CN118007158A

CN118007158A - Electrode frame, bipolar plate, diaphragm liquid storage electrolytic tank and electrolytic water hydrogen production system

Info

Publication number: CN118007158A
Application number: CN202410044783.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙朱行; 马军
Original assignee: Xi'an Longji Hydrogen Energy Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Xi'an Longji Hydrogen Energy Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2024-01-11
Filing date: 2024-01-11
Publication date: 2024-05-10

Abstract

The application provides a polar frame, a bipolar plate, a diaphragm liquid storage electrolytic tank and an electrolytic water hydrogen production system, wherein the polar frame comprises: a pole frame body; a liquid flow channel opening; a first gas flow passage opening and a second gas flow passage opening; a first gas passage; and a second gas passage. According to the electrode frame provided by the application, when the diaphragm liquid storage electrolytic water hydrogen production is carried out, the liquid supply can be conveyed through the liquid flow passage opening; through the arrangement mode of the openings of the liquid flow channels, the stable effect of diffusion or permeation and the like of the porous diaphragm can be ensured, and the liquid supply is conveyed to the electrode for electrolysis without influencing the output and collection of gas; the output of the prepared gas is realized through the first gas channel, the first gas channel opening, the second gas channel and the second gas channel opening, so that the diaphragm liquid storage electrolytic water hydrogen production scheme with industrial practical value can be realized.

Description

Electrode frame, bipolar plate, diaphragm liquid storage electrolytic tank and electrolytic water hydrogen production system

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of hydrogen production by water electrolysis, in particular to a polar frame, a bipolar plate, a diaphragm liquid storage electrolytic tank and a hydrogen production system by water electrolysis.

Background

Development and evolution of green energy technologies such as photovoltaic, wind power, hydrogen energy and the like are important in promoting global sustainable energy development. In recent years, with the wide popularization of renewable energy source power such as wind, photoelectricity and the like, the fluctuation and intermittence characteristics limit the duty ratio of the renewable energy source power in a power grid. Wind and photovoltaic power that is not networked and cannot be used directly must be stored or utilized efficiently in a certain form. The electrolytic water hydrogen production system effectively converts renewable energy power into hydrogen chemical energy (green hydrogen) to be stored, and long-period storage can be realized. Meanwhile, hydrogen is an important industrial chemical and has great industrial application value. The efficiency of the electrolytic hydrogen production system is improved, namely, the conversion efficiency from electric energy to hydrogen energy is improved, higher energy utilization rate can be realized, and the unit hydrogen production cost is effectively reduced.

In the existing electrolytic tank for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water, besides the voltage loss caused by the electrode overpotential, the electric energy loss is increased by the higher ion transfer resistance in the diaphragm. Meanwhile, electrolyte is circulated on one side (an exchange membrane electrolytic tank) or both sides of the existing electrolytic tank, and bubbles generated in the electrolytic process, particularly bubbles which need to be transmitted through the electrolyte, are easy to disperse in the electrolyte and cover the surface of the electrode, so that the ion transfer resistance and the electrode overpotential are increased, and the electrolytic energy consumption is further improved.

At present, in the scheme of diaphragm liquid storage electrolytic water hydrogen production, water is supplied to hydrogen evolution and oxygen evolution electrodes through the induction of pores of a porous diaphragm, so that the inherent bubble-free operation is realized at the electrodes, and the energy efficiency is higher, but the corresponding scheme of diaphragm liquid storage electrolytic water hydrogen production with industrial practical value is not developed in the existing scheme.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the application provides a pole frame which is used for diaphragm liquid storage and water electrolysis hydrogen production, and a corresponding bipolar plate, diaphragm liquid storage electrolytic tank and water electrolysis hydrogen production system. The technical scheme of the application is as follows:

a pole frame for producing hydrogen by diaphragm liquid storage and water electrolysis, comprising:

A pole frame body;

the liquid flow passage openings are arranged on the polar frame body;

A first gas flow channel opening and a second gas flow channel opening, the distance of the liquid flow channel opening from the middle opening of the pole frame being less than the distance of the first gas flow channel opening from the middle opening of the pole frame, and the distance of the liquid flow channel opening from the middle opening of the pole frame being less than the distance of the second gas flow channel opening from the middle opening of the pole frame;

The first gas channel is communicated with the first gas flow channel opening and one side of the middle opening of the polar frame;

The second gas channel is communicated with the second gas flow channel opening and the other side of the middle opening of the polar frame.

Preferably, at least a portion of at least one of the liquid flow channel openings is located in the upper half of the pole frame body.

