoelectric sensor. The sampling signal of the sensor is collected and recorded by the oscilloscope and then transmitted to the computer control and data acquisition analysis processing unit, so that the relationship between the impact force borne by the insulating shell of the high-voltage cable intermediate joint with the explosion-proof shell and the amplitude of the injected power frequency current can be obtained.
一实施例中，方法支持将多个柔性压电超声传感器以阵列方式规则部署于所述电缆接头的表面，并确保所述多个柔性压电超声传感器位于所述电缆接头外的防爆外壳的内部。采集所述多个柔性压电超声传感器的多个压电超声信号，并基于所述多个压电超声信号监测并分析所述电缆接头的局放状态，以及针对所述局放状态判断击穿电弧。In one embodiment, the method supports regularly deploying a plurality of flexible piezoelectric ultrasonic sensors in an array on the surface of the cable connector, and ensures that the plurality of flexible piezoelectric ultrasonic sensors are located inside an explosion-proof housing outside the cable connector. A plurality of piezoelectric ultrasonic signals of the plurality of flexible piezoelectric ultrasonic sensors are collected, and the partial discharge state of the cable connector is monitored and analyzed based on the plurality of piezoelectric ultrasonic signals, and a breakdown arc is determined based on the partial discharge state.
防爆外壳内部的控制模块、所述防爆外壳外部的专用数据盒还用于实现本地或远程的数据降噪和数据分析。数据降噪采用前置放大、带通滤波、缓冲放大方式中的一种或多种实现对所述多个柔性压电超声传感器采集的压电超声信号进行降噪。判断所述多个压电超声信号中的任意一个信号的幅度是否超出局放阈值，若超出，则判定所述电缆接头发生局放。The control module inside the explosion-proof housing and the dedicated data box outside the explosion-proof housing are also used to realize local or remote data noise reduction and data analysis. Data noise reduction adopts one or more of pre-amplification, band-pass filtering, and buffer amplification to realize noise reduction of the piezoelectric ultrasonic signals collected by the multiple flexible piezoelectric ultrasonic sensors. It is judged whether the amplitude of any one of the multiple piezoelectric ultrasonic signals exceeds the partial discharge threshold. If it exceeds, it is determined that the cable joint has partial discharge.
关联所述多个柔性压电超声传感器中每一个传感器的位置与压电超声信号，以当检测出发生局放时判断局放位置；并且，关联不同型号的所述电缆接头中所述压电超声信号的信号幅度与放电量，以当检测出发生局放时推算放电量。The position of each sensor in the multiple flexible piezoelectric ultrasonic sensors is associated with the piezoelectric ultrasonic signal to determine the position of the partial discharge when partial discharge is detected; and the signal amplitude of the piezoelectric ultrasonic signal in the cable connectors of different models is associated with the discharge amount to estimate the discharge amount when partial discharge is detected.
最后应当说明的是，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对其限制，尽管参照上述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，所属领域的普通技术人员应当理解：依然可以对本发明的具体实施方式进行修改或者等同替换，而未脱离本发明精神和范围的任何修改或者等同替换，其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求保护范围之内。Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the relevant field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents, and any modifications or equivalent replacements that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.
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