CN118008416A - Automatic full-length prestress anchoring method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic full-length prestress anchoring method, which comprises the following steps of: drilling, wherein a driving mechanism of the anchor rod supporting device drives the anchor rod to rotate in a first direction to drill the drill, and cleaning and deslagging are carried out on a drilling position; anchoring, namely enabling a slow anchoring agent to enter a gap between the anchor rod and the drill hole through the pipeline and the anchor rod and fully mix, stopping injection after the slow anchoring agent reaches a preset amount, forming high-viscosity paste by the fully mixed slow anchoring agent, starting a second chemical grouting pump, and enabling a fast anchoring agent to enter the gap between the anchor rod and the drill hole through a grouting channel of the pipeline and the anchor rod and fully mix; and pre-tightening, waiting for a preset time period, driving the anchor rod to rotate along a second direction after the quick anchoring agent is cured and when the slow anchoring agent is not cured so as to apply pre-tightening force to surrounding rock, and then curing the slow anchoring agent to fill gaps. The automatic full-length prestress anchoring method provided by the invention has the advantages of good anchoring effect, convenience in automatic construction and no need of hole sealing.

Description

Automatic full-length prestress anchoring method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of anchor rod support, in particular to an automatic full-length prestress anchoring method.

Background

The anchor bolt support has been developed into a main body support form of the coal mine tunnel for many years, and the average coal mine anchor bolt support rate reaches more than 75%. The anchor bolt support is usually anchored by adopting a resin anchoring agent, and the construction procedures comprise the procedures of drilling, unloading a drill rod, installing the anchoring agent, stirring the anchoring agent, waiting for solidification, pre-tightening and the like. Wherein, the installation of resin cartridge anchoring agent needs manual assistance, restricts the quick automatic support of stock. The grouting anchor rod support is also adopted for coal mines and other geotechnical engineering, and the anchoring can be performed in a pumping mode, but hole sealing is needed to prevent slurry from flowing out, the hole sealing process is complex, high-pressure grouting connection is complex, and manual assistance is needed; broken surrounding rock hole sealing is easy to fail, and automation is difficult to realize. The surrounding rock with complex conditions, which occupies most of China, has the problems of hole collapse, surrounding rock crushing, crack development and coal dust in the drilled holes, the resin anchoring agent needs to be installed after the drilled holes are formed, the failure rate of the installation in the collapsed holes and the crushed surrounding rock is high, and the anchoring force is insufficient. Grouting anchoring requires hole sealing, and is complex in operation and long in installation time; broken surrounding rock hole sealing is easy to fail, and the anchoring force is easy to be insufficient. In addition, the rock stratum of the anchor bolt support has dislocation in the deformation process, and the anchor bolt is easily sheared. Full length anchoring is an effective way to address the lack of anchoring force and formation dislocation. The resin anchoring agent is packaged in a cartridge form, a plurality of cartridges are needed for realizing full-length anchoring, the drilled holes are filled after the cartridges are installed in the drilled holes, the subsequent anchor rod cannot be inserted into the drilled holes, and full-length anchoring cannot be realized. The grouting anchoring can realize full-length anchoring, but the length of an anchoring section of direct full-length anchoring is too long and accounts for more than 80% of the length of the anchor rod, the range of controlling surrounding rock by the pretightening force applied to the non-anchored section of the anchor rod is small, the effect of pretightening the surrounding rock by the anchor rod can not be exerted, and the surrounding rock can not be mobilized to bear by the anchor rod by adopting the method.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention has been made based on the findings and knowledge of the inventors regarding the following facts and problems: the effect of the anchor rod pre-tightening surrounding rock is difficult to mobilize the surrounding rock to bear, and the anchor rod anchoring effect is poor.

The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent. Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides an automatic full-length prestress anchoring method, which has the advantages of good anchoring effect, convenience for automatic construction and no hole sealing.

According to the embodiment of the invention, the automatic full-length prestress anchoring method comprises the following steps of:

Drilling, wherein a driving mechanism of the anchor rod supporting device drives the anchor rod to rotate in a first direction for drilling, and the anchor rod cleans and deslaggs a drilling position in the drilling process; a first chemical grouting pump of a grouting mechanism of the anchor rod supporting device enables a slow anchoring agent to enter a gap between the anchor rod and the drilling hole through a pipeline and a grouting channel of the anchor rod and be fully mixed, injection is stopped after the slow anchoring agent is injected by the first chemical grouting pump to reach a preset amount, high-viscosity paste is formed by the fully mixed slow anchoring agent, the first chemical grouting pump is stopped and a second chemical grouting pump is started, and a fast anchoring agent enters the gap between the anchor rod and the drilling hole through the pipeline and the grouting channel of the anchor rod and be fully mixed;

And pre-tightening, namely waiting for a preset time period, driving the anchor rod to rotate along a second direction after the quick anchoring agent is cured and when the slow anchoring agent is not cured so as to enable the anchor rod partially wrapped by the slow anchoring agent to apply pre-tightening force to surrounding rock, wherein the slow anchoring agent is cured so as to fill a gap between the drill hole and the anchor rod.