Preferably, all of at least one of the liquid flow channel openings is located in the upper half of the pole frame body; and/or the ratio of the total area of the liquid flow passage openings at the upper half of the polar frame body to the total area of the liquid flow passage openings at the lower half of the polar frame body is (0.8-1): 1.

Preferably, the distance from the side of each liquid flow channel opening near the middle opening of the polar frame to the middle opening of the polar frame is the same.

Preferably, the opening of the liquid flow channel accounts for 5-15% of the total area of the polar frame, and preferably 6-12%; and/or the liquid flow passage opening, the first gas flow passage opening and/or the second gas flow passage opening are circular, regular polygonal, kidney-shaped and/or strip-shaped; and/or the electrode frame body material is a metal material or a polymer material; and/or the polar frame is a circular ring frame or an elliptical ring frame or a polygonal frame.

A bipolar plate, comprising: the electrode frame of any one of the above; the main pole plate is positioned at the middle opening of the pole frame and is made of conductive materials.

Preferably, the main pole plate is a mastoid plate.

A diaphragm reservoir electrolyzer, comprising: a cathode end plate and an anode end plate; the bipolar plate of any one of the above, wherein more than two bipolar plates are positioned between the cathode end plate and the anode end plate; a cathode located on one side of the bipolar plate; an anode positioned on the other side of the bipolar plate; a porous membrane positioned between the two bipolar plates, the porous membrane extending over a portion of the liquid flow channel openings and not extending to the first gas flow channel opening and the second gas flow channel opening; and a sealing gasket positioned between the two bipolar plates, between the bipolar plates and the cathode end plate, and between the bipolar plates and the anode end plate to seal.

Preferably, the cathode comprises a cathode support layer and a catalytic active layer formed on the surface of the cathode support layer, or the cathode is a catalytic active layer formed on the surface of the porous diaphragm, or the cathode is a self-supporting net or a porous material; and/or the anode comprises an anode supporting layer and a catalytic active layer formed on the surface of the anode supporting layer, or the anode is the catalytic active layer formed on the surface of the porous diaphragm, or the anode is a self-supporting net or a porous material.

Preferably, the porosity and thickness of the cathode support layer are both greater than those of the catalytically active layer formed on the surface of the cathode support layer; and/or, the anode support layer has a porosity and a thickness greater than those of the catalytically active layer formed on the surface of the anode support layer.

Preferably, the porous separator includes: a core porous layer, the pore diameter of the core porous layer is 4-50 mu m; the sealing edge is positioned on the periphery of the core porous layer, is made of a heat-resistant alkali-rich hydrophobic breathable material, and covers part of the liquid flow passage opening.

Preferably, the pore size of the core porous layer is 9 to 30 μm.

Preferably, the aperture of the edge sealing is 0.05-5 mu m, and the thickness is 5-30 mu m.

Preferably, the thickness of the edge seal is 8-16 μm.

Preferably, the cathode end plate includes: a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, wherein more than two liquid inlets and outlets respectively correspond to different liquid flow passage openings; the gas outlets are respectively corresponding to the first gas flow passage opening and the second gas flow passage opening; the cathode end plate and the adjacent bipolar plate are provided with a first liquid storage space for liquid to flow together.

Preferably, a second liquid storage space is arranged between the anode end plate and the adjacent bipolar plate, so that liquid flows to the reverse branch after being converged.

An electrolyzed water hydrogen production system comprising: the diaphragm liquid storage electrolyzer of any one of the above.

Preferably, the electrolytic water hydrogen production system further comprises: the liquid circulation replenishing system is used for replenishing liquid into the diaphragm liquid storage electrolytic tank; and/or a power control system to supply power to the diaphragm reservoir electrolyzer for electrolysis of water; and/or a gas post-treatment system for post-treating the gas prepared by the diaphragm liquid storage electrolyzer; and/or a thermal management system for controlling the temperature within the diaphragm reservoir.

According to the electrode frame provided by the application, when the diaphragm liquid storage electrolytic water hydrogen production is carried out, the liquid supply can be conveyed through the liquid flow passage opening; compared with the first gas flow passage opening and the second gas flow passage opening, at least part of the liquid flow passage opening is positioned at the inner side of the electrode frame body, so that the liquid supply can be conveyed to the electrode for electrolysis through the functions of diffusion or permeation of the porous diaphragm, and the like, and the output and collection of the gas are not influenced; the output of the prepared gas is realized through the first gas channel, the first gas channel opening, the second gas channel and the second gas channel opening, so that the diaphragm liquid storage electrolytic water hydrogen production scheme with industrial practical value can be realized.

The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present application, to the extent that it can be implemented according to the content of the specification by those skilled in the art, and to make the above-mentioned and other objects, features and advantages of the present application more obvious, the following description is given by way of example of the present application.