The automatic full-length prestress anchoring method provided by the embodiment of the application has the advantages of good anchoring effect, convenience in automatic construction and no need of hole sealing. The application has the following advantages: according to the application, two anchoring agents are sequentially injected, and a slow anchoring section and a fast anchoring section can be formed in the hole in sequence through slow anchoring and fast anchoring of materials, the materials of the two anchoring sections are high-viscosity paste without pumping pressure and flowing in the hole, so that the method is suitable for complex drilling conditions, no hole sealing is needed to prevent slurry of the anchoring agents from flowing out, and compared with the resin anchoring agents, the method has the advantages of less manual participation, simple process and convenience in automatic construction; the pre-tightening force is applied to the non-anchored section of the anchor rod, so that full-length pre-stress anchoring can be formed, and the anchoring effect is better.

In some embodiments, after the anchor support device completes the drilling step, the anchor support device remains secured against the surrounding rock at the borehole to perform the pre-tightening step.

In some embodiments, the high viscosity paste formed by the slow anchor adheres to the borehole wall, the viscosity of the high viscosity paste being greater than a target viscosity such that the high viscosity paste does not sag within the borehole.

In some embodiments, the fast and slow anchors fill the fissures around the surrounding rock at the borehole at the pumping pressures of the first and second chemical grouting pumps to complete the collapsed hole aperture irregularities of the borehole.

In some embodiments, in the pre-tightening step, the driving mechanism or the pre-tightening wrench drives the anchor rod to rotate along the second direction, and the pre-tightening torque for rotating the anchor rod is greater than or equal to 300n·m.

In some embodiments, the slow anchor has an anchoring length of 600-1200 mm, the fast anchor has an anchoring length of 800-1400 mm, and the bolt has a tightening length of 800-1400 mm.

In some embodiments, waiting for a preset period of time to be less than the slow anchor setting period of time and greater than or equal to the fast anchor setting period of time, the fast anchor setting period of time being 15-60 seconds, the slow anchor setting period of time being greater than 240 seconds.

In some embodiments, the slow anchor and the fast anchor are A, B two-component anchors, the a component comprising a curative, a thickener, an expansion agent, and an accelerator, the B component comprising an unsaturated polyester resin, the curative content of the slow anchor being less than the curative content of the fast anchor.

In some embodiments, the curing agent is a peroxide catalyst, the thickener is a nonmetallic thickener, and the expansion agent is an aluminum-containing expansion agent.

In some embodiments, the anchor support device further comprises a controller, the propulsion mechanism, the drive mechanism, the first chemical grouting pump, and the second chemical grouting pump of the anchor support device are all electrohydraulically controlled driven, and the controller is electrically connected with the propulsion mechanism, the drive mechanism, the first chemical grouting pump, and the second chemical grouting pump to control the propulsion mechanism, the drive mechanism, the first chemical grouting pump, and the second chemical grouting pump.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the connection of a chemical grouting pump and anchors according to an automated full length pre-stressed anchoring method in an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic illustration of an anchoring agent on a bolt according to an automated full length pre-stressed anchoring method in an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of an anchoring agent filling a fracture around a borehole wall according to an automated full length pre-stressed anchoring method in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals: 1. a first chemical grouting pump; 2. a second chemical grouting pump; 3. and (5) anchoring rods.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.

The anchor bolt supporting device comprises an anchor bolt mechanism, a driving mechanism, a grouting mechanism and a propelling mechanism, wherein the anchor bolt mechanism comprises an anchor bolt 3, a grouting channel is arranged in the anchor bolt 3 along the length direction of the anchor bolt, the driving mechanism is connected with the anchor bolt mechanism and is used for driving the anchor bolt 3 to rotate so as to realize drilling and pretension, the grouting mechanism is connected with the grouting channel and is used for grouting the grouting channel, and the propelling mechanism is connected with the driving mechanism and is used for propelling the anchor bolt 3 to drill. After the anchor rod 3 finishes the drilling operation, the grouting mechanism performs grouting on the grouting channel, and finally flows into the drilling hole to realize anchoring. The driving end of the pushing mechanism is connected with the tail end of the anchor rod 3, and the pushing mechanism pushes the anchor rod 3 along the drilling direction while the anchor rod 3 rotates to drill, so that the anchor rod 3 drills, and the drilling depth is finished. The first end of stock 3 is equipped with the drill bit, and the drill bit is equipped with the play thick liquid hole with slip casting passageway intercommunication, and the second end of stock 3 is equipped with stopper, pretension nut, aligning ball pad and tray in proper order along the direction of stock 3's second end to first end, and stock 3's second end is equipped with the screw thread with pretension nut spiro union adaptation. The limiting block is provided with a grouting through hole communicated with the grouting channel, and a grouting port of the grouting pump is connected with the grouting channel. The driving mechanism acts on the pre-tightening nut, the pre-tightening nut drives the anchor rod 3 to rotate to realize drilling, the driving mechanism drives the pre-tightening nut to rotate, pressure is generated on the aligning ball pad, the aligning ball pad acts on the tray, the tray is matched with the surrounding rock wall to realize pre-tightening of the anchor rod 3, when the driving mechanism drives the pre-tightening nut to move along the direction back to the drilling direction of the anchor rod 3, the limiting block plays a limiting role on the pre-tightening nut to prevent the pre-tightening nut from separating from the anchor rod 3, and at the moment, the anchor rod 3 and the pre-tightening nut rotate together to realize drilling; when the driving mechanism drives the pre-tightening nut to move along the drilling direction, the pre-tightening nut rotates relative to the anchor rod 3, and pressure is generated on the aligning ball pad and the tray, so that pre-tightening is realized. The output end of a driver of the driving mechanism is connected with the pre-tightening nut, the driver can be a motor, an air cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder or an internal combustion engine, and the driver is used for driving the pre-tightening nut to rotate forward or reversely. The propelling mechanism comprises a base and a propelling drill arm, the propelling drill arm is arranged on the base, the output end of the propelling drill arm is connected with the driving mechanism to propel the anchor rod 3 along the drilling direction, a guide rail arranged along the drilling direction is arranged on the base, and the driving mechanism is slidably arranged on the guide rail.

According to the embodiment of the invention, the automatic full-length prestress anchoring method comprises the following steps of:

Drilling, wherein a driving mechanism of the anchor rod supporting device drives the anchor rod 3 to rotate in a first direction for drilling, and the drilling position is cleaned and deslagged in the drilling process; the water injection enters the grouting channel to wash drill cuttings of the drilled hole, the drilled hole is cleaned and deslagged by means of the grouting channel of the anchor rod 3, the drill cuttings can be washed in the drilling process to obtain the drilled hole with less coal dust residue, the quality of the drilled hole is improved, and the anchoring agent is fully contacted with the drilled hole.

The method comprises the steps that a first chemical grouting pump 1 of a grouting mechanism of an anchor rod supporting device is used for enabling a slow anchoring agent to enter a gap between an anchor rod 3 and a drill hole through a pipeline and a grouting channel of the anchor rod 3 and be fully mixed, injection is stopped after the slow anchoring agent is injected into the first chemical grouting pump 1 to reach a preset amount, the fully mixed slow anchoring agent forms high-viscosity paste, the first chemical grouting pump 1 is stopped and a second chemical grouting pump 2 is started by the grouting mechanism, and a quick anchoring agent is enabled to enter the gap between the anchor rod 3 and the drill hole through the pipeline and the grouting channel of the anchor rod 3 and be fully mixed by the second chemical grouting pump 2; the anchoring agent can be low-viscosity liquid, the viscosity range of the low-viscosity liquid can be 100 mPas-500 mPas, the anchoring agent forms high-viscosity paste after reaction, and the viscosity range of the high-viscosity paste can be 10000 mPas-20000 mPas.

And pre-tightening, waiting for a preset time period, and driving the anchor rod 3 to rotate along a second direction after the quick anchoring agent is solidified and when the slow anchoring agent is not solidified so that the anchor rod 3 which is partially wrapped by the slow anchoring agent applies pre-tightening force to surrounding rock, wherein the slow anchoring agent is solidified so as to fill a gap between a drilling hole and the anchor rod 3.