Drawings

Fig. 1: a schematic structural diagram of one side of a pole frame in one embodiment of the application;

fig. 2: another embodiment of the application is a schematic structural diagram of the other side of the pole frame;

Fig. 3: a schematic structural diagram of one side of a pole frame in one embodiment of the application;

Fig. 4: another embodiment of the application is a schematic structural diagram of the other side of the pole frame;

fig. 5: a structural schematic of a bipolar plate and related structures in one embodiment of the present application;

fig. 6: a schematic structural diagram of a diaphragm liquid storage electrolytic cell in one embodiment of the application;

fig. 7: a schematic diagram of the structural explosion of a diaphragm liquid storage electrolytic cell in one embodiment of the application;

fig. 8: a schematic structural view of a porous separator in one embodiment of the present application;

fig. 9: in one embodiment of the application, the porous diaphragm and the electrode frame are structurally schematic;

Fig. 10: a schematic structural view of a cathode end plate in one embodiment of the application;

Fig. 11: the anode end plate in one embodiment of the application is schematically constructed.

Reference numerals illustrate:

10. A pole frame; 11. a pole frame body; 12. a liquid flow channel opening; 13. a first gas flow passage opening; 14. a second gas flow passage opening; 131. a first gas passage; 141. a second gas passage; 15. an opening in the middle;

2. A main electrode plate;

31. A cathode support layer; 32. an anode support layer;

41. a catalytically active layer formed on the surface of the cathode support layer; 42. a catalytically active layer formed on the surface of the anode support layer;

5. A porous separator; 51. a core porous layer; 52. sealing edges;

6. a sealing gasket;

7. a cathode end plate; 71. a liquid inlet and outlet; 72. a gas outlet; 73. a first liquid storage space;

8. an anode end plate; 81. a second liquid storage space;

dashed line x, porous membrane mounting location.

Detailed Description

The following embodiments of the application are merely illustrative of specific embodiments for carrying out the application and are not to be construed as limiting the application. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not depart from the spirit and principles of the application are intended to be equivalent arrangements which are within the scope of the application.

It should be understood by those skilled in the art that, in the disclosure of the present application, the terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," "fifth," etc. are used merely to distinguish between different structures, and do not limit the number of specific structures, connection relationships, etc.; additionally, references to orientations or positional relationships of "longitudinal," "transverse," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are merely for purposes of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than to indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be configured and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore the above terminology is not to be construed as limiting the present application.

In one embodiment, a pole frame 10 is provided for use in membrane (porous membrane) reservoir feed electrolytic water hydrogen production, as shown in fig. 1-4, comprising:

A pole frame body 11;

A liquid flow passage opening 12, wherein more than two liquid flow passage openings 12 are arranged on the polar frame body 11;

a first gas flow channel opening 13 and a second gas flow channel opening 14, the distance L1 of the liquid flow channel opening 12 from the middle opening 15 of the pole frame being smaller than the distance L2 of the first gas flow channel opening 13 from the middle opening 15 of the pole frame, and the distance L1 of the liquid flow channel opening 12 from the middle opening 15 of the pole frame being smaller than the distance L3 of the second gas flow channel opening 14 from the middle opening of the pole frame (i.e. L1 is smaller than L2 and L1 is smaller than L3);

a first gas channel 131, wherein the first gas channel 131 communicates the first gas flow channel opening 13 with one side of the middle opening 15 of the polar frame;

And a second gas channel 141, wherein the second gas channel 141 communicates the second gas flow channel opening 14 with the other side of the middle opening 15 of the polar frame.

The material of the electrode frame body 11 may be a metal material or a polymer material.

The shape of the pole frame 11 is not particularly limited, and specific examples thereof include: annular frames such as circular or elliptical annular frames; polygonal frames such as regular polygonal frames and rectangular frames.

In the present application, the first gas flow passage opening 13 and the second gas flow passage opening 14 may be provided independently (e.g., 2, 3,4, 5 or more) as needed, and in this embodiment, one is provided.

In the present application, the distance (e.g., L1, L2, L3, etc.) between the flow channel opening (e.g., the liquid flow channel opening 12, the first gas flow channel opening 13, the second gas flow channel opening 14, etc.) and the middle opening 15 of the polar frame refers to the minimum value of the distance between the side of the corresponding flow channel opening near the middle opening 15 of the polar frame and the outer edge of the middle opening 15 of the polar frame.

The first gas flow passage opening 13 and the second gas flow passage opening 14 may be disposed on the same side of the electrode frame body 11 as in the prior art, and after being mounted in the diaphragm liquid storage electrolytic cell, they may be disposed at the upper part of the electrolytic cell, so as to facilitate the outward gas transportation. As shown in fig. 1 to 4 of the present application, the first gas flow passage opening 13 and the second gas flow passage opening 14 are both located on the upper side of the pole frame body 11.

In the above technical solution provided in this embodiment, when the electrode frame 10 is used for producing hydrogen by electrolysis, as in the electrolytic tank of the prior art, it is necessary to sequentially laminate the electrode frame 10 and other structural layers (see in detail below), at this time, two or more liquid flow passage openings 12 can respectively form liquid flow passages through which liquid is supplied (such as pure water or aqueous solution with pH being equal to or greater than 7 (such as low concentration alkali, salt solution, seawater, etc.), so as to facilitate the circulation of the liquid supplied in the electrolytic tank. Also, two or more first gas flow passage openings 13 and second gas flow passage openings 14 can be formed to flow the produced gas (hydrogen/oxygen) gas flow passages, respectively, by lamination, thereby facilitating recovery of the produced gas.

In this embodiment, L1 is smaller than L2 and L1 is smaller than L3, that is, when at least a part of the liquid flow passage opening is located at the inner side (closer to the middle opening 15) of the polar frame body compared to the first gas flow passage opening 13 and the second gas flow passage opening 14, referring to fig. 1,3 and 9, the porous membrane can extend to cover at least a part of the liquid flow passage opening 12 and not extend to the first gas flow passage opening 13 and the second gas flow passage opening 14, so that the liquid supply can be conveyed to the electrode for electrolysis by diffusion or permeation of the porous membrane, without affecting the output and collection of the gas.

When the electrode frame 10 is used for electrolytic hydrogen production, anode chambers and cathode chambers (see below) are formed on both sides (or referred to as both sides), respectively, and at this time, the gases (hydrogen/oxygen) produced in the anode chambers and the cathode chambers need to be discharged, respectively. For this reason, in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, a first gas channel 131 and a second gas channel 141 are further disposed on the pole frame 10, respectively, where the first gas channel 131 communicates with one side of the first gas channel opening 13 and the middle opening 15 of the pole frame, and the second gas channel 141 communicates with the second gas channel opening 14 and the other side of the middle opening 15 of the pole frame. Specifically, the first gas channel 131 and the second gas channel 141 may be grooves (refer to fig. 1 to 4) provided on both sides of the pole frame body 11, or may be through holes provided in the pole frame body 11.

Therefore, when the electrode frame 10 provided by the embodiment is used for producing hydrogen by diaphragm liquid storage and electrolysis, the liquid can be conveyed through the liquid flow passage opening 12; by comparing with the first gas flow passage opening 13 and the second gas flow passage opening 14, at least part of the liquid flow passage opening 12 is positioned at the inner side of the electrode frame body, and the direct effect is that the liquid can be ensured to stably pass through the diffusion or permeation of the porous diaphragm and the like, and the liquid is conveyed to the electrode for electrolysis without influencing the output and collection of the gas; the gas guided out of the gas flow channel is not contacted with the liquid supply, so that impurity ions in the liquid supply are not carried, and a subsequent gas-liquid separation module can be omitted. The output of the prepared gas is achieved through the first gas passage 131, the first gas flow passage opening 13, the second gas passage 141, and the second gas flow passage opening 14.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1-4, at least a portion of at least one of the liquid flow channel openings 12 is located in the upper half of the pole frame body. For example, specifically, all of at least one of the liquid flow channel openings is located in the upper half of the pole frame body.

The porous membrane conveys the liquid supply to the electrode for electrolytic hydrogen production by diffusion or permeation. When the size of the device is large, if the liquid flow passage openings are all arranged at the lower half part of the electrode frame body, the porous diaphragm cannot stably convey the liquid supply to the upper part of the electrode due to the action of gravity and the like so as to carry out electrolytic hydrogen production. According to the technical scheme, the porous diaphragm can be ensured to directly acquire the liquid supply from the liquid flow passage opening at a higher position, so that the liquid supply is conveyed to the electrode through the functions of diffusion or permeation and the like, and the liquid is stably and completely supplied to the electrode. In the present application, the upper half and the lower half of the pole frame body refer to the upper half of the pole frame body and the lower half of the pole frame body when the pole frame is in the installation state (i.e. the state when the pole frame is installed in the diaphragm liquid storage electrolyzer, i.e. the state that the first gas flow passage opening and the second gas flow passage opening are positioned at the upper side of the pole frame body), and the horizontal straight line passing through the geometric center of the pole frame body divides the pole frame body into the upper half and the lower half, wherein the part positioned at the upper part of the horizontal straight line is referred to as the upper half of the pole frame body, and the part positioned at the lower part of the horizontal straight line is referred to as the lower half of the pole frame body.