The automatic full-length prestress anchoring method provided by the embodiment of the application has the advantages of good anchoring effect, convenience in automatic construction and no need of hole sealing. The application has the following advantages: according to the application, two anchoring agents are sequentially injected, and a slow anchoring section and a fast anchoring section can be formed in the hole in sequence through slow anchoring and fast anchoring of materials, the materials of the two anchoring sections are high-viscosity paste without pumping pressure and flowing in the hole, so that the method is suitable for complex drilling conditions, no hole sealing is needed to prevent slurry of the anchoring agents from flowing out, and compared with the resin anchoring agents, the method has the advantages of less manual participation, simple process and convenience in automatic construction; the pre-tightening force is applied to the non-anchored section of the anchor rod 3, so that full-length pre-stress anchoring can be formed, and the anchoring effect is better.

In some embodiments, after the anchor support device completes the drilling step, the anchor support device remains secured against the surrounding rock at the borehole to perform the pre-tightening step.

Specifically, the tray of the anchor rod supporting device is kept to be attached to and fixed with surrounding rock at a drilling position, the drilling and pre-tightening steps are completed by a drilling machine, the anchor rod 3 and the drilling machine do not need to be switched and moved between a special grouting device and a pre-tightening device, the process steps are reduced, and automatic construction is facilitated.

In some embodiments, the high viscosity paste formed by the slow anchor adheres to the borehole wall, the viscosity of the high viscosity paste being greater than a target viscosity such that the high viscosity paste does not sag within the borehole.

Specifically, the viscosity range of the high-viscosity paste can be 10000 mPas to 20000 mPas, when the viscosity of the high-viscosity paste is required to meet the condition that the extending direction of the drilling hole is vertical to the ground, the high-viscosity paste formed by the anchoring agent does not sag in the drilling hole, so that the anchoring agent is ensured to compactly fill the gap between the anchor rod 3 and the drilling hole under the condition of no hole sealing device, the hole sealing device is omitted, complicated hole sealing steps are reduced, and the automation of the whole construction process is facilitated.

In some embodiments, the fast and slow anchors fill the surrounding fissures at the borehole at the pumping pressures of the first and second chemical grouting pumps 1,2 to complete the collapsed hole aperture irregularities of the borehole.

Specifically, the anchoring agent flows into surrounding rock cracks under the drive of pumping pressure, can fill up the hollow uneven surface and cracks of the drilling holes in the flowing process, wraps the crushed coal rock blocks of the collapsed holes in the anchoring section, increases the friction force along the axial direction of the anchor rod 3, enhances the anchoring force of the anchor rod 3 and ensures the anchoring effect.

In some embodiments, in the pre-tightening step, the driving mechanism or the pre-tightening wrench drives the anchor rod 3 to rotate along the second direction, and the pre-tightening torque for rotating the anchor rod 3 is greater than or equal to 300n·m.

Specifically, in the pre-tightening step, the pre-tightening force on the anchor rod 3 can be applied by a driving mechanism to realize automatic construction operation, or can be applied by a manual auxiliary rotating pre-tightening wrench, and the pre-tightening torque is more than or equal to 300 N.m, so that the stratum can be compacted through the pre-tightening effect when the pre-tightening force is applied, and the bearing effect of the whole stratum is realized.

In some embodiments, the pre-tightening nut rotates under the driving of the drilling box, the pre-tightening nut drives the rod body of the anchor rod 3 to rotate until the tray on the anchor rod 3 is tightly attached to the rock wall, the pushing mechanism is used for pushing the anchor rod 3 to move towards the drilling direction, when the pushing pressure of the pushing mechanism is increased to a preset range, the pushing of the anchor rod 3 is stopped to stop drilling, the slow anchoring agent pumped by the first chemical grouting pump 1 is pumped to the bottom of the drilling hole and fills part of a gap between the anchor rod 3 and the wall of the drilling hole, after the preset pumping amount is completed, the first chemical grouting pump 1 is stopped, the second chemical grouting pump 2 is started and the fast anchoring agent mixed by the anchor rod 3 is pumped into the drilling hole, and the fast anchoring agent pushes the slow anchoring agent to completely fill the gap between the anchor rod 3 and the wall of the drilling hole.