In order to ensure the flow field and uniformity of the liquid supplied to the electrode, the total area of the liquid flow passage openings in the upper half of the electrode frame body is not more than the total area of the liquid flow passage openings in the lower half of the electrode frame body, preferably, the ratio of the total area of the liquid flow passage openings in the upper half of the electrode frame body to the total area of the liquid flow passage openings in the lower half of the electrode frame body is (0.8 to 1): 1, more specifically, 1, more preferably, 1 ,0.8:1、0.81:1、0.82:1、0.83:1、0.84:1、0.85:1、0.86:1、0.87:1、0.88:1、0.89:1、0.9:1、0.91:1、0.92:1、0.93:1、0.94:1、0.95:1、0.96:1、0.97:1、0.98:1、0.99:1、1:1.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the distance from the side of each of the liquid flow channel openings near the middle opening of the pole frame to the middle opening of the pole frame is the same. Thus, when the electrolytic cell is assembled, the porous diaphragm can be ensured to extend to cover a part of all the openings of the liquid flow channels, and liquid supply to the electrodes can be better realized.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1-4, to ensure that the area and distribution of the liquid flow channel openings 12 in the polar frame 10 can meet the requirement of relatively uniform supply of liquid to the porous membrane, and at the same time ensure the mechanical stability of the whole polar frame, the liquid flow channel openings account for 5-15%, preferably 6-12%, more specifically, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11% and 12% of the total area of the polar frame; and/or the liquid flow channel opening, the first gas flow channel opening and/or the second gas flow channel opening are circular, regular polygon, waist-shaped or strip-shaped, or a combination thereof, such as in the polar frame exemplarily shown in fig. 1 and 2, the liquid flow channel opening comprises a combination of waist-shaped and circular shape; and/or the length of the liquid flow channel opening, the first gas flow channel opening and/or the second gas flow channel opening in the width direction of the polar frame is 0.25-0.4 times, preferably 0.3-0.35 times, more specifically, alternatively, 0.3 times, 0.31 times, 0.32 times, 0.33 times, 0.34 times, 0.35 times the width of the polar frame.

In one embodiment, a bipolar plate is provided, as shown in fig. 5, comprising:

any of the above-described pole frames 10;

A main pole plate 2 which is positioned in the middle opening 15 of the pole frame 10 and is made of conductive material.

The structure of the main plate 2 is not particularly limited, as the main plate 2 is in a planar structure on both sides, or in a concave-convex structure on both sides of the main plate 2 (generally referred to as "mastoid plate")

Of course, in the bipolar plate shown in fig. 5, in order to facilitate the description of the structure of the diaphragm reservoir cell hereinafter, a cathode (including a cathode support layer 31 and a catalytically active layer 41 formed on the surface of the cathode support layer), an anode (including an anode support layer 32 and a catalytically active layer 42 formed on the surface of the anode support layer) are further shown on both sides of the main plate 2 of the bipolar plate.

On the basis of the electrode frame 10 given in the above embodiment, the present embodiment specifically provides a bipolar plate comprising any of the electrode frames 10 described above, to be mounted to an electrolytic cell for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water fed by a porous diaphragm.

In one embodiment of the present application, a diaphragm reservoir electrolyzer is provided, as shown in FIGS. 6-11, comprising:

a cathode end plate 7 and an anode end plate 8;

Two or more bipolar plates are positioned between the cathode end plate 7 and the anode end plate 8;

A cathode located on one side of the bipolar plate;

An anode positioned on the other side of the bipolar plate;

A porous membrane 5, said porous membrane 5 being located between two of said bipolar plates, said porous membrane 5 extending over a portion of said liquid flow passage openings 12 and not extending to said first gas flow passage openings 13 and said second gas flow passage openings 14; and, a step of, in the first embodiment,

Sealing gaskets 6 are positioned between the two bipolar plates, between the bipolar plates and the cathode end plate 7, and between the bipolar plates and the anode end plate 8 to seal.

Then, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, in one electrolytic cell, a sandwich structure of one or more (e.g., 2, 3,4, 5, 6,7,8,9, or 10 or more) cathodes, porous separators 5, and anodes is formed. At this time, as described above, the porous membrane 5 can transfer the liquid supply to the cathode and anode which are closely attached to the liquid supply by diffusion, permeation, etc., and the cathode and anode are respectively prepared into corresponding gases (such as hydrogen/oxygen) by electrolysis, and the prepared gases can be transferred to the first gas flow passage opening 13 and the second gas flow passage opening 14 by the first gas passage 131 and the second gas passage 141 due to the porous structure of the cathode and anode, respectively, so as to facilitate the discharge and collection of the gases. Thereby realizing the hydrogen production by the electrolysis of water by porous diaphragm feeding. The diaphragm liquid storage electrolytic tank provided by the embodiment has the beneficial effects brought by the polar frame 10 and the bipolar plate in the embodiment because the polar frame 10 and the bipolar plate in the embodiment are used in the diaphragm liquid storage electrolytic tank.

Regarding the structure of the cathode, it may be a structure including the cathode support layer 31 and the catalytically active layer 41 formed on the surface of the cathode support layer (e.g., a catalytically active layer coated on the surface of the cathode support layer) (i.e., the scheme adopted in the embodiment of the present application), preferably, the porosity and thickness of the cathode support layer 31 are both greater than those of the catalytically active layer 41 formed on the surface of the cathode support layer, so as to facilitate the diffusion of the gas generated by the cathode; or a catalytically active layer formed on (e.g., coated on) the surface of the porous separator 5; but may also be a self-supporting mesh or porous material.

Regarding the structure of the anode, it may be a structure including the anode support layer 32 and the catalytically active layer 42 formed on the surface of the anode support layer (e.g., a catalytically active layer coated on the surface of the anode support layer) (i.e., the scheme adopted in the embodiment of the present application), preferably, the anode support layer 32 has a porosity and a thickness greater than those of the catalytically active layer 42 formed on the surface of the anode support layer, so as to facilitate the diffusion of the gas generated on the anode; or a catalytically active layer formed on (e.g., coated on) the surface of the porous separator 5; but may also be a self-supporting mesh or porous material.

When the cathode and/or anode is a structure including the above-described catalytically active layer, or is a self-supporting mesh or porous material, the catalytically active layer, the self-supporting mesh and/or the porous material may be carbon, copper, nickel, iron, cobalt, molybdenum, platinum, ruthenium, rhenium, iridium, or the like.

As for the porous separator 5, as shown in fig. 8 and 9, the porous separator 5 includes:

The core porous layer 51, the pore diameter of the core porous layer 51 is 4 to 50 μm, preferably 9 to 30 μm, and may be a porous membrane composed of one or more materials such as PET, PPS, PSU, TPU, PDMS, PTFE;

The seal edge 52 is located at the periphery of the core porous layer 51, is made of a heat-resistant concentrated alkali-resistant hydrophobic and breathable material (such as PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene, PP polypropylene, etc.), and covers part of the openings of the liquid flow channels.

Wherein the seal edge 52, like a protective sleeve, covers the edge area of the core porous layer 51, can function to prevent electrolyte ions in the core porous layer 51 from diffusing to the contacted liquid, while allowing pure water in the feed liquid to diffuse to the core porous layer 51 in the form of vapor, thus allowing purified seawater, lake water, etc. to be directly introduced into the electrolytic bath as the feed liquid.

Specifically, the aperture of the edge seal is 0.05-5 μm, the thickness is 5-30 μm, and the thickness is preferably 8-16 μm.

As for the cathode end plate 7, as shown in fig. 10, wherein the left view of fig. 10 is the cathode end plate 7 facing outward side, and the right view is the cathode end plate 7 facing inward side, the cathode end plate 7 includes:

A liquid inlet/outlet 71, wherein two or more of the liquid inlets/outlets 71 correspond to different liquid flow passage openings 12;

A gas outlet 72, wherein two or more gas outlets 72 correspond to the first gas flow passage opening 13 and the second gas flow passage opening 14, respectively;

Wherein, a first liquid storage space 73 is arranged between the cathode end plate 7 and the adjacent bipolar plate for liquid to flow together.

Regarding the anode end plate 8, as shown in fig. 11, the left side of fig. 11 is that the anode end plate 8 faces the outside of the electrolytic cell, the right side of fig. 11 is that the anode end plate 8 faces the inside of the electrolytic cell, and a second liquid storage space 81 is provided between the anode end plate 8 and the adjacent bipolar plate, so that the liquid flows to the reverse branch after converging.