Specifically, grouting mechanism is linked together with the slip casting passageway of stock 3 and is used for grouting to stock 3, the first end of stock 3 sets up the drill bit, pretension nut is located the second end of stock 3 and with stock 3 threaded connection, actuating mechanism's output links to each other with pretension nut in order to drive pretension nut corotation or reversal, advancing mechanism's drill boom sets up on the base, the output of drill boom is connected with actuating mechanism in order to impel stock 3 along the drilling direction, actuating mechanism sets up on the boring machine case, actuating mechanism in the boring machine case drives pretension nut and rotates in order to drive stock 3 rotation, the drill boom changes the position of stock 3 in the drilling and realizes regulation and the control of drilling depth of penetration, set up two chemical grouting pumps respectively and can inject fast anchor and slow anchor into stock 3 in, avoid the anchor to share same grouting pump to cause the reaction in advance, fast anchor and slow anchor's injection order makes can rely on fast anchor to promote slow anchor to move between 3 and the pore wall and realize filling to the clearance, with the pump pressure promotes the anchor 3, when moving anchor stock flowing in the drilling material, the automatic construction efficiency is not guaranteed, the anchor is not stopped in the drilling construction process.

In some embodiments, the anchoring length of the slow anchoring agent is 600-1200 mm, the anchoring length of the fast anchoring agent is 800-1400 mm, and the tensioning length of the anchor rod 3 applying the pre-tightening force is 800-1400 mm.

Specifically, the anchoring lengths of the two anchoring agents are different, the two anchoring lengths are combined to form the whole length of the anchor rod 3, the anchoring length of the anchoring agent has influence on the curing time and injection quantity of the anchoring agent, and the addition proportion of the two anchoring agents can be changed by changing the anchoring length so as to adapt to the drilling condition and realize the change of the curing time of the fast anchoring agent and the slow anchoring agent. The quick anchoring agent of the anchor rod 3 is solidified, the anchor rod 3 is wrapped by the slow anchoring agent to wrap the anchor rod 3 to form a pre-tightening section when the anchor rod 3 rotates, as shown in fig. 2, after the full-length anchoring agent formed by the quick anchoring agent and the slow anchoring agent is solidified, the anchor rod 3 can be protected by the anchoring agent to form a protective layer outside the anchor rod 3 to prevent rock stratum from dislocating and shearing the anchor rod 3, the anchor rod 3 is stretched to enable surrounding rock in the range of the slow anchoring section to be stretched and pre-tightened to form a deep-drawing pre-tightening section, the whole bearing of the surrounding rock is realized, and the rock stratum is further prevented from dislocating the rod.

In some embodiments, waiting for a preset period of time to be less than the slow anchor setting period of time and greater than or equal to the fast anchor setting period of time, the fast anchor setting period of time being 15-60 seconds, the slow anchor setting period of time being greater than 240 seconds.

Specifically, the preset time period is waited for between the solidification time periods of the two anchoring agents so as to apply the pretightening force under the fixation of the fast anchoring agent, and a larger interval exists between the solidification time periods of the fast anchoring agent and the slow anchoring agent so as to perform the pretightening step.

In some embodiments, the slow anchor and the fast anchor are A, B two-component anchors, the a component comprising a curative, a thickener, an expansion agent, and an accelerator, the B component comprising an unsaturated polyester resin, the curative content of the slow anchor being less than the curative content of the fast anchor.

Specifically, the anchoring agent adopts a two-component anchoring agent, A, B two components are low-viscosity liquid before mixing, A, B two components react to form a paste with high viscosity after mixing, the paste can not flow downwards in a vertical downward drilling hole until the paste is thoroughly solidified, unsaturated polyester of the component B is subjected to polymerization reaction under the action of a curing agent of the component A and an accelerator, and the thickening agent increases the initial viscosity of a reaction product and forms the paste with high viscosity before complete solidification. The expanding agent increases the final volume of the reaction product, which increases slightly. The reaction rate of the two anchoring agents varies depending on the amount of the curing agent added.

In some embodiments, the curing agent is a peroxide catalyst, the thickener is a nonmetallic thickener, and the expansion agent is an aluminum-containing expansion agent.

Specifically, the thickener may be fumed silica, and the swelling agent may be any one or more of alumina, calcium sulfoaluminate, aluminum sulfate mixture swelling agent, etc.

In some embodiments, the anchor support device further comprises a controller, the propulsion mechanism, the driving mechanism, the first chemical grouting pump 1 and the second chemical grouting pump 2 of the anchor support device are all electrohydraulically controlled driving, and the controller is electrically connected with the propulsion mechanism, the driving mechanism, the first chemical grouting pump 1 and the second chemical grouting pump 2 to control the propulsion mechanism, the driving mechanism, the first chemical grouting pump 1 and the second chemical grouting pump 2.