When the diaphragm liquid storage electrolyzer is used, pure water or aqueous solution with pH value more than or equal to 7 (such as low-concentration alkali, salt solution, seawater and the like) can be introduced into the liquid flow channel, and compared with the concentrated alkali of the conventional electrolyzer, the corrosion to the polar frame and the pipeline can be greatly reduced. Specifically, before the operation of the electrolytic cell, all porous diaphragms are soaked in 20-40% concentrated alkali (KOH or NaOH) to be full of corresponding concentrated alkali liquor, the operation can be carried out by soaking the diaphragms before the assembly of the electrolytic cell, or a group of liquid flow passages connected with each small chamber are arranged on a polar frame for filling the electrolytic cell with alkali liquor before the operation, and after the diaphragms absorb sufficient alkali liquor, the redundant alkali liquor is purged and discharged, and the operation is preferable to be the latter. When the electrolytic tank runs, the part of the electrolyte in the porous diaphragm, which is contacted with the electrode, is gradually consumed, the concentration of alkali liquor in the diaphragm is in concentration difference, the alkali liquor in the middle part of the diaphragm can be transmitted to two sides, and meanwhile, OH < - > in the diaphragm is transmitted from the cathode to the anode due to the voltage and concentration difference; meanwhile, because the ion concentration of the aqueous solution in the liquid flow channel is lower than that of the concentrated alkali in the diaphragm, the surface saturation vapor pressure of the aqueous solution is obviously higher than that of the alkali solution in the diaphragm, when the aqueous solution and the concentrated alkali are positioned at two sides of the hydrophobic breathable film, the water in the aqueous solution with lower ion concentration at the periphery migrates to the solution side with higher ion concentration in the diaphragm in the form of vapor, the water in the liquid flow channel can enter the porous diaphragm through concentration difference and vaporization effect, the water consumed in the porous diaphragm is supplemented, the alkali solution concentration in the diaphragm is reduced, and the alkali solution concentration distribution in the diaphragm is maintained in a dynamic balance state.

After the diaphragm liquid storage electrolyzer in the above embodiment is given, the person skilled in the art knows that it is matched with other components to obtain the water electrolysis hydrogen production system.

In particular, the electrolyzed water hydrogen production system may include at least one of the following components in addition to the membrane storage electrolyzer in the embodiments described above.

And the liquid circulation replenishing assembly is used for replenishing the liquid into the diaphragm liquid storage electrolytic tank. Compared with the traditional electrolytic tank adopting concentrated alkali, the corrosion resistance requirement on valve elements of each pipe is reduced, and the service life and the reliability of the system are ensured to be higher.

And the power supply control assembly is used for supplying power to the diaphragm liquid storage electrolytic tank for electrolyzing water. Compared with the power control component used in the prior art, the power control component has no specificity and can be selected according to the input power requirement and the prior experience.

And the gas post-treatment assembly is used for carrying out post-treatment on the gas prepared by the diaphragm liquid storage electrolyzer. When the porous diaphragm is used for feeding electrolytic water to prepare hydrogen, the liquid supply mainly exists in the porous diaphragm, the water content in the chamber is low, and a large amount of electrolyte is not present, so that the liquid content of the prepared gas is low, a special gas-liquid separation unit is not required, and only an alkali absorption and drying unit is arranged.

And the thermal energy management component is used for controlling the temperature in the diaphragm liquid storage electrolytic tank. The electrolysis is an endothermic reaction, the ion transfer in the porous diaphragm and the resistance in the circuit can generate heat, and the diaphragm liquid storage electrolyzer can reduce or balance the overall heat of the electrolyzer through the heat transfer between the diaphragm liquid storage electrolyzer and the liquid flow channel in the polar frame, the generated gas and the external environment, and the diaphragm liquid storage electrolyzer is maintained at a proper temperature in a proper area. Because the electrolyte content in the porous diaphragm is less during electrolytic hydrogen production, the heat brought by the electrolyte resistance is less, and the integral heat can not ensure that the electrolytic tank is at the ideal working condition temperature (80-90 ℃), the heat preservation or thermal management design can be added, and the effective utilization of the energy and the optimal electrolytic working condition can be ensured to the greatest extent.

Although the embodiments of the present application have been described above, the present application is not limited to the above-described specific embodiments and application fields, and the above-described specific embodiments are merely illustrative, and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art, having the benefit of this disclosure, may effect numerous forms of the application as described herein without departing from the scope of the application as claimed.

Claims

1. A pole frame for producing hydrogen by diaphragm liquid storage and water electrolysis, comprising:

A pole frame body;

the liquid flow passage openings are arranged on the polar frame body;

2. The pole frame of claim 1 wherein,

At least a portion of at least one of the liquid flow channel openings is located in an upper half of the pole frame body.

3. The pole frame of claim 2 wherein,

All of at least one of the liquid flow channel openings is located in the upper half of the pole frame body; and/or the number of the groups of groups,

The ratio of the total area of the liquid flow passage openings at the upper half of the polar frame body to the total area of the liquid flow passage openings at the lower half of the polar frame body is (0.8-1): 1; and/or the number of the groups of groups,

The length of the liquid flow passage opening, the first gas flow passage opening and/or the second gas flow passage opening in the width direction of the polar frame is 0.25-0.4 times of the width of the polar frame.