Specifically, the drill boom, the drill box, the driving mechanism and the two grouting pumps of the propelling mechanism are all electrohydraulic control driving energy to realize electrohydraulic control, so that the anchoring automation is convenient to carry out, and manual assistance is not needed. The controller can be a micro-program controller, and the controller controls each mechanism of the anchor rod supporting device to execute the anchor rod supporting steps respectively, so that the automatic control of each action in the method can be realized, the manual assistance is reduced, and the anchoring efficiency is improved.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically connected, may be electrically connected or may be in communication with each other; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.

For purposes of this disclosure, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "a particular example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.

While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it should be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives, and variations of the above embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. An automated full-length prestressed anchorage method, comprising the steps of:

Drilling, wherein a driving mechanism of the anchor rod supporting device drives the anchor rod to rotate in a first direction for drilling, and the anchor rod cleans and deslaggs a drilling position in the drilling process;

A first chemical grouting pump of a grouting mechanism of the anchor rod supporting device is used for enabling a slow anchoring agent to enter a gap between the anchor rod and the drilling hole through a pipeline and a grouting channel of the anchor rod and be fully mixed, the injection of the slow anchoring agent is stopped after the slow anchoring agent is injected by the first chemical grouting pump to reach a preset amount, the slow anchoring agent after being fully mixed forms high-viscosity paste, the first chemical grouting pump is stopped by the grouting mechanism and a second chemical grouting pump is started, and a quick anchoring agent is enabled to enter the gap between the anchor rod and the drilling hole through the pipeline and the grouting channel of the anchor rod and be fully mixed by the second chemical grouting pump;

And pre-tightening, namely waiting for a preset time period, driving the anchor rod to rotate along a second direction after the quick anchoring agent is cured and when the slow anchoring agent is not cured so as to enable the anchor rod partially wrapped by the slow anchoring agent to apply pre-tightening force to surrounding rock, wherein the slow anchoring agent is cured so as to fill a gap between the drill hole and the anchor rod.

2. The automated full length prestressed anchorage process of claim 1, wherein said anchor support means remains snugly secured to the surrounding rock at said borehole for said pre-tightening step after said drilling step is completed.

3. The automated full length prestressed anchorage process of claim 1, wherein said slow anchorage agent forms a high viscosity paste that adheres to the borehole wall, said high viscosity paste having a viscosity greater than a target viscosity such that said high viscosity paste does not sag within said borehole.

4. The automated full length prestressed anchorage method of claim 1, wherein said fast and slow anchors fill the surrounding fissures of the surrounding rock at the borehole at the pumping pressures of the first and second chemical grouting pumps to complete the collapse pore size irregularities of the borehole.

5. The automated full length prestressed anchorage method of claim 1, wherein in said pre-tightening step, said driving mechanism or pre-tightening wrench drives said anchor rod to rotate in a second direction, and the pre-tightening torque to rotate said anchor rod is 300N-m or more.

6. The automated full length prestressed anchorage method of claim 1, wherein the anchorage length of the slow anchorage agent is 600-1200 mm, the anchorage length of the fast anchorage agent is 800-1400 mm, and the tightening length of the anchor rod applying the prestressing force is 800-1400 mm.

7. The automated full-length prestressed anchorage method of claim 1, wherein waiting for a preset duration is less than the slow-speed anchorage agent setting duration and greater than or equal to the fast-speed anchorage agent setting duration, the fast-speed anchorage agent setting duration being 15-60 s, the slow-speed anchorage agent setting duration being greater than 240s.

8. The automated full length prestressed anchorage method of claim 1, wherein the slow anchorage agent and the fast anchorage agent are A, B two-component anchorage agents, component a comprises a curing agent, a thickening agent, an expanding agent and an accelerator, component B comprises an unsaturated polyester resin, and the curing agent content of the slow anchorage agent is less than the curing agent content of the fast anchorage agent.

9. The automated full length prestressed anchorage method of claim 8, wherein said curing agent is a peroxide catalyst, said thickener is a nonmetallic thickener, and said expander is an aluminum-containing expander.

10. The automated full length prestressed anchorage method of claim 1, further comprising a controller, wherein the propulsion mechanism, the driving mechanism, the first chemical grouting pump, and the second chemical grouting pump of the anchor support device are all electrohydraulically controlled driven, and wherein the controller is electrically connected to the propulsion mechanism, the driving mechanism, the first chemical grouting pump, and the second chemical grouting pump to control the propulsion mechanism, the driving mechanism, the first chemical grouting pump, and the second chemical grouting pump.