4. The pole frame of claim 1 wherein,

The liquid flow passage opening accounts for 5-15% of the total area of the polar frame; and/or the number of the groups of groups,

The liquid flow passage opening, the first gas flow passage opening and/or the second gas flow passage opening are round, regular polygon, waist-shaped and/or strip-shaped; and/or the number of the groups of groups,

The electrode frame body material is a metal material or a polymer material; and/or the number of the groups of groups,

The polar frame is a circular ring frame or an elliptical ring frame or a polygonal frame.

5. A bipolar plate, comprising:

the pole frame of any one of claims 1 to 4;

the main pole plate is positioned at the middle opening of the pole frame and is made of conductive materials.

6. The bipolar plate of claim 5 wherein,

The main polar plate is a mastoid plate.

7. A diaphragm reservoir electrolyzer, comprising:

A cathode end plate and an anode end plate;

The bipolar plate of claim 5 or 6, more than two of said bipolar plates being located between said cathode end plate and said anode end plate;

A cathode located on one side of the bipolar plate;

An anode positioned on the other side of the bipolar plate;

a porous membrane positioned between the two bipolar plates, the porous membrane extending over at least a portion of the liquid flow channel openings and not extending to the first gas flow channel opening and the second gas flow channel opening; and, a step of, in the first embodiment,

And the sealing gaskets are positioned between the two bipolar plates, between the bipolar plates and the cathode end plate and between the bipolar plates and the anode end plate so as to seal.

8. The membrane-storage electrolyzer of claim 7 wherein the porous membrane extends over a portion of the liquid flow channel opening or the porous membrane extends entirely over the liquid flow channel opening.

9. The membrane-reservoir electrolyzer of claim 7 wherein,

The cathode comprises a cathode supporting layer and a catalytic active layer formed on the surface of the cathode supporting layer, or the cathode is a catalytic active layer formed on the surface of the porous diaphragm, or the cathode is a self-supporting net or a porous material; and/or the number of the groups of groups,

The anode comprises an anode supporting layer and a catalytic active layer formed on the surface of the anode supporting layer, or the anode is the catalytic active layer formed on the surface of the porous diaphragm, or the anode is a self-supporting net or a porous material.

10. The membrane-reservoir cell of claim 9, wherein,

The porosity and thickness of the cathode support layer are both larger than those of the catalytic active layer formed on the surface of the cathode support layer; and/or the number of the groups of groups,

The anode support layer has a porosity and a thickness greater than those of the catalytically active layer formed on the surface of the anode support layer.

11. The membrane-reservoir electrolyzer of claim 7 wherein,

The porous separator includes:

A core porous layer, the pore diameter of the core porous layer is 4-50 mu m;

the edge sealing is positioned on the periphery of the core porous layer, is made of a heat-resistant concentrated alkali-resistant hydrophobic breathable material, and covers at least part of the liquid flow passage opening.

12. The membrane-reservoir cell of claim 11, wherein,

The pore diameter of the core porous layer is 9-30 mu m.

13. The membrane-reservoir cell of claim 11, wherein,

The aperture of the edge sealing is 0.05-5 mu m, and the thickness is 5-30 mu m; and/or the hydrophobic and breathable material is any one of PTFE or PP.

14. The membrane-reservoir electrolyzer of claim 7 wherein,

The cathode end plate includes:

a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, wherein more than two liquid inlets and outlets respectively correspond to different liquid flow passage openings;

the gas outlets are respectively corresponding to the first gas flow passage opening and the second gas flow passage opening;

a first liquid storage space is arranged between the cathode end plate and the adjacent bipolar plate for liquid to flow together; and/or a second liquid storage space is arranged between the anode end plate and the adjacent bipolar plate so that the liquid flows to the reverse branch after converging.

15. An electrolyzed water hydrogen production system comprising:

a diaphragm reservoir cell as claimed in any one of claims 7 to 14.

16. The water electrolysis hydrogen production system of claim 15 further comprising:

the liquid circulation replenishing system is used for replenishing liquid into the diaphragm liquid storage electrolytic tank; and/or the number of the groups of groups,

A power control system for supplying power to the diaphragm liquid storage electrolyzer for electrolysis of water; and/or the number of the groups of groups,

The gas post-treatment system is used for carrying out post-treatment on the gas prepared by the diaphragm liquid storage electrolyzer; and/or the number of the groups of groups,

And the thermal energy management system is used for controlling the temperature in the diaphragm liquid storage electrolytic tank